CN113533188B - Real sea evaluation method for antifouling property of waterline area coating - Google Patents
Real sea evaluation method for antifouling property of waterline area coating Download PDFInfo
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- CN113533188B CN113533188B CN202110928750.5A CN202110928750A CN113533188B CN 113533188 B CN113533188 B CN 113533188B CN 202110928750 A CN202110928750 A CN 202110928750A CN 113533188 B CN113533188 B CN 113533188B
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N17/00—Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light
- G01N17/008—Monitoring fouling
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of marine antifouling, and in particular relates to a real sea evaluation method for antifouling performance of a coating in a waterline area, which comprises the steps of firstly adopting a floating ball as a carrier of a test coating, carrying out roughening treatment, solvent cleaning, drying, zoning and zoning coating on the surface of the test coating to enable the antifouling coating to be well attached to a ball, then calculating the weight of a counterweight according to the position of the floating ball in water, the sea volume of the floating ball and the counterweight, fixing the floating ball and the counterweight by utilizing a fixing rope, adjusting the position of the floating ball in the sea, meeting the environmental condition requirement of the waterline area, and finally carrying out real sea experiments and effectively evaluating the antifouling performance of the test coating in the waterline area according to experimental results; the method has the advantages of simple flow, strong repeatability, capability of simultaneously carrying out small-area multi-coating test when the surface of the floating ball is subjected to partition coating, high flux, high partition number and high popularization and application prospect, and is rapid, simple, convenient and reliable.
Description
Technical field:
the invention belongs to the technical field of marine antifouling, and particularly relates to a real sea evaluation method for antifouling performance of a coating in a waterline area.
The background technology is as follows:
marine biofouling refers to biofouling formed by adsorption, growth and propagation of marine microorganisms, plants and animals on the surface immersed in seawater, and causes great harm to marine engineering facilities such as ships, nuclear power plants, petroleum production platforms and the like: after the ship hull is stained by marine organisms, the ship hull becomes rough, the weight is increased, the sailing resistance is increased, and the fuel consumption is obviously increased; fouling organisms can also clog sea water transport pipelines, affecting the normal operation of offshore and offshore facilities such as sea water energy storage power stations, nuclear power stations, tidal power sets, and the like.
Marine fouling organisms are mainly concentrated in a waterline area and below the waterline, and the distribution conditions are related to the ship type, port approaching time, hydrologic environment of ports, seasons, navigation sea areas, navigational speeds, types of coating anti-fouling paint, coating construction processes and the like. From the growth conditions of marine fouling organisms at different depths under water, the community composition and density of the marine fouling organisms show vertical distribution differences. As the water line area has sufficient illumination, the attached fouling organisms are mainly large algae such as enteromorpha and ulva, micro algae such as diatom and the like which can perform photosynthesis, and fouling animals such as barnacles, hydroids, mussels and the like which eat microalgae. Meanwhile, as the waterline area of the ship is influenced by the self-carrying capacity, wave fluctuation, tide and the like, the ship belongs to a dry-wet alternating area, is impacted by waves for a long time, and the coating on the surface is aged faster, so that the antifouling effect is reduced, and the fouling is earlier and more serious than that of the underwater full-immersion area. Based on this, it is very necessary to develop a special anti-fouling coating system resistant to dry-wet alternation and wave impact for the waterline region, and reliability evaluation of the anti-fouling performance of the waterline region is fundamental to the development of the waterline region coating.
However, the lack of a method for rapid and reliable evaluation of the anti-fouling coating in the water line area in the prior art limits the efficient development of specialized coating systems. At present, the test of the antifouling performance of the antifouling coating mainly adopts a method of a real sea hanging plate: "GB 5370-2007 model shallow sea soaking test method" and "GB 7789-2007 dynamic test method for antifouling Property of ship antifouling paint", for example: the technical process of the marine biofouling organism corrosion test method in the real sea environment disclosed in China patent 202110279089.X comprises four steps of preparing work, testing, acquiring data and analyzing the data: preparation: cutting two types of samples of 200mm multiplied by 100mm multiplied by 2mm-10mm and 100mm multiplied by 50mm multiplied by 2mm-5mm respectively, namely a large sample and a small sample, removing rolling oxide skin on the surface of the sample, degreasing the surface of the sample by using a solvent to remove grease and dirt, scrubbing to remove insoluble dirt, and ensuring the uniform state of the surface of the sample; weighing the weight of the test sample, namely, the non-corrosion-resistant materials of carbon steel and low alloy steel are accurate to 10mg, and the corrosion-resistant materials are accurate to 1mg; measuring the size, length and width of the sample to 0.05mm and thickness to 0.02mm; collecting an open circuit potential, a polarization curve and an impedance spectrum of the sample by using an electrochemical workstation; (II) test: taking a small sample, carrying out a metal material laboratory sterile seawater corrosion test according to a GB10124 metal material laboratory uniform corrosion total immersion test method, arranging a three-pivot insulating gasket and a fixed connecting sheet on a large sample, carrying out a corrosion test of typical ship materials under a sterile condition by utilizing a climatic chamber and sterile seawater, carrying out weekly replacement of the sterile seawater according to basic seawater factors of a real sea test site and setting test conditions of the climatic chamber in the laboratory corrosion sample, and setting test parameters including salinity, temperature and illuminance according to environmental parameters of the real sea test site; taking a large sample for a real sea environment material bolting silk cladding corrosion test, cladding a microporous bolting silk after arranging a three-pivot insulating gasket and a fixed connecting sheet on the large sample, fixing the bolting silk in a frame, isolating the adhesion of large fouling organisms, only allowing microorganisms to pass through, and carrying out a bolting silk cladding typical metal material real sea full immersion test, wherein the bolting silk is a seawater aging resistant polymer fiber net with 500-1500 meshes, and a nylon net is selected preferentially; taking a large sample, carrying out a bare corrosion test of a real sea environment material according to GB/T6384-2008 and GB/T5370-2007, and setting an insulating material between the metal frame and the large sample when the large sample is fixed by the metal frame, wherein real sea is fully immersed, and fouling organisms are attached freely; (III) acquiring data: taking out the sample according to the set time, observing and recording the change of the surface and the edge of the sample, and counting the types and the attachment number of the fouling organisms on the surface of the bare real sea material sample; measuring open-circuit potential, polarization curve and impedance spectrum of the sample by adopting an electrochemical in-situ measurement mode; removing fouling organisms, cleaning corrosion products of a test sample according to GB/T16545, weighing the test sample, and measuring the pitting corrosion depth according to GB/T18590; (IV) analyzing the data: comparing test data of the analysis sample, calculating corrosion rate according to corrosion weight loss, and analyzing corrosion differences under different fouling states by combining corrosion morphology; and analyzing the corrosion mechanism of the sample according to the open circuit potential, the polarization curve and the impedance spectrum to form the real sea biological corrosion characteristic. However, the position of 0.2-2 meters under water belongs to the full-immersion area, and has an important effect on the assessment of the coating in the full-immersion area, but because the waterline area is a dry-wet alternating area, the environment, the fouling organism population and the working condition are obviously different from those in the full-immersion area, the existing full-immersion area test method cannot meet the test requirement of the antifouling performance in the waterline area, and the use effect of the antifouling coating in the waterline area cannot be accurately assessed. Therefore, an evaluation method for testing the antifouling performance of the anti-fouling coating in the waterline area is designed, the quick detection of the antifouling performance is established to shorten the development time of the anti-fouling coating, and a proper antifouling system is found in time, so that the method has important effect and significance in improving the effectiveness and pertinence of antifouling measures.
The invention comprises the following steps:
the invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and seeks to design a real sea evaluation method for the antifouling performance of the coating in the waterline area of the ship and ocean engineering facilities, and adopts the technical means of floating ball partition brushing and waterline area positioning for high-flux quick and simple evaluation of the use reliability of the antifouling coating in the waterline area.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical process of the real sea evaluation method for the antifouling performance of the water line area coating comprises four steps of coating floating balls, balancing weights, and experimental and analytical experimental results:
coating floating balls: sequentially carrying out roughening treatment, solvent cleaning, drying, zoning and zoning coating on the surface of the floating ball, numbering and marking to ensure that a coating layer is well attached to the floating ball body so as to carry out a small-area multi-coating test or a large-area single-coating test;
the diameter of the floating ball is 20-50cm, the wall thickness is 0.5-10cm, 1-2 buckles (single-lug floating ball and double-lug floating ball) are arranged at the bottom, the materials comprise glass microsphere floating body materials, foam nonmetallic materials, hollow metals and nonmetallic materials, the metallic materials comprise but are not limited to stainless steel, titanium alloy, aluminum alloy, carbon steel, high-strength steel and copper alloy, and the nonmetallic materials comprise but are not limited to Polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyacrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS);
roughening by sand blasting or No. 3 diamond abrasive paper to remove surface rust and oxide layer, and removing surface dust after reaching Sa2.5 level;
the solvent cleaning process adopts a low-boiling point volatile solvent which comprises acetone and ethanol, and the solvent for dissolving the floating ball material is forbidden to be adopted;
the dividing areas are 1-20 areas defined according to the number of the test coatings and the warp direction of the surface of the floating ball;
the partition coating adopts a brushing or spraying mode, the coating is carried out for 1-2 times at room temperature, the coating is carried out once again after standing and surface drying, the thickness of the coating after the real drying is 100-300 microns, when the floating ball is a nonmetallic material and is well combined with the antifouling paint, the antifouling paint is directly coated without brushing the anticorrosive paint and the connecting paint, and when the floating ball is a metallic material, the anticorrosive paint and the connecting paint are coated according to the anticorrosive requirement and the coating adhesive force condition;
(II) counterweight: according to the size, the material and the weight of the floating ball, the buoyancy of the floating ball is selected, the weight of the counterweight is calculated, the counterweight is selected, the surface anti-fouling treatment is carried out, and the dead weight of the marine organism growing on the surface of the marine organism is prevented from increasing too much;
the weight of the counterweight adopts the formula: m is M p ＝F q +F p -M q Calculation, wherein M p F is the weight of the counterweight q Is buoyancy generated when half of the volume of the floating ball is immersed, F p Is buoyancy force when the counterweight is fully immersed, M q The weight of the floating ball and the coating is that of the floating ball;
the counter weight is made of high-density and corrosion-resistant materials, including but not limited to concrete blocks, lead blocks and steel blocks coated with anti-corrosion and anti-fouling paint, and the surface anti-fouling paint comprises but not limited to I-type anti-fouling paint;
(III) experiment: the method comprises the steps of (1) carrying out a real sea experiment in a natural sea area, connecting a floating ball coated in the first step with a counterweight treated in the second step by using a nylon rope, enabling the equatorial line of the floating ball to be in the range of 2cm above and below the water surface, enabling the distance between the counterweight and the floating ball to be 1-5 meters so as to avoid the influence of an antifouling coating on the surface of the counterweight or marine organism adhesion, then connecting the counterweight with an anchor by using a fixed rope, and carrying out the experiment according to the experiment requirement of the coating in a waterline area;
and (IV) analyzing the experimental results: after the experiment is completed, the experimental results are arranged and analyzed to rapidly screen and evaluate the performances of the protective coating for the waterline areas of ships and marine facilities.
The total weight of the floating ball and the coating ensures that no counterweight is arranged when the equator line of the floating ball is within the range of 2cm above and below the water surface.
The real sea evaluation method for the antifouling property of the waterline area coating adopts the large floating ball, can realize large-area antifouling property test when in single-area coating, and simultaneously, the floating ball waves and rotates along with water flow in sea water, so that different subareas of the coating are in isotropic environment in real sea, and the real working condition characteristics of isotropy can be better simulated compared with the anisotropy of full-immersion fixed plate type unidirectional head-on surface light.
The real sea evaluation method for the antifouling performance of the waterline area coating can simultaneously examine the performance of the same antifouling paint coating on the ocean environment resistance of the coating at three different parts of the waterline under water.
The real sea evaluation method for the antifouling performance of the coating in the waterline area can be used as a real sea test method for rapidly screening and evaluating the protective coating for the waterline area of ships and marine facilities, and provides real sea test effect evaluation for developing the special coating in the waterline area.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that firstly, the floating ball is adopted as a carrier of a test coating, roughening treatment, solvent cleaning, drying, zoning and zoning coating are carried out on the surface of the test coating, so that the antifouling coating is well attached to the ball, then, the weight of the weight is calculated according to the position of the floating ball in water, the volume of the floating ball and the seawater discharged by the weight, the floating ball and the weight are fixed by a fixed rope, the position of the floating ball in the seawater is regulated, the environmental condition requirement of a waterline area is met, finally, a real sea experiment is carried out, and the antifouling performance of the waterline area of the test coating is effectively evaluated according to the experimental result; the method has the advantages that the flow is simple, the repeatability is high, when the surface of the floating ball is subjected to partitioned coating, the small-area multi-coating test can be simultaneously performed, the method has the characteristics of high flux, the larger the floating ball is, the more the number of partitions is, when the large floating ball is adopted for single-area coating, the large-area anti-fouling performance test can be performed, the uniformity of each partitioned coating in the real sea test is ensured by utilizing the isotropy of the floating ball during the rotation of the floating ball during the test, the characteristics of the actual working condition of the real sea water line area are met, the anti-fouling performance of the anti-fouling coating in the waterline area is evaluated, and the performances of the coating on the water, underwater and in three different parts of the waterline are inspected.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the experimental state of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a photograph of a floating ball coating according to the present invention, wherein a is a photograph of a surface treatment before floating ball coating and a meridian division, b is a photograph of a front view direction after floating ball coating, c is a photograph of a top view direction after floating ball coating, and d is a photograph of a bottom view direction after floating ball coating.
Fig. 3 is a photograph of an experimental sea of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a photograph showing the results of experiments conducted in the sea in accordance with the present invention.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
the invention is further described below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
the preparation process of the real sea evaluation method for the antifouling property of the waterline area coating comprises four steps of coating a floating ball, balancing weight, and experimental and analytical experimental results:
coating floating balls: the method comprises the steps of (1) coating a polyethylene double-lug hollow floating ball with a diameter of 30cm and a weight of 1.8Kg and 2 buckles at the bottom, roughening the surface of the floating ball, roughening a surface of the floating ball by using No. 3 diamond abrasive paper, removing a surface oxide layer to enable the roughness to reach Sa2.5 level, removing surface sand dust, cleaning by using ethanol, and airing; dividing 12 subareas on the surface of the floating ball according to the warp direction, directly coating antifouling paint on each subarea by adopting a brushing mode, coating 12 coatings including blank and reference coatings, coating 2 times at room temperature, standing for surface drying, coating 1 time again, and numbering and marking each subarea with the thickness of a coating layer of 200 microns after the surface is dried;
(II) counterweight: selecting a steel block as a counterweight, when the equator line of the floating ball is on the water surface, immersing half of the floating ball, selecting the buoyancy to be 70N, calculating the weight of the counterweight to be 5.8Kg, coating 725-B40-AFB2 tin-free long-acting antifouling paint on the surface of the counterweight, and carrying out antifouling treatment to avoid the influence of antifouling coating or marine organism adhesion on the surface of the counterweight;
(III) experiment: carrying out a real sea experiment in a mountain and bathroom sea area of Qingdao city, connecting the floating ball coated in the first step with the counterweight treated in the second step by using a nylon rope, and then connecting the counterweight with an anchor positioned on the sea floor by using a fixed rope, so that the floating ball is half-floated on the water surface, and carrying out the experiment according to the experiment requirement of a coating in a waterline area;
and (IV) analyzing the experimental results: after the experiment is completed, the experimental results are arranged and analyzed to rapidly screen and evaluate the performances of the protective coating for the waterline areas of ships and marine facilities.
Claims (8)
1. The real sea evaluation method for the antifouling performance of the coating in the waterline area comprises four steps of coating floating balls, counterweight, experiment and analysis experiment results, and is characterized in that the performance of the coating of the same antifouling paint on the sea, underwater and the coating of three different parts of the waterline can be simultaneously inspected, and the specific process is as follows:
coating floating balls: sequentially carrying out roughening treatment, solvent cleaning, drying, zoning and zoning coating on the surface of the floating ball, numbering and marking, and carrying out a small-area multi-coating test or a large-area single-coating test;
(II) counterweight: according to the size, the material and the weight of the floating ball, the buoyancy of the floating ball is selected, the weight of the counterweight is calculated, and the counterweight is selected and the surface anti-fouling treatment is carried out;
(III) experiment: the method comprises the steps of (1) carrying out a real sea experiment in a natural sea area, connecting a floating ball coated in the first step with a counterweight treated in the second step by using a nylon rope, enabling the equatorial line of the floating ball to be in the range of 2cm above and below the water surface, enabling the distance between the counterweight and the floating ball to be 1-5 meters, connecting the counterweight with an anchor by using a fixed rope, and carrying out the experiment according to the experiment requirement of a waterline area coating;
and (IV) analyzing the experimental results: after the experiment is completed, the experimental results are arranged and analyzed, and the performances of the protective coating for the waterline areas of ships and marine facilities are screened and evaluated;
the total weight of the floating ball and the coating ensures that no counterweight is arranged when the equator line of the floating ball is within the range of 2cm above and below the water surface.
2. The method for evaluating the antifouling property of the water line area coating according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the floating ball is 20-50cm, the wall thickness is 0.5-10cm, the bottom is provided with 1-2 buckles, the material comprises hollow metal and nonmetal materials, the metal materials comprise titanium alloy, aluminum alloy and copper alloy, and the nonmetal materials comprise polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride and polyacrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene.
3. The method for evaluating the antifouling property of the water line area coating according to claim 2, wherein the roughening treatment process is to remove the surface oxide layer, and remove the surface sand dust after reaching the Sa2.5 level; solvents used in the solvent cleaning process include acetone and ethanol.
4. The real sea evaluation method for the antifouling property of the water line area coating according to claim 3, wherein the dividing area is 1-20 areas according to the number of the test coatings and the warp direction of the surface of the floating ball; the partition coating process is to coat 1-2 times at room temperature, and then coat once after standing and surface drying, and the thickness of the coating after the surface drying is 100-300 microns.
5. The method for real sea evaluation of anti-fouling performance of a water line area coating according to claim 4, wherein the weight of the counterweight adopts the formula: m is M p =F q +F p -M q Calculation, wherein M p F is the weight of the counterweight q Is buoyancy generated when half of the volume of the floating ball is immersed, F p Is buoyancy force when the counterweight is fully immersed, M q The weight of the floating ball and the coating is that of the floating ball; the counterweight comprises a concrete block, a lead block and a steel block coated with anti-corrosion and anti-fouling paint, and the surface anti-fouling treatment adopts surface anti-fouling treatment paint comprising I-type anti-fouling paint.
6. The real sea evaluation method for the antifouling property of the water line area coating according to claim 1, wherein the large-area antifouling property test can be realized when large floating balls are adopted for single-area coating.
7. The real sea evaluation method for antifouling property of water line area coating according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the method can be used as a real sea test method for rapidly screening and evaluating protective coating for water line area of ships and marine facilities.
8. The method for evaluating the antifouling property of a waterline area coating in real sea according to claim 5, wherein the floating ball floats and rotates with water flow in sea water, so that different areas of the coating are in an isotropic environment in real sea, and the anisotropy of the coating is different from that of the full-immersed fixed plate type unidirectional head-on surface light.
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