CN113532512A - Distributed optical fiber monitoring system and monitoring method for vertical shaft cage guide flaw detection and deformation - Google Patents
Distributed optical fiber monitoring system and monitoring method for vertical shaft cage guide flaw detection and deformation Download PDFInfo
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- CN113532512A CN113532512A CN202110644738.1A CN202110644738A CN113532512A CN 113532512 A CN113532512 A CN 113532512A CN 202110644738 A CN202110644738 A CN 202110644738A CN 113532512 A CN113532512 A CN 113532512A
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006355 external stress Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
- G01D5/35338—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using other arrangements than interferometer arrangements
- G01D5/35354—Sensor working in reflection
- G01D5/35358—Sensor working in reflection using backscattering to detect the measured quantity
Abstract
The invention discloses a distributed optical fiber monitoring system and a monitoring method for vertical shaft cage guide flaw detection and deformation. The invention does not need shutdown monitoring of the shaft, has the advantages of real-time monitoring, low cost and high precision, and effectively ensures the safe production of the coal mine and the use efficiency of the shaft.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a vertical shaft cage guide flaw detection monitoring system and a vertical shaft cage guide flaw detection monitoring method, in particular to a vertical shaft cage guide flaw detection and deformation distributed optical fiber monitoring system and a vertical shaft cage guide flaw detection and deformation distributed optical fiber monitoring method.
Background
The cage guide is used as a component of a mine hoisting system, and the healthy operation of the cage guide plays an important role in the safe coal mining and the cage working efficiency. Cage ears and cage guides rub against each other in the process that the cage runs along the cage guides in the vertical shaft, so that the cage guides are easy to flaw and become thin due to abrasion, mine production is influenced, and casualties are caused.
In the aspect of flaw detection monitoring of a vertical shaft cage guide, a ray monitoring method, a geometric distance measuring method, a professional instrument method and a vibration acceleration method are mainly adopted. The X-ray monitoring is to monitor the cracks of the cage guide square steel by adopting an X-ray flaw detector, the method has high monitoring precision and large steel penetration thickness, but the instrument placement stability requirement is high and the shock absorption is poor when the shaft environment is used. The geometric distance measurement method utilizes the basic principle that a steel wire rope hangs a heavy hammer to keep vertical downward, establishes the position geometric relationship between the cage guide and the steel wire rope, and judges the deformation condition of the cage guide. The professional instrument method utilizes a professional section measuring instrument to monitor the deformation vertical displacement of the cage guide, and achieves autonomous data acquisition, however, the monitoring equipment mainly adopts inductive and vibrating wire sensors, and the sensors are easily interfered by temperature and electromagnetic radiation underground, so that the problems of low precision and missing detection exist.
Aiming at the problem of flaw detection monitoring of the shaft guide, by developing an optical fiber layout system in the guide and designing a guide flaw detection distributed optical fiber monitoring method, the depth of square steel in the length range of the guide and the strain and temperature distribution in the transverse range are measured in real time, the guide flaw detection is mastered, and the safety and stability of the guide are ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a distributed optical fiber monitoring system and a distributed optical fiber monitoring method for vertical shaft cage guide flaw detection and deformation, which solve the problem of a sensing optical fiber arrangement method in a cage guide, obtain strain and temperature distribution along the cage guide and obtain flaw detection and deformation parameters in the using process of the cage guide.
By monitoring the strain and temperature conditions of the cage guide, the flaw detection depth and deformation deflection parameter measurement of the cage guide are realized, the potential safety hazard existing in the cage guide can be conveniently and timely found, the safe operation of a vertical shaft lifting system is ensured, and the safety of personnel and the mine production are ensured.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that according to the characteristics of cage guide flaw detection and deformation, an integrated strain and temperature sensing optical fiber is packaged in a small hole reserved in cage guide square steel, the sensing optical fibers in the cage guide square steel pipe are connected in series end to end and then connected with a multi-core sensing optical cable reserved at a well head to realize data transmission, a photoelectric signal is converted into a digital signal through a distributed optical fiber demodulator, and finally the digital signal is connected with a data analysis system to obtain strain and temperature distribution in the range along the cage guide, obtain the flaw detection depth and deformation deflection of the cage guide and grasp the health condition of the cage guide in time.
A vertical shaft cage guide flaw detection and deformation distributed optical fiber monitoring system is based on vertical shaft cage guide arrangement, wherein the vertical shaft cage guide is of a square steel pipe structure and is formed by connecting at least two vertically adjacent square steel pipes, and small holes for installing sensing optical fibers are formed in the periphery of the vertical shaft cage guide in the depth direction;
the small holes are arranged in a plurality of groups along the periphery of the vertical shaft cage guide, and a plurality of small holes in each group are arranged from inside to outside along the thickness of the cage wall of the vertical shaft cage guide;
the sensing optical fiber is tightly stuck in the small hole;
the two ends of the vertical shaft cage guide are reserved with sensing optical fibers with certain lengths, and the sensing optical fibers reserved at the same ports of the upper cage guide and the lower cage guide are welded at the connection position of each vertical shaft cage guide;
and at the wellhead and the bottom of the vertical shaft, the sensing optical fibers are welded in an end-to-end mode according to the type of the optical fibers, the sensing optical fibers reserved near the wellhead of the vertical shaft and the multi-core sensing optical cable are welded and then connected with the distributed optical fiber demodulator and the data analysis system, and the strain and the temperature of the cage guide are tested.
Furthermore, the data analysis system consists of a data monitoring system and a data analysis system, and the data analysis system determines a flaw detection value, a wear value and a deformation and deflection value of the cage guide based on the actually measured strain and temperature of the cage guide.
Furthermore, the sensing optical fiber is an integrated strain and temperature sensing optical fiber, the strain sensing optical fiber is of a structure that a fiber core and a sheath are tightly and coordinately deformed, and the temperature sensing optical fiber is of a structure that a loose sleeve wraps the fiber core and is not affected by external stress.
Furthermore, each group of small holes comprises at least one group of strain optical fiber mounting holes and one group of temperature optical fiber mounting holes which are respectively used for mounting the strain sensing optical fibers and the temperature sensing optical fibers.
Furthermore, the small holes are arranged along the thickness of the wall of the vertical shaft cage guide at intervals of 1 mm-2 mm, the diameter of each small hole is 1mm, and each row is not less than 3.
Furthermore, a group of small holes are arranged at intervals of 1-3 cm along the length of the tank wall on each side of the cross section of the vertical shaft cage guide.
Furthermore, each cage guide is positioned at the wellhead of the vertical shaft and the bottom of the vertical shaft, and the length of the reserved sensing optical fiber is 500-1000 mm.
A vertical shaft cage guide flaw detection and deformation optical fiber distributed monitoring method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1) establishing the relationship between the strain and the abrasion loss of the cage guide according to the distributed strain variable value of the square steel pipe of the cage guide of the vertical shaft, and determining the flaw detection value of the cage guide, wherein the calculation formula is
In the formula, KAThe steel can guide safety early warning method comprises the following steps of (1) sending a guide safety early warning signal when the flaw detection depth exceeds the allowable square steel thickness value due to friction between a can lug and a guide, wherein epsilon is a dimensionless wear coefficient, epsilon is a strain value, E is an elastic modulus of a steel material, A is the cross section area of a square steel pipe, D is the transverse width of a rubber wheel in contact with the guide, and H is the hardness of the square steel material;
step 2) when the sensing optical fibers arranged every 1mm are abraded due to the flaw detection of the cage guide, determining the flaw detection depth of the square steel tube of the cage guide according to the energy loss and reflection events of the back scattering light;
step 3) acquiring temperature change along the thickness line of the cage guide according to the temperature sensing optical fiber arranged in the cage guide, and determining the abrasion loss of the cage guide, namely
In the formula, TMAXThe maximum value of the temperature of the cage guide, T, measured in the adjacent temperature sensing optical fiber in the thickness direction of the square steel pipe1、T2Respectively the temperature value d of the cage guide measured by the adjacent temperature sensing optical fiber in the thickness direction of the square steel pipe12The distance between adjacent temperature sensing optical fibers;
step 4) determining the deformation and deflection value of the cage guide based on the distributed strain value, wherein the calculation formula is
Wherein V (Z) is a deflection value of a cage guide depth Z; h is half of the distance between adjacent cage guide beams of the fixed cage guide; y (Z) is the distance between the center of the fracture surface in the Z cross section deep in the cage guide and the sensing optical fiber; and epsilon (Z) is the average value of the strain measured by the sensing optical fibers symmetrically distributed in the Z cross section at the deep position of the cage guide along the deflection direction, and when the deflection value of the cage guide exceeds the horizontal displacement allowable value, an alarm signal is sent out.
The steps 1) to 3) are methods for calculating the flaw detection depth of the cage guide, and the step 4) is a method for calculating the deformation deflection of the cage guide.
Step 1) calculating the relation between the strain and the abrasion loss of the cage guide through the strain quantity of the cage guide acquired by the strain sensing optical fiber, thereby calculating the flaw detection depth of the cage guide. Step 2) acquiring the flaw detection depth of the cage guide visually by acquiring the abrasion of the sensing optical fiber embedded in the cage guide, wherein under the condition, the abrasion of the position of the sensing optical fiber abraded to the thickness of the position can be acquired, and the acquisition range is accurate but small; and 3) determining the abrasion loss of the cage guide through the temperature change along the thickness line of the cage guide, wherein the method can be free from the influence of a vibration environment and the abrasion loss is measured in a temperature sensing mode. The three methods can be applied independently or used in combination, and the three methods are mutually verified, so that the measurement accuracy is improved.
Step 4) is the calculation of the deformation deflection of the cage guide, and can be used independently relative to the steps 1) to 3).
If the whole cage guide is evaluated, the flaw detection depth values obtained in the steps 1) to 3) and the deflection value obtained in the step 4) can be combined.
Compared with the prior art, the invention effectively solves the problems of the method for packaging the sensing optical fiber inside the square steel pipe of the cage guide and the method for detecting and monitoring the deformation of the cage guide by the distributed optical fiber, the system and the method can adapt to the environment of underground humidity, vibration and the like, the construction is simple and convenient, the system and the method have the characteristics of distributed cage guide monitoring, high precision, strong anti-interference capability, no occupation of the service time of a shaft and the like, and are suitable for detecting and monitoring the deformation of the cage guide of the vertical shaft.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a transverse cross-sectional view of a cage guide of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1;
in the figure, 1-1 is a strain sensing optical fiber, 1-2 is a temperature sensing optical fiber, 2 is a multi-core transmission optical cable, 3 is an optical fiber demodulator, 4 is a data analysis system, 5 is a cage guide, 6 is a rubber wheel, 7 is a cage guide beam, and 8 is a mine shaft wall.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further explained below.
Example (b): the integrated temperature and strain optical fiber is used as a sensor and is arranged in a small hole reserved in the cage guide 5 to monitor the strain value and the temperature value of the cage guide 5, so that the values of flaw detection depth, deflection, strength, bending moment, torsion and the like of the cage guide 5 are measured, and the condition of the cage guide 5 is known in time.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the shaft cage guide 5 is a rectangular structure formed by connecting more than one square steel pipe up and down, the cross section of the shaft cage guide is square, one side of the cage guide 5 is fixed with a mine wall 8 by a cage guide beam 7, and the other three wall surfaces are in friction contact with a rubber wheel 6.
The method comprises the following steps of (1) installing a flaw detection and deformation optical fiber distributed monitoring system of the vertical shaft cage guide 5:
(1) the cage guide 5 is made of square hollow section steel, three groups of small holes 5-1 are arranged at equal intervals along the length of each side of the cage guide 5, each group of small holes 5-1 are respectively provided with a strain sensing optical fiber 1-1 and a temperature sensing optical fiber 1-2, each row is provided with three small holes 5-1, the distance between each small hole 5-1 and the inner edge of the cage guide wall is respectively 1mm, 3mm and 5mm, the diameter of each small hole is 1mm, and the small holes are numbered as No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 in sequence;
(2) within the range of the vertical shaft depth, the optical fiber is tightly attached to the inner wall of the small hole 5-1, and the optical fiber with the length of 500 plus 1000mm is reserved at the head end and the tail end of the cage guide 5;
(3) when the cage guide 5 is installed and fixed, the corresponding sensing optical fibers reserved at two ends of the cage guide 5 are welded to form a connecting line and tested;
(4) and the strain sensing optical fiber 1-1 and the temperature sensing optical fiber 1-2 reserved near the vertical shaft wellhead are fused with the multi-core sensing optical cable 2 and then are guided to a monitoring room, and are connected with the distributed optical fiber demodulator 3 and the data analysis system 4 for testing the strain and the temperature of the cage guide 5.
A distributed monitoring method for vertical shaft cage guide flaw detection and deformation optical fibers measures the depth, deflection, strength, bending moment, torsion and other values of cage guide flaw detection, thereby realizing the monitoring of cage guide flaw detection and deformation, and comprises the following specific steps:
A. and determining the flaw detection depth of the cage guide by measuring the temperature value of the cage guide 5 by using the temperature sensing optical fiber 1-2 in the integrated optical fiber sensor. When the cage guide 5 is worn to a certain degree, the outermost sensing optical fiber is damaged, the flaw detection depth can be calculated according to the time interval between the emission of the pulse light and the reception of the scattered light, and the position of interruption of the test signal, namely Z is c.T/2 n, wherein c is the light speed, T is the time interval between the emission of the pulse light and the reception of the scattered light, and n is the refractive index of the optical fiber. Therefore, the flaw detection position of the cage guide can be accurately determined, and an early warning signal is sent out.
B. The temperature sensing optical fiber 1-2 in the integrated optical fiber sensor is utilized to eliminate the influence of temperature on the strain sensing optical fiber, the relation between the strain and the abrasion loss of the cage guide 5 is established by measuring the distributed strain variable value of the cage guide 5, and the flaw detection value of the cage guide, namely the flaw detection value of the cage guide is determined
In the formula, KAThe coefficient of dimensionless wear is shown, epsilon is a strain value, E is an elastic modulus of a steel material, A is a cross section area of a square steel pipe, D is a transverse width of the rubber wheel 6 contacted with the cage guide 5, and H is the hardness of the square steel material. And when the flaw detection value reaches the allowable deviation value, sending out an early warning signal.
C. The distributed optical fiber monitoring method for the cage guide flaw detection is characterized in that temperature change along the cage guide 5 is obtained by utilizing temperature sensing optical fibers 1-2 distributed in the cage guide, and the abrasion loss of the cage guide 5 is determined. Namely, it is
In the formula, TMAXThe maximum value T measured by the No. 1 temperature sensing optical fiber 1-21、T2Respectively the temperature values measured by the No. 1 and No. 2 temperature sensing optical fibers 1-2, d12Is the distance between No. 1 and No. 2 temperature sensing optical fibers 1-2.
D. Measuring the distributed strain variable value of the cage guide by using the strain sensing optical fiber 1-1 in the integrated optical fiber sensor, and determining the deflection value of the cage guide, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein V (Z) is the depth of the cage guideAnd the deflection value of Z is H which is half of the distance between the cage guide beams 7, y (Z) is the distance between the center of the fracture surface in the Z cross section deep in the cage guide and the sensing optical fiber, and epsilon (Z) is the average value of the strain measured by the sensing optical fiber symmetrically distributed in the Z cross section deep in the cage guide along the deflection direction. When the deflection value of the cage guide exceeds the allowable displacement, an alarm signal is sent out.
Claims (10)
1. A vertical shaft cage guide flaw detection and deformation distributed optical fiber monitoring system is based on vertical shaft cage guide arrangement, wherein the vertical shaft cage guide is of a square steel pipe structure and is formed by connecting at least two vertically adjacent square steel pipes, and is characterized in that small holes for installing sensing optical fibers in the depth direction are formed in the periphery of the vertical shaft cage guide;
the small holes are arranged in a plurality of groups along the periphery of the vertical shaft cage guide, and a plurality of small holes in each group are arranged from inside to outside along the thickness of the cage wall of the vertical shaft cage guide;
the sensing optical fiber is tightly stuck in the small hole;
the two ends of the vertical shaft cage guide are reserved with sensing optical fibers with certain lengths, and the sensing optical fibers reserved at the same ports of the upper cage guide and the lower cage guide are welded at the connection position of each vertical shaft cage guide;
and at the wellhead and the bottom of the vertical shaft, the sensing optical fibers are welded in an end-to-end mode according to the type of the optical fibers, the sensing optical fibers reserved near the wellhead of the vertical shaft and the multi-core sensing optical cable are welded and then connected with the distributed optical fiber demodulator and the data analysis system, and the strain and the temperature of the cage guide are tested.
2. The distributed fiber optic vertical shaft guide flaw detection and deformation monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the data analysis system is comprised of a data monitoring system and a data analysis system, the data analysis system determining a guide flaw detection value, a wear value and a guide deformation deflection value based on measured guide strain and temperature.
3. The distributed fiber monitoring system for vertical shaft cage guide flaw detection and deformation of claim 1, wherein the sensing fiber is an integrated sensing fiber, wherein the structure of the strain sensing fiber is that the fiber core and the sheath are tightly packaged and deform in a coordinated manner, and the structure of the temperature sensing fiber is that the fiber core and the sheath contain a gap for packaging and are not affected by external stress.
4. A vertical shaft cage guide flaw detection and deformation distribution type optical fiber monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein an integral sensing optical fiber, namely a strain sensing optical fiber and a temperature sensing optical fiber, is arranged in each small hole.
5. The distributed optical fiber monitoring system for flaw detection and deformation of the vertical shaft cage guide according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the number of the small holes is 1mm, and the number of the small holes in each row is not less than 3, and the small holes are arranged along the thickness of the cage wall of the vertical shaft cage guide at intervals of 1mm to 2 mm.
6. The distributed optical fiber monitoring system for flaw detection and deformation of the shaft cage guide according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein a group of small holes are arranged at intervals of 1-3 cm along the length of the cage wall on each side of the cross section of the shaft cage guide.
7. The distributed optical fiber monitoring system for flaw detection and deformation of the shaft cage guide according to claim 5, wherein a group of small holes are arranged at intervals of 1-3 cm along the length of the cage wall on each side of the cross section of the shaft cage guide.
8. A distributed optical fibre inspection and deformation monitoring system for shaft cage guide according to claims 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that each cage guide is provided with a sensing optical fibre length of 500 and 1000mm at the shaft mouth and bottom of the shaft.
9. The method for detecting the flaw of the shaft cage guide and monitoring the deformation of the shaft cage guide by the distributed optical fiber monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is used for determining the abrasion loss of the cage guide, and is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:
the data analysis system in step 1) establishes the relationship between the cage guide strain and the abrasion loss according to the distributed strain variable value of the square steel pipe of the vertical shaft cage guide, and determines the flaw detection value of the cage guide, wherein the calculation formula of the flaw detection value of the cage guide is as follows:
in the formula, KAThe steel can guide safety early warning method comprises the following steps of (1) sending a guide safety early warning signal when the flaw detection depth exceeds the allowable square steel thickness value due to friction between a can lug and a guide, wherein epsilon is a dimensionless wear coefficient, epsilon is a strain value, E is an elastic modulus of a steel material, A is the cross section area of a square steel pipe, D is the transverse width of a rubber wheel in contact with the guide, and H is the hardness of the square steel material; and/or
Step 2) when the sensing optical fibers arranged every 1mm are abraded due to the flaw detection of the cage guide, determining the flaw detection depth of the square steel tube of the cage guide according to the energy loss and reflection events of the back scattering light; and/or
Step 3) obtaining the temperature change along the thickness line of the cage guide according to the temperature sensing optical fiber distributed in the cage guide, and determining the abrasion loss of the cage guide, wherein the calculation formula of the abrasion loss of the cage guide is as follows:
in the formula, TMAXThe maximum value of the temperature of the cage guide, T, measured in the adjacent temperature sensing optical fiber in the thickness direction of the square steel pipe1、T2Respectively the temperature value d of the cage guide measured by the adjacent temperature sensing optical fiber in the thickness direction of the square steel pipe12Is the distance between adjacent temperature sensing fibers.
10. The distributed fiber optic vertical shaft guide flaw detection and deformation monitoring system of claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the deformation flexibility value of the guide is determined based on the distributed strain variable values, and the calculation formula of the deformation flexibility value of the guide is as follows:
wherein V (Z) is a deflection value of a cage guide depth Z; h is half of the distance between adjacent cage guide beams of the fixed cage guide; y (Z) is the distance between the center of the fracture surface in the Z cross section deep in the cage guide and the sensing optical fiber; and epsilon (Z) is the average value of the strain measured by the sensing optical fibers symmetrically distributed in the Z cross section at the deep position of the cage guide along the deflection direction, and when the deflection value of the cage guide exceeds the horizontal displacement allowable value, an alarm signal is sent out.
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