CN113528203A - Diesel antiwear agent with excellent comprehensive performance and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Diesel antiwear agent with excellent comprehensive performance and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of petroleum product additives, and particularly discloses a diesel antiwear agent with excellent comprehensive performance and a preparation method thereof. The diesel antiwear agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: the component A comprises: 35-80 parts of oleic acid monoglyceride, 20-60 parts of oleic acid and a component B: 0.2-1 part of anti-emulsifier, 1-5 parts of pour point depressant and 0.5-1.2 parts of antistatic agent. The preparation method comprises the following steps: in a nitrogen environment, oleic acid and glycerol are subjected to esterification reaction in the presence of a water-carrying agent and strong acid resin; after the reaction is finished, the water-carrying agent is removed by decompression and extraction; then filtering to remove the strong acid resin; cooling to room temperature, and removing residual impurities by a molecular sieve refining method; then adding the anti-emulsifier, the pour point depressant and the antistatic agent according to the corresponding weight percentage, and stirring and mixing to obtain the diesel anti-wear agent. The diesel antiwear agent has the advantages of good lubricating property, good emulsification resistance and low acid value.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of petroleum product additives, in particular to a diesel antiwear agent with excellent comprehensive performance and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Along with the continuous improvement of automobile exhaust emission indexes and the continuous improvement of requirements of people on air quality in various countries, governments and automobile industries in various countries put forward higher requirements on the quality of diesel oil; therefore, the sulfur content in the diesel oil is reduced by continuously using a new process in various domestic and overseas refineries; in the desulfurization process, because polar oxygen-containing and nitrogen-containing compounds with better abrasion resistance, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and other natural lubricating components can be removed simultaneously, the low vulcanization of the diesel oil causes a series of problems of poor lubricity of low-sulfur diesel oil and the like; therefore, adding the diesel anti-wear agent to improve the lubricity of the diesel is the most economical and effective method at present.
The existing diesel antiwear agent is mainly of fatty acid type and fatty acid ester type. The fatty acid type diesel antiwear agent mainly contains unsaturated long-chain fatty acid, and has a large acid value, so that the acidity of diesel is easily over-standard, and the diesel antiwear agent is easy to corrode production facilities and vehicle fuel systems. If the diesel oil uses additives containing alkaline components such as detergent dispersant, the fatty acid is easy to react with the detergent dispersant of the diesel oil to generate deposit, so that the possibility of blocking a fuel injection system is increased; the main component of the fatty acid ester type diesel antiwear agent is oleic acid monoglyceride, although the fatty acid ester type diesel antiwear agent has a good antiwear effect and very low acidity, the production cost is high, and the fatty acid ester type diesel antiwear agent contains a plurality of hydroxyl groups in molecules, has extremely strong hydrophilicity and poor water resistance, and can easily emulsify trace water when being added into diesel to cause the phenomenon of diesel turbidity, even suspend trace impurities at the bottom of a diesel tank in the diesel, thereby restricting the practical application of the fatty acid ester type antiwear agent.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to ensure the lubricating property of diesel oil, improve the anti-emulsifying property of the diesel oil and have the property of low acid value, the application provides a diesel oil anti-wear agent with excellent comprehensive properties and a preparation method thereof.
In a first aspect, the application provides a diesel antiwear agent with excellent comprehensive performance, and adopts the following technical scheme: a diesel antiwear agent with excellent comprehensive performance comprises the following components in parts by weight: the component A comprises: 35-80 parts of oleic acid monoglyceride, 20-60 parts of oleic acid and a component B: 0.2-1 part of anti-emulsifier, 1-5 parts of pour point depressant and 0.5-1.2 parts of antistatic agent.
By adopting the technical scheme, the components and the proportion of the diesel antiwear agent are reasonably selected and designed, and the raw materials are synergistic, so that the acid value of the diesel antiwear agent is obviously reduced on the premise of keeping excellent antiwear performance, the defect that the acidity of diesel is increased by using the fatty acid type diesel antiwear agent is reduced, and the corrosivity is reduced; compared with a simple fatty acid type antiwear agent or a simple fatty acid ester type antiwear agent, the diesel antiwear agent has a better antiwear effect and overcomes the defect of poor water resistance of the fatty acid ester type antiwear agent so as to balance the water resistance and the antiwear performance; through a proper amount of pour point depressant, the freezing point of the anti-wear agent can be reduced, the low-temperature fluidity of the anti-wear agent is improved, the use and operation at low temperature in winter are facilitated, and meanwhile, the pour point depressant is polyester, has a certain anti-wear performance, is used in a proper amount, and cannot reduce the whole anti-wear effect of the anti-wear agent.
Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: the component A comprises: 45-65 parts of oleic acid monoglyceride, 25-40 parts of oleic acid and a component B: 0.4-0.7 part of anti-emulsifier, 2-4 parts of pour point depressant and 0.7-1 part of antistatic agent.
Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: the component A comprises: 60 parts of oleic acid monoglyceride, 35 parts of oleic acid and a component B: 0.6 part of anti-emulsifier, 3.6 parts of pour point depressant and 0.8 part of antistatic agent.
By adopting the technical scheme, the addition amount of the glycerol and the oleic acid is controlled, so that the prepared diesel antiwear agent has more excellent lubricity and lower acid value, and the performance of the diesel is further improved.
Preferably, the anti-emulsifier is ethylene propylene oxide block ether with the model number of T1002.
By adopting the technical scheme, the T1002 anti-emulsifier further reduces the possibility of water emulsification and ensures the quality of diesel oil.
Preferably, the pour point depressant is polyethylene vinyl acetate, and the model is T1804.
By adopting the technical scheme, the T1804 pour point depressant reduces the freezing point of the antiwear agent, improves the low-temperature fluidity and facilitates the use and operation of the additive at low temperature in winter.
Preferably, the antistatic agent is polysulfone and polyamine ashless antistatic agent with the model number of T1502.
By adopting the technical scheme, the T1502 antistatic agent, the oleic acid monoglyceride and the oleic acid play a synergistic effect, and the conductivity of the diesel oil can be improved.
Preferably, the preparation method of the component A comprises the following steps: a1, carrying out esterification reaction on oleic acid and glycerol at a molar ratio of 1 (0.55-0.8) at 130-145 ℃ for 4-6 h in the presence of a water-carrying agent and a strong acid resin in a nitrogen environment; a2, cooling to 59-61 ℃ after the esterification reaction is finished, and extracting under a reduced pressure to remove the water-carrying agent; a3, filtering the product in A2 to remove the strong acid resin to obtain component A.
By adopting the technical scheme, excessive oleic acid and glycerol are subjected to esterification reaction to generate the mixture of the oleic acid monoglyceride and the oleic acid of the component A, so that the steps of separating the oleic acid monoglyceride from the oleic acid are reduced, the production cost is reduced, and the production efficiency is higher.
Preferably, the water-carrying agent is HB-xylene type.
Preferably, the strong acid resin is NKC-9 type.
By adopting the technical scheme, the NKC-9 strong acid resin is used as the catalyst, and the NKC-9 strong acid resin is directly filtered out after the reaction is finished, so that the method is convenient and fast, and the production efficiency is improved.
Preferably, the strong acid resin accounts for 3% -6% of the mass of the oleic acid.
In a second aspect, the application provides a preparation method of a diesel antiwear agent with excellent comprehensive performance, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a diesel antiwear agent with excellent comprehensive performance comprises the following steps: s1, carrying out esterification reaction on oleic acid and glycerol in a molar ratio of 1 (0.55-0.8) at 130-145 ℃ for 4-6 h in the presence of a water-carrying agent and a strong acid resin in a nitrogen environment; s2, cooling to 59-61 ℃ after the esterification reaction is finished, and extracting under a reduced pressure to remove the water-carrying agent; s3, filtering the product in S2 to remove strong acid resin to obtain a component A comprising oleic acid monoglyceride and oleic acid; s4, cooling the product in the S3 to 20-31 ℃, and removing residual water and impurities in the product by a molecular sieve refining method; and S5, adding the anti-emulsifier, the pour point depressant and the antistatic agent into the product obtained in the step S4 according to the weight percentage of the components, and fully stirring and mixing to obtain the diesel antiwear agent.
By adopting the technical scheme, the preparation method of the diesel oil antiwear agent is simple, the raw materials are easy to obtain, excessive oleic acid and glycerol are subjected to esterification reaction to generate the mixture of the oleic acid monoglyceride and the oleic acid of the component A, the separation operation step is not needed, the production cost is reduced, the prepared diesel oil antiwear agent has excellent lubricating property, lower acid value and excellent anti-emulsifying property, and the defect of a single fatty acid type or ester type antiwear agent is overcome.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
1. because the components and the proportion of the diesel antiwear agent are reasonably selected and designed, and the raw materials play a role in a synergistic manner, the acid value of the diesel antiwear agent is obviously reduced while a good antiwear effect is kept, so that the defect that the acidity of diesel is greatly increased by the fatty acid type diesel antiwear agent is reduced, and the corrosivity is reduced;
2. compared with a simple fatty acid ester type antiwear agent, the diesel antiwear agent overcomes the defect of poor water resistance of the fatty acid ester type antiwear agent while maintaining a good antiwear effect;
3. the main components of the oil-based antiwear additive are common oleic acid and glycerin, the raw materials are easy to obtain, the reaction conditions are mild, the separation operation steps of reaction products are reduced, and compared with an ester antiwear additive, the production cost is greatly reduced.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
The specification and source information of the raw materials and components involved in the present invention are shown in table 1.
Table 1 specification and source information for raw materials and components
Examples
Example 1
S1, weighing 0.35kg of glycerol, adding the glycerol into an esterification reaction kettle, then weighing 0.03kg of strong acid resin, adding 0.27kg of xylene water-carrying agent and 0.55kg of oleic acid, stirring in a nitrogen environment, heating the mixture to 140 ℃, and carrying out esterification reaction for 6 hours;
s2, cooling to 60 ℃ after the esterification reaction is finished, and extracting under a reduced pressure to remove the xylene water-carrying agent;
s3, filtering the product in S2 to remove the strong acid resin;
s4, cooling the product in the S3 to 25 ℃, and removing residual water and impurities in the product by a molecular sieve refining method;
and S5, adding 0.002kg of anti-emulsifier, 0.03kg of pour point depressant and 0.005kg of antistatic agent into the product obtained in the step S4, and fully stirring and mixing for 15min to obtain the diesel antiwear agent.
Example 2
S1, weighing 0.35kg of glycerol, adding the glycerol into an esterification reaction kettle, weighing 0.04kg of strong acid resin, adding 0.3kg of xylene water-carrying agent and 0.75kg of oleic acid, stirring in a nitrogen environment, heating the mixture to 140 ℃, and carrying out esterification reaction for 5.5 hours;
s2, cooling to 60 ℃ after the esterification reaction is finished, and extracting under a reduced pressure to remove the xylene water-carrying agent;
s3, filtering the product in S2 to remove the strong acid resin;
s4, cooling the product in the S3 to 25 ℃, and removing residual water and impurities in the product by a molecular sieve refining method;
and S5, adding 0.006kg of anti-emulsifier, 0.03kg of pour point depressant and 0.008kg of antistatic agent into the product obtained in the step S4, and fully stirring and mixing for 15min to obtain the diesel antiwear agent.
Example 3
S1, weighing 0.35kg of glycerol, adding the glycerol into an esterification reaction kettle, weighing 0.04kg of strong acid resin, adding 0.4kg of xylene water-carrying agent and 0.95kg of oleic acid, stirring in a nitrogen environment, heating the mixture to 140 ℃, and carrying out esterification reaction for 5 hours;
s2, cooling to 60 ℃ after the esterification reaction is finished, and extracting under a reduced pressure to remove the xylene water-carrying agent;
s3, filtering the product in S2 to remove the strong acid resin;
s4, cooling the product in the S3 to 25 ℃, and removing residual water and impurities in the product by a molecular sieve refining method;
and S5, adding 0.01kg of anti-emulsifier, 0.04kg of pour point depressant and 0.012kg of antistatic agent into the product obtained in the step S4, and fully stirring and mixing for 15min to obtain the diesel antiwear agent.
Example 4
S1, weighing 0.8kg of glycerol, adding the glycerol into an esterification reaction kettle, then weighing 0.05kg of strong acid resin, adding 0.54kg of xylene water-carrying agent and 1kg of oleic acid, stirring in a nitrogen environment, heating the mixture to 140 ℃, and carrying out esterification reaction for 4 hours;
s2, cooling to 60 ℃ after the esterification reaction is finished, and extracting under a reduced pressure to remove the xylene water-carrying agent;
s3, filtering the product in S2 to remove the strong acid resin;
s4, cooling the product in the S3 to 25 ℃, and removing residual water and impurities in the product by a molecular sieve refining method;
and S5, adding 0.004kg of anti-emulsifier, 0.04kg of pour point depressant and 0.005kg of antistatic agent into the product obtained in the step S4, and fully stirring and mixing for 15min to obtain the diesel antiwear agent.
Example 5
S1, weighing 0.8kg of glycerol, adding the glycerol into an esterification reaction kettle, then weighing 0.036kg of strong acid resin, adding 0.6kg of xylene water-carrying agent and 1.2kg of oleic acid, stirring in a nitrogen environment, heating the mixture to 140 ℃, and carrying out esterification reaction for 5 hours;
s2, cooling to 60 ℃ after the esterification reaction is finished, and extracting under a reduced pressure to remove the xylene water-carrying agent;
s3, filtering the product in S2 to remove the strong acid resin;
s4, cooling the product in the S3 to 25 ℃, and removing residual water and impurities in the product by a molecular sieve refining method;
and S5, adding 0.006kg of anti-emulsifier, 0.04kg of pour point depressant and 0.008kg of antistatic agent into the product obtained in the step S4, and fully stirring and mixing for 15min to obtain the diesel antiwear agent.
Example 6
S1, weighing 0.8kg of glycerol, adding the glycerol into an esterification reaction kettle, then weighing 0.08kg of strong acid resin, adding 0.66kg of xylene water-carrying agent and 1.4kg of oleic acid, stirring in a nitrogen environment, heating the mixture to 140 ℃, and carrying out esterification reaction for 4.5 hours;
s2, cooling to 60 ℃ after the esterification reaction is finished, and extracting under a reduced pressure to remove the xylene water-carrying agent;
s3, filtering the product in S2 to remove the strong acid resin;
s4, cooling the product in the S3 to 25 ℃, and removing residual water and impurities in the product by a molecular sieve refining method;
s5, adding 0.009kgkg of anti-emulsifier, 0.11kg of pour point depressant and 0.012kg of antistatic agent into the product obtained in S4, and fully stirring and mixing for 15min to obtain the diesel antiwear agent.
Example 7
S1, weighing 0.6kg of glycerol, adding the glycerol into an esterification reaction kettle, then weighing 0.031kg of strong acid resin, adding the glycerol, adding 0.42kg of xylene water-carrying agent and 0.95kg of oleic acid, stirring in a nitrogen environment, heating the mixture to 140 ℃, and carrying out esterification reaction for 5 hours;
s2, cooling to 60 ℃ after the esterification reaction is finished, and extracting under a reduced pressure to remove the xylene water-carrying agent;
s3, filtering the product in S2 to remove the strong acid resin;
s4, cooling the product in the S3 to 25 ℃, and removing residual water and impurities in the product by a molecular sieve refining method;
and S5, adding 0.006kg of anti-emulsifier, 0.04kg of pour point depressant and 0.01kg of antistatic agent into the product obtained in the step S4, and fully stirring and mixing for 15min to obtain the diesel antiwear agent.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
S1, weighing 0.2kg of glycerol, adding the glycerol into an esterification reaction kettle, then weighing 0.025kg of strong acid resin, adding 0.18kg of xylene water-carrying agent and 0.4kg of oleic acid, stirring in a nitrogen environment, heating the mixture to 140 ℃, and carrying out esterification reaction for 7 hours;
s2, cooling to 60 ℃ after the esterification reaction is finished, and extracting under a reduced pressure to remove the xylene water-carrying agent;
s3, filtering the product in S2 to remove the strong acid resin;
s4, cooling the product in the S3 to 25 ℃, and removing residual water and impurities in the product by a molecular sieve refining method;
and S5, adding 0.001kg of anti-emulsifier, 0.03kg of pour point depressant and 0.003kg of antistatic agent into the product obtained in the step S4, and fully stirring and mixing for 15min to obtain the diesel antiwear agent.
Comparative example 2
S1, weighing 0.7kg of glycerol, adding the glycerol into an esterification reaction kettle, then weighing 0.075kg of strong acid resin, adding 0.66kg of xylene water-carrying agent and 1.5kg of oleic acid, stirring in a nitrogen environment, heating the mixture to 140 ℃, and carrying out esterification reaction for 7.5 hours;
s2, cooling to 60 ℃ after the esterification reaction is finished, and extracting under a reduced pressure to remove the xylene water-carrying agent;
s3, filtering the product in S2 to remove the strong acid resin;
s4, cooling the product in the S3 to 25 ℃, and removing residual water and impurities in the product by a molecular sieve refining method;
and S5, adding 0.013kg of anti-emulsifier, 0.08kg of pour point depressant and 0.015kg of antistatic agent into the product obtained in the step S4, and fully stirring and mixing for 15min to obtain the diesel antiwear agent.
Comparative example 3
The imported fatty acid ester type diesel antiwear agent R655 is easily purchased from Runjin corporation on the market.
Comparative example 4
The domestic fatty acid type diesel antiwear agent TX-10 is a product widely used in the market of Dongying Tianxi chemical Co., Ltd, and is easy to purchase.
Performance test
Detection method/test method
1. The acid number of the diesel antiwear agents of the examples and comparative examples was measured by potentiometric titration according to the method specified in GB/T7304.
2. The glycerin content of the diesel antiwear agents in the examples and comparative examples was tested by gas chromatography.
3. The anti-emulsifying property (water layer volume/ml) of the diesel antiwear agent in the examples and the comparative examples is evaluated by adopting the latest petrochemical enterprise standard < Q/SHCG57-2017 diesel antiwear agent technical requirement >.
4. The diesel anti-wear agents in the examples and the comparative examples were added to base diesel oil (hydrocracking diesel oil of Beijing Yanshan petrochemical industry, WSD at 610-.
TABLE 2 Performance test results for diesel antiwear agent
As can be seen by combining examples 1-7 and comparative examples 1-4 with Table 2, the acid value of the diesel antiwear agent prepared by examples 1-7 is obviously lower than that of the fatty acid type diesel antiwear agent prepared by comparative example 4, so that the defect that the acidity of the diesel is increased by the fatty acid type diesel antiwear agent is reduced, and the corrosivity is reduced; the diesel oil antiwear agents prepared in the embodiments 1 to 7 are obviously superior to the fatty acid ester type antiwear agent in the comparative example 3 in water resistance, and the lubricating property test has a low wear-resistant spot diameter, which shows that the antiwear effect is good. By adjusting the reaction conditions such as the dosage of the catalyst, the reaction time, the reaction temperature and the like, the water resistance and the wear resistance can be balanced by the synergistic effect of the components of the diesel antiwear agent; compared with the fatty acid ester type antiwear agent, the diesel antiwear agent has short reaction time and is reduced by a product separation step, so that the production cost is lower.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The diesel antiwear agent with excellent comprehensive performance is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: the component A comprises: 35-80 parts of oleic acid monoglyceride, 20-60 parts of oleic acid and a component B: 0.2-1 part of anti-emulsifier, 1-5 parts of pour point depressant and 0.5-1.2 parts of antistatic agent.
2. The diesel antiwear agent with excellent comprehensive performance of claim 1, wherein: the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: the component A comprises: 45-65 parts of oleic acid monoglyceride, 25-40 parts of oleic acid and a component B: 0.4-0.7 part of anti-emulsifier, 2-4 parts of pour point depressant and 0.7-1 part of antistatic agent.
3. The diesel antiwear agent with excellent comprehensive performance of claim 1, wherein: the anti-emulsifier is ethylene oxide propylene block ether with the model of T1002.
4. The diesel antiwear agent with excellent comprehensive performance of claim 1, wherein: the pour point depressant is polyethylene vinyl acetate, and the model is T1804.
5. The diesel antiwear agent with excellent comprehensive performance of claim 1, wherein: the antistatic agent is polysulfone and polyamine ashless antistatic agent with the model number of T1502.
6. The diesel antiwear agent with excellent comprehensive performance of any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein: the preparation method of the component A comprises the following steps: a1, carrying out esterification reaction on oleic acid and glycerol at a molar ratio of 1 (0.55-0.8) at 130-145 ℃ for 4-6 h in the presence of a water-carrying agent and a strong acid resin in a nitrogen environment; a2, cooling to 59-61 ℃ after the esterification reaction is finished, and extracting under a reduced pressure to remove the water-carrying agent; a3, filtering the product in A2 to remove the strong acid resin to obtain component A.
7. The diesel antiwear agent with excellent comprehensive performance of claim 6, wherein: the water-carrying agent is HB-xylene.
8. The diesel antiwear agent with excellent comprehensive performance of claim 6, wherein: the strong acid resin is NKC-9 type.
9. The diesel antiwear agent with excellent comprehensive performance of claim 8, wherein: the mass of the strong acid resin accounts for 3-6% of that of the oleic acid.
10. The preparation method of the diesel antiwear agent with excellent comprehensive performance, which is disclosed by any one of claims 1 to 9, is characterized by comprising the following steps of: s1, carrying out esterification reaction on oleic acid and glycerol in a molar ratio of 1 (0.55-0.8) at 130-145 ℃ for 4-6 h in the presence of a water-carrying agent and a strong acid resin in a nitrogen environment; s2, cooling to 59-61 ℃ after the esterification reaction is finished, and extracting under a reduced pressure to remove the water-carrying agent; s3, filtering the product in S2 to remove strong acid resin to obtain a component A comprising oleic acid monoglyceride and oleic acid; s4, cooling the product in the S3 to 20-31 ℃, and removing residual water and impurities in the product by a molecular sieve refining method; and S5, adding the anti-emulsifier, the pour point depressant and the antistatic agent into the product obtained in the step S4 according to the weight percentage of the components, and fully stirring and mixing to obtain the diesel antiwear agent.
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