CN113539029A - Dynamic space magnetic field simulation system and method - Google Patents
Dynamic space magnetic field simulation system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113539029A CN113539029A CN202110982328.8A CN202110982328A CN113539029A CN 113539029 A CN113539029 A CN 113539029A CN 202110982328 A CN202110982328 A CN 202110982328A CN 113539029 A CN113539029 A CN 113539029A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dynamic space magnetic field simulation system and method, which comprises a magnetic shielding cover (1), wherein three groups of Helmholtz coils (2) which are arranged according to an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis are arranged in the magnetic shielding cover (1), and a nonmagnetic rotating platform (3) is arranged in a magnetic working space which is enclosed by the three groups of Helmholtz coils (2). The invention provides a dynamic space magnetic field simulation system, which is used for experimental research of magnetic elements in a dynamic space magnetic field environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geomagnetic field simulation, in particular to a dynamic space magnetic field simulation system and method.
Background
The steady magnetic field is more and more widely applied in modern industrial production and scientific experiments, and the magnetic field distribution and the magnetic field strength required in different use environments are different, so that different magnetic field generating devices are required. The permanent magnetic field designed in industrial production can be classified into permanent magnet, electromagnet and coil magnetic field according to source. At present, a magnetic field space artificially created forms a nonmagnetic space or generates a vector magnetic field, and a coil technology is generally adopted. This is mainly due to the fact that the coils are easy to process, and the generated magnetic field is stable and easy to control.
In practical application environments, magnetic materials are often subjected to the action of weak constant magnetic fields in one or more directions, such as the action of a geomagnetic field, and the strength of the magnetic materials can reach 0.5Gs in general. In order to simulate the magnetic property change of the magnetic material under the environment, a space magnetic field simulator needs to be designed and manufactured, and the dynamic magnetic field environment test research of X, Y, Z directions can be realized.
Therefore, the prior art has the defects of complex structure, large volume, inconvenient control and high manufacturing cost of the prior experimental device.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of at least one of the drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention provides a dynamic space magnetic field simulation system with simple structure and high precision, which is used for experimental study of magnetic elements in a dynamic space magnetic field environment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a dynamic space magnetic field analog system, includes magnetic shield cover (1), be provided with three group helmholtz coils (2) that arrange according to X axle, Y axle, Z axle in magnetic shield cover (1), in the magnetic work space that three group helmholtz coils (2) enclose, be provided with no magnetism rotary platform (3).
As an optimization: and each group of Helmholtz coils (2) is provided with two rectangular coils which are parallel to each other, the structure is simple, and the magnetic field distribution is uniform.
As an optimization: the specific parameters of the Helmholtz coil (2) positioned on the X axis are that the equivalent long side is 500mm, the equivalent short side is 500mm, and the equivalent distance is 272 mm; specific parameters of the Helmholtz coil (2) positioned on the Y axis are that the equivalent long side is 564mm, the equivalent short side is 564mm, and the equivalent distance is 306 mm; the specific parameters of the Helmholtz coil (2) positioned on the Z axis are an equivalent long side 608mm, an equivalent short side 628mm and an equivalent distance of 342 mm.
As an optimization: the bottom of the non-magnetic rotating platform (3) is connected with a rotating shaft (32), the bottom of the outer wall of the magnetic shielding cover (1) is fixedly provided with a servo motor (31), and the rotating shaft (32) penetrates out of the bottom of the magnetic shielding cover (1) downwards and then is connected with an output shaft of the servo motor (31).
As an optimization: the servo motor (31) is provided with a shielding cover (311), the shielding cover (311) is made of silicon steel, and an opening structure is arranged below the shielding cover (311). In the motor operation process, can produce the magnetic field, the setting of shield cover (311) can prevent the magnetic field to the top conduction, avoids influencing the experiment magnetic field, and the below can keep with external air flow for open structure simultaneously, improves the heat dissipation, also the easy access maintenance.
As an optimization: the three groups of Helmholtz coils (2) are all provided with coil frameworks, the coil frameworks are hollow, one ends of the coil frameworks are provided with refrigerant inlets, the other ends of the coil frameworks are provided with refrigerant outlets, and the refrigerant inlets and the refrigerant outlets are communicated with a refrigerant circulating system.
As an optimization: the magnetic shielding cover (1) is cylindrical or cubic, at least two layers of the magnetic shielding cover (1) are arranged, and the magnetic shielding cover (1) is processed by rare earth modified Fe-Ni soft magnetic alloy; each layer of the magnetic shield (1) is 1-2 mm thick.
As an optimization: the control unit is provided with a microprocessor, a current detection end of the microprocessor is connected with a current detection sensor group, and the current detection sensor group is electrically connected with the three groups of Helmholtz coils (2) respectively; the voltage detection end of the microprocessor is connected with a voltage sensor group, the voltage sensor group is electrically connected with the three groups of Helmholtz coils (2) respectively, and the detection end of the microprocessor is connected with a three-axis magnetic field meter;
the output end of the constant current source module supplies power to the three groups of Helmholtz coils (2), and the control end of the constant current source module is connected with the control end of the microprocessor power supply;
the motor control end of the microprocessor is connected with a servo motor driving module, and the output end of the servo motor driving module is electrically connected with a servo motor;
and the communication end of the microprocessor is communicated with the upper computer.
An experimental method of a dynamic space magnetic field simulation system adopts the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting an experimental sample, such as a permanent magnet element, magnetizing to saturation by using a magnetizing machine, wherein the thickness direction of the experimental sample is the magnet orientation direction;
step two: fixing the sample on a nonmagnetic rotating platform (3), and covering a shielding case;
step three: selecting X, Y, Z three vertical directions or a single direction according to experimental requirements, and setting the magnitude of a magnetic field and the rotating speed and the residence time of the nonmagnetic rotating platform (3);
step four: starting a coil, and then opening a fluxmeter to test the magnitude of a magnetic field in the magnetic shield so as to ensure that the influence of an external magnetic field environment is reduced to the minimum;
step five: independently turning on a directional magnetic field power supply, and observing the magnitude of the magnetic field by using a fluxmeter to ensure that the magnitude of the magnetic field is consistent with a set value;
step six: and starting the coil according to the experiment set value, taking out the experiment sample after the set value is reached, and measuring the surface magnetic field of the sample by using a gauss meter.
The dynamic space magnetic field simulation system has the advantages that the control precision is high, the magnetic field is uniform, and the magnetic field intensity and the direction can be freely adjusted; the magnetic field space is independent and is not influenced by an external magnetic field and system operation equipment; the magnetic field coil has a cooling function, so that the influence of the temperature on an experimental sample in the running process of the system is avoided, and the experimental precision is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the arrangement of three sets of Helmholtz coils;
FIG. 5 is a circuit block diagram of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of a microprocessor.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1-6, a dynamic space magnetic field simulation system includes a magnetic shielding case 1, the magnetic shielding case 1 is cylindrical or cubic, the magnetic shielding case 1 has a two-layer structure, each layer has a thickness of 1-2 mm, the magnetic shielding case 1 is processed by a rare earth modified Fe-Ni soft magnetic alloy, three sets of helmholtz coils 2 arranged in the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions are arranged in the magnetic shielding case 1, a rotating nonmagnetic rotating platform 3 is arranged in a magnetic working space surrounded by the three sets of helmholtz coils 2, the bottom of the nonmagnetic rotating platform 3 is connected with a rotating shaft 32, a servo motor 31 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer wall of the magnetic shielding case 1, the rotating shaft 32 penetrates through the bottom of the magnetic shielding case 1 downwards and is connected with an output shaft of the servo motor 31, the servo motor 31 is provided with a shielding case 311, the shielding case 311 is made of silicon steel, and an opening structure is arranged below the shielding cover 311. The three groups of Helmholtz coils 2 are all provided with coil frameworks, the coil frameworks are hollow, one ends of the coil frameworks are provided with refrigerant inlets, the other ends of the coil frameworks are provided with refrigerant outlets, and the refrigerant inlets and the refrigerant outlets are communicated with a refrigerant circulating system.
The magnetic element may be fixed to the upper surface of the nonmagnetic rotating platform 3 by means of a bandage, tape, or the like. Each group of helmholtz coils 2 is provided with two rectangular coils which are parallel to each other. The specific parameters of the Helmholtz coil 2 positioned on the X axis are that the equivalent long side is 500mm, the equivalent short side is 500mm, and the equivalent distance is 272 mm; specific parameters of the Helmholtz coil 2 positioned on the Y axis are that the equivalent long side is 564mm, the equivalent short side is 564mm, and the equivalent distance is 306 mm; the specific parameters of the helmholtz coil 2 on the Z axis are an equivalent long side 608mm, an equivalent short side 628mm, and an equivalent pitch 342 mm. The three sets of helmholtz coils 2 are respectively two X-axis helmholtz coils 21 arranged along the X-axis, and the two X-axis helmholtz coils 21 are wound in the same direction; two Y-axis helmholtz coils 22 arranged along the Y-axis, the two Y-axis helmholtz coils 22 being wound in the same direction; two Z-axis helmholtz coils 23 arranged along the Z-axis, the two Z-axis helmholtz coils 23 being wound in the same direction.
The inner chamber bottom of magnetic shield cover 1 is fixed and is provided with plastic base plate 11, and the perpendicular symmetry of three sets of helmholtz coils 2 is fixed to be set up on plastic base plate 11, and helmholtz coils 2 passes through plastic base plate 11 and fixes the setting in magnetic shield cover 1. The upper surface of the nonmagnetic rotating platform 3 is positioned at the center of the three groups of Helmholtz coils 2. Four nonmagnetic copper bolt components 13 are arranged at four corners of the plastic base plate 11, and the horizontal position of the whole set of three groups of coils is adjusted by the four nonmagnetic copper bolt components 13. The three axial directions X, Y, Z correspond to the horizontal north and south, the horizontal east and west, and the vertical direction to the ground. The non-magnetic rotary platform 3 and the coil framework are made of hard aluminum alloy.
The three sets of helmholtz coils 2 are fixed inside the magnetic shield 1 by a plastic base plate 11. The bottom of the outer wall of the magnetic shield case 1 is fixedly provided with legs 12. The legs 12 can be fixedly mounted on the ground to prevent the magnetic shield 1 from being randomly vibrated.
The constant current source is located outside the magnetic shield 1. The magnetic shield case 1 is provided with an electric wire passing hole, and the three sets of helmholtz coils 2 are supplied with power by an electric wire passing through the electric wire passing hole. One side surface or the top surface of the magnetic shield 1 is openable for putting in or taking out the magnetic element. In order to reduce the external environment interference, a magnetic shielding cover is arranged outside the coil. Due to the presence of the earth magnetic field and other sources of magnetic interference present at the periphery of the device, absolute null magnetic spaces are not present, which can affect the test results. This problem can be solved by making the magnetic shield 1 of a high magnetic permeable material. Can be composed of a square cover shell with an opening at one end and an end cover covering the opening.
The bottom of the non-magnetic rotating platform 3 is connected with a rotating shaft 32, the bottom of the magnetic shielding cover 1 is fixedly provided with a servo motor 31, the upper end of the rotating shaft 32 is connected with the non-magnetic rotating platform 3, the lower end of the rotating shaft is connected with an output shaft of the servo motor 31 after penetrating out of the bottom of the magnetic shielding cover 1 downwards, and a power supply end of the servo motor 31 is connected with an output end of the servo motor driving module. The bottom of the magnetic shield cover 1 is provided with a through hole through which the rotation shaft 32 passes. The plastic base plate 11 is provided with a through hole through which the rotation shaft 32 passes. The microprocessor drives the servo motor 31 to rotate at a corresponding rotating speed through the servo motor driving module, and the servo motor 31 drives the nonmagnetic rotating platform 3 to rotate through the rotating shaft 32, so that the magnetic element is driven to rotate.
The material of the non-magnetic rotary platform 3 is hard aluminum alloy. The measured part is arranged on the surface of the nonmagnetic rotary platform 3, and the three-axis magnetometer 33 for calibration is arranged beside the nonmagnetic rotary platform 3. The plastic base plate 11 is provided with a high-precision level gauge, and the horizontal error of the whole set of coil structure is adjusted through nonmagnetic copper bolts 13 at four corners of the plastic base plate 11. All metal parts in the coil framework are made of copper or aluminum materials.
The bottom of the nonmagnetic rotating platform 3 is connected with a servo motor 31 through a rotating shaft 32, and the nonmagnetic rotating platform 3 can rotate at a specified speed under the action of the servo motor 31, so that the movement of a sample and a magnetic element for cutting magnetic lines of force can be realized, and the movement state of a magnetic material or an element for cutting a dynamic space magnetic field at a high speed can be simulated. The maximum rotating speed requirement of the servo motor 31 can reach 3000 rpm. The servo motor 31 is provided with a motor cover 311, and the motor cover 311 is made of silicon steel. The motor cover 311 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the magnetic shield cover 1, the lower end of the motor cover 311 is open, and the upper end is provided with a via hole through which the rotating shaft 32 passes.
In order to reduce the influence of the magnetic field of the servo motor 31 during operation on the inside of the magnetic shield case 1, the servo motor 31 is provided with a motor cover 311, and the motor cover 311 may be square or circular and is made of silicon steel.
Three group helmholtz coils 2 all are provided with the coil skeleton, and helmholtz coil 2's wire coiling is on the coil skeleton, coil skeleton cavity, one end are provided with the water inlet, and the other end is provided with the delivery port, and water inlet and delivery port are connected with cooling water circulation system, through cooling water circulation system from the water inlet input cooling water, withdraw cooling water from the delivery port to dispel the heat to helmholtz coil 2. The helmholtz coil 2 is prevented from generating heat in long-time operation to ensure the stability of the magnetic field intensity. The cooling water circulation system is arranged outside the magnetic shield 1 and penetrates into the magnetic shield 1 through a corresponding pipeline to be connected with the water inlet and the water outlet.
Firstly, rolling and welding an alloy plate for manufacturing the magnetic shield 1, and then integrally performing hydrogen heat treatment; to prevent the shield case 1 from being deformed during the heat treatment, Al2O3 powder is used for the burying treatment. The shielding case 1 may be composed of a cover body with an opening at the upper end and an upper cover embedded in the opening at the upper end, and the upper cover and the upper opening of the cover body are tightly fitted.
The control unit is provided with a microprocessor, the current detection end of the microprocessor is connected with a current detection sensor group, and the current detection sensor group is electrically connected with the three groups of Helmholtz coils 2 respectively; the voltage detection end of the microprocessor is connected with a voltage sensor group which is respectively and electrically connected with the three groups of Helmholtz coils 2; the output end of the constant current source module supplies power to the three groups of Helmholtz coils 2, and the control end of the constant current source module is connected with the control end of the microprocessor power supply; the motor control end of the microprocessor is connected with a servo motor driving module, and the output end of the servo motor driving module is electrically connected with a servo motor; and the communication end of the microprocessor is communicated with the upper computer. The constant current source circuit consists of a main circuit and a control circuit. The main circuit comprises a power grid filter circuit, an input rectification filter circuit, a main conversion circuit, an output rectification filter circuit, a drive control circuit, an auxiliary power supply circuit and the like.
A three-axis magnetometer is arranged near a product to be measured, and the three-axis magnetometer is connected with a microprocessor. The internal magnetic field of the Helmholtz coil 2 is controlled by an external constant current source, the magnetic field of the center position is measured by a triaxial magnetometer in advance, and the microprocessor adjusts the output of the constant current source according to the data so as to meet the external magnetic field required by material testing. The constant current source has wide regulation range and adjustable positive and negative so as to meet the requirements of high-precision magnetic field output and direction conversion. In the system, detectors of three directions of the triaxial magnetometer are consistent with three axial directions of three groups of Helmholtz coils 2, the framework orthogonality requirement of the three axial directions of the coil system reaches 90 degrees +/-5 degrees, and meanwhile, the Helmholtz coils 2 in each direction are required to be parallel to the axial direction. The three-axis magnetometer is fixedly arranged on one coil of the innermost layer and positioned in the magnetic working space, and the magnetic shield 1 is led out through a connecting lead and connected with the microprocessor.
The experimental method of the dynamic space magnetic field simulation system adopts the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting an experimental sample, such as a permanent magnet element, magnetizing to saturation by using a magnetizing machine, wherein the thickness direction of the experimental sample is the magnet orientation direction;
step two: fixing a sample on a nonmagnetic rotating platform 3, and covering a shielding case;
step three: selecting X, Y, Z three vertical directions or a single direction according to experimental requirements, and setting the magnitude of a magnetic field and the rotating speed and the residence time of the nonmagnetic rotating platform 3;
step four: starting a coil, and then opening a fluxmeter to test the magnitude of a magnetic field in the magnetic shield so as to ensure that the influence of an external magnetic field environment is reduced to the minimum;
step five: independently turning on a directional magnetic field power supply, and observing the magnitude of the magnetic field by using a fluxmeter to ensure that the magnitude of the magnetic field is consistent with a set value;
step six: and starting the coil according to the experiment set value, taking out the experiment sample after the set value is reached, and measuring the surface magnetic field of the sample by using a gauss meter.
Placing a sample or a magnetic element on the nonmagnetic rotating platform 3, and selecting the edge or the center of the nonmagnetic rotating platform 3 according to actual conditions; the three groups of Helmholtz coils 2 respectively generate magnetic fields in the directions of an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis, and the magnetic field in any direction or a plurality of directions can be turned on according to actual conditions; the servo motor 31 is started, the servo motor 31 drives the nonmagnetic rotating platform 3 to rotate through the rotating shaft 32, the speed of the servo motor 31 is adjusted, and the samples or magnetic elements can move at different speeds under the conditions of magnetic fields in different directions and different sizes. Therefore, the simulation magnetic element moves in a dynamic space magnetic field environment and can be used for analyzing the influence of the dynamic magnetic field environment on the overall magnetic performance of the magnetic element.
Further, the magnetic property variation test of the permanent magnet material for the motor and the steering engine in the simulated geomagnetic field environment is described as an example.
In practical application, during the flying process of the aircraft, the permanent magnet element inside the aircraft can cut the geomagnetic field at a high speed along with the aircraft, and the moving direction of the permanent magnet element can form any angle with the direction of the geomagnetic field. In order to simulate the magnetic property change of the permanent magnetic element in the environment, a self-made space magnetic field simulation system is utilized to complete the experiment. The earth magnetic field strength is provided by a pair of coils in one direction, and the maximum strength can reach 10 times the earth magnetic field strength. The angle of the direction of motion to the earth's magnetic field can be modeled by three sets of mutually perpendicular coils. The motion of cutting the magnetic lines of force can be simulated by the rotation of the nonmagnetic rotating platform 3.
Selecting a proper permanent magnet element, and magnetizing the element to saturation by using a magnetizing machine before testing, wherein the thickness direction of the element is the magnet orientation direction. And (3) placing the sample in the center of a sample table, fixing, setting the size and direction of a magnetic field and the rotating speed of a motor, keeping for a period of time, taking out the sample, and testing the surface magnetic field and various magnetic properties of the sample, such as remanence, coercive force, magnetic energy product and the like. Therefore, the influence of the magnetic fields with different rotating speeds (such as 500/1000/1500rpm), different time (such as 0.5,2,4h), different magnetic field sizes (0.5,2,4Gs) and different directions on the magnetic performance of the permanent magnetic element is researched.
The influence of the permanent magnetic materials and the elements in the dynamic space magnetic field simulation system can be tested through the test parameters. Of course, the test parameters may be set by themselves based on the degree to which the magnetic element is affected by the ambient magnetic field.
Finally, it is noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples of the present invention, and it is a matter of course that those skilled in the art can make modifications and variations to the present invention, and it is considered that the present invention is protected by the modifications and variations if they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. The dynamic space magnetic field simulation system is characterized by comprising a magnetic shielding cover (1), wherein three groups of Helmholtz coils (2) which are arranged according to an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis are arranged in the magnetic shielding cover (1), and a nonmagnetic rotating platform (3) is arranged in a magnetic working space enclosed by the three groups of Helmholtz coils (2).
2. The dynamic spatial magnetic field simulation system according to claim 1, wherein: each group of Helmholtz coils (2) is provided with at least two rectangular coils which are parallel to each other.
3. The dynamic spatial magnetic field simulation system according to claim 1, wherein: the specific parameters of the Helmholtz coil (2) positioned on the X axis are that the equivalent long side is 500mm, the equivalent short side is 500mm, and the equivalent distance is 272 mm; specific parameters of the Helmholtz coil (2) positioned on the Y axis are that the equivalent long side is 564mm, the equivalent short side is 564mm, and the equivalent distance is 306 mm; the specific parameters of the Helmholtz coil (2) positioned on the Z axis are an equivalent long side 608mm, an equivalent short side 628mm and an equivalent distance of 342 mm.
4. The dynamic spatial magnetic field simulation system according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the non-magnetic rotating platform (3) is connected with a rotating shaft (32), the bottom of the outer wall of the magnetic shielding cover (1) is fixedly provided with a servo motor (31), and the rotating shaft (32) penetrates out of the bottom of the magnetic shielding cover (1) downwards and then is connected with an output shaft of the servo motor (31).
5. The dynamic spatial magnetic field simulation system according to claim 4, wherein: the servo motor (31) is provided with a shielding cover (311), the shielding cover (311) is made of silicon steel, and an opening structure is arranged below the shielding cover (311).
6. The dynamic spatial magnetic field simulation system according to claim 1, wherein: and the helmholtz coils (2) are all provided with coil frameworks which are of hollow structures, one ends of the coil frameworks are provided with refrigerant inlets, the other ends of the coil frameworks are provided with refrigerant outlets, and the refrigerant inlets and the refrigerant outlets are communicated with a refrigerant circulating system.
7. The dynamic spatial magnetic field simulation system according to claim 1, wherein: the magnetic shielding cover (1) is cylindrical or cubic, at least two layers of the magnetic shielding cover (1) are arranged, and the magnetic shielding cover (1) is processed by rare earth modified Fe-Ni soft magnetic alloy; each layer of the magnetic shield (1) is 1-2 mm thick.
8. The dynamic spatial magnetic field simulation system according to claim 1, wherein: the control unit is provided with a microprocessor, a current detection end of the microprocessor is connected with a current detection sensor group, and the current detection sensor group is electrically connected with the three groups of Helmholtz coils (2) respectively; the voltage detection end of the microprocessor is connected with a voltage sensor group, the voltage sensor group is electrically connected with the three groups of Helmholtz coils (2) respectively, and the detection end of the microprocessor is connected with a three-axis magnetic field meter;
the output end of the constant current source module supplies power to the three groups of Helmholtz coils (2), and the control end of the constant current source module is connected with the control end of the microprocessor power supply;
the motor control end of the microprocessor is connected with a servo motor driving module, and the output end of the servo motor driving module is electrically connected with a servo motor;
and the communication end of the microprocessor is communicated with the upper computer.
9. The experimental method of a dynamic spatial magnetic field modeling system according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterized by the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting an experimental sample, such as a permanent magnet element, magnetizing to saturation by using a magnetizing machine, wherein the thickness direction of the experimental sample is the magnet orientation direction;
step two: fixing the sample on a nonmagnetic rotating platform (3), and covering a shielding case;
step three: selecting X, Y, Z three vertical directions or a single direction according to experimental requirements, and setting the magnitude of a magnetic field and the rotating speed and the residence time of the nonmagnetic rotating platform (3);
step four: starting a coil, and then opening a fluxmeter to test the magnitude of a magnetic field in the magnetic shield so as to ensure that the influence of an external magnetic field environment is reduced to the minimum;
step five: independently turning on a directional magnetic field power supply, and observing the magnitude of the magnetic field by using a fluxmeter to ensure that the magnitude of the magnetic field is consistent with a set value;
step six: and starting the coil according to the experiment set value, taking out the experiment sample after the set value is reached, and measuring the surface magnetic field of the sample by using a gauss meter.
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Application publication date: 20211022 |