CN113532383A

CN113532383A - Side-sticking tunnel top wall settlement monitoring mechanism and tunnel top wall settlement monitoring method

Info

Publication number: CN113532383A
Application number: CN202110947501.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郑琼华
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-08-18
Filing date: 2021-08-18
Publication date: 2021-10-22

Abstract

The invention relates to a side-sticking tunnel top wall settlement monitoring mechanism which comprises a hanging cylinder, a guy cable, a vertical ratio counter rod and an indicating needle, wherein the upper end of the guy cable is connected with the hanging cylinder, the vertical ratio counter rod is connected with the lower end of the guy cable and is provided with a graduated scale, the indicating needle is provided with a mounting seat, the outer circumferential surface of the hanging cylinder is provided with an elastic connecting arm, the connecting arm is provided with a storage pit, the storage pit is provided with a jack and a flexible inner lining layer, the flexible inner lining layer is only fixed with the open end of the storage pit, a conical driving sleeve with a small upper end and a large lower end is supported in the hanging cylinder through a lower laying block, a plurality of inclined ejector rods distributed along the circumferential direction of the hanging cylinder are arranged on the side wall of the hanging cylinder in a penetrating mode, the high ends of the inclined ejector rods are arranged in the jack in a penetrating mode in a one-to-one mode, and the low ends of the inclined ejector rods are abutted to the outer circumferential surface of the conical driving sleeve. The method has the advantage that field personnel can intuitively know the sinking displacement in real time, and the problem that the sinking displacement at the top of the tunnel surrounding rock can not be found in time only through regular inspection by professional personnel is solved.

Description

Side-sticking tunnel top wall settlement monitoring mechanism and tunnel top wall settlement monitoring method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of building construction, and particularly relates to a side-bonding type tunnel top wall settlement monitoring mechanism and a tunnel top wall settlement monitoring method.

Background

When the surrounding rock stability is poor, because engineering disturbance and groundwater activity, tunnel roof surrounding rock takes place to roof fall easily and destroys the transition promptly and subsides, need monitor the subside of tunnel roof among the solid tunnel work progress to carry out the early warning to too big displacement. The existing settlement detection is that a professional carries out regular measurement, a site constructor is difficult to know the displacement of surrounding rocks, the working time of the constructor on the construction site is longest, and if the constructor can also know the settlement of a tunnel intuitively, the constructor can find the settlement in time, find danger in time and remove the danger in time and has important significance for safe production.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a side-adhesive tunnel top wall settlement monitoring mechanism which can visually know the settlement displacement in real time by field personnel, and solves the problem that the settlement displacement of the top of tunnel surrounding rock can not be found in time only through regular inspection by professional personnel.

The above problems are solved by the following technical solutions: the utility model provides a side glues formula tunnel roof settlement monitoring mechanism, its characterized in that, including a hang section of thick bamboo, upper end with hang the cable that a section of thick bamboo links together, connect the cable lower extreme establish the vertical ratio of the scale of vertical device and establish on vertical ratio pole with scale complex annular pointer, the pointer is equipped with the mount pad, be equipped with a plurality of elastic connecting arm along hanging a circumference distribution on the section of thick bamboo periphery, be equipped with the storage hole on the upper surface of the one end of hanging a section of thick bamboo is kept away from to the linking arm upper surface, the storage hole is equipped with the jack and is equipped with flexible inner liner, flexible inner liner only fixes together with the open end of storage hole, it supports the toper driving cover that the upper end is little big to shelve the piece down in the hang section of thick bamboo, wear to be equipped with a plurality of oblique ejector pin along hanging a section of thick bamboo circumference distribution on the lateral wall of hang section of thick bamboo, the high-end one-to-one ground of oblique ejector pin wears to locate in the jack, The lower end of the conical driving sleeve is abutted against the outer peripheral surface of the conical driving sleeve. Can be reliable will hang a section of thick bamboo and pass through cement and fix in the vertical mounting hole of tunnel roof.

Preferably, the elastic connecting arm is provided with a barb penetrating through the side wall of the hanging barrel and arranged inside the hanging barrel, the barb is provided with a vertical bolt hole, a vertical bolt for preventing the barb from being separated from the hanging barrel penetrates through the vertical bolt hole, and the upper end of the vertical bolt is provided with a large-diameter section and is hung on the barb. After the monitoring is finished, the vertical bolt is pushed upwards to enable the vertical bolt to fall off, and then the suspension cylinder is pulled downwards to enable the suspension cylinder to be taken out, and only the elastic connecting arm is retained in the vertical mounting hole. The recycling of the suspension cylinder is realized.

Preferably, a base ring is supported in the suspension cylinder through an upper placing block, and a plurality of ejector pins which are aligned with the vertical bolts in a one-to-one correspondence manner and can be inserted into the vertical bolt holes and used for ejecting the vertical bolts out of the vertical bolt holes are arranged on the base ring. When the lifting device is used, the vertical bolts are correspondingly positioned by the top pins through the upper top base ring, so that the vertical bolts are separated. Can once only deviate from all perpendicular bolts, convenience and efficiency when having improved the operation.

Preferably, the base ring is provided with a positioning vertical sliding pin penetrating through the upper placing block. Can prevent that the base ring from producing the rotation and shifting and leading to the knock pin can not align with the vertical bolt. The reliability during operation is improved.

Preferably, the vertical alignment rod is provided with a cable through hole penetrating through the vertical alignment rod along the length direction of the vertical alignment rod, the lower end of the vertical alignment rod is provided with a threaded sleeve, a horizontal gap communicated with the cable through hole is formed between the threaded sleeve and the lower end face of the vertical alignment rod, the lower end of the cable penetrates through the cable through hole and then penetrates through the horizontal gap, and the threaded sleeve is internally and threadedly connected with a cable fixing nut clamping the cable on the lower end face of the vertical alignment rod. During the use, loosen cable fixation nut, adjust the distance between vertical ratio antithetical couplet pole and the hanging section of thick bamboo to needs, then lock cable fixation nut and fix the cable with the pole to the vertical ratio. The distance between the vertical alignment rod and the suspension cylinder is adjustable, and convenience in installation can be improved.

The tunnel top wall settlement alarm device further comprises a power supply, an alarm, a conducting ring and a conducting block, wherein the power supply, the alarm, the conducting ring and the conducting block are connected in series, the conducting ring is connected to the mounting seat, the lower end of the conducting ring protrudes out of the mounting seat, the conducting block is connected to the vertical comparison rod, the conducting ring is sleeved on the vertical comparison rod, and the spacing distance between the conducting ring and the conducting block is the maximum allowable value of the settlement of the tunnel top wall. The alarm reminding can be carried out when the sedimentation amount reaches the maximum allowable value, so that the situation that the sedimentation amount cannot be found in time is prevented.

Preferably, the vertical alignment rod is provided with a vertically extending magnet strip, the conductive block is made of a ferromagnetic material, and the conductive block is adsorbed on the magnet strip and is fixed on the vertical alignment rod. It is achieved that the position of the conductive block can be conveniently moved. The monitoring alarm can be carried out when the maximum value of the settlement amount of the corresponding tunnel changes, and the universality is good.

Preferably, the mounting seat is of a tubular structure, the indicating needle is connected to the lower end face of the mounting seat, a plurality of elastic supporting legs distributed along the circumferential direction of the mounting seat are arranged on the outer circumferential face of the mounting seat, the elastic supporting legs are obliquely arranged in a state that the lower ends of the elastic supporting legs are far away from the mounting seat, the upper ends of the elastic supporting legs are connected with the mounting seat, the inhaul cable penetrates through the mounting seat, and the vertical comparison rod can be inserted into the mounting seat. The fixing of the graduated scale can be conveniently realized by fixing the mounting seat.

The invention also provides a method for monitoring the settlement of the top wall of the tunnel, which is characterized in that in the first step, vertical mounting holes are drilled on the top wall of the tunnel, and the depth of each vertical mounting hole is more than 1 meter; secondly, installing the suspension cylinder into the upper end of the vertical installation hole: filling cement slurry in the storage pit, lifting the suspension cylinder to the upper end of the vertical mounting hole, enabling the lower end of the elastic connecting arm to be in elastic butt joint with the hole wall of the vertical mounting hole, jacking the conical driving sleeve upwards, enabling the conical driving sleeve to move upwards to drive the inclined ejector rod to be inserted into the storage pit, jacking the flexible layer by the inclined ejector rod to enable the cement slurry in the storage pit to overflow, and bonding the elastic connecting arm and the vertical mounting hole together after the cement slurry overflows; and thirdly, fixing the mounting seat in the lower port of the vertical mounting hole, aligning the scale mark 0 of the graduated scale on the vertical comparison rod with the indicating needle, and reading the scale vertical of the graduated scale aligned with the indicating needle to acquire the settlement of the top wall of the tunnel in the monitoring process.

Preferably, in the third step, the distance between the conductive block and the conductive ring is equal to the maximum allowable value of the settlement of the top wall of the tunnel, when the top wall of the tunnel sinks, the indicating needle, the mounting seat and the conductive ring synchronously descend together, and the conductive ring and the conductive block are attached together to form a closed loop, and at the moment, the alarm gives an alarm, so that an operator can timely know that the maximum allowable amount of the settlement of the top wall of the tunnel is reached.

Preferably, the method for fixing the mounting seat in the vertical mounting hole comprises the following steps: a plurality of supporting pits with planar lower end surfaces are arranged on the peripheral surface of the lower end of the vertical mounting hole, the side surface of the supporting pit along the horizontal direction and the peripheral surface of the vertical mounting hole are in inclined surface transition, and the elastic supporting legs are supported on the lower end surfaces of the supporting pits to connect the mounting seat in the vertical mounting hole; when the mounting seat is taken out, the mounting seat is rotated to enable the supporting concave pits to extrude the elastic supporting legs along the side surfaces in the horizontal direction so as to enable the elastic supporting legs to be folded and separated from the supporting concave pits, and then the mounting seat is pulled down. The mounting seat can be reliably fixed, and labor is saved when the mounting seat is recovered.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the settlement amount can be known in time, and the settlement can be reliably fixed.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a side-sticking tunnel top wall settlement monitoring mechanism in use;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the suspension cylinder;

fig. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the vertical alignment rod.

In the figure: the device comprises a suspension cylinder 1, a stay cable 2, a graduated scale 3, a vertical comparison rod 4, an indicating needle 5, a mounting seat 6, an elastic connecting arm 7, a storage pit 8, a flexible inner lining layer 9, a lower laying block 10, a conical driving sleeve 11, an inclined ejector rod 12, a barb 13, a vertical bolt 14, an upper laying block 15, a base ring 16, an ejector pin 17, a positioning vertical sliding pin 18, a stay cable through hole 19, a threaded sleeve 20, a stay cable fixing nut 21, a conducting ring 22, a conducting block 23, a magnet strip 24, an elastic supporting leg 25, a tunnel top wall 26, a vertical mounting hole 27, a supporting pit 29 and a large-diameter section 30.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the side-sticking tunnel top wall settlement monitoring mechanism is characterized by comprising a hanging cylinder 1, a guy cable 2 with the upper end connected with the hanging cylinder, a vertical comparison rod 4 connected with a scale 3 arranged vertically at the lower end of the guy cable, and an annular indicating needle 5 sleeved on the vertical comparison rod and matched with the scale. The pointer is provided with a mounting seat 6. Be equipped with on the hanging section of thick bamboo periphery along a plurality of elastic connection arms 7 that hang a section of thick bamboo circumference and distribute, be equipped with on the upper surface of the one end of hanging a section of thick bamboo is kept away from to the linking arm upper surface and store the hole 8, store the hole and be equipped with flexible inner liner layer 9, thereby flexible inner liner layer only fixes together with the open end of storing the hole and makes flexible inner liner layer can be by jack-up. A conical driving sleeve 11 with a small upper end and a large lower end is supported in the hanging cylinder through a lower placing block 10, a plurality of inclined ejector rods 12 distributed along the circumferential direction of the hanging cylinder penetrate through the side wall of the hanging cylinder, the high ends of the ejector rods penetrate through the jack in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the low ends of the ejector rods are abutted against the outer circumferential surface of the conical driving sleeve. The elastic connecting arm is provided with a barb 13 penetrating through the side wall of the hanging cylinder and arranged inside the hanging cylinder, the barb is provided with a vertical bolt hole, the vertical bolt hole penetrates through a vertical bolt 14 preventing the barb from being disengaged from the hanging cylinder, and the upper end of the vertical bolt is provided with a large-diameter section 30 and is hung on the barb. A base ring 16 is supported in the suspension cylinder through an upper placing block 15, and a plurality of ejector pins 17 which are aligned with the vertical pins one by one and can be inserted into the vertical pin holes and used for ejecting the vertical pins out of the vertical pin holes are arranged on the base ring. The base ring is provided with a positioning vertical sliding pin 18 which penetrates through the upper placing block. The vertical alignment rod is provided with a guy cable through hole 19 which penetrates through the vertical alignment rod along the length direction of the vertical alignment rod, and the lower end of the vertical alignment rod is provided with a threaded sleeve 20. The thread bush is equipped with the horizontal gap with cable via hole intercommunication between the lower terminal surface of pole with the vertical ratio, and the lower extreme of cable passes, passes horizontal gap behind the cable via hole again, and threaded connection has the cable fixation nut 21 of pressing from both sides the cable tight on pole lower terminal surface is compared to the vertical ratio in the thread bush. The tunnel top wall settlement alarm further comprises a power supply, an alarm, a conducting ring 22 and a conducting block 23, wherein the power supply, the alarm and the conducting ring are connected together in series, the conducting ring 22 is connected to the mounting seat, the lower end of the conducting ring protrudes out of the mounting seat, the conducting block is connected to the vertical comparison rod, the conducting ring is sleeved on the vertical comparison rod, and the spacing distance between the conducting ring and the conducting block is the maximum allowable value of the settlement of the tunnel top wall. The vertical alignment rod is provided with a vertically extending magnet strip 24, the conductive block is made of ferromagnet, and the conductive block is adsorbed on the magnet strip and is fixed on the vertical alignment rod. The mounting seat is tubular structure, and the pointer is connected on the lower terminal surface of mounting seat, be equipped with a plurality of elastic support feet 25 along the mounting seat circumference distribution on the outer peripheral face of mounting seat. The elastic supporting legs are obliquely arranged in a state that the lower ends of the elastic supporting legs are far away from the mounting seat, the upper ends of the elastic supporting legs are connected with the mounting seat, the inhaul cable penetrates through the mounting seat, and the vertical comparison rod can be inserted into the mounting seat.

The method for monitoring the settlement of the top wall of the tunnel by the side-sticking tunnel top wall settlement monitoring mechanism comprises the following steps: firstly, drilling a vertical mounting hole 27 on a tunnel top wall 26, wherein the depth of the vertical mounting hole is more than 1 m; secondly, installing the suspension cylinder into the upper end of the vertical installation hole: filling cement slurry in the storage pit, lifting the suspension cylinder to the upper end of the vertical mounting hole, enabling the lower end of the elastic connecting arm to be in elastic butt joint with the hole wall of the vertical mounting hole, jacking the conical driving sleeve upwards, enabling the conical driving sleeve to move upwards to drive the inclined ejector rod to be inserted into the storage pit, jacking the flexible layer by the inclined ejector rod to enable the cement slurry in the storage pit to overflow, and bonding the elastic connecting arm and the vertical mounting hole together after the cement slurry overflows; and thirdly, fixing the mounting seat in the lower port of the vertical mounting hole, aligning the scale mark 0 of the graduated scale on the vertical comparison rod with the indicating needle, and reading the scale vertical of the graduated scale aligned with the indicating needle to acquire the settlement of the top wall of the tunnel in the monitoring process. And thirdly, enabling the distance between the conductive block and the conductive ring to be equal to the maximum allowable value of the settlement of the top wall of the tunnel, when the top wall of the tunnel sinks, synchronously descending the indicating needle, the mounting seat and the conductive ring together, and descending the conductive ring to be attached to the conductive block to form a closed loop, wherein the alarm can give an alarm, so that an operator can timely know that the settlement of the top wall of the tunnel reaches the maximum allowable value. The method for fixing the mounting seat in the vertical mounting hole comprises the following steps: a plurality of supporting pits 29 with planar lower end surfaces are arranged on the peripheral surface of the lower end of the vertical mounting hole, the side surface of the supporting pit along the horizontal direction and the peripheral surface of the vertical mounting hole are in inclined surface transition, and the elastic supporting legs are supported on the lower end surfaces of the supporting pits to connect the mounting seat in the vertical mounting hole; when the mounting seat is taken out, the mounting seat is rotated to enable the supporting concave pits to extrude the elastic supporting legs along the side surfaces in the horizontal direction so as to enable the elastic supporting legs to be folded and separated from the supporting concave pits, and then the mounting seat is pulled down.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a side glues formula tunnel roof settlement monitoring mechanism, its characterized in that, including a hang section of thick bamboo, upper end with hang the cable that a section of thick bamboo links together, connect the cable lower extreme establish the vertical ratio of the scale of vertical device and establish on vertical ratio pole with scale complex annular pointer, the pointer is equipped with the mount pad, be equipped with a plurality of elastic connecting arm along hanging a circumference distribution on the section of thick bamboo periphery, be equipped with the storage hole on the upper surface of the one end of hanging a section of thick bamboo is kept away from to the linking arm upper surface, the storage hole is equipped with the jack and is equipped with flexible inner liner, flexible inner liner only fixes together with the open end of storage hole, it supports the toper driving cover that the upper end is little big to shelve the piece down in the hang section of thick bamboo, wear to be equipped with a plurality of oblique ejector pin along hanging a section of thick bamboo circumference distribution on the lateral wall of hang section of thick bamboo, the high-end one-to-one ground of oblique ejector pin wears to locate in the jack, The lower end of the conical driving sleeve is abutted against the outer peripheral surface of the conical driving sleeve.

2. The mechanism of claim 1, wherein the resilient connecting arm is provided with a barb penetrating into the hanging cylinder and provided on a side wall of the hanging cylinder, the barb is provided with a vertical pin hole, the vertical pin hole is provided with a vertical pin for preventing the barb from disengaging from the hanging cylinder, and an upper end of the vertical pin is provided with a large diameter section to hang on the barb.

3. The mechanism of claim 2, wherein the suspension tube supports a base ring through an upper rest block, and the base ring is provided with a plurality of pins which are aligned with the vertical pins in a one-to-one correspondence manner and can be inserted into the vertical pin holes for ejecting the vertical pins out of the vertical pin holes.

4. The mechanism of claim 3, wherein the base ring is provided with a positioning vertical sliding pin penetrating through the upper placing block.

5. The top wall settlement monitoring mechanism for the side-sticking tunnel according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the vertical alignment rod is provided with a cable through hole penetrating through the vertical alignment rod along the length direction of the vertical alignment rod, the lower end of the vertical alignment rod is provided with a threaded sleeve, a horizontal gap communicated with the cable through hole is formed between the threaded sleeve and the lower end surface of the vertical alignment rod, the lower end of the cable passes through the cable through hole and then passes through the horizontal gap, and the threaded sleeve is internally and threadedly connected with a cable fixing nut for clamping the cable on the lower end surface of the vertical alignment rod.

6. The mechanism for monitoring settlement of top wall of side-sticking tunnel according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, further comprising a power source, an alarm, a conductive ring connected to the mounting seat and having a lower end protruding from the mounting seat, and a conductive block connected to the vertical alignment rod, wherein the conductive ring is sleeved on the vertical alignment rod, and the distance between the conductive ring and the conductive block is the maximum allowable value of the settlement of the top wall of the tunnel.

7. The mechanism as claimed in claim 6, wherein the vertical alignment rod is provided with a magnet strip extending vertically, the conductive block is made of ferromagnetic material, and the conductive block is adsorbed on the magnet strip and fixed on the vertical alignment rod.

8. The mechanism for monitoring settlement of the top wall of the side-sticking tunnel according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the mounting seat is of a tubular structure, the pointer is connected to the lower end surface of the mounting seat, a plurality of elastic supporting legs distributed along the circumferential direction of the mounting seat are arranged on the circumferential surface of the mounting seat, the elastic supporting legs are obliquely arranged in a state that the lower ends of the elastic supporting legs are far away from the mounting seat, the upper ends of the elastic supporting legs are connected with the mounting seat, the guy cable penetrates through the mounting seat, and the vertical alignment rod can be inserted into the mounting seat.

9. The tunnel top wall settlement monitoring method suitable for the side-sticking tunnel top wall settlement monitoring mechanism of claim 1 is characterized in that in the first step, vertical mounting holes are drilled on the tunnel top wall, and the depth of the vertical mounting holes is more than 1 meter; secondly, installing the suspension cylinder into the upper end of the vertical installation hole: filling cement slurry in the storage pit, lifting the suspension cylinder to the upper end of the vertical mounting hole, enabling the lower end of the elastic connecting arm to be in elastic butt joint with the hole wall of the vertical mounting hole, jacking the conical driving sleeve upwards, enabling the conical driving sleeve to move upwards to drive the inclined ejector rod to be inserted into the storage pit, jacking the flexible layer by the inclined ejector rod to enable the cement slurry in the storage pit to overflow, and bonding the elastic connecting arm and the vertical mounting hole together after the cement slurry overflows; and thirdly, fixing the mounting seat in the lower port of the vertical mounting hole, aligning the scale mark 0 of the graduated scale on the vertical comparison rod with the indicating needle, and reading the scale vertical of the graduated scale aligned with the indicating needle to acquire the settlement of the top wall of the tunnel in the monitoring process.

10. The method for monitoring settlement of the top wall of the tunnel according to claim 9, wherein in the third step, the distance between the conductive block and the conductive ring is made equal to the maximum allowable value of the settlement amount of the top wall of the tunnel, when the top wall of the tunnel sinks, the pointer, the mounting seat and the conductive ring synchronously descend together, and the pointer, the mounting seat and the conductive ring descend until the conductive ring and the conductive block are attached together to form a closed loop, and then the alarm gives an alarm, so that the operator can timely know that the settlement amount of the top wall of the tunnel reaches the maximum allowable amount.