CN113534310A - Diffusion film with uniform light diffusion and production process thereof - Google Patents
Diffusion film with uniform light diffusion and production process thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113534310A CN113534310A CN202110825241.XA CN202110825241A CN113534310A CN 113534310 A CN113534310 A CN 113534310A CN 202110825241 A CN202110825241 A CN 202110825241A CN 113534310 A CN113534310 A CN 113534310A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- diffusion
- embedding groove
- film
- diffusion sheet
- filter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
- G02B5/0205—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties
- G02B5/0236—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place within the volume of the element
- G02B5/0242—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place within the volume of the element by means of dispersed particles
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
- G02B5/0268—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the fabrication or manufacturing method
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
- G02B5/0273—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use
- G02B5/0278—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use used in transmission
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
- G02B5/0273—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use
- G02B5/0294—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use adapted to provide an additional optical effect, e.g. anti-reflection or filter
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a diffusion film with uniform light diffusion and a production process thereof, belonging to the technical field of diffusion films. The invention provides a diffusion film with uniform light diffusion and a production process thereof.A first light filter and a second light filter light rays with specific angles, so that the light rays passing through a lens layer are in a direction with stable angles, and the phenomenon that local light rays are too much or small is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of diffusion films, in particular to a diffusion film with uniform light diffusion and a production process thereof.
Background
The diffusion film is one of the most important optical films applied in a backlight module of a liquid crystal display, and has a main function of dispersing and homogenizing light emitted from a light source in the backlight. In order to achieve the condition of uniform light dispersion, the light is dispersed by utilizing the refractive index difference among resin, PET and organic particles and the filling and diffuse reflection functions of the organic particles, and the light has certain haze to shield the lamp shadow.
In order to achieve good light scattering and shielding effects, the following method is generally adopted to prepare the diffusion film: firstly, preparing a coating solution from solvent type resin glue, organic particles, a curing agent and an auxiliary agent according to a certain proportion, coating the coating solution on the surface of PET, volatilizing the solvent through an oven, curing and forming to form a glue layer with the organic particles on the surface of the PET, namely the diffusion film. The preparation of the diffusion membrane in this way requires the use of sophisticated coating equipment, the use of large amounts of organic solvents and certain requirements for process control. There are disadvantages from the viewpoint of cost, environment and health.
Because the connection part of the diffusion film and the fixing sheet is too much, the diffusion film is easy to wrinkle when being pasted, so that the diffusion film is pasted on the light guide plate irregularly; secondly, again because the diffuser film has too many sections attached to the anchor sheet, it diffuses light unevenly.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a diffusion film with uniform light diffusion and a manufacturing process thereof, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a diffusion barrier that light diffusion is even, includes diffusion piece, PET membrane, diffusion piece, anti-scratch layer and lens layer down, goes up diffusion piece, PET membrane, lens layer and diffusion piece down and from last stack in proper order down, and anti-scratch layer cladding is on last diffusion piece and the diffusion piece is located the outside surface down.
Further, the lens layer comprises a first optical filter, a second optical filter, an adhesive layer and a TFT substrate which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, the first optical filter, the TFT substrate and the second optical filter are sequentially overlapped from top to bottom, and the first optical filter, the TFT substrate and the second optical filter are fixed through the adhesive layer.
Furthermore, a first embedding groove and a second embedding groove are respectively processed on the opposite surfaces of the upper diffusion sheet and the lower diffusion sheet, the first embedding groove of the upper diffusion sheet is in contact connection with the top surface of the PET film, and the second embedding groove of the lower diffusion sheet is in contact connection with the bottom surface of the second optical filter.
Further, the length direction of the first embedding groove and the second embedding groove is inclined along the upper diffusion sheet and the lower diffusion sheet horizontal plane, the length inclination angle of the first embedding groove and the second embedding groove is the same, the height direction of the first embedding groove and the second embedding groove is inclined along the upper diffusion sheet and the lower diffusion sheet vertical plane, the height inclination angle of the first embedding groove and the second embedding groove is the same, and the first embedding groove and the second embedding groove are overlapped in the same direction, so that the first embedding groove and the second embedding groove are arranged in parallel at equal intervals.
Furthermore, the first embedding groove and the second embedding groove are filled with optical light diffusion particles, and the optical light diffusion particles are spherical and have different particle sizes.
The invention provides another technical scheme, which comprises a production process of a diffusion film with uniform light diffusion, and comprises the following steps;
s1: preparing a composition for a diffusion film;
s2: coating adhesive layers on the first optical filter, the second optical filter and the TFT substrate, adhering the first optical filter, the second optical filter and the TFT substrate together by using the adhesive layers, and attaching the PET film on the first optical filter;
s3: the upper diffusion sheet and the lower diffusion sheet are moved to a processing lathe, and a drill bit on the lathe processes the surfaces of the first optical filter and the second optical filter at an inclined angle to form a first embedding groove and a second embedding groove;
s4: and pouring a diffusion particle solution into the first embedding groove and the second embedding groove, placing the first embedding groove and the second embedding groove in a dryer for quick drying, and respectively bonding the upper diffusion sheet and the lower diffusion sheet on the PET film and the second optical filter.
Further, in the step S4, the first damascene trench and the second damascene trench have a trench depth in the range of 1 to 40 μm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a diffusion film with uniform light diffusion and a production process thereof, wherein a first light filter and a second light filter light rays with specific angles, the light rays passing through a lens layer are in a stable angle direction, the phenomenon that local light rays are too much or the local light rays are small is avoided, a first embedding groove and a second embedding groove are overlapped in the same direction, the first embedding groove and the second embedding groove are arranged in parallel at equal intervals, the light rays passing through the lens layer are refracted and scattered in multiple angles due to the inclined arrangement of the first embedding groove and the second embedding groove, and the refracted light rays are stably output when direct light enters, and are further uniformly diffused after being scattered in all the light rays entering the part.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a side view of a diffusion membrane of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the first and second slots of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the first and second slots of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a side view of the first and second slots of the present invention in another position;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the first and second slots of the present invention in another position;
in the figure: 1. an upper diffusion sheet; 11. a first damascene trench; 2. a PET film; 3. a lower diffusion sheet; 31. a second damascene groove; 4. an anti-scratch layer; 5. a lens layer; 51. a first optical filter; 52. a second optical filter; 53. a bonding layer; 54. and a TFT substrate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
referring to fig. 1, a diffusion film with uniform light diffusion includes an upper diffusion sheet 1, a PET film 2, a lower diffusion sheet 3, an anti-scratch layer 4, and a lens layer 5, wherein the upper diffusion sheet 1, the PET film 2, the lens layer 5, and the lower diffusion sheet 3 are sequentially stacked from top to bottom, and the anti-scratch layer 4 is coated on the outer surfaces of the upper diffusion sheet 1 and the lower diffusion sheet 3.
The lens layer 5 comprises a first optical filter 51, a second optical filter 52, an adhesive layer 53 and a TFT substrate 54 which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, the first optical filter 51, the TFT substrate 54 and the second optical filter 52 are sequentially overlapped from top to bottom, the first optical filter 51, the TFT substrate 54 and the second optical filter 52 are fixed through the adhesive layer 53, the first optical filter 51 and the second optical filter 52 filter light rays at specific angles, the light rays penetrating through the lens layer 5 are in a stable-angle direction, and excessive local light rays or small local light rays are avoided.
The opposite surfaces of the upper diffusion sheet 1 and the lower diffusion sheet 3 are respectively provided with a first embedding groove 11 and a second embedding groove 31, the first embedding groove 11 of the upper diffusion sheet 1 is in contact connection with the top surface of the PET film 2, and the second embedding groove 31 of the lower diffusion sheet 3 is in contact connection with the bottom surface of the second filter 52.
Referring to fig. 2 to 3, the first and second damascene grooves 11 and 31 are formed to have a length direction inclined along a horizontal plane of the upper and lower diffusion sheets 1 and 3, and have a length inclination angle equal to that of the first and second damascene grooves 11 and 31, and the first and second damascene grooves 11 and 31 are formed to have a height direction inclined along a vertical plane of the upper and lower diffusion sheets 1 and 3, and have a height inclination angle equal to that of the first and second damascene grooves 11 and 31, wherein the first and second damascene grooves 11 and 31 are stacked in the same direction such that the first and second damascene grooves 11 and 31 are arranged in parallel at equal intervals, and light passing through the lens layer 5 is refracted and scattered at multiple angles due to the inclined arrangement of the first and second damascene grooves 11 and 31, and the refracted light is stably output while the direct light enters, in all the light rays entering the section, further uniform diffusion is performed after dispersion.
A production process of a diffusion film with uniform light diffusion comprises the following steps;
the method comprises the following steps: preparing a composition for a diffusion film;
step two: the first optical filter 51, the second optical filter 52 and the TFT substrate 54 are coated with an adhesive layer 53, the first optical filter 51, the second optical filter 52 and the TFT substrate 54 are adhered together by the adhesive layer 53, and the PET film 2 is adhered to the first optical filter 51;
step three: the upper diffusion sheet 1 and the lower diffusion sheet 3 are moved to a processing lathe, and a drill on the lathe processes the surfaces of the first filter 51 and the second filter 52 at an inclined angle to form a first embedding groove 11 and a second embedding groove 31;
step four: and pouring the diffusion particle solution into the first embedding groove 11 and the second embedding groove 31, wherein the groove depth of the first embedding groove 11 and the second embedding groove 31 is within the range of 1-40 mu m, placing the first embedding groove 11 and the second embedding groove 31 in a dryer for fast drying, and respectively bonding the first embedding groove 11 and the second embedding groove 31 of the upper diffusion sheet 1 and the lower diffusion sheet 3 on the PET film 2 and the second optical filter 52 in parallel.
Example two:
referring to fig. 4 to 5, the first and second damascene grooves 11 and 31 are formed to be inclined in the longitudinal direction along the horizontal planes of the upper and lower diffusion sheets 1 and 3, and the first and second damascene grooves 11 and 31 have the same longitudinal inclination angle, the first and second damascene grooves 11 and 31 are formed to be inclined in the height direction along the vertical planes of the upper and lower diffusion sheets 1 and 3, and the first and second damascene grooves 11 and 31 have the same height inclination angle, wherein the first and second damascene grooves 11 and 31 are overlapped in opposite directions such that the first and second damascene grooves 11 and 31 are in a staggered position when viewed from the top, and light rays continue to pass through the second damascene groove 31 after passing through the first damascene groove 11 by the staggered arrangement, since the inclined planes of the first and second damascene grooves 11 and 31 are symmetrical, the refraction angles of the scattered light rays are consistent, and the diffusion range of the scattered light rays is enlarged.
A production process of a diffusion film with uniform light diffusion comprises the following steps;
the method comprises the following steps: preparing a composition for a diffusion film;
step two: the first optical filter 51, the second optical filter 52 and the TFT substrate 54 are coated with an adhesive layer 53, the first optical filter 51, the second optical filter 52 and the TFT substrate 54 are adhered together by the adhesive layer 53, and the PET film 2 is adhered to the first optical filter 51;
step three: the upper diffusion sheet 1 and the lower diffusion sheet 3 are moved to a processing lathe, and a drill on the lathe processes the surfaces of the first filter 51 and the second filter 52 at an inclined angle to form a first embedding groove 11 and a second embedding groove 31;
step four: and pouring the diffusion particle solution into the first embedding groove 11 and the second embedding groove 31, wherein the groove depth of the first embedding groove 11 and the second embedding groove 31 is within the range of 1-40 mu m, placing the first embedding groove 11 and the second embedding groove 31 in a dryer for fast drying, and the first embedding groove 11 and the second embedding groove 31 of the upper diffusion sheet 1 and the lower diffusion sheet 3 are alternately and respectively adhered to the PET film 2 and the second optical filter 52.
In conclusion; the invention relates to a diffusion film with uniform light diffusion and a production process thereof.A first light filter 51 and a second light filter 52 filter light rays with specific angles, so that the light rays passing through a lens layer 5 are in a direction with stable angles, and the phenomenon that local light rays are too much or small is avoided, when a first embedding groove 11 and a second embedding groove 31 are overlapped in the same direction, the first embedding groove 11 and the second embedding groove 31 are arranged in parallel at equal intervals, and through the parallel overlapping arrangement of the first embedding groove 11 and the second embedding groove 31, the light rays passing through the lens layer 5 can be refracted and scattered in multiple angles due to the inclined arrangement of the first embedding groove 11 and the second embedding groove 31, and when direct light enters, the refracted light is stably output, and is further uniformly diffused after being dispersed in all the light rays entering the part.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical solutions and the inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The diffusion film with the uniform light diffusion function is characterized by comprising an upper diffusion sheet (1), a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) film (2), a lower diffusion sheet (3), an anti-scratching layer (4) and a lens layer (5), wherein the upper diffusion sheet (1), the PET film (2), the lens layer (5) and the lower diffusion sheet (3) are sequentially overlapped from top to bottom, and the anti-scratching layer (4) is coated on the surface, outside the upper diffusion sheet (1) and the lower diffusion sheet (3).
2. The diffusion film for uniformly diffusing light according to claim 1, wherein the lens layer (5) comprises a first filter (51), a second filter (52), an adhesive layer (53) and a TFT substrate (54) which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, the first filter (51), the TFT substrate (54) and the second filter (52) are sequentially stacked from top to bottom, and the first filter (51), the TFT substrate (54) and the second filter (52) are fixed by the adhesive layer (53).
3. The diffusion film for uniformly diffusing light rays as claimed in claim 2, wherein the opposing surfaces of the upper diffusion sheet (1) and the lower diffusion sheet (3) are respectively provided with a first embedding groove (11) and a second embedding groove (31), the first embedding groove (11) of the upper diffusion sheet (1) is in contact connection with the top surface of the PET film (2), and the second embedding groove (31) of the lower diffusion sheet (3) is in contact connection with the bottom surface of the second filter (52).
4. The diffusion film for uniformly diffusing light according to claim 3, wherein the first and second damascene grooves (11, 31) have a length direction inclined along a horizontal plane of the upper and lower diffusion sheets (1, 3), and a length inclination angle of the first and second damascene grooves (11, 31) is the same, a height direction of the first and second damascene grooves (11, 31) is inclined along a vertical plane of the upper and lower diffusion sheets (1, 3), and a height inclination angle of the first and second damascene grooves (11, 31) is the same, wherein the first and second damascene grooves (11, 31) are overlapped in the same direction such that the first and second damascene grooves (11, 31) are arranged in parallel at an equal interval therebetween.
5. The diffuser film of claim 4, wherein the first and second damascene grooves (11, 31) are filled with optical diffusion particles, and the optical diffusion particles are spherical and have different particle sizes.
6. The process for producing a light diffusing film according to claim 5, comprising the steps of;
s1: preparing a composition for a diffusion film;
s2: the first optical filter (51), the second optical filter (52) and the TFT substrate (54) are coated with an adhesive layer (53), the first optical filter (51), the second optical filter (52) and the TFT substrate (54) are adhered together by the adhesive layer (53), and the PET film (2) is adhered to the first optical filter (51);
s3: the upper diffusion sheet (1) and the lower diffusion sheet (3) move to a processing lathe, and a drill on the lathe processes the surfaces of the first optical filter (51) and the second optical filter (52) at an inclined angle to form a first embedding groove (11) and a second embedding groove (31);
s4: and pouring diffusion particle solution into the first embedding groove (11) and the second embedding groove (31), placing the solution into a dryer for quick drying, and respectively bonding the upper diffusion sheet (1) and the lower diffusion sheet (3) on the PET film (2) and the second optical filter (52).
7. The process for producing a diffusion film with uniform light diffusion according to claim 6, wherein the first damascene groove (11) and the second damascene groove (31) have groove depths within a range of 1 to 40 μm for S4.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110825241.XA CN113534310B (en) | 2021-07-21 | 2021-07-21 | Diffusion film with uniform light diffusion and production process thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110825241.XA CN113534310B (en) | 2021-07-21 | 2021-07-21 | Diffusion film with uniform light diffusion and production process thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113534310A true CN113534310A (en) | 2021-10-22 |
| CN113534310B CN113534310B (en) | 2023-04-18 |
Family
ID=78100800
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110825241.XA Active CN113534310B (en) | 2021-07-21 | 2021-07-21 | Diffusion film with uniform light diffusion and production process thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113534310B (en) |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104238182A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2014-12-24 | 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 | Liquid crystal display device |
| CN204883067U (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2015-12-16 | 河南中基阳光电子技术有限公司 | 45 light filter assembly device |
| CN105974641A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-09-28 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display device and color-film substrate thereof |
| CN107726142A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-02-23 | 友达光电（苏州）有限公司 | Backlight module and display device |
| CN209264993U (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-08-16 | 深圳市津田电子有限公司 | A kind of complex optics diffusion barrier |
| CN111399287A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-07-10 | 马鞍山东毅新材料科技有限公司 | Arc-shaped diffusion film for L CD backlight source and preparation method thereof |
| CN212460260U (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2021-02-02 | 深圳市诺威电子有限公司 | Diffusion film and polarizing plate with same |
-
2021
- 2021-07-21 CN CN202110825241.XA patent/CN113534310B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104238182A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2014-12-24 | 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 | Liquid crystal display device |
| CN204883067U (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2015-12-16 | 河南中基阳光电子技术有限公司 | 45 light filter assembly device |
| CN105974641A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-09-28 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display device and color-film substrate thereof |
| CN107726142A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-02-23 | 友达光电（苏州）有限公司 | Backlight module and display device |
| CN209264993U (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-08-16 | 深圳市津田电子有限公司 | A kind of complex optics diffusion barrier |
| CN212460260U (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2021-02-02 | 深圳市诺威电子有限公司 | Diffusion film and polarizing plate with same |
| CN111399287A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-07-10 | 马鞍山东毅新材料科技有限公司 | Arc-shaped diffusion film for L CD backlight source and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113534310B (en) | 2023-04-18 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102519010B (en) | Composite optical film and backlight module using same | |
| CN102508326A (en) | Optical diffusion barrier with high haze and high brightness and liquid crystal display backlight source using optical diffusion barrier | |
| WO2018155304A1 (en) | Luminance equalizing member, backlight unit, and liquid crystal display device | |
| US10816853B2 (en) | Backlight module and liquid crystal display device | |
| CN110908193A (en) | Diffusion film applied to Mini-LED array light source | |
| CN111399287B (en) | Arc-shaped diffusion film for LCD backlight source and preparation method thereof | |
| TWM613917U (en) | Backlight apparatus | |
| CN101329414A (en) | Light-collecting compound sheet | |
| CN106154368B (en) | A kind of multi-functional complex optical film | |
| US20210080617A1 (en) | Antireflective film, display device and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN113534310B (en) | Diffusion film with uniform light diffusion and production process thereof | |
| CN209148898U (en) | If the diffusion barrier and backlight module and liquid crystal module and terminal device of prism structure | |
| US8425067B2 (en) | Composite diffuser structure and backlight module | |
| CN206818900U (en) | A kind of high transmittance haze optical diffusion | |
| CN210924005U (en) | Multilayer laminating optical film | |
| US7883768B2 (en) | Backlight module, diffusion plate and method of manufacturing the same | |
| CN202631769U (en) | Optical film with brightening and diffusion functions | |
| CN209496159U (en) | A kind of complex optical film that high brightness height covers | |
| CN107422530A (en) | A kind of high sprayed film for covering high brightness and preparation method thereof | |
| US20160370511A1 (en) | Diffusion sheet, backlight module and liquid crystal display device | |
| CN215641914U (en) | Promote light utilization rate's full laminating glass diffuser plate | |
| CN209280960U (en) | A kind of diffusion barrier with blank area, backlight module and liquid crystal module | |
| CN219201971U (en) | Optical diffusion composite film and backlight module | |
| CN204666844U (en) | For the diffusion barrier sheet of backlight module | |
| CN204287528U (en) | Tool hides flaw blooming |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |