CN113532224B - Hob front cutter face detection method - Google Patents

Hob front cutter face detection method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113532224B
CN113532224B CN202111078000.XA CN202111078000A CN113532224B CN 113532224 B CN113532224 B CN 113532224B CN 202111078000 A CN202111078000 A CN 202111078000A CN 113532224 B CN113532224 B CN 113532224B
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hob
rake face
reference plate
shaped reference
detected
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CN113532224A (en
Inventor
吴国庆
李敬
李伟
赵向阳
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CRRC Qishuyan Institute Co Ltd
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CRRC Qishuyan Institute Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B5/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B5/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
    • G01B5/02Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness

Abstract

The invention relates to a hob front cutter face detection method, and belongs to the technical field of mechanical detection. The method comprises the steps of manufacturing a tool, selecting a gauge block, assembling the tool, positioning and contacting, checking contact and judging out-of-tolerance, wherein according to the fact that a contact point is located on the inner side or the outer side of a rake face to be detected, an equation is replaced by a design offset upper limit value or a lower limit value from the rake face to the axis of a hob, and if the rake face to be detected is still in point contact with an L-shaped datum plate and the contact point is the same as the previous one, the out-of-tolerance is judged; otherwise, judging to be qualified, and finishing the detection of the rake face to be detected. The method of the invention can finish the detection of the front cutter face of the hob by only using a simple special tool without expensive special detection instruments, and creates conditions for judging whether the grinding result is qualified, thereby reducing the product quality risk and being practical and feasible.

Description

Hob front cutter face detection method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a detection method, in particular to a hob front cutter face detection method, and belongs to the technical field of mechanical detection.
Background
The method for machining involute cylindrical gear teeth by adopting integral straight-groove hob hobbing is a common machining method, and has the advantages of simple process and convenience in maintenance. The hob is generally ground by a hob grinding machine. In the case of an integral straight-groove hob, the offset error between the ground rake face and the axis of the hob is directly related to the gear tooth precision, especially the tooth profile precision, of the machined gear.
In the actual grinding of the hob, the offset between the rake face of the hob and the axis of the inner bore of the hob cannot be directly measured, so a grinding wheel is usually used to slightly lean against the rake face of the hob to determine the offset of the rake face of the hob. Practice shows that the following problems are inevitable in the mode: 1) the light leaning process of the grinding wheel has high technical requirements on operators, and the grinding precision cannot avoid the influence of human factors; 2) if the front cutter face of the hob to be ground does not meet the requirements of a drawing, the hob will be inherited to a subsequent grinding process, and accumulated errors are generated to enable the grinding of the subsequent front cutter face to deviate from the design requirements more and more until the hob is scrapped due to over-tolerance.
As a simple and feasible method for detecting the front cutter face of the hob on site is not available and a special detection instrument is very expensive, most hob manufacturers cannot reasonably detect the front cutter face after grinding, the grinding quality of the hob is difficult to guarantee practically, and as a result, the rejection rate of subsequent hobbing is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the problems in the prior art, the hob front cutter face detection method can be conveniently realized by means of a simple tool, so that the grinding quality is practically ensured, and the rejection rate of hobbing is effectively reduced.
In order to achieve the purposes, the basic technical scheme of the hob rake face detection method is as follows:
firstly, manufacturing a tool, wherein the tool consists of a mandrel with the outer diameter matched with the inner hole of the hob, a group of gauge blocks and an L-shaped reference plate with a preset thickness; a radial rectangular hole with a positioning side at a preset distance from the axis of the roller is formed in the mandrel; the width of the gauge block is matched with that of the radial rectangular hole, and the gauge blocks are arranged to have different thicknesses according to a preset rule; the width of the main body of the L-shaped reference plate is matched with that of the radial rectangular hole;
secondly, selecting a gauge block, namely selecting the gauge block matching thickness according to the design parameters of the hob to be measured and according to the following formula
l2=E+l1- l3
In the formula
l2-gauge block matching thickness;
e, designing offset distance from the front cutter face to the axis of the hob;
l1the positioning side of the radial rectangular hole of the mandrel is a predetermined distance from the axis of the hob;
l3-a predetermined thickness of the L-shaped reference plate;
thirdly, assembling a tool, namely inserting the selected gauge block in a matched manner together with the L-shaped reference plate into a radial rectangular hole of the mandrel to be in place;
fourthly, positioning contact, namely sleeving the inner hole of the hob on the mandrel and rotating the hob relatively to enable the rake face to be detected to be contacted with the adjacent surface of the L-shaped reference plate;
fifthly, checking contact, namely checking the contact state of the rake face to be detected and the L-shaped reference plate: if the rake face to be detected is in line contact with the L-shaped reference plate, judging that the rake face to be detected is qualified, and finishing the detection of the rake face to be detected; if the rake face to be measured is in point contact with the L-shaped reference plate, respectively judging whether the actual offset distance from the rake face to be measured to the axis of the hob is smaller than or larger than the design offset distance according to the fact that the contact point is located on the inner side or the outer side of the rake face to be measured, and carrying out the next step;
sixthly, judging out-of-tolerance, namely replacing the E value in the formula by the upper limit value or the lower limit value of the design offset distance from the rake face to the axis of the hob respectively according to the condition that the contact point is positioned on the inner side or the outer side of the rake face to be detected, and then performing the second step to the fifth step; in the fifth step, if the rake face to be measured and the L-shaped reference plate are still in point contact and the contact point is the same as the previous one, the cutter is judged to be out of tolerance; otherwise, judging to be qualified, and finishing the detection of the rake face to be detected.
The method of the invention can finish the detection of the front cutter face of the hob by only using a simple special tool without expensive special detection instruments, and creates conditions for judging whether the grinding result is qualified, thereby reducing the product quality risk and being practical and feasible.
The invention has the further perfection that: the mandrel is composed of a coaxial main body section and a reducing clamping section.
The invention has the further improvement that: the main body section is provided with a radial rectangular hole with a positioning side at a preset distance from the axis of the roller.
The invention has the further perfection that: and in the third step, the selected gauge block is matched with the L-shaped reference plate, is inserted into the radial rectangular hole of the mandrel together with the L-shaped reference plate, and then is fixed by the fastening bolt.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples, which are given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic sectional structure view of fig. 1.
Figure 3 is a schematic view of a mandrel configuration according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic sectional structure view of fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a gauge block combination structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a structural diagram of a measurement state according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the contact point between the rake face to be measured and the L-shaped reference plate according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the contact point between the rake face to be measured and the L-shaped reference plate according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Examples
The hob rake face detection method comprises the following steps:
first step, manufacturing tool
As shown in figures 1 to 5, the tool comprises a mandrel 1 with the outer diameter matched with the inner hole of a hob 6, a group of gauge blocks 2 and a preset thickness l3And an L-shaped reference plate 3. The mandrel 1 is composed of a main body section 1-3 and a reducing clamping section 1-1 which are coaxial, a positioning side 1-2-1 is arranged on the main body section 1-3 and is a preset distance l from the axis 1-1-1 of the hob of the main body section11-2. The center of the opposite surface of the positioning side 1-2-1 of the radial rectangular hole 1-2 is provided with a fastening bolt 4.
The width of the gauge block 2 is matched with the width of the radial rectangular hole 1-2, and the gauge blocks 2 are arranged with different thicknesses according to preset equal difference, equal ratio series or other rules. And the thickness is marked on the non-working surface of the corresponding gauge block after being calibrated, so that the gauge block is convenient to look up. The body width of the L-shaped reference plate 3 also matches the width of the radial rectangular holes 1-2.
Second, selecting gauge block
Referring to FIG. 6, therein is shown
E, designing the nominal offset distance from the rake face to the axis of the hob;
l1the positioning side of the radial rectangular hole of the mandrel is a predetermined distance from the axis of the hob;
l2-gauge block matching thickness;
l3-a predetermined thickness of the L-shaped reference plate.
es is the upper tolerance of the value E, namely E + es is the upper limit value of the design offset distance from the rake face to the axis of the hob;
ei is the lower tolerance for the value of E, i.e. E-ei is the lower limit for the design offset of the rake face to the hob axis.
Selecting gauge block matching thickness l according to design parameters of hob 6 to be measured according to the following formula2
l2=E+l1- l3
In the formula
l2The gauge block 2 is matched with the thickness, and the gauge blocks with various thicknesses are respectively 2-1, 2-2 … and 2-N;
e-the design offset (nominal dimension) of the rake face to the hob axis;
l1the radial rectangular hole 1-2 of the mandrel is positioned at a preset distance from the positioning side 1-2-1 to the axis 1-1-1 of the hob;
l3-a predetermined thickness of the L-shaped reference plate 3.
Thirdly, assembling tool
The selected gauge block 2 is inserted into position along with the L-shaped reference plate 3 into the radial rectangular hole 1-2 of the mandrel 1 and secured by means of the fastening bolt 4.
Fourth, positioning the contact
And sleeving the inner hole 6-2 of the hob cutter 6 on the main body section 1-3 of the mandrel 1, and rotating relatively to enable the rake face 6-1 to be measured to be in contact with the adjacent surface of the L-shaped reference plate 3.
Fifth, checking contact
Checking the contact state of the rake face 6-1 to be detected and the L-shaped reference plate 3: if the rake face 6-1 to be detected is in line contact with the L-shaped reference plate 3, the actual distance from the rake face 6-1 to the axis of the hob is exactly equal to the design offset E, so that the determination is qualified, and the detection of the rake face to be detected is finished.
In most cases, the rake face 6-1 to be measured is in point contact with the L-shaped datum plate 3, and the actual offset distance from the rake face 6-1 to be measured to the hob axis 1-1-1 is judged to be smaller than or larger than the design offset distance according to whether the contact point is on the inner side (shown in fig. 7) or the outer side (shown in fig. 8) of the rake face 6-1 to be measured, and the next step is performed.
Sixth step, out-of-tolerance judgment
When the contact point is positioned on the inner side of the rake face 6-1 to be detected, replacing the E value in the formula by the upper bound value E + es of the design offset distance from the rake face to the axis of the hob, and then carrying out the second step to the fifth step; in the fifth step, if the rake face 6-1 to be measured and the L-shaped reference plate 3 are still in point contact and the contact point is the same as before, i.e. the rake face 6-1 to be measured is still inside, the out-of-tolerance is determined; otherwise, if the contact point is outside the rake face 6-1 to be measured or is in line contact, the determination is made as qualified, and the detection of the rake face to be measured is ended.
When the contact point is positioned outside the rake face 6-1 to be measured, replacing the value E in the formula by the lower limit E-ei of the design offset distance from the rake face to the axis of the hob, and then performing the second step to the fifth step; in the fifth step, if the rake face 6-1 to be measured and the L-shaped reference plate 3 are still in point contact and the contact point is the same as before, i.e. the rake face 6-1 to be measured is still outside, the out-of-tolerance is determined; otherwise, if the contact point is inside the rake face 6-1 to be measured or is in line contact, the determination is made as qualified, and the detection of the rake face to be measured is ended.
Practice proves that the problem that the special detector is high in cost is solved, detection operation in the production process is simplified, effective control of product quality in the production process is achieved, product quality risks are reduced, manufacturing cost is reduced, and the method is practical and feasible. And the thickness and the length of the core shaft and the detection plate with different specifications can be replaced, and the detection range is wide.
In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A hob front cutter face detection method is characterized in that:
firstly, manufacturing a tool, wherein the tool consists of a mandrel with the outer diameter matched with the inner hole of the hob, a group of gauge blocks and an L-shaped reference plate with a preset thickness; a radial rectangular hole with a positioning side at a preset distance from the axis of the roller is formed in the mandrel; the width of the gauge block is matched with that of the radial rectangular hole, and the gauge blocks are arranged to have different thicknesses according to a preset rule; the width of the main body of the L-shaped reference plate is matched with that of the radial rectangular hole;
secondly, selecting a gauge block, namely selecting the gauge block matching thickness according to the design parameters of the hob to be measured and according to the following formula
l2=E+l1- l3
In the formula
l2-gauge block matching thickness;
e, designing offset distance from the front cutter face to the axis of the hob;
l1the positioning side of the radial rectangular hole of the mandrel is a predetermined distance from the axis of the hob;
l3-a predetermined thickness of the L-shaped reference plate;
thirdly, assembling a tool, namely inserting the selected gauge block in a matched manner together with the L-shaped reference plate into a radial rectangular hole of the mandrel to be in place;
fourthly, positioning contact, namely sleeving the inner hole of the hob on the mandrel and rotating the hob relatively to enable the rake face to be detected to be contacted with the adjacent surface of the L-shaped reference plate;
fifthly, checking contact, namely checking the contact state of the rake face to be detected and the L-shaped reference plate: if the rake face to be detected is in line contact with the L-shaped reference plate, judging that the rake face to be detected is qualified, and finishing the detection of the rake face to be detected; if the rake face to be measured is in point contact with the L-shaped reference plate, respectively judging whether the actual offset distance from the rake face to be measured to the axis of the hob is smaller than or larger than the design offset distance according to the fact that the contact point is located on the inner side or the outer side of the rake face to be measured, and carrying out the next step;
sixthly, judging out-of-tolerance, namely replacing the E value in the formula by the upper limit value or the lower limit value of the design offset distance from the rake face to the axis of the hob respectively according to the condition that the contact point is positioned on the inner side or the outer side of the rake face to be detected, and then performing the second step to the fifth step; in the fifth step, if the rake face to be measured and the L-shaped reference plate are still in point contact and the contact point is the same as the previous one, the cutter is judged to be out of tolerance; otherwise, judging to be qualified, and finishing the detection of the rake face to be detected.
2. The hob rake face detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mandrel is composed of a coaxial main body section and a reducing clamping section.
3. The hob rake face detection method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the main body section is provided with a radial rectangular hole with a positioning side at a preset distance from the axis of the roller.
4. The hob rake face detection method according to claim 3, characterized in that: and in the third step, the selected gauge block is matched with the L-shaped reference plate, is inserted into the radial rectangular hole of the mandrel together with the L-shaped reference plate, and then is fixed by the fastening bolt.
CN202111078000.XA 2021-09-15 2021-09-15 Hob front cutter face detection method Active CN113532224B (en)

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Address after: 213011 258 Wuyi Road, Changzhou, Jiangsu

Patentee after: CRRC Qishuyan Locomotive and Rolling Stock Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd.

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Address before: 213011 258 Wuyi Road, Changzhou, Jiangsu

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