CN113532100A

CN113532100A - Mining smelting furnace for producing pellets

Info

Publication number: CN113532100A
Application number: CN202110763615.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 纪恒; 毕忠新; 董志民; 靳亚涛; 朱建秋; 康媛
Original assignee: HBIS Co Ltd Chengde Branch
Current assignee: HBIS Co Ltd Chengde Branch
Priority date: 2021-07-06
Filing date: 2021-07-06
Publication date: 2021-10-22

Abstract

The invention provides a mining smelting furnace for producing pellets, which belongs to the technical field of iron-making agglomeration and comprises a furnace body, a combustion structure, a cooling air pipe and a circulating pipeline, wherein the upper end and the lower end of the furnace body are respectively provided with a feeding hole and a discharging hole; the furnace body is internally provided with a preheating chamber, a roasting chamber, a cooling chamber and a blanking chamber, a combustion structure is communicated with the roasting chamber, the combustion structure is arranged around the preheating chamber, a cooling air pipe is communicated with the cooling chamber, a circulating pipeline is arranged on the outer side of the furnace body, the lower end of the circulating pipeline is communicated with the cooling chamber, and the upper end of the circulating pipeline is communicated with the combustion structure. According to the mining smelting furnace for producing the pellets, provided by the invention, the cold air generates high-temperature gas after heat exchange is carried out between the cooling chamber and the pellets, and the high-temperature gas enters the circulating pipeline and moves upwards to the combustion structure, so that the combustion structure is kept in a high-temperature state, the energy is saved, and the waste condition caused by directly discharging the high-temperature gas is avoided.

Description

Mining smelting furnace for producing pellets

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of iron-making agglomeration, and particularly relates to a mining smelting furnace for producing pellets.

Background

The shaft furnace production is used as an early method for producing pellets, has the characteristics of simple structure, convenient maintenance, no need of special materials, high thermal efficiency and the like, and accounts for about 40 percent of the pellet production capacity in China.

Foreign shaft furnaces generally have the following disadvantages: firstly, the power consumption is high. The power consumption can reach 50 kwh/t. The reason is that: the vertical furnace has high column height, large airflow resistance and high requirement on the working pressure of the main fan, so that the power consumption is increased. And secondly, foreign shaft furnace pellets generally adopt high-heat-value fuel oil or natural gas and are only used for roasting magnetite pellets. In the existing roasting shaft furnace, hot gas generated by roasting is usually directly discharged out of the furnace body, so that energy waste is caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a mining smelting furnace for producing pellets, which aims to solve the technical problem that energy is easily wasted in the production process of a shaft furnace in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the utility model provides a mining smelting furnace of production pellet includes:

the upper end and the lower end of the furnace body are respectively provided with a feeding hole and a discharging hole; a preheating chamber, a roasting chamber, a cooling chamber and a blanking chamber are sequentially arranged in the furnace body from top to bottom, the feed inlet is connected with the preheating chamber, and the discharge outlet is connected with the blanking chamber;

the combustion structure is communicated with the roasting chamber and is used for providing heat energy for the roasting chamber; the combustion structure is arranged around the preheating chamber and used for transferring heat into the preheating chamber;

the cooling air pipe is communicated with the cooling chamber and is used for providing cold air into the cooling chamber;

and the circulating pipeline is arranged on the outer side of the furnace body, the lower end of the circulating pipeline is communicated with the cooling chamber, and the upper end of the circulating pipeline is communicated with the combustion structure.

In one possible implementation, the combustion structure includes:

the upper end of the roasting chamber is provided with an opening for accommodating the lower end of the preheating chamber, the lower end of the preheating chamber enters the opening, and a gap is formed between the outer side surface of the preheating chamber and the inner wall of the roasting chamber to form the combustion chamber; the upper end of the circulating pipeline is communicated with the combustion chamber;

the support plate is of an annular structure and sleeved on the preheating chamber; the supporting plate is positioned above the combustion chamber; the supporting plate is provided with a connecting hole communicated with the combustion chamber;

the air supply pipe is arranged on the support plate; one end of the air supply pipe penetrates through the connecting hole to be communicated with the combustion chamber.

In a possible implementation manner, the roasting chamber comprises a cylindrical barrel section, a conical barrel section and a feed opening section, the lower end of the preheating chamber enters the cylindrical barrel section, the combustion chamber is communicated with the conical barrel section, and the feed opening section is communicated with the cooling chamber.

In a possible implementation manner, the roasting chamber further comprises a wind shield and a torsion spring, the wind shield is located in the lower opening section and is hinged to the lower opening section, and the torsion spring is arranged on a hinged shaft of the wind shield and the lower opening section and used for driving the wind shield to reset.

In one possible implementation, the circulation duct includes:

an upper annular tube disposed around an upper side of the combustion structure; the upper annular pipe is provided with a plurality of first branch pipes, and each first branch pipe is communicated with the combustion structure;

a lower ring pipe disposed around an upper side of the cooling chamber; the lower annular pipe is provided with a plurality of second branch pipes, and each second branch pipe is communicated with the cooling chamber;

the vertical connecting pipes are multiple and are respectively arranged between the upper annular pipe and the lower annular pipe; the upper end and the lower end of each vertical connecting pipe are respectively communicated with the upper annular pipe and the lower annular pipe.

In a possible implementation manner, the cooling air pipe horizontally extends into the blanking chamber, and the tail end of the cooling air pipe is bent upwards, so that the cooling air pipe is provided with an upward air outlet.

In a possible implementation manner, the tail end of the cooling air pipe is provided with a blocking cover plate for blocking impurities from entering the cooling chamber, and a gap is formed between the blocking cover plate and the tail end of the cooling air pipe; and a groove is formed in one end, close to the cooling air pipe, of the blocking cover plate.

In a possible implementation manner, the blanking chamber is of a conical structure with a large upper part and a small lower part.

In one possible implementation, the smelting for producing the pellet ore further comprises:

and the conveyor is positioned below the furnace body, corresponds to the discharge port and is used for conveying the pellets.

The mining smelting furnace for producing the pellets has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, when the smelting furnace for producing the pellets is used, the combustion structure is started to respectively provide heat energy with the preheating chamber and the combustion chamber, green pellets enter the preheating chamber from the feed inlet of the furnace body, and are preheated in the process of gradually descending the pellet level; the pellets enter a roasting chamber after being preheated, the temperature in the furnace body reaches the highest, the pellets can be fully oxidized and roasted in the roasting chamber for a roasting time, after the pellets reach the target consolidation requirement, the pellets continuously move downwards into a cooling chamber, are cooled by cold air in a cooling air pipe, enter a blanking chamber, and then pass through a discharge hole of the furnace body to be discharged; the cold wind produces high-temperature gas after cooling chamber and pelletizing take place heat exchange, and high-temperature gas gets into in the circulating line and upwards moves to the combustion structure, is favorable to the combustion structure to keep the high temperature state, has practiced thrift the energy, avoids appearing the waste condition that high-temperature gas directly discharges and produce.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a mining smelting furnace for producing pellets according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the installation of a wind deflector according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a vertical connecting pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein, in the figures, the respective reference numerals:

1. a furnace body; 11. a feed inlet; 12. a discharge port; 13. a preheating chamber; 14. a roasting chamber; 141. a cylindrical barrel section; 142. a conical barrel section; 143. a feed opening section; 144. a wind deflector; 15. a cooling chamber; 16. a blanking chamber; 2. a combustion structure; 21. a combustion chamber; 22. a support plate; 221. connecting holes; 23. a gas supply pipe; 3. cooling the air pipe; 31. blocking the cover plate; 4. a circulation pipe; 41. an upper annular tube; 411. a first branch pipe; 42. a lower annular tube; 421. a second branch pipe; 43. a vertical connecting pipe; 44. a first pipe member; 45. a second pipe member; 46. a horizontal tube; 47. plugging the end head; 5. a conveyor.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.

It will be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like, as used herein, refer to an orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings that is solely for the purpose of facilitating the description and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and is therefore not to be construed as limiting the invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

Referring to fig. 1, a description will now be given of a mining smelting furnace for producing pellets, which furnace is provided in accordance with the present invention. A mining smelting furnace for producing pellets comprises a furnace body 1, a combustion structure 2, a cooling air pipe 3 and a circulating pipeline 4, wherein the upper end and the lower end of the furnace body 1 are respectively provided with a feeding hole 11 and a discharging hole 12; a preheating chamber 13, a roasting chamber 14, a cooling chamber 15 and a blanking chamber 16 are arranged in the furnace body 1 from top to bottom in sequence, a feed inlet 11 is connected with the preheating chamber 13, and a discharge outlet 12 is connected with the blanking chamber 16; the combustion structure 2 is communicated with the roasting chamber 14 and is used for providing heat energy for the roasting chamber 14; the combustion structure 2 is arranged around the preheating chamber 13 and is used for transferring heat into the preheating chamber 13; the cooling air pipe 3 is communicated with the cooling chamber 15 and is used for providing cold air into the cooling chamber 15; the circulating pipeline 4 is arranged outside the furnace body 1, the lower end of the circulating pipeline is communicated with the cooling chamber 15, and the upper end of the circulating pipeline is communicated with the combustion structure 2.

Compared with the prior art, the mining smelting furnace for producing the pellets, provided by the invention, has the advantages that when the mining smelting furnace is used, the combustion structure 2 is started to respectively provide heat energy with the preheating chamber 13 and the combustion chamber 21, green pellets enter the preheating chamber 13 from the feed inlet 11 of the furnace body 1, and are preheated in the process of gradually descending pellet charge level; the pellets enter a roasting chamber 14 after being preheated, the temperature in the furnace body 1 reaches the highest, the pellets have sufficient oxidizing roasting time in the roasting chamber 14, and after the pellets reach the target consolidation requirement, the pellets continuously move downwards to a cooling chamber 15, are cooled by cold air in a cooling air pipe 3, enter a blanking chamber 16, and then pass through a discharge hole 12 of the furnace body 1 to be discharged; the cold wind produces high-temperature gas after 15 and pelletizing take place heat exchange in the cooling chamber, and high-temperature gas gets into in the circulating line 4 and upwards moves to the combustion structure 2, is favorable to combustion structure 2 to keep the high temperature state, has practiced thrift the energy, avoids appearing the waste condition that high-temperature gas directly discharges and produce.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, as a specific embodiment of the smelting furnace for pellet production provided by the present invention, the combustion structure 2 includes a combustion chamber 21, a support plate 22 and a gas supply pipe 23, an opening for receiving the lower end of the preheating chamber 13 is provided at the upper end of the roasting chamber 14, the lower end of the preheating chamber 13 enters the opening, a gap is provided between the outer side surface of the preheating chamber 13 and the inner wall of the roasting chamber 14 to form the combustion chamber 21; the upper end of the circulation pipe 4 is communicated with the combustion chamber 21; the support plate 22 is of an annular structure and is sleeved on the preheating chamber 13; the support plate 22 is located above the combustion chamber 21; the supporting plate 22 is provided with a connecting hole 221 communicated with the combustion chamber 21; the air supply pipe 23 is arranged on the support plate 22; one end of the air supply pipe 23 passes through the connecting hole 221 to be communicated with the combustion chamber 21, the lower end of the preheating chamber 13 enters the roasting chamber 14, a certain gap is formed between the outer wall of the preheating chamber 13 and the inner wall of the roasting chamber 14, the gap is the combustion chamber 21 of the combustion structure 2, a support plate 22 provided with an annular structure is installed on the outer side surface of the preheating chamber 13, the lower end surface of the support plate is connected with the roasting chamber 14, the air supply pipe 23 is installed on the support plate 22, and the air supply pipe 23 passes through the connecting hole 221 on the support plate 22 to be communicated with the combustion chamber 21 to supply air for combustion of the combustion chamber 21; in this way, the combustion structure 2 can provide heat energy for the roasting chamber 14 by means of the communication between the combustion chamber 21 and the roasting chamber 14, and the combustion chamber 21 is arranged around the preheating chamber 13, and the combustion chamber 21 provides certain heat energy for the preheating chamber 13, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the preheating chamber 13. The support plate 22, the preheating chamber 13 and the roasting chamber 14 enclose a sealed combustion chamber 21.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, as a specific embodiment of the mining smelting furnace for producing pellets according to the present invention, the roasting chamber 14 includes a cylindrical section 141, a conical section 142, and a feed opening section 143, the lower end of the preheating chamber 13 enters the cylindrical section 141, the combustion chamber 21 communicates with the conical section 142, the feed opening section 143 communicates with the cooling chamber 15, the cylindrical section 141 is used for accommodating the lower end of the preheating chamber 13, the combustion chamber 21 is formed between the lower end of the preheating chamber 13 entering the cylindrical section 141 and the inner wall of the cylindrical section 141, and pellets directly enter the conical section 142 after passing through the preheating chamber 13; and the arrangement of the feed opening section 143 connected to the smaller end of the conical barrel section 142 can achieve the purpose of guiding the pellets to move downward accurately.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, as a specific embodiment of the mining smelting furnace for producing pellets according to the present invention, the roasting chamber 14 further includes a wind deflector 144 and a torsion spring, the wind deflector 144 is located in the feed opening section 143 and is hinged to the feed opening section 143, and the torsion spring is disposed on a hinge shaft of the wind deflector 144 and the feed opening section 143 to drive the wind deflector 144 to return; the wind shield 144 is horizontal in normal state, and can prevent the cooling in the cooling chamber 15 from entering the roasting chamber 14, when the pellet falls down, the wind shield 144 can overcome the acting force of the torsion spring and rotate downwards to open the feed opening section 143, so that the pellet passes through the feed opening section 143 and enters the cooling chamber 15, and then the wind shield 144 is driven to reset under the action of the torsion spring.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, as an embodiment of the smelting furnace for producing pellets according to the present invention, the circulation pipe 4 includes an upper annular pipe 41, a lower annular pipe 42, and a vertical connection pipe 43, the upper annular pipe 41 being disposed around the upper side of the combustion structure 2; the upper annular tube 41 is provided with a plurality of first branch tubes 411, and each first branch tube 411 is communicated with the combustion structure 2; a lower annular pipe 42 is provided around the upper side of the cooling chamber 15; the lower annular pipe 42 is provided with a plurality of second branch pipes 421, and each second branch pipe 421 is communicated with the cooling chamber 15; the number of the vertical connecting pipes 43 is multiple, and the vertical connecting pipes are respectively arranged between the upper annular pipe 41 and the lower annular pipe 42; the upper and lower end of each vertical connecting pipe 43 communicates with upper annular pipe 41 and lower annular pipe 42 respectively, upper annular pipe 41, vertical connecting pipe 43 and lower annular pipe 42 top-down set gradually, lower annular pipe 42 communicates with cooling chamber 15 through a plurality of second branch pipes 421, upper annular pipe 41 communicates with combustion chamber 21 in the combustion structure 2 through a plurality of first branch pipes 411, cold wind and the pellet ore of high temperature in the cold air chamber take place the heat exchange and the back heaies up, get into in lower annular pipe 42 through a plurality of second branch pipes 421, and get into upper annular pipe 41 through a plurality of vertical connecting pipes 43, pass a plurality of first branch pipes 411 at last and get into in the combustion chamber 21, realize the recycle of energy, reduce extravagantly. The provision of the plurality of vertical connection pipes 43, the plurality of second branch pipes 421 and the plurality of first branch pipes 411 allows heat energy to be more uniformly introduced into the combustion chamber 21. The vertical connecting pipe 43 is provided with a first pipe member 44 and a second pipe member 45 which are arranged in a vertically staggered manner, the upper end of the second pipe member 45 is higher than the lower end of the first pipe member 44, the upper end of the second pipe member 45 is communicated with the first pipe member 44 through a horizontal pipe 46, and a blocking end 47 is provided at the lower end of the first pipe member 44, so that the lower end of the first pipe member 44 can be used for temporarily storing impurities or broken objects. A plurality of first branch pipes 411, a plurality of second branch pipes 421 and a plurality of vertical connecting pipe 43 equipartition set up and make the interior high-temperature gas of cooling chamber 15 get into combustion structure 2 fast in, guarantee that the temperature is even in combustion structure 2.

Referring to fig. 1, as a specific embodiment of the smelting furnace for producing pellets according to the present invention, the cooling air duct 3 horizontally extends into the blanking chamber 16 and the end thereof is bent upward, so that the cooling air duct 3 has an upward air outlet, and the cooling air duct 3 is horizontally disposed so that cool air can smoothly enter the blanking chamber 16, thereby reducing the retention time in the cooling duct and reducing the loss of cool air during the transportation process. The air outlet is bent upwards to the intersection of the cooling chamber 15 and the blanking chamber 16, so that cold air can flow upwards, the cold air can conveniently enter the cooling chamber 15, and more low-temperature energy waste is avoided.

Referring to fig. 1, as a specific embodiment of the smelting furnace for producing pellets according to the present invention, the end of the cooling air duct 3 is provided with a blocking cover plate 31 for blocking impurities from entering the cooling chamber 15, and a gap is formed between the blocking cover plate 31 and the end of the cooling air duct 3; the one end that separation apron 31 is close to cooling air duct 3 is equipped with the recess, sets up the top that separation apron 31 is located cooling air duct 3, and the installation separation apron 31 is supported to a plurality of connecting rods of accessible, and after cooling air duct 3 exhaust low-temperature wind was followed cooling air duct 3, impurity etc. in the low-temperature wind were sprayed on separation apron 31, and the condition that impurity continued to shift up and get into cooling chamber 15 can not appear takes place, prevents impurity pollution pellet. Meanwhile, a groove is machined in the lower end face of the blocking cover plate 31, impurities are temporarily stored in the groove, and when wind power is weakened or cold wind stops being supplied, the impurities fall down again. The groove is a conical groove, and impurities enter the groove under the action of wind force and are blown out along the inclined inner wall of the groove. A plurality of bulges extending inwards are arranged on the inner wall of the blanking chamber 16, so that impurities can fall on the bulges, a plurality of through holes are arranged on the outer wall of the cooling air pipe 3, the through holes correspond to the bulges one by one, and the connecting rod is an electric telescopic rod; after the pellet ore is produced, the blocking cover plate 31 is moved downwards to the tail end of the closed cooling air pipe 3 by starting the electric telescopic rod, so that cold air is blown out from each through hole and acts on impurities on the protruding part to blow off the impurities.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, as a specific embodiment of the smelting furnace for producing pellets for mining according to the present invention, the discharging chamber 16 has a tapered structure with a large top and a small bottom, and the discharging port 12 is connected to the lower end of the discharging chamber 16, so that pellets passing through the cooling chamber 15 fall into the discharging chamber 16, and the pellets can slide down along the inner wall of the tapered structure, and the downward movement of the pellets is more stable and safe. The upper end of the blanking chamber 16 is butted against the lower end of the cooling chamber 15.

Referring to fig. 1, as a specific embodiment of the smelting furnace for producing pellets according to the present invention, the smelting furnace for producing pellets further includes a conveyor 5, the conveyor 5 is located below the furnace body 1 and corresponds to the discharge port 12, and is used to transport pellets, after the pellets pass through the discharge port 12 at the lower end, the pellets directly fall on the conveyor 5, and the conveyor 5 transports the pellets away, so that the smelting furnace is fast and reliable, and two pellets that fall closely do not touch each other. A ball discharging machine corresponding to the discharge port 12 is arranged on the furnace body 1, and pellets fall into the ball discharging machine from the discharge port 12 and then fall on the conveyor 5. A conveyer is arranged above the furnace body 1, so that the materials can more efficiently and automatically pass through the feed inlet 11 and enter the furnace body 1.

The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a mining smelting furnace of production pellet which characterized in that includes:

2. The mining smelting furnace for producing pellets of claim 1, wherein the combustion structure includes:

3. The mining metallurgical furnace of claim 2, wherein the roasting chamber comprises a cylindrical barrel section, a conical barrel section, and a feed opening section, the lower end of the preheating chamber enters the cylindrical barrel section, the combustion chamber is communicated with the conical barrel section, and the feed opening section is communicated with the cooling chamber.

4. The mining smelting furnace for producing pellets according to claim 3, wherein the roasting chamber further comprises a wind shield and a torsion spring, the wind shield is located in the feed opening section and is hinged to the feed opening section, and the torsion spring is arranged on a hinged shaft of the wind shield and the feed opening section and used for driving the wind shield to reset.

5. The mining smelting furnace for producing pellets according to claim 1, wherein the circulation duct includes:

6. The mining smelting furnace for producing pellets according to claim 1, wherein the cooling air duct horizontally extends into the blanking chamber and is bent upward at its end so that the cooling air duct has an upward air outlet.

7. The mining smelting furnace for producing pellets according to claim 6, wherein the tail end of the cooling air pipe is provided with a blocking cover plate for blocking impurities from entering the cooling chamber, and a gap is formed between the blocking cover plate and the tail end of the cooling air pipe; and a groove is formed in one end, close to the cooling air pipe, of the blocking cover plate.

8. The mining smelting furnace for producing pellets according to claim 1, wherein the blanking chamber has a tapered structure with a large upper part and a small lower part.

9. The smelting furnace for producing pellets used in ore of claim 1, wherein the smelting for producing pellets further comprises: