CN113532720A - Intelligent washer with anti-loosening function and used for monitoring bolt fastening state and monitoring method - Google Patents
Intelligent washer with anti-loosening function and used for monitoring bolt fastening state and monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113532720A CN113532720A CN202110761778.4A CN202110761778A CN113532720A CN 113532720 A CN113532720 A CN 113532720A CN 202110761778 A CN202110761778 A CN 202110761778A CN 113532720 A CN113532720 A CN 113532720A
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 134
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 146
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/24—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for determining value of torque or twisting moment for tightening a nut or other member which is similarly stressed
- G01L5/243—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for determining value of torque or twisting moment for tightening a nut or other member which is similarly stressed using washers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B43/00—Washers or equivalent devices; Other devices for supporting bolt-heads or nuts
Abstract
The intelligent washer comprises an upper metal sheet, an insulating sheet, a monitoring sheet, a superelastic sheet and a lower metal sheet, wherein the upper metal sheet and the lower metal sheet not only bear scratch resistance, but also play a role in sealing protection, and the insulating sheet and the superelastic sheet are both made of insulating materials, so that a monitoring circuit is not communicated with the upper metal sheet and the lower metal sheet. According to the requirements of different tightening torques, the invention controls the metal contact of the monitoring piece to contact or separate with the lower metal piece when the pretightening force of the bolt changes by adjusting the structure and material parameters of the internal monitoring piece and the superelasticity piece and utilizing the good elastic recovery capability of the superelasticity piece, thereby realizing the on-off state change of the internal monitoring circuit and representing the connection state of the bolt. Compared with a grating type, piezoelectric sensing type or resistance strain gauge type intelligent fastener, the anti-loosening bolt fastening device is low in cost and high in reliability, has an anti-loosening function, and can effectively monitor the fastening state of the bolt to prevent connection failure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of monitoring of connection states of fasteners, and particularly relates to an intelligent washer with an anti-loosening function and for monitoring a bolt fastening state and a monitoring method.
Background
The bolt is used as the most common fastener in industrial fields and is generally applied to key equipment in the fields of aerospace, ship turbines, bridge construction, chemical equipment, new energy and the like. Due to the fact that the structure is simple, the standards are unified, the reliability is high, assembling and overhauling are convenient, and the bolt connection is the current main connection mode. Under the action of variable load, vibration and impact or when the working temperature is changed greatly, the bolt connection can cause stress relaxation and local deformation of the connection part, further cause connection loosening, and cause the pretightening force of the bolt to be reduced or even lost, thereby causing the failure of the connected piece. According to statistics, direct economic loss caused by bolt fastening failure reaches more than billions of yuan every year, so that real-time monitoring on bolts of key nodes is very important.
The existing bolt failure monitoring methods mainly comprise the following steps: the image detection method based on visual identification judges whether the bolt is loosened or not by monitoring the geometrical characteristics of the angle of the nut, the deformation of the bolt and the like, and the method is generally low in precision and poor in reliability and is not applied much due to the fact that the method is greatly limited by the external environment; the method is characterized in that external excitation needs to be applied to each bolt respectively, the generated elastic wave signals have large difference, the bolts need to be analyzed independently, the universality is poor, and the method is high in cost and difficult to be widely applied; the method is complex in installation, high in cost, easy to be interfered by external environment and limited in application. Therefore, intelligent monitoring of the bolted state cannot be popularized on a large scale in time.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an intelligent washer with an anti-loosening function for monitoring the fastening state of a bolt and a monitoring method. Meanwhile, the intelligent washer with the super-elastic sheet can generate a continuous elastic restoring force when being pressed, so that the threaded connection pair of the nut and the bolt can keep the friction force, a certain resisting moment is generated, and the bolt is prevented from loosening.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the utility model provides an intelligence packing ring of monitoring bolt-up state with locking function, includes that the metal that all has the mesopore that stacks in proper order goes up piece, insulating piece, monitoring piece, super-elastic piece and metal lower plate, wherein the mesopore supplies the bolt to pass, and the bottom surface border of monitoring piece is provided with annular spacing boss, and the bottom surface of monitoring piece is provided with a plurality of length incompletely the same metal contact, and super-elastic piece is reserved has a plurality of direction hole sites that link up that match with the metal contact one-to-one, metal contact and metal lower plate are connected to monitoring module through the wire respectively and constitute monitoring circuit, each the length of metal contact satisfies following requirement: when the bolt connection is normal, namely a specified tightening torque is kept, at least one metal contact penetrates through the guide hole position to be in contact with the lower metal sheet, and at least one metal contact is not in contact with the lower metal sheet; and when the bolt connection is loose, namely the bolt connection is not completely failed, but the pretightening force of the bolt connection is lower than a required threshold value, the contact state of at least one metal contact and the metal lower sheet is changed.
The monitoring circuit is characterized in that annular inner grooves are formed in the bottom surface of the upper metal sheet and the top surface of the lower metal sheet respectively, the upper metal sheet and the lower metal sheet are oppositely buckled along the notches of the annular inner grooves to form an integral annular cavity, the insulating sheet is placed on the bottom surface of the upper metal sheet, the superelastic sheet is placed on the top surface of the lower metal sheet, the bottom surface of the monitoring sheet is in contact with the superelastic sheet, and the insulating sheet and the superelastic sheet are both made of insulating materials, so that the monitoring circuit is not conducted with the upper metal sheet and the lower metal sheet.
The insulating sheet and the super-elastic sheet are both annular sheets.
The height of the limiting boss is smaller than that of the metal contact, so that the deformation of the metal contact under the action of the pressure on the surface of the lower metal sheet is controlled within a certain range, and the metal contact is prevented from being invalid due to overlarge pre-tightening force.
The thickness of super-elastic piece satisfies that intelligent packing ring produces a lasting elastic restoring force when the pressurized, and this elastic restoring force makes the threaded connection pair of nut and bolt keep frictional force, produces the moment of resistance, prevents that the bolt from becoming flexible.
When the metal contacts are arranged according to the length, the length difference of the adjacent metal contacts with different lengths is preferably 1/36-1/18 of the screw pitch, more preferably, four metal contacts are provided, and the length difference is 0.1 mm; or three metal contacts with the length difference of 0.11 mm.
The monitoring object of the monitoring module is the change of the on-off state of the monitoring circuit, so that the connection state of the bolt is represented.
The invention also provides a monitoring method for monitoring the bolt fastening state based on the intelligent gasket with the anti-loosening function, which utilizes a monitoring module to monitor in real time:
when the bolt connection is effective, the monitoring circuit is conducted;
when the bolt is connected and loosened, the pretightening force of the bolt is within the warning range, the elastic deformation of the elastic sheet is restored due to the fact that the upper side and the lower side of the elastic sheet are pressed and reduced, the elastic sheet supports the monitoring sheet to move, at least one metal contact is separated from the lower metal sheet, the on-off state of the monitoring circuit is changed, and the monitoring module sends out an alarm signal.
Before use, the invention needs to be calibrated according to the use working condition, and the calibration method comprises the following steps: under the specified tightening torque, at least one metal contact of the intelligent gasket is not contacted with the lower metal sheet, and simultaneously, at least one metal contact is contacted with the lower metal sheet, so that the monitoring circuit is conducted.
According to the invention, for the heavy parts connected by a single bolt, the fastening state monitoring can be carried out by adopting a single-point wired monitoring mode or a single-point wireless monitoring mode; for the structural part adopting a plurality of bolt connections, the structural part can be preferably connected in a short-distance wired networking mode, and then signals are transmitted to the monitoring module in a wired or wireless mode, so that the fastening states of the bolt connection structures are monitored, and the cost is effectively reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the intelligent gasket, under the influence of bolt pretightening force, the metal contact of the monitoring sheet is controlled to be in contact with or separated from the lower metal sheet by utilizing the good elastic recovery capability of the super-elastic sheet when the pretightening force of the bolt is changed, so that the on-off state change of an internal monitoring circuit is realized, the connection state of the bolt is represented, and the intelligent gasket is exquisite in structure and high in reliability.
2. The intelligent washer realizes the step monitoring of the bolt tightening torque by matching the different lengths of the metal contacts with the elastic deformation of the super-elastic sheet.
3. The monitoring mode of the intelligent gasket is passive monitoring essentially, can realize real-time monitoring of the bolt fastening state, has wide applicable working conditions, and can monitor the bolt working state of parts which are difficult to monitor manually or in severe environments.
4. Compared with other intelligent fasteners based on a grating type, a piezoelectric sensing type or a resistance strain gauge type, the intelligent fastener is strong in universality and low in cost, and has a certain anti-loosening function while the fastening state of the bolt is effectively monitored.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional configuration diagram of an intelligent washer with a locking function for monitoring a bolt fastening state.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an intelligent gasket structure assembly according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is an isometric view of a monitoring sheet with four metal contacts arranged to achieve step monitoring in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional and partially enlarged view of an intelligent washer according to an embodiment of the present invention when the bolt tightening torque is zero.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional and partially enlarged view of an intelligent gasket with a bolt connection enabled according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional and partially enlarged view of an intelligent gasket in the event of a bolt connection failure in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is an isometric view of a monitoring sheet with three metal contacts arranged to achieve step monitoring in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a bolt loosening single-point wireless monitoring scheme based on an intelligent gasket according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a bolt loosening multipoint short-distance wired networking monitoring scheme based on an intelligent gasket in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of a bolt loosening multipoint meter reading wired networking monitoring scheme in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a partial schematic view of a bolted flange connection system according to an embodiment.
Number designations in the schematic drawings illustrate that:
1. an intelligent gasket; 2. metal upper sheet; 3. an insulating sheet; 4. monitoring the sheet; 5. a superelastic sheet; 6. metal blanking; 7. a metal contact; 8. a limiting boss; 9. a wire; 10. guiding hole positions; 11. and a monitoring module.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention relates to an intelligent washer for monitoring bolt fastening state with anti-loosening function, wherein the intelligent washer 1 comprises a metal upper sheet 2, an insulating sheet 3, a monitoring sheet 4, a superelastic sheet 5 and a metal lower sheet 6 which are sequentially stacked, and the metal upper sheet 2, the insulating sheet 3, the monitoring sheet 4, the superelastic sheet 5 and the metal lower sheet 6 are all provided with a central hole for a bolt to pass through.
The outer edge of the bottom surface of the monitoring piece 4 is provided with an annular limiting boss 8, the bottom surface of the monitoring piece 4 is provided with a plurality of downward-protruding metal contacts 7 which are not identical in length, correspondingly, a plurality of through guide hole positions 10 which are matched with the metal contacts 7 in a one-to-one correspondence mode are reserved on the super-elastic piece 5, and the metal contacts 7 and the metal lower piece 6 are connected to a monitoring module 11 through leads 9 respectively to form a monitoring circuit.
The length of the metal contact 7 of the invention must meet the following requirements:
when the bolt connection is normal (the specified tightening torque is kept), at least one metal contact 7 passes through the guide hole position 10 to be in contact with the lower metal sheet 6, and at least one metal contact 7 is not in contact with the lower metal sheet 6; and when the bolt connection is loosened (at the moment, the bolt connection is not completely failed, but the pretightening force is lower than the required threshold), the contact state of at least one metal contact 7 and the metal lower sheet 6 is changed. That is, the monitoring object of the monitoring module 11 is to monitor the on-off state change of the circuit, so as to represent the connection state of the bolt.
The invention can realize the step monitoring of the bolt tightening torque by the matching of the different lengths of the metal contacts 7 and the elastic deformation of the super-elastic sheet 5.
Therefore, the height of the limiting boss 8 is preferably smaller than that of the metal contact 7, so that the deformation of the metal contact 7 under the action of pressure on the surface of the lower metal sheet 6 is controlled within a certain range, and the metal contact 7 is prevented from losing efficacy due to overlarge pre-tightening force.
According to the invention, annular inner grooves can be respectively formed on the bottom surface of the upper metal sheet 2 and the top surface of the lower metal sheet 6, the upper metal sheet 2 and the lower metal sheet 6 are oppositely buckled along the notch of the annular inner grooves to form an integral annular cavity, as shown in figure 2, the upper metal sheet 2 and the lower metal sheet 6 not only bear and prevent scratches, but also play a role in sealing and protecting
The insulating sheet 3 and the superelastic sheet 5 can be both annular sheets, the insulating sheet 3 is placed on the bottom surface of the upper metal sheet 2, the superelastic sheet 5 is placed on the top surface of the lower metal sheet 6, the monitoring sheet 4 is clamped between the insulating sheet 3 and the superelastic sheet 5, the bottom surface of the monitoring sheet is in contact with the superelastic sheet 5, the insulating sheet 3 and the superelastic sheet 5 are both made of insulating materials, so that a monitoring circuit is not communicated with the upper metal sheet 2 and the lower metal sheet 6, a polyurethane material is preferably selected, and the insulating sheet 3 can also be made of other insulating materials. Meanwhile, the thickness of the super-elastic sheet 5 satisfies the requirement that the intelligent washer 1 generates a continuous elastic restoring force when being pressed, the elastic restoring force enables the threaded connection pair of the nut and the bolt to maintain friction force, a certain resisting moment is generated, and the bolt is prevented from loosening.
The method of monitoring with the smart gasket 1 is as follows:
firstly, the intelligent gasket 1 is calibrated according to the use working condition, and the calibration method comprises the following steps: under the specified tightening torque, at least one metal contact 7 of the intelligent gasket 1 is not contacted with the lower metal sheet 6, and at least one metal contact 7 is contacted with the lower metal sheet 6, so that the monitoring circuit is conducted.
After calibration, the monitoring module 11 can be used for real-time monitoring:
when the bolt connection is effective, at least one metal contact 7 of the monitoring sheet 4 is contacted with the lower metal sheet 6, and the monitoring circuit is conducted;
when the bolt connection is loosened, the bolt pretightening force is within the warning range, the elastic deformation of the superelasticity piece 5 is recovered due to the fact that the upper side and the lower side of the superelasticity piece are pressed and reduced, the support monitoring piece 4 moves, the at least one metal contact 7 is separated from the lower metal piece 6, the on-off state of the monitoring circuit is changed, and the monitoring module 11 sends out an alarm signal.
The principle of the invention is illustrated as follows:
according to the requirements of different tightening torques, the invention controls the metal contact 7 of the monitoring piece 4 to contact or separate with the metal lower piece 6 when the pretightening force of the bolt changes by adjusting the structure and material parameters of the internal monitoring piece and the superelasticity piece and utilizing the good elastic recovery capability of the superelasticity piece 5, thereby realizing the on-off state change of the internal monitoring circuit and representing the connection state of the bolt. Meanwhile, the intelligent washer 1 with the super-elastic sheet 5 can generate a continuous elastic restoring force when being pressed, so that the threaded connection pair of the nut and the bolt can maintain the friction force, a certain resisting moment is generated, and the bolt is prevented from loosening. When the metal contacts 7 with different lengths arranged on the bottom surface of the monitoring sheet 4 are required to be in normal bolt connection (a specified tightening torque is kept), at least one metal contact 7 is in contact with the lower metal sheet 6, and the monitoring circuit is conducted; when the bolt connection is loosened (at the moment, the bolt connection is not completely failed, but the pretightening force of the bolt connection is lower than a required threshold value), the contact state of at least one metal contact 7 and the metal lower sheet 6 is changed, the on-off state of the monitoring circuit is changed at the moment, and the monitoring module 11 sends out an alarm signal. The height of the limiting boss 8 between the monitoring sheet 4 and the super-elastic sheet 5 is smaller than that of the metal contact 7, so that the deformation of the metal contact 7 under the action of pressure on the surface of the lower metal sheet 6 is controlled within a certain range, and the metal contact 7 is prevented from losing efficacy due to overlarge pre-tightening force.
The invention can realize the step monitoring of the bolt tightening torque by matching the different lengths of the metal contacts 7 with the elastic deformation of the super-elastic sheet 5.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, four metal contacts 7 with different lengths are arranged on the monitoring sheet 4, the length difference is 0.1mm, and the conducting wire 9 is connected with the metal contacts 7 through a printed circuit on the monitoring sheet 4. As shown in fig. 4, when the bolt tightening torque is zero, none of the four metal contacts 7 on the monitoring piece 4 is in contact with the lower metal piece 6, and the monitoring circuit is disconnected; as shown in fig. 5, when the bolt connection is effective (a predetermined tightening torque is maintained), two long metal contacts 7 on the monitoring piece 4 contact with the metal lower piece 6, the corresponding monitoring circuit is turned on, and the other metal contacts 7 do not contact the metal lower piece 6, and the corresponding monitoring circuit is turned off; as shown in fig. 6, when the pretightening force of the bolt is within the warning range (at this time, the bolt connection is not completely failed, but the pretightening force is lower than the required threshold), the elastic deformation of the superelastic sheet 5 is restored due to the reduction of the compression on the upper side and the lower side, the superelastic sheet supports the movement of the monitoring sheet 4, the contact state of the metal contact 7 and the metal lower sheet 6 is changed, the on-off state of the monitoring circuit is changed, and the monitoring module 11 sends out an alarm signal.
In another preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, in consideration of manufacturing cost and processing difficulty, three metal contacts 7 with different lengths are arranged on the monitoring sheet 4, the length difference is 0.11mm, and the lead 9 is connected with the metal contacts 7 through a printed circuit on the monitoring sheet.
For a single bolt-connected heavy part, the intelligent gasket 1 can adopt single-point wired or wireless monitoring to monitor the fastening state, as shown in fig. 8; for the structural member adopting a plurality of bolt connections, the short-distance wired networking mode can be adopted for connection, and then the signal is transmitted to the monitoring module 11 in a wired or wireless mode, so that the fastening states of a plurality of bolt connection structures are monitored, and the cost is effectively reduced. The bolt loosening multipoint short-distance wired networking monitoring scheme based on the intelligent gasket is shown in fig. 9, and a fault bolt can be judged in a water meter reading mode, as shown in fig. 10.
In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 11, there are multiple sets of bolt fastening connections composed of bolts, nuts, and intelligent washers 1 in the bolt-flange connection system, where the specification of the bolts is M16, the thickness of the corresponding intelligent washer 1 is 3mm, and the pre-tightening force is 12 kN. The insulating sheet 3 and the superelastic sheet 5 in the intelligent gasket 1 are made of polyurethane materials. The multiple groups of intelligent gaskets 1 are connected in series, and when the on-off state of the monitoring circuit of the intelligent gasket 1 group changes, each intelligent gasket 1 can be checked again to find out the bolt loosened during connection.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an intelligence packing ring of monitoring bolt-up state with locking function, its characterized in that, including metal upper plate (2), insulating piece (3), monitoring piece (4), super-elastic piece (5) and the metal lower plate (6) that all have the mesopore that stack in proper order, wherein the mesopore supplies the bolt to pass, and the bottom surface outer fringe of monitoring piece (4) is provided with annular spacing boss (8), and the bottom surface of monitoring piece (4) is provided with a plurality of length not identical metal contact (7), reserves a plurality of direction hole sites (10) of lining up that match with metal contact (7) one-to-one on super-elastic piece (5), metal contact (7) and metal lower plate (6) are connected to monitoring module (11) through wire (9) respectively and constitute monitoring circuit, each the length of metal contact (7) satisfies following requirement: when the bolt connection is normal, namely a specified tightening torque is kept, at least one metal contact (7) penetrates through the guide hole position (10) to be in contact with the lower metal sheet (6), and at least one metal contact (7) is not in contact with the lower metal sheet (6); and when the bolt connection is loose, namely the bolt connection is not completely failed, but the pretightening force of the bolt connection is lower than a required threshold value, the contact state of at least one metal contact (7) and the metal lower sheet (6) is changed.
2. The intelligent washer for monitoring bolt-on state with anti-loosening function according to claim 1, wherein the bottom surface of the upper metal plate (2) and the top surface of the lower metal plate (6) are respectively provided with annular inner grooves, the upper metal plate (2) and the lower metal plate (6) are relatively buckled along the notches of the annular inner grooves to form an integral annular cavity, the insulating plate (3) is placed on the bottom surface of the upper metal plate (2), the superelastic plate (5) is placed on the top surface of the lower metal plate (6), the bottom surface of the monitoring plate (4) is in contact with the superelastic plate (5), and the insulating plate (3) and the superelastic plate (5) are both made of insulating materials, so that the monitoring circuit is not conducted with the upper metal plate (2) and the lower metal plate (6).
3. The intelligent washer with locking function for monitoring bolt-fastening state according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the insulating sheet (3) and the superelastic sheet (5) are both annular sheets.
4. The intelligent gasket with the anti-loosening function for monitoring the bolt fastening state is characterized in that the height of the limiting boss (8) is smaller than that of the metal contact (7) so as to ensure that the deformation of the metal contact (7) under the stress acting on the surface of the metal lower sheet (6) is controlled within a certain range and prevent the metal contact (7) from failing due to overlarge pre-tightening force.
5. The intelligent washer with the anti-loosening function for monitoring the bolt fastening state as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of the superelastic sheet (5) is such that the intelligent washer generates a continuous elastic restoring force when being pressed, and the elastic restoring force enables a threaded connection pair of the nut and the bolt to maintain a friction force, so as to generate a resisting moment and prevent the bolt from loosening.
6. The intelligent washer for monitoring bolt-on state with looseness prevention function according to claim 1, wherein when the metal contacts (7) are arranged in length, the difference in length between adjacent metal contacts (7) of different lengths is 1/36 to 1/18 of a thread pitch.
7. The intelligent washer with the anti-loosening function for monitoring the fastening state of the bolt according to claim 1, wherein the monitored object of the monitoring module (11) is the change of the on-off state of a monitoring circuit, so as to represent the connection state of the bolt.
8. The method for monitoring the intelligent washer with the anti-loosening function for monitoring the bolt-fastening state as claimed in claim 1, wherein the monitoring module (11) is used for monitoring in real time:
when the bolt connection is effective, the monitoring circuit is conducted;
when the bolt is connected and loosened, the pretightening force of the bolt is within the warning range, the elastic deformation of the superelasticity piece (5) is recovered due to the fact that the upper side and the lower side of the superelasticity piece are pressed and reduced, the support monitoring piece (4) moves, the at least one metal contact (7) is separated from the lower metal piece (6), the on-off state of the monitoring circuit is changed, and the monitoring module (11) sends out an alarm signal.
9. The monitoring method according to claim 8, characterized in that before use, calibration is carried out according to the use condition, and the calibration method comprises the following steps: under the specified tightening torque, at least one metal contact (7) is not contacted with the lower metal sheet (6) and at least one metal contact (7) is contacted with the lower metal sheet (6) simultaneously, so that the monitoring circuit is conducted.
10. The method of claim 8, wherein for a single bolted deadweight, fastening condition monitoring is performed using single point wired or wireless monitoring; for the structural parts connected by a plurality of bolts, the structural parts are connected by adopting a short-distance wired networking mode, and then signals are transmitted to the monitoring module (11) by adopting a wired or wireless mode.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110761778.4A CN113532720A (en) | 2021-07-06 | 2021-07-06 | Intelligent washer with anti-loosening function and used for monitoring bolt fastening state and monitoring method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110761778.4A CN113532720A (en) | 2021-07-06 | 2021-07-06 | Intelligent washer with anti-loosening function and used for monitoring bolt fastening state and monitoring method |
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| CN113532720A true CN113532720A (en) | 2021-10-22 |
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| CN202110761778.4A Pending CN113532720A (en) | 2021-07-06 | 2021-07-06 | Intelligent washer with anti-loosening function and used for monitoring bolt fastening state and monitoring method |
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| CN114323399A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-12 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Method, system, equipment and medium for detecting pre-tightening force of rusted high-strength bolt |
| CN114719888A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-07-08 | 瑞华智控电子科技(北京)有限公司 | Intelligent fan bolt online health monitoring system |
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- 2021-07-06 CN CN202110761778.4A patent/CN113532720A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114166485A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-03-11 | 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 | On-line monitoring method for state of tower barrel bolt of wind turbine |
| CN114323399A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-12 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Method, system, equipment and medium for detecting pre-tightening force of rusted high-strength bolt |
| CN114719888A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-07-08 | 瑞华智控电子科技(北京)有限公司 | Intelligent fan bolt online health monitoring system |
| CN115331398A (en) * | 2022-07-05 | 2022-11-11 | 中国长江电力股份有限公司 | Intelligent monitoring device and method for bolt of volute entrance door of hydroelectric generating set |
| CN115331398B (en) * | 2022-07-05 | 2023-05-16 | 中国长江电力股份有限公司 | Intelligent monitoring device and method for volute inlet bolt of hydroelectric generating set |
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