CN113533361B - Visual characterization method for insulation failure of lithium ion battery - Google Patents
Visual characterization method for insulation failure of lithium ion battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN113533361B CN113533361B CN202110711600.9A CN202110711600A CN113533361B CN 113533361 B CN113533361 B CN 113533361B CN 202110711600 A CN202110711600 A CN 202110711600A CN 113533361 B CN113533361 B CN 113533361B
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- insulation failure
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- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GSNUFIFRDBKVIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N DMF Natural products CC1=CC=C(C)O1 GSNUFIFRDBKVIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930182559 Natural dye Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000978 natural dye Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000979 synthetic dye Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009421 internal insulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010016766 flatulence Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012858 packaging process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012536 packaging technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/91—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination using penetration of dyes, e.g. fluorescent ink
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of lithium ion batteries, and discloses a visual characterization method for insulation failure of a lithium ion battery in order to overcome the defect of insufficient tracing capability of an insulation failure passage in the prior art. And locking an insulation failure area by a failure point locking method, chemically stripping the aluminum plastic film to obtain an independent PP layer, coating a tracer on one side of the PP layer, sealing, and dripping a solvent on the other side of the PP layer to enable the solvent to pass through the insulation failure passage and dissolve the tracer under the action of capillary action and gravity, and diffusing the dissolved tracer in the insulation failure passage to achieve the visual effect of the insulation failure passage. The visual characterization method of the battery insulation failure can simply, conveniently and quickly perform visual characterization on the insulation failure points, the insulation failure paths and the surface defect points, and provides an important reference basis for insulation failure mode analysis and process adjustment improvement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a visual characterization method for insulation failure of a lithium ion battery.
Background
The poor internal insulation of lithium ion batteries, especially the poor internal insulation of soft package lithium ion batteries can cause the loss of battery electric quantity, relates to the battery self-discharge problem, and when serious, the internal insulation can also cause the battery package failure, and along with the continuation of the service time, once the problem appears, not only makes the enterprise face huge after-sales pressure, but also can cause the safety problem of battery and battery system.
In order to screen out the battery with poor internal insulation before the battery leaves the factory, the industry usually tests the actual insulation resistance between negative pole and plastic-aluminum membrane aluminium layer after the assembly is accomplished, chinese patent publication No. CN203519797U discloses a soft package lithium ion battery corrodes flatulence hidden danger detection device, a serial communication port, including control box, short circuit tester and test cylinder, the control box sets up on the operation panel, the fixed test cylinder of control box lateral part, the piston rod end connection insulation test seat of test cylinder is equipped with steel bayonet knife and copper probe on the insulation test seat, bayonet knife and probe are connected with the short circuit tester electricity. The method has the defects that although the battery core with poor insulation can be detected, the specific position of an insulation failure point cannot be known by adopting an insulation resistance test method, and other problems such as gas production and the like are avoided by adopting the design of electrolyte lean solution in the lithium ion battery, so that the detection method is often incomplete in effectiveness and the problem that the inner insulation battery core flows out is difficult to solve fundamentally.
Chinese patent publication No. CN104390957B discloses a method for detecting an aluminum plastic film, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: taking an aluminum plastic film to be detected, and injecting a copper sulfate solution into the concave cavity of the aluminum plastic film to be detected to fill the concave cavity with the copper sulfate solution; placing a positive electrode lug and a negative electrode lug on the aluminum plastic film to be tested, conducting the positive electrode lug and the negative electrode lug with the copper sulfate solution, and packaging the aluminum plastic film concave cavity filled with the copper sulfate solution, so that the positive electrode lug and the negative electrode lug are fixed and protrude out of the aluminum plastic film; and respectively connecting the positive and negative lugs with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a power supply, opening the aluminum plastic film to be tested after the power is electrified for a preset time to check whether a red part exists, and judging that the part of the aluminum plastic film to be tested is defective if the red part exists. The method has the defects that the packaging technology of the soft package is the most complex technology in the lithium ion battery, the highest difficulty of the technology relates to various problems in the packaging process, meanwhile, the requirement on the process stability is extremely high, the continuous guarantee is often difficult in the actual production process, the position of an insulation failure point can be judged through the replacement reaction, the direct connection relation of the failure point cannot be judged, the internal insulation failure problem in the battery packaging is difficult to fully recognize, the adjustment of the technological process cannot be directly guided, the detection process is complex, and the technical requirement is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a visual characterization method for the insulation failure of a lithium ion battery, which is simple, convenient, quick, capable of detecting in real time and accurately positioning the insulation failure point and visually displaying the insulation failure passage, and aims to overcome the defect of insufficient tracing capability of the insulation failure passage in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a visual characterization method for insulation failure of a lithium ion battery comprises the following steps:
A) Locking an insulation failure area on the PP layer by adopting a failure point locking method on the aluminum plastic film layer;
B) Chemical stripping is carried out on the lithium ion battery aluminum-plastic film to obtain a PP layer of the aluminum-plastic film;
C) Coating a tracer on one side of the insulation failure area of the PP layer, airing, and sealing by a sealing layer;
D) And (3) placing the side of the PP layer coated with the tracer downwards under an optical microscope, dripping a solvent into a failure area at the side not coated with the tracer, and observing to determine surface defect points, insulation failure points and insulation failure paths.
An insulation failure area is locked by adopting a failure point locking method, so that the area of the area to be tested is reduced, and the insulation failure channel is conveniently and pertinently detected; the PP layer is chemically stripped, so that mechanical damage caused by physical stripping is prevented, and the insulation failure point and the insulation failure path of the PP layer cannot be increased or changed due to the fact that the PP layer is strong in acid and alkali resistance; the common penetrating agent has stronger penetrating performance, the PP layer can be infected to a certain extent to cause interference, the detection of an insulation failure channel is not facilitated, the tracer with weak penetrating capability is coated, one side of the PP layer is sealed, and the interference of penetrating effect and exogenous chromatic light is eliminated; when the solvent is dripped on the other side of the PP layer, the solvent penetrates through the insulation failure passage under the action of gravity and capillary action, and the solvent dissolves the tracer, so that the insulation failure passage is filled with the tracer solution, and the insulation failure point, the insulation failure passage and the surface defects can be directly observed under an optical microscope.
In the step A, the failure point locking method is one of a negative electrode short circuit aluminum plastic film aluminum layer corrosion method or an electroplating solution electroplating method.
In the step B, the chemical stripping agent is at least one of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide solution.
Further, in the step C, the tracer is at least one of a natural dye, a synthetic dye and an organic oil-based ink.
Further, in step C, the tracer is marker ink.
Further, in step C, the sealing layer is an opaque adhesive tape of the same color as the tracer.
Further, in the step D, the solvent is at least one of methanol, ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, DMF, dichloromethane, cyclohexane and petroleum ether.
In the step D, the tracer dissolves and penetrates through the insulation failure areas on both sides of the PP layer to form insulation failure paths, the intersection points of the insulation failure paths and the insulation failure areas are insulation failure points, and the staining points in the rest insulation failure areas are surface defect points.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects: through the dissolution of the solvent on the tracer, the solution of the tracer penetrates through the insulation failure path, so that the insulation failure path is visualized, and the insulation failure mode is fully known; the intersection point of the insulation failure passage and the insulation failure area is the insulation failure point, and the insulation failure point can be distinguished from the surface defect. The visual characterization method of the battery insulation failure provided by the invention is rapid and simple in tracing of the insulation failure point, the insulation failure path and the surface defect, can detect in real time, and provides an important reference basis for the insulation failure mode analysis and the procedure adjustment improvement of the lithium ion battery.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a graph showing the result of locking the insulation failure area 1 by using the negative electrode short circuit aluminum plastic film aluminum layer corrosion method.
Fig. 2 is an observation of the failure zone determined in fig. 1 under an optical microscope.
Fig. 3 is a graph showing the comparison of the before and after dropping solvent in the insulation failure detection of the PP layer under the optical microscope.
Fig. 4 is an observation of the insulation-failure channel detected in fig. 3 under an optical microscope.
1, An insulation failure area; 2. surface defect points; 3. an adhesive interface; 4. interface defect points; 41. a first interface defect point; 42. a second interface defect point; 43. a third interface defect point; 5. a local defect; 6. an insulation failure path; 71. a first insulation failure point; 72. a second insulation failure point.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and detailed description.
A) Processing the aluminum plastic film by using a negative electrode short circuit aluminum plastic film aluminum layer corrosion method, and determining an insulation failure area 1 on the PP layer as shown in fig. 1;
B) Treating the aluminum plastic film with insulation failure by using 2M sodium hydroxide, dissolving the aluminum foil layer, and stripping the PP layer; observing the insulation failure area 1 under an optical microscope, as shown in fig. 2, a large number of surface defect points 2 formed in the heat sealing process on one side of the PP layer can be clearly observed, a plurality of interface defect points 4 can be clearly observed on the bonding interface 3, a plurality of local defects 5 can be observed on the other side of the bonding interface 3, and the insulation failure channel is formed by interconnecting and penetrating the surface defect points, the interface defect points and the local defects;
c) Coating black marker ink which completely covers the insulation failure area 1 on one side of the PP layer, naturally airing, and pasting a black adhesive tape to completely cover the insulation failure area 1;
D) As shown in fig. 3a, the side of the PP layer coated with the black marker ink is directed downwards, and is placed under an optical microscope, a drop of ethanol is dripped into the failure area on the side not coated with the tracer, and the insulation failure area 1 is observed, as shown in fig. 3b, under the action of gravity and capillary action, the solvent rapidly diffuses in the insulation failure channel 6, and the black marker ink on the lower side is dissolved, so that the insulation failure channel 6 becomes clearly visible; as shown in fig. 4, when the insulation-failure channel 6 traced by the black marker ink is further enlarged and observed, it is seen that the adjacent first interface defect point 41, second interface defect point 42 and third interface defect point 43 are dyed on the PP layer bonding interface, and only the local defect 5 is dyed among all the observable local defects, which means that the local defect 5 participates in the formation of the insulation-failure channel 6, thereby determining the second insulation-failure point 72 connected with the local defect 5; in addition, it can be seen that the first insulation failure point 71, the first interface defect point 41, the local defect 5, and the second insulation failure point 72 are connected to each other to form a penetrating insulation failure path 6; since the solvent cannot enter the independent internal defects and cannot enter the independent local defect areas through the surface defect points, and the second interface defect point 42 and the third interface defect point 43 on the bonding interface 3 are also dyed by the black marker ink, it is shown that the second interface defect point 42 and the third interface defect point 43 are not independent internal defects, are not independent local defects obtained by extending from the surface defect point 2 to the bonding interface 3, but are communicated with the interface defect point 41, form a larger defect area, and participate in the formation of the insulation failure channel 6, and the solvent enters the dyeing. The black marker ink is used for dyeing the first insulation failure point 71, the first interface defect point 41, the second interface defect point 42, the third interface defect point 43, the local defect 5 and the second insulation failure point 72, so that the visualization degree of the insulation failure channel 6 is improved, the failure mode is clearly and completely displayed, and a guiding direction is provided for the relevant professionals to adjust and optimize the technological process.
Claims (6)
1. The visual characterization method of the lithium ion battery insulation failure is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
a) The insulation failure area on the PP layer is locked by adopting a failure point locking method for the aluminum plastic film layer, wherein the failure point locking method is a negative electrode short circuit aluminum plastic film aluminum layer corrosion method or an electroplating solution electroplating method;
B) Chemical stripping is carried out on the lithium ion battery aluminum-plastic film to obtain a PP layer of the aluminum-plastic film;
c) Coating a tracer on one side of the insulation failure area of the PP layer, airing, and sealing by a sealing layer;
d) Placing the side of the PP layer coated with the tracer downwards under an optical microscope, dripping a solvent into a failure area at the side not coated with the tracer, observing, and determining a surface defect point, an insulation failure point and an insulation failure passage; the tracer dissolves and penetrates through insulation failure areas on two sides of the PP layer to form insulation failure paths, the intersection points of the insulation failure paths and the insulation failure areas are insulation failure points, and the staining points in the rest insulation failure areas are surface defect points.
2. The method for visually characterizing insulation failure of a lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein in the step B, at least one of the reagents of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide solution is used for chemical stripping.
3. The method for visual characterization of insulation failure of a lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein in the step C, the tracer is at least one of a natural dye, a synthetic dye and an organic oil-based ink.
4. A method for visually characterizing insulation failure of a lithium ion battery according to claim 1 or 3, wherein in the step C, the tracer is marker ink.
5. The method for visual characterization of insulation failure of a lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein in the step C, the sealing layer is an opaque adhesive tape with the same color as the tracer.
6. The method for visual characterization of insulation failure of a lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein in the step D, the solvent is at least one of methanol, ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, DMF, dichloromethane, cyclohexane, and petroleum ether.
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CN107783052B (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2020-02-28 | 万向一二三股份公司 | Soft package lithium ion battery insulation test method |
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CN112366365A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2021-02-12 | 万向一二三股份公司 | Thermal composite laminated soft package lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof |
CN112462146A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-03-09 | 北京邮电大学 | Method for detecting salt drops of electrode material resisting electrochemical migration insulation failure |
CN112563574A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-26 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | Packaging method for reducing poor insulation of soft package lithium battery |
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CN101181853A (en) * | 2007-11-28 | 2008-05-21 | 林其武 | Method for making surface pattern by employing water transfer printing |
CN103115926A (en) * | 2013-01-22 | 2013-05-22 | 清华大学 | Detection method for tree-like aging defect of cable insulation material |
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