CN113536199A

CN113536199A - Geometric operation method of three-dimensional airspace body

Info

Publication number: CN113536199A
Application number: CN202110834714.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 宋柯
Original assignee: China Aviation Materials Navigation Technology Beijing Co ltd
Current assignee: China Aviation Materials Navigation Technology Beijing Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-07-23
Filing date: 2021-07-23
Publication date: 2021-10-22

Abstract

The invention discloses a geometric operation method of a three-dimensional airspace body, which comprises the following steps: acquiring horizontal boundaries, vertical ranges and geometric operation types of two three-dimensional airspace bodies participating in calculation; performing two-dimensional geometric operation on the horizontal boundaries of the two three-dimensional airspace bodies by using a general GIS method to obtain a horizontal result polygon; and calculating to obtain the three-dimensional shape of the result airspace body according to the horizontal result polygon, the vertical range of the two three-dimensional airspace bodies and the geometric operation type. The method and the device can rapidly calculate the geometric shape of the complex airspace body formed by combining a plurality of airspace bodies. The method can be applied to the fields of airspace analysis, judgment of the position relation between the airway and the airspace, drawing of three-dimensional aerographs and the like.

Description

Geometric operation method of three-dimensional airspace body

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of data processing, in particular to a geometric operation method of a three-dimensional airspace body.

Background

The airspace is an important aviation factor and has two geometric attributes of a horizontal boundary and a vertical range. At present, the mainstream chart platform can only display the horizontal boundary of an airspace in a two-dimensional mode and cannot completely display the three-dimensional shape of the airspace.

In an aviation data exchange model (AIXM5.1) proposed by the International civil aviation organization, a three-dimensional shape of an airspace can be formed by adding, subtracting or intersecting and combining a plurality of simple airspace bodies (the upper surface and the lower surface are horizontal planes with the same shape). At present, due to the lack of a method for performing addition, subtraction or intersection geometric operation on an airspace body, the three-dimensional shape of a complex airspace cannot be determined, so that the vertical relation between an airway route and the airspace cannot be accurately judged, and the fine requirement of civil aviation units on airspace management cannot be met.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the invention provides a geometric operation method of a three-dimensional spatial domain body, which aims to solve the problem that the geometric shape of a complex spatial domain body formed by adding, subtracting or intersecting a plurality of simple spatial domain bodies cannot be processed in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention comprises the following steps:

step S201: acquiring horizontal boundaries, vertical ranges and geometric operation types of two three-dimensional airspace bodies participating in calculation;

step S202: performing two-dimensional geometric operation on the horizontal boundaries of the two three-dimensional airspace bodies by using a general GIS method to obtain a horizontal result polygon;

step S203: and calculating to obtain the three-dimensional geometric shape of the result airspace body according to the horizontal result polygon, the vertical ranges of the two three-dimensional airspace bodies and the geometric operation type.

Step S201 includes: reading the horizontal boundary, the vertical range and the geometric operation type of the two three-dimensional spatial domains participating in calculation from an XML file conforming to the standard of an aviation data exchange model (AIXM 5.1).

Step S202 includes:

step 2-1: judging the horizontal position relation of the two three-dimensional airspace bodies by using a general GIS method to obtain the relation of three horizontal positions which are not intersected, intersected but not contained and completely contained;

step 2-2: returning a null value for the disjoint horizontal position relationship;

step 2-3: and for the relation of two horizontal positions which are intersected but not contained and completely contained, adding, subtracting or intersecting two-dimensional geometric operation is carried out on the horizontal boundaries of the two three-dimensional airspaces by utilizing a general GIS method according to the geometric operation type to obtain a horizontal result polygon.

Step S203 includes:

step 3-1: according to the height of the upper limit and the lower limit of the vertical range of the two three-dimensional airspace bodies, the two three-dimensional airspace bodies are divided into 9 vertical position relations, and the dividing method comprises the following steps:

the airspace on the left side of the operator is called a main airspace, and the airspace on the right side of the operator is called a space-subject;

vertical positional relationship 1: the upper limit of the main airspace is the same as that of the airspace to be airspace, and the lower limit of the airspace to be airspace is between the upper limit and the lower limit of the main airspace;

vertical positional relationship 2: the upper limit and the lower limit of the main airspace and the airspace are the same;

vertical positional relationship 3: the upper limit of the main airspace is the same as that of the airspace to be controlled, and the lower limit of the main airspace is between the upper limit and the lower limit of the airspace to be controlled;

vertical positional relationship 4: the upper limit and the lower limit of the airspace to be controlled are both between the upper limit and the lower limit of the main airspace;

vertical positional relationship 5: the upper limit of the airspace to be controlled is between the upper limit and the lower limit of the main airspace, and the lower limit of the main airspace is the same as that of the airspace to be controlled;

vertical positional relationship 6: the upper limit of the airspace to be controlled is between the upper limit and the lower limit of the main airspace, and the lower limit of the main airspace is between the upper limit and the lower limit of the airspace to be controlled;

vertical positional relationship 7: the upper limit and the lower limit of the main airspace are both between the upper limit and the lower limit of the airspace to be airspace;

vertical positional relationship 8: the upper limit of the main airspace is between the upper limit and the lower limit of the airspace, and the lower limit of the main airspace is the same as that of the airspace;

vertical positional relationship 9: the upper limit of the main airspace is between the upper limit and the lower limit of the airspace, and the lower limit of the airspace is between the upper limit and the lower limit of the main airspace;

other cases where there is no overlap in the main, spatial domain vertical range are not considered.

Step 3-2: and determining the horizontal boundary and the vertical range of each component of the result airspace body according to the horizontal position relation, the vertical position relation and the geometric operation type of the two three-dimensional airspace bodies.

Step 3-2 comprises the following steps:

step 3-2-1: determining that the result space domain consists of several parts;

step 3-2-2: determining horizontal boundaries of each component of the resulting spatial domain;

step 3-2-3: the upper and lower limits of each component of the resulting spatial domain are determined.

The geometric operation method for determining addition, subtraction or intersection under different position relations is as follows:

(the airspace on the left side of an operator is a main airspace, the airspace on the right side of the operator is a controlled airspace; H represents a horizontal result polygon; Z represents a main airspace horizontal boundary, ZS and ZX represent the upper limit height and the lower limit height of the main airspace respectively; B represents a controlled airspace horizontal boundary, and BS and BX represent the upper limit height and the lower limit height of the controlled airspace).

The method a, when the horizontal boundaries of two three-dimensional spatial domains intersect but are not contained, each geometric operation method is as follows:

a1. addition operation

The 9 addition methods defined in step 3-1 are P1 to P9.

P1: add to form 2 bins: (vertical positional relationship 1)

Result space volume 1: horizontal boundary H, upper limit = ZS, lower limit = BX;

result space volume 2: the horizontal boundary is Z, upper limit = BX, lower limit = ZX.

P2: add to form 1 spatial volume: (vertical positional relationship 2)

Result space volume 1: the horizontal boundary is H, upper limit = ZS, lower limit = ZX.

P3: add to form 2 bins: (vertical positional relationship 3)

Result space volume 1: horizontal boundary H, upper limit = ZS, lower limit = ZX;

result space volume 2: the horizontal boundary is B, upper limit = ZX, lower limit = BX.

P4: add to form 3 bins: (vertical positional relationship 4)

Result space volume 1: horizontal boundary Z, upper limit = ZS, lower limit = BS;

result space volume 2: horizontal boundary H, upper limit = BS, lower limit = BX;

result space volume 3: the horizontal boundary is Z, upper limit = BX, lower limit = ZX.

P5: add to form 2 bins: (vertical positional relationship 5)

result space volume 2: the horizontal boundary is H, upper limit = BS, lower limit = ZX.

P6: add to form 3 bins: (vertical positional relationship 6)

result space volume 2: horizontal boundary H, upper limit = BS, lower limit = ZX;

result space volume 3: the horizontal boundary is B, upper limit = ZX, lower limit = BX.

P7: add to form 3 bins: (vertical positional relationship 7)

Result space volume 1: horizontal boundary is B, upper limit = BS, lower limit = ZS;

result space volume 2: horizontal boundary H, upper limit = ZS, lower limit = ZX;

P8: add to form 2 bins: (vertical positional relationship 8)

result space volume 2: the horizontal boundary is H, upper limit = ZS, lower limit = BX.

P9: add to form 3 bins: (vertical positional relationship 9)

result space volume 2: horizontal boundary H, upper limit = ZS, lower limit = BX;

a2. Subtraction operation

The subtraction operation methods corresponding to the 9 vertical position relationships defined in the step 3-1 are M1 to M4.

M1: subtraction formed 1 spatial volume: (vertical

positional relationships

2, 3, 7 and 8)

M2: the subtraction results in 2 bins: (vertical positional relationships 1 and 9)

M3: the subtraction results in 2 bins: (vertical positional relationships 5 and 6)

M4: subtraction formed 3 bins: (vertical positional relationship 4)

a3. Intersection operation

The intersection operation methods corresponding to the 9 vertical position relationships defined in the step 3-1 are T1 to T4.

T1: intersecting to form 1 spatial volume: (vertical

positional relationships

2, 3, 7 and 8)

T2: intersecting to form 1 spatial volume: (vertical positional relationships 1 and 9)

Result space volume 1: the horizontal boundary is H, upper limit = ZS, lower limit = BX.

T3: intersecting to form 1 spatial volume: (vertical positional relationships 5 and 6)

Result space volume 1: the horizontal boundary is H, upper limit = BS, lower limit = ZX.

T4: intersecting to form 1 spatial volume: (vertical positional relationship 4)

Result space volume 1: the horizontal boundary is H, upper limit = BS, lower limit = BX.

When the horizontal boundaries of the two three-dimensional space domains are mutually included, each geometric operation method comprises the following steps:

b1. addition operation

The operation method is the same as the above a1.

b2. Subtraction operation

When the horizontal range of the airspace completely contains the horizontal range of the main airspace, the subtraction result is null;

when the main airspace horizontal range completely contains the airspace horizontal range, the subtraction operation method corresponding to the 9 vertical position relations defined in the step 3-1 is C1-C4.

C1: the subtraction results in 2 bins: (vertical positional relationships 1 and 9)

Result space volume 1: the outer horizontal boundary is Z, the inner horizontal boundary is B, the upper limit = ZS, the lower limit = BX;

C2: subtraction formed 1 spatial volume: (vertical

positional relationships

2, 3, 7 and 8)

Result space volume 1: the outer horizontal boundary is Z, the inner horizontal boundary is B, the upper limit = ZS, and the lower limit = ZX.

C3: the subtraction results in 2 bins: (vertical positional relationships 5 and 6)

result space volume 2: the outer horizontal boundary is Z, the inner horizontal boundary is B, the upper limit = BS, the lower limit = ZX.

C4: subtraction formed 3 bins: (vertical positional relationship 4)

result space volume 2: the outer horizontal boundary is Z, the inner horizontal boundary is B, the upper limit = BS, the lower limit = BX;

b3. Intersection operation

The operation method is the same as the above a3.

Step 3-3: and (4) splicing all the components to form a complete result airspace body.

The invention has the following advantages: the horizontal boundary, the vertical range and the geometric operation type of the airspace can be analyzed from the XML file conforming to the AIXM5.1 data standard; the horizontal boundaries of the two three-dimensional airspace bodies can be added, subtracted or intersected by a general GIS method to obtain a horizontal result polygon; the method can perform geometric operation on two three-dimensional airspace bodies in any position relation, and can quickly calculate the horizontal boundaries and the upper and lower height limits of a plurality of result airspace bodies. The three-dimensional shape calculation of the complex airspace body can be rapidly and simply carried out. Therefore, the calculation and display problems of the complex airspace body can be solved, and the fine requirements of departments such as air traffic control, airspace, flight and the like on the airspace are met.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the main steps of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a non-intuitive space for displaying domestic and foreign electronic charts.

Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a geometric operation method of a three-dimensional spatial domain provided in the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing 9 vertical relations between two spatial domains intersected in the horizontal range.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing 9 vertical relations between the spatial domain and the horizontal domain.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the shape of a spatial volume with two intersecting horizontal ranges before geometric operations are performed.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the result of the addition operation performed on the spatial domain in which two horizontal ranges intersect.

Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating the result of subtraction operation performed on the spatial domain in which two horizontal ranges intersect.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating the result of intersection operation performed on two spatial bins intersected in the horizontal range.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the shape of a spatial volume contained in two horizontal ranges before geometric computation.

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating the result of subtraction between spatial bins that are horizontally contained in two different ranges.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

The three-dimensional spatial domain geometric operation is an urgent problem to be solved in the field of civil aviation data processing at present. Due to the lack of a method for performing addition, subtraction or intersection geometric operation on an airspace body, the three-dimensional shape of a complex airspace cannot be determined, so that the vertical relation between a route and the airspace cannot be accurately judged, and the fine requirement of civil aviation units on airspace management cannot be met, as shown in fig. 2.

Based on this, the present application provides a geometric operation method of a three-dimensional spatial domain, as shown in fig. 1, the method mainly includes the steps of: acquiring horizontal boundaries, vertical ranges and geometric operation types of two three-dimensional airspace bodies participating in calculation; according to the horizontal boundaries and the geometric operation types of the two three-dimensional airspace bodies, a horizontal result polygon is solved by using a general GIS method; and calculating to obtain the three-dimensional shape of the result airspace body according to the horizontal result polygon, the vertical range of the two three-dimensional airspace bodies and the geometric operation type.

The specific operation method flow chart is shown in fig. 3, and the method comprises the following steps:

step S201, reading the data of the components of the composite airspace from the XML file conforming to the AIXM5.1 data standard, wherein the data comprises the horizontal boundary, the vertical range and the geometric operation type of each component.

The horizontal boundary is a horizontal polygon formed by a plurality of boundary points, the vertical range is an upper limit and a lower limit of two height values, and the geometric operation types comprise addition, subtraction and intersection. The specific method comprises the following steps:

acquiring information of each component of a composite Airspace from an < AIXM: Airspace > tag of an AIXM5.1 XML file;

obtaining horizontal boundary point coordinates of each part from an < AIXM: horizontal project > tag of the AIXM5.1 XML file;

obtaining upper and lower limit height values of each part of the vertical range from < AIXM: upperLimit > and < AIXM: lowerLimit > tags of the AIXM5.1 XML file;

the geometric operation type of each part is obtained from the < AIXM: operation > operator tag of the AIXM5.1 XML file. Wherein the operator "SUBTR" represents a subtraction operation; the operator "UNION" represents an addition operation; "INTERS" indicates that an intersection operation is performed.

And S202, performing two-dimensional geometric operation on the horizontal boundaries of the two three-dimensional airspace bodies by using a general GIS method. The method comprises the following steps:

step 2-1: the relative position relation of the horizontal boundaries of two three-dimensional airspaces is judged by using a general GIS method, and the obtained result has 3 conditions: disjoint, intersecting but not inclusive and fully inclusive relationships;

step 2-2: if the horizontal boundaries of the two three-dimensional space bodies are not intersected, returning a null value;

And S203, calculating to obtain the three-dimensional geometric shape of the result airspace body according to the horizontal result polygon, the vertical ranges of the two three-dimensional airspace bodies and the geometric operation type. The method comprises the following steps:

step 3-1: dividing the two three-dimensional airspace bodies into 9 relative vertical position relations according to the upper and lower limit heights of the vertical range of the two three-dimensional airspace bodies, as shown in fig. 4 and 5;

Step 3-2 comprises the following steps:

step 3-2-1: determining that the result space domain consists of several parts;

step 3-2-2: determining a horizontal boundary for each component;

step 3-2-3: the upper and lower limits of each component are determined.

a1. addition operation

As shown in fig. 4, the addition operation methods corresponding to the 9 position relationships are P1 to P9.

P1: add to form 2 bins: (positional relationship 1 in FIG. 4)

P2: add to form 1 spatial volume: (positional relationship 2 in FIG. 4)

P3: add to form 2 bins: (positional relationship 3 in FIG. 4)

P4: add to form 3 bins: (positional relationship 4 in FIG. 4)

P5: add to form 2 bins: (positional relationship 5 in FIG. 4)

P6: add to form 3 bins: (positional relationship 6 in FIG. 4)

P7: add to form 3 bins: (positional relationship 7 in FIG. 4)

P8: add to form 2 bins: (positional relationship 8 in FIG. 4)

P9: add to form 3 bins: (positional relationship 9 in FIG. 4)

For example, the positional relationship of two three-dimensional airspaces satisfying the positional relationship 9 in fig. 4 is shown in fig. 6, in which the main airspace is a polyhedron on the left side and the enclosed airspace is a cylinder on the right side. Fig. 7 shows a result space domain obtained by adding P9. The resulting airspace volume in fig. 7 consists of three parts, the upper end is a cylinder, the middle part consists of a polyhedron and a partial cylinder, and the lower end is a polyhedron.

a2. Subtraction operation

As shown in fig. 4, the subtraction methods corresponding to the 9 position relationships are M1 to M4.

M1: subtraction formed 1 spatial volume: (

positional relationships

2, 3, 7 and 8 in FIG. 4)

M2: the subtraction results in 2 bins: (

positional relationships

1 and 9 in FIG. 4)

M3: the subtraction results in 2 bins: (

positional relationships

5 and 6 in FIG. 4)

M4: subtraction formed 3 bins: (positional relationship 4 in FIG. 4)

For example, the positional relationship of two three-dimensional spatial volumes satisfying the positional relationship 9 in fig. 4 is shown in fig. 6, and the resultant spatial volume after subtraction by M2 is shown in fig. 8. The resulting airspace volume in fig. 8 consists of 2 segments, the upper end is the remainder of the polyhedron after the cylinder has been dug, and the lower end is a polyhedron.

a3. Intersection operation

As shown in fig. 4, the intersection calculation methods corresponding to the 9 position relationships are T1 to T4.

T1: intersecting to form 1 spatial volume: (

positional relationships

2, 3, 7 and 8 in FIG. 4)

T2: intersecting to form 1 spatial volume: (

positional relationships

1 and 9 in FIG. 4)

T3: intersecting to form 1 spatial volume: (

positional relationships

5 and 6 in FIG. 4)

T4: intersecting to form 1 spatial volume: (positional relationship 4 in FIG. 4)

For example, the positional relationship between two three-dimensional spatial volumes satisfying the positional relationship 9 in fig. 4 is shown in fig. 6, and the resultant spatial volume after the intersection calculation of T2 is shown in fig. 9. The resulting spatial volume in fig. 9 consists of 1 partial cylinder.

B, when the horizontal boundaries of the two three-dimensional spatial domains are mutually included, each geometric operation method comprises the following steps:

b1. addition operation

The operation method and result are the same as a1, and are not described in detail.

b2. Subtraction operation

when the main spatial horizontal range completely includes the spatial horizontal range, as shown in fig. 5, the subtraction operation methods corresponding to the 9 positional relationships are C1 to C4.

C1: the subtraction results in 2 spatial volumes. (

positional relationships

1 and 9 in FIG. 5)

C2: the subtraction results in 1 spatial volume. (

positional relationships

2, 3, 7 and 8 in FIG. 5)

C3: the subtraction results in 2 spatial volumes. (

positional relationships

5 and 6 in FIG. 5)

C4: the subtraction results in 3 spatial volumes. (positional relationship 4 in FIG. 5)

For example, fig. 10 shows the positional relationship between two three-dimensional spatial volumes satisfying the positional relationship 9 in fig. 5, and fig. 11 shows the resulting spatial volume in which the main spatial volume is a lower polyhedron and the enclosed spatial volume is an upper cylinder, and the subtraction operation C1 is performed between the two. The resulting airspace volume in FIG. 11 consists of 2 segments, the upper segment being a polyhedron with a hole in the middle and the lower segment being a polyhedron.

b3. Intersection operation

The operation method and result are the same as a3, and are not described in detail.

Step 3-3: and (4) splicing the components to form a complete result airspace body.

The above description is only one embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A geometric operation method of a three-dimensional spatial domain body is characterized by comprising the following steps:

2. The method of geometric operations of a three-dimensional spatial domain according to claim 1, wherein said step S201 is characterized by:

reading the horizontal boundary, the vertical range and the geometric operation type of the two three-dimensional spatial domains participating in calculation from an XML file conforming to the standard of an aviation data exchange model (AIXM 5.1).

3. The method of geometric operations of a three-dimensional spatial domain according to claim 1, wherein said step S202 comprises: the method comprises the following steps:

4. The method of geometric operations of a three-dimensional spatial domain according to claim 1, wherein said step S203 comprises: comprises the following steps:

step 3-1: according to the height of the upper limit and the lower limit of the vertical range of the two three-dimensional airspace bodies, the two three-dimensional airspace bodies are divided into 9 vertical position relations, and the dividing method is characterized in that:

other cases that the vertical range of the main space domain and the spatial domain has no overlapping part are not considered;

step 3-2: determining the horizontal boundary and the vertical range of each component of a result airspace body according to the horizontal position relation, the vertical position relation and the geometric operation type of the two three-dimensional airspace bodies;

5. The method of geometric operations of a three-dimensional spatial domain according to claim 4, wherein said step 3-2 comprises: comprises the following steps:

step 3-2-1: determining that the result space domain consists of several parts;

step 3-2-2: determining a horizontal boundary for each component;

step 3-2-3: the upper and lower limits of each component are determined.