CN113533290B - High-enthalpy flow field atomic concentration calibration system and method - Google Patents
High-enthalpy flow field atomic concentration calibration system and method Download PDFInfo
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of flow field measurement and calibration, in particular to a system and a method for calibrating the concentration of atoms in a high-enthalpy flow field. The calibration system provides a calibration source of the same atom at normal temperature, the same pulse laser is used for beam splitting and is simultaneously guided into two different cavities, unsaturated excitation is carried out on the atoms for calibration and the atoms to be calibrated which are respectively positioned in the two cavities to generate fluorescent signals, the same laser attribute can be ensured, under the condition that the parameters of an optical system are the same, the concentration of the atoms in a flow field to be calibrated is linked with the concentration of the atoms for calibration through the intensity of the fluorescent signals, the laser energy and the concentration of the atoms, and the calibration of the concentration of the atoms to be calibrated is realized. The calibration method realizes the calibration of the atomic concentration in the high enthalpy flow field through a calibration system, and obtains the atomic concentration for calibration by adopting a chemical titration method, thereby realizing the quantification and tracing of data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of flow field measurement and calibration, in particular to a system and a method for calibrating the concentration of atoms in a high-enthalpy flow field.
Background
The flow field generated in the high-enthalpy wind tunnel is a high-enthalpy chemical unbalanced flow field, and the high-enthalpy wind tunnel is used for researches on the aspects of spectral analysis, material synthesis and modification, plasma spraying, harmful chemical destruction, waste treatment, hypersonic aircraft aerodynamic heat and reentry physics problems and the like at home and abroad. The flow field contains a large amount of oxygen and nitrogen atoms, so that strong oxidation and catalysis effects can be generated on various models and materials placed in the flow field, the damage effect of the models and the materials in a high-temperature environment can be obviously improved, and the safety of the models and the materials is reduced.
Therefore, the concentration of oxygen and nitrogen atoms in the flow field needs to be measured and the content of the oxygen and nitrogen atoms needs to be known so as to find out the rule of the influence of the oxygen and nitrogen atoms on the material. At present, the atomic concentration measurement is mainly performed by using an emission spectroscopy method, an absorption spectroscopy method, and a fluorescence method based on a Two-photon absorption laser-induced fluorescence (TALIF) technique. When the emission spectroscopy and the absorption spectroscopy are used for measurement, the average value of the concentration along the collecting path is obtained, and the concentration at a specific certain space position cannot be really determined, wherein the concentration is obtained by theoretical calculation. However, the fluorescence method based on the two-photon absorption laser-induced fluorescence technology can only obtain the equivalent concentration of atoms, and if the absolute concentration is to be obtained more accurately, calibration is required.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The invention aims to provide a system and a method for calibrating the concentration of an atom in a high-enthalpy flow field based on a two-photon absorption laser induced fluorescence technology.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a system for calibrating an atomic concentration in a high enthalpy flow field, including:
a laser for emitting laser to the spectroscope;
the spectroscope is used for splitting the laser irradiated on the spectroscope and simultaneously introducing the laser into the calibration source cavity and the high-enthalpy flow field cavity, and the atoms for calibration positioned in the calibration source cavity are excited by unsaturation to generate a first fluorescence signal, and the atoms to be calibrated positioned in the high-enthalpy flow field cavity are excited by unsaturation to generate a second fluorescence signal;
the first fluorescence signal acquisition device is used for acquiring a first fluorescence signal;
the second fluorescence signal acquisition device is used for acquiring a second fluorescence signal;
the parameters of the fluorescence signal collection detection of the first fluorescence signal collection device and the parameters of the fluorescence signal collection detection of the second fluorescence signal collection device are set to be consistent;
the microwave discharge device is communicated with the front end of the calibration source cavity and is used for dissociating the gas to be dissociated into atoms for calibration;
the vacuum pump is communicated with the rear end of the calibration source cavity;
the titration device is communicated with the calibration source cavity and is used for titrating the reaction gas into the calibration source cavity and obtaining the flow of the titrated reaction gas, and the titrated reaction gas and the atoms for calibration can react at the same ratio; and
and the data acquisition device is used for acquiring time sequence signals of laser emitted by the laser and receiving the fluorescent signals acquired by the first fluorescent signal acquisition device and the second fluorescent signal acquisition device.
Optionally, the first fluorescence signal collecting device and the second fluorescence signal collecting device are both photomultiplier tubes.
Optionally, the titration apparatus includes a mass flow meter and a titration gas inlet pipe, the mass flow meter is communicated with one end of the titration gas inlet pipe, and the other end of the titration gas inlet pipe is communicated with the calibration source cavity.
In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a method for calibrating an atomic concentration in a high enthalpy flow field, where the method uses any one of the high enthalpy flow field atomic concentration calibration systems in the first aspect to perform calibration, and includes the following steps:
setting the parameters of the fluorescence signal collection detection of the first fluorescence signal collection device and the second fluorescence signal collection device to be consistent;
introducing gas to be dissociated into a microwave discharge device, dissociating the gas to be dissociated into calibration atoms, and allowing the calibration atoms to enter a calibration source cavity under the action of a vacuum pump;
the laser emits laser, the spectroscope splits the received laser and guides the laser into the calibration source cavity and the high-enthalpy flow field cavity at the same time, the atoms for calibration located in the calibration source cavity are excited in an unsaturated mode to generate a first fluorescent signal, and the atoms to be calibrated located in the high-enthalpy flow field cavity are excited in an unsaturated mode to generate a second fluorescent signal; collecting a first fluorescence signal through a first fluorescence signal collecting device, and collecting a second fluorescence signal through a second fluorescence signal collecting device;
titrating reaction gas into the calibration source cavity through a titration device, wherein the reaction gas can react with calibration atoms in the same ratio, observing a first fluorescence signal acquired by a first fluorescence signal acquisition device through a data acquisition device, gradually weakening the first fluorescence signal until the first fluorescence signal disappears completely along with the increase of the reaction gas, recording the flow of the titration reaction gas when the first fluorescence signal disappears, and calculating to obtain the concentration of the calibration atoms in the calibration source cavity;
under the condition that the atom concentration for calibration, the laser energy led into the calibration source cavity, the intensity of the first fluorescence signal, the laser energy led into the high enthalpy flow field cavity and the intensity of the second fluorescence signal are known, according to the relational expression:
the following relationship is obtained: the ratio of the intensity of the first fluorescence signal to the square of the laser energy introduced into the calibration source cavity to the ratio of the intensity of the second fluorescence signal to the square of the laser energy introduced into the high enthalpy flow field cavity is equal to the ratio of the atomic concentration for calibration to the atomic concentration to be calibrated, and the atomic concentration to be calibrated is obtained through calibration;
wherein S is fluorescenceIntensity of light signal, E 2 N is the atomic concentration.
Optionally, when the atoms to be calibrated are oxygen atoms, introducing oxygen into the microwave discharge device, and titrating the reaction gas into the calibration source cavity through a titration device to obtain nitrogen dioxide;
when the calibration atoms are nitrogen atoms, the gas to be dissociated introduced into the microwave discharge device is nitrogen, and the titration reaction gas is nitric oxide in the calibration source cavity through the titration device.
(III) advantageous effects
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages: the atomic concentration calibration system in the high enthalpy flow field provided by the invention provides a calibration source of the same atom at normal temperature, the same pulse laser is divided into beams and is simultaneously guided into two different cavities, unsaturated excitation is respectively carried out on the calibration atom and the atom to be calibrated in the two cavities to generate fluorescent signals, the same laser attribute can be ensured, and under the condition that the parameters of an optical system are the same, the atomic concentration of the calibration flow field and the molar concentration of the calibration atom can be linked through the fluorescent signal intensity, the laser energy and the atomic concentration, so that the calibration of the atomic concentration to be calibrated is realized.
According to the method for calibrating the concentration of the atoms in the high-enthalpy flow field, the same pulse laser is divided into beams by using a calibration source of the same atom at normal temperature and is simultaneously guided into two different cavities, the calibration atoms and the atoms to be calibrated which are respectively positioned in the two cavities are excited in an unsaturated mode to generate fluorescence signals, the same laser attributes can be ensured, and under the condition that the parameters of an optical system are the same, the concentration of the atoms in the calibration flow field and the concentration of the atoms to be calibrated are linked through the intensity of the fluorescence signals, the energy of the laser and the concentration of the atoms, so that the concentration of the atoms to be calibrated is calibrated. And (3) obtaining the atomic concentration for calibration by adopting a chemical titration method, and realizing the quantification and tracing of data.
Drawings
The drawings of the present invention are provided for illustrative purposes only, and the proportion and the number of the components in the drawings do not necessarily correspond to those of an actual product.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an atomic concentration calibration system in a high enthalpy flow field according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the components of a calibration source chamber and its peripheral portion according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1: a first fluorescence signal acquisition device; 2: a second fluorescent signal acquisition device; 3: a high enthalpy flow field cavity; 4: a laser; 5: a beam splitter; 6: calibrating a source cavity; 7: a microwave discharge device; 8: a vacuum pump; 9: a titration device; 91: a mass flow meter; 92: a titration gas inlet tube; 10: and D, a data acquisition device.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the system for calibrating the concentration of an atom in a high enthalpy flow field according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a first fluorescence signal collecting device 1, a second fluorescence signal collecting device 2, a laser 4, a spectroscope 5, a calibration source cavity 6, a microwave discharging device 7, a vacuum pump 8, a titration device 9, and a data collecting device 10.
In the high enthalpy flow field atomic concentration calibration system, a laser is used for being split by a spectroscope and then is simultaneously guided into the high enthalpy flow field cavity 3 and the calibration source cavity 6, and the parameters of the fluorescence signal collection and detection of the first fluorescence signal collection device 1 and the second fluorescence signal collection device 2 are set to be consistent, so that the same optical system parameters in the calibration system are ensured. It should be noted that the parameters for collecting and detecting the fluorescence signals of the first fluorescence signal collecting device 1 and the second fluorescence signal collecting device 2 are set to be consistent, and the parameters can be realized by optical design, which is the prior art in the field and will not be described herein again.
The first fluorescence signal collecting device 1 and the second fluorescence signal collecting device 2 may employ a fluorescence collecting or imaging system such as a photomultiplier tube or an ICCD (enhanced charge coupled device). The first fluorescence signal collecting device 1 is used for collecting a first fluorescence signal generated by a calibration atom, and the calibration atom is located in the calibration source cavity 6. The second fluorescence signal acquisition device 2 is used for a second fluorescence signal generated by an atom to be calibrated, the atom to be calibrated is located in the high enthalpy flow field cavity 3, and the high enthalpy flow field cavity 3 is generally a test section cavity of a high enthalpy wind tunnel in this embodiment.
The microwave discharge device 7 is communicated with the front end of the calibration source cavity 6 and is used for dissociating the gas to be dissociated into atoms for calibration. The vacuum pump 8 is communicated with the rear end of the calibration source cavity 6 to provide power, so that the calibration atoms enter the calibration source cavity 6 to form a flow field, gas generated after titration reaction is continuously discharged out of the calibration source cavity 6, and simultaneously, newly dissociated calibration atoms are pumped into the calibration source cavity 6, and the calibration atoms entering the calibration source cavity 6 completely react with the continuously injected reaction gas before being discharged out of the calibration source cavity 6, so that a stable calibration source is established.
The laser 4 emits laser to the spectroscope 5, the spectroscope 5 splits the same pulse laser and guides the same pulse laser into the calibration source cavity 6 and the high enthalpy flow field cavity 3 simultaneously, and the same laser property is ensured. Wherein the laser energy directed into the calibration source cavity 6 is E c The laser energy led into the high enthalpy flow field cavity 3 is E t . It should be noted that the laser 4 emits laser energy satisfying the following requirements: the light is split by the spectroscope 5 and guided into the calibration source cavity 6 and the excitation atoms in the high-enthalpy flow field cavity 3 to generate fluorescence which is unsaturated excitation. It should be noted that the energy of each laser beam split by the beam splitter can be directly determined, which is the prior art and is not described herein again.
The laser excites the atoms for calibration and the high enthalpy flow field cavity 3 to be calibrated which are respectively positioned in the calibration source cavity 6 to generate fluorescence signals. Collecting a first fluorescent signal generated by the atom for calibration by a first fluorescent signal collecting device, wherein the intensity of the first fluorescent signal is S c Collecting the product of the atoms to be calibrated by a second fluorescence signal collecting deviceGenerating a second fluorescent signal having an intensity S t . It should be noted that, in some special cases, for example, when the light path direction needs to be changed to be introduced into the calibration source cavity 6 or the high enthalpy flow field cavity 3 in a field situation, the light path direction may be changed by using a mirror, and for those skilled in the art, changing the light path direction by using a mirror is a conventional technical means in the art, and is not described herein again.
The data acquisition device 10 acquires a time sequence signal of laser emitted by the laser 4 and receives fluorescent signals acquired by the first fluorescent signal acquisition device 1 and the second fluorescent signal acquisition device 2. The data acquisition device 10 may employ a computer and corresponding software to implement data acquisition and analysis, which is prior art and will not be described herein.
Titrating reaction gas into the calibration source cavity 6 through the titration device 9, enabling the reaction gas to react with calibration atoms in the same ratio, observing a first fluorescence signal acquired by the first fluorescence signal acquisition device through the data acquisition device 10, gradually weakening the first fluorescence signal until the first fluorescence signal disappears completely along with the increase of the reaction gas, recording the flow of the titration reaction gas when the first fluorescence signal disappears, and directly calculating to obtain the concentration n of the calibration atoms due to the fact that the titration reaction gas and the calibration atoms react in 1:1 in the generated chemical reaction c . In the measurement based on the two-photon absorption laser-induced fluorescence technology, when laser is excited in an unsaturated way, the intensity S of a fluorescence signal and the square E of laser energy 2 Is proportional to the atomic concentration n, i.e. satisfies the following relation:
wherein S is the intensity of the fluorescence signal, E is the laser energy, and n is the atomic concentration.
Laser is split by a spectroscope 5 and is simultaneously guided into a calibration source cavity 6 and a high-enthalpy flow field cavity 3 to obtain fluorescence intensity signals of calibration atoms and atoms to be calibrated excited by the same pulse laser, and under the condition that optical system parameters are the same, the concentration n of the calibration atoms is known c Laser energy E led into the calibration source cavity c Intensity S of the first fluorescence signal c Laser energy E led into high enthalpy flow field cavity t And the intensity S of the second fluorescent signal t According to the relation:
then the atomic concentration n to be calibrated in the high enthalpy flow field cavity 3 is obtained by calibration t 。
More specifically, the atomic concentration for calibration satisfies the relational expression
In the relational expression, the intensity S of the first fluorescence signal c The intensity of the fluorescence signal collected before the titration reaction was not performed. The concentration of atoms to be calibrated in the high enthalpy flow field cavity 3 satisfies the relational expression
Under the condition of obtaining fluorescence intensity signals of the calibration atoms and the atoms to be calibrated which are excited by the same pulse laser and the same optical system parameters, the concentration n of the atoms to be calibrated t And atomic concentration n for calibration c Has the following relationships: the ratio of the intensity of the first fluorescence signal to the square of the laser energy directed into the calibration source cavity
The ratio of the intensity of the second fluorescence signal to the square of the laser energy introduced into the high enthalpy flow field cavity
Is equal to the atomic concentration n for calibration c With the atomic concentration n to be calibrated t Ratio of
Therefore, at a known calibration atomic concentration n c Laser energy E introduced into the calibration source cavity c Intensity S of the first fluorescence signal c Laser energy E led into high-enthalpy flow field cavity t And secondary fluorescenceIntensity S of optical signal t According to the relation:
the concentration n of the atoms to be calibrated in the high enthalpy flow field cavity 3 can be obtained t 。
The atomic concentration calibration system in the high enthalpy flow field of the embodiment provides a calibration source of the same atom at normal temperature, the same pulse laser is used for beam splitting and then is simultaneously introduced into different cavities, the atoms in the two cavities are excited to generate fluorescent signals, the same laser attribute is ensured, the atomic concentration for calibration, the laser energy introduced into the cavity of the calibration source, the intensity of the first fluorescent signal, the laser energy introduced into the cavity of the high enthalpy flow field and the intensity of the second fluorescent signal are obtained, and under the condition that the parameters of the optical system are the same, the atomic concentration for calibration and the atomic concentration for calibration can be linked through the intensity of the fluorescent signal, the laser energy and the atomic concentration, so that the atomic concentration to be calibrated in the flow field is calibrated.
Referring to fig. 2, in a preferred embodiment, the titration apparatus 9 includes a mass flow meter 91 and a titration gas inlet tube 92, the mass flow meter 91 is communicated with one end of the titration gas inlet tube 92, and the other end of the titration gas inlet tube 92 is communicated with the calibration source chamber 6, so that the calibration atoms and the titration reaction gas react in the calibration source chamber 6 to 1:1, and the flow rate of the titration reaction gas can be accurately obtained.
The method for calibrating the concentration of atoms in the high-enthalpy flow field provided by this embodiment is based on a two-photon absorption laser-induced fluorescence technology, and can adopt any one of the above-mentioned high-enthalpy flow field atomic concentration calibration systems, arrange the calibration system in place, introduce the gas to be dissociated into the microwave discharge device 7, dissociate the gas to be dissociated into atoms for calibration, and enter the calibration source cavity 6 under the action of the vacuum pump 8.
When oxygen atom calibration is performed, namely when the atoms to be calibrated are oxygen atoms, oxygen is continuously introduced into the microwave discharge device 7, the titration reaction gas nitrogen dioxide is continuously titrated into the calibration source cavity 6 through the titration device 9, and the generated reaction is as follows: o + NO 2 →O 2 + NO, the vacuum pump 8 evacuates the oxygen and nitric oxide generated by the reaction out of the calibration source chamber 6 while simultaneously drawing the newly dissociated oxygen atoms into the calibration source chamber 6. It should be noted that the oxygen atoms completely react with the titration reaction gas nitrogen dioxide from the calibration source cavity 6 to the time when the oxygen atoms are discharged from the calibration source cavity 6.
When nitrogen atom calibration is carried out, namely when the atoms to be calibrated are nitrogen atoms, nitrogen is introduced into the microwave discharge device 7, the titration reaction gas is nitric oxide into the calibration source cavity 6 through the titration device 9, and the generated reaction is as follows: n + NO → N 2 + O, the vacuum pump 8 evacuates the oxygen atoms and nitrogen gas produced by the reaction out of the calibration source cavity 6 while simultaneously drawing the newly dissociated nitrogen atoms into the calibration source cavity 6. It should be noted that the nitrogen atoms completely react with the titration reaction gas nitric oxide from the calibration source cavity 6 to the time when the nitrogen atoms are discharged from the calibration source cavity 6.
The laser 4 emits laser, the spectroscope 5 splits the received laser and simultaneously guides the split laser into the calibration source cavity 6 and the high-enthalpy flow field cavity 3, the atoms for calibration located in the calibration source cavity 6 are excited in an unsaturated mode to generate a first fluorescence signal, and the atoms to be calibrated located in the high-enthalpy flow field cavity 3 are excited in an unsaturated mode to generate a second fluorescence signal; collecting a first fluorescence signal by a first fluorescence signal collecting device 1, wherein the intensity of the first fluorescence signal is S c . Collecting a second fluorescent signal by a second fluorescent signal collecting device 2, wherein the intensity of the second fluorescent signal is S t . Wherein the laser energy directed into the calibration source cavity 6 is E c The laser energy led into the high enthalpy flow field cavity 3 is E t 。
The data acquisition device 10 is used for acquiring time sequence signals of laser emitted by the laser 4 and receiving fluorescent signals acquired by the first fluorescent signal acquisition device 1 and the second fluorescent signal acquisition device 2.
The reaction gas is titrated into the calibration source cavity 6 through the titration device 9, the reaction gas can react with the calibration atoms in the same ratio, the first fluorescence signal acquired by the first fluorescence signal acquisition device is observed through the data acquisition device, the first fluorescence signal is gradually weakened until completely disappeared along with the increase of the reaction gas, the flow of the reaction gas is titrated when the first fluorescence signal disappears, and the concentration of the calibration atoms in the calibration source cavity is obtained through calculation.
Under the condition that the optical system parameters are the same and the concentration of atoms for calibration, the laser energy led into the calibration source cavity, the intensity of the first fluorescence signal, the laser energy led into the high enthalpy flow field cavity and the intensity of the second fluorescence signal are known, according to the relation:
the following relationship is obtained: and the ratio of the intensity of the first fluorescence signal to the square of the laser energy introduced into the calibration source cavity to the intensity of the second fluorescence signal to the square of the laser energy introduced into the high enthalpy flow field cavity is equal to the ratio of the atomic concentration for calibration to the atomic concentration to be calibrated, and the atomic concentration to be calibrated is obtained through calibration.
According to the method for calibrating the concentration of the atoms in the high-enthalpy flow field, the same atom calibration source at normal temperature is used, the same pulse laser is divided and guided into different cavities at the same time, atoms in the two cavities are excited to generate fluorescence signals in an unsaturated mode, the same laser property is guaranteed, under the condition that the parameters of an optical system are the same, the concentration of the atoms in the calibration flow field and the molar concentration of the atoms for calibration can be linked through the fluorescence signal intensity, the laser energy and the atomic concentration, and the concentration of the atoms to be calibrated is calibrated. And (3) obtaining the atomic concentration for calibration by adopting a chemical titration method, and realizing the quantification and tracing of data.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: each embodiment does not include only one independent technical solution, and in the case of no conflict between the solutions, the technical features mentioned in the respective embodiments may be combined in any manner to form other embodiments as will be understood by those skilled in the art.
Furthermore, modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalents may be substituted for some of the technical features thereof, without departing from the scope of the present invention, and the essence of the corresponding technical solutions does not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. An atomic concentration calibration system in a high enthalpy flow field, comprising:
a laser for emitting laser to the spectroscope;
the spectroscope is used for splitting the laser irradiated on the spectroscope and simultaneously guiding the laser into a calibration source cavity and a high-enthalpy flow field cavity, unsaturated excitation is carried out on atoms for calibration in the calibration source cavity to generate a first fluorescence signal, and unsaturated excitation is carried out on atoms to be calibrated in the high-enthalpy flow field cavity to generate a second fluorescence signal;
the first fluorescence signal acquisition device is used for acquiring the first fluorescence signal;
the second fluorescence signal acquisition device is used for acquiring the second fluorescence signal;
the parameters of the fluorescence signal collection detection of the first fluorescence signal collection device and the second fluorescence signal collection device are set to be consistent;
the microwave discharge device is communicated with the front end of the calibration source cavity and is used for dissociating the gas to be dissociated into the atoms for calibration;
the vacuum pump is communicated with the rear end of the calibration source cavity;
the titration device is communicated with the calibration source cavity and is used for titrating reaction gas into the calibration source cavity and obtaining the flow of the titrated reaction gas, and the titrated reaction gas and the calibration atoms can react at the same ratio; and
and the data acquisition device is used for acquiring time sequence signals of the laser emitted by the laser and receiving the fluorescent signals acquired by the first fluorescent signal acquisition device and the second fluorescent signal acquisition device.
2. The system for calibrating the concentration of atoms in a high enthalpy flow field according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first fluorescence signal acquisition device and the second fluorescence signal acquisition device are both photomultiplier tubes.
3. The system for calibrating the concentration of atoms in a high enthalpy flow field according to claim 1, characterized in that: the titration apparatus comprises a mass flow meter and a titration gas inlet pipe, wherein the mass flow meter is communicated with one end of the titration gas inlet pipe, and the other end of the titration gas inlet pipe is communicated with the calibration source cavity.
4. A method for calibrating the concentration of atoms in a high enthalpy flow field is characterized by comprising the following steps: calibration using the high enthalpy flow field atomic concentration calibration system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:
setting the parameters of the fluorescence signal collection detection of the first fluorescence signal collection device and the second fluorescence signal collection device to be consistent;
introducing gas to be dissociated into the microwave discharge device, dissociating the gas to be dissociated into atoms for calibration, and allowing the atoms for calibration to enter the calibration source cavity under the action of a vacuum pump;
the laser emits laser, the spectroscope splits the received laser and simultaneously guides the split laser into the calibration source cavity and the high-enthalpy flow field cavity, atoms for calibration located in the calibration source cavity are unsatisfactorily excited to generate a first fluorescent signal, and atoms to be calibrated located in the high-enthalpy flow field cavity are unsatisfactorily excited to generate a second fluorescent signal; collecting the first fluorescence signal through the first fluorescence signal collecting device, and collecting the second fluorescence signal through the second fluorescence signal collecting device;
titrating reaction gas into the calibration source cavity through the titration device, wherein the reaction gas can react with the calibration atoms in the same ratio, observing a first fluorescence signal acquired by a first fluorescence signal acquisition device through the data acquisition device, gradually weakening the first fluorescence signal until the first fluorescence signal completely disappears along with the increase of the reaction gas, recording the flow of the titration reaction gas when the first fluorescence signal disappears, and calculating to obtain the concentration of the calibration atoms in the calibration source cavity;
under the condition that the concentration of atoms for calibration, the laser energy led into the calibration source cavity, the intensity of the first fluorescence signal, the laser energy led into the high enthalpy flow field cavity and the intensity of the second fluorescence signal are known, according to the relational expression:
the following relationship is obtained: the ratio of the intensity of the first fluorescence signal to the square of the laser energy introduced into the calibration source cavity to the ratio of the intensity of the second fluorescence signal to the square of the laser energy introduced into the high enthalpy flow field cavity is equal to the ratio of the atomic concentration for calibration to the atomic concentration to be calibrated, and the atomic concentration to be calibrated is obtained through calibration;
wherein S is the intensity of the fluorescence signal, E 2 N is the atomic concentration.
5. The method for calibrating the atomic concentration in the high enthalpy flow field according to claim 4, characterized in that: when the atoms to be calibrated are oxygen atoms, introducing oxygen as the gas to be dissociated into the microwave discharge device, and titrating nitrogen dioxide as the reaction gas into the calibration source cavity through the titration device;
and when the atoms to be calibrated are nitrogen atoms, introducing nitrogen gas as the gas to be dissociated into the microwave discharge device, and titrating nitric oxide as the reaction gas into the calibration source cavity through the titration device.
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