CN113524612A - Multifunctional diffuse scattering bubble agricultural film - Google Patents
Multifunctional diffuse scattering bubble agricultural film Download PDFInfo
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- CN113524612A CN113524612A CN202110212482.7A CN202110212482A CN113524612A CN 113524612 A CN113524612 A CN 113524612A CN 202110212482 A CN202110212482 A CN 202110212482A CN 113524612 A CN113524612 A CN 113524612A
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- foaming
- layer
- multifunctional
- agricultural film
- bubbles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
- B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
- B29C48/0012—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. foaming
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
- B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/065—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
Abstract
The invention discloses a multifunctional diffuse scattering bubble agricultural film, which comprises two foaming methods of physical foaming and chemical foaming: the physical method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: plasticizing and compressing the high molecular particle material in an extruder to obtain molten high-elasticity fluid, and injecting nitrogen gas through the rear part of the screw in the melting process, wherein the second step is as follows: in the screw plasticizing section, nitrogen is quantitatively injected and diffused into the melt through a micropore nozzle through a pressure system, and bubbles in the melt are dispersed to form a foaming layer; the first adopts a physical method, namely, gas is injected into a melt to achieve the aim of foaming; the second method is to adopt chemical foaming agent in the film to achieve the purpose of foaming, the two methods have simple manufacturing process and lower cost, and the agricultural film has the functions of heat insulation and far infrared and heat preservation after being foamed, the greenhouse temperature can be lowered by twelve degrees in summer at high temperature, the heat preservation effect in winter is prominent, and simultaneously, the direct sunlight is converted into diffuse light, thereby reducing the burn and phototropism of crops.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of foaming films, and particularly relates to a multifunctional diffuse scattering bubble agricultural film.
Background
The technical source of plastic foaming is long. The foamed bakelite in the early 20 s is prepared by a method similar to that for preparing foamed rubber; rigid polyurethane foam and polystyrene foam appeared in the 30 s; polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, epoxy resin, phenolic foam were available in the 40 s; expandable polystyrene foam and flexible polyurethane foam were available in the 50 s. Now, essentially all plastics, both thermoplastic and thermosetting, can be foamed into foams. The industrial preparation method comprises the following steps: extrusion foaming, injection molding foaming, calendar foaming, powder foaming, spray foaming, and the like. Among them, injection molding foaming is one of the most important molding methods, and the injection molding foaming is described in the important point;
although the existing production method for the foaming film is various, the production process is complex, the heat insulation and far infrared and heat preservation effects are poor, and crops are easy to burn due to direct sunlight, so that the multifunctional diffuse scattering bubble agricultural film is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multifunctional diffuse scattering bubble agricultural film to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the multifunctional diffuse scattering bubble agricultural film comprises two foaming methods of physical foaming and chemical foaming:
the physical method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: plasticizing and compressing the high molecular particle material in an extruder to obtain molten high-elasticity fluid, and injecting nitrogen through the rear part of the screw in the melting process;
step two: in the screw plasticizing section, nitrogen is quantitatively injected and diffused into the melt through a micropore nozzle through a pressure system, and bubbles in the melt are dispersed to form a foaming layer;
step three: extruding a plurality of layers by a plurality of extruders, converging and co-extruding in sequence before the outlet of the die, and injecting nitrogen into the foaming film in the middle layer or the middle combined layer to complete foaming;
the chemical method comprises the following steps:
the high molecular particle material and the foaming master batch are mixed together, a foaming agent is added into the middle layer or the middle combined layer, the chemical foaming agent generates gas foaming in the screw rod under high temperature and high pressure and in shearing, mixing and compression, and finally the composite film is extruded.
Preferably, the pressure system in the second step of the physical method comprises a nitrogen cylinder, a pressurizing device and a gas injection rod, wherein the nitrogen cylinder is connected with the pressurizing device through a pipeline, the pipeline is provided with a quantitative instrument, a measuring instrument and a switch, the pressurizing device is connected with the gas injection rod through a pipeline, the pipeline is provided with a switch, and the gas injection rod is connected with the plastic extruding machine.
Preferably, the number of the extruders in the three steps of the physical method is three, and three layers are co-extruded.
Preferably, the number of extruders in the third step of the physical process is five, and five layers are coextruded.
Preferably, the high temperature range in the chemical method is 170-215 ℃, the high pressure range is 20-35 MPa, and the shearing and mixing speed is 80-100 r/min.
Preferably, the foaming agent in the chemical method adopts azodicarbonamide, the color ranges from light yellow to orange yellow, and the density is 1.65g/cm3The specific heat capacity is 1087J/(kg.K), the decomposition temperature is 205-215 ℃, and the gas yield is 220 mL/g.
Preferably, the middle layer comprises a middle layer, a sub-inner layer and a sub-outer layer, and the middle combined layer comprises a sub-outer layer combined with the middle layer and a sub-inner layer combined with the middle layer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. in the invention, two foaming methods are adopted, wherein the first method adopts a physical method, namely, gas is injected into a melt to achieve the purpose of foaming; the second method is to adopt chemical foaming agent in the film to achieve the purpose of foaming, the two methods have simple manufacturing process and lower cost, and the agricultural film has the functions of heat insulation and far infrared and heat preservation after being foamed, the greenhouse temperature can be lowered by twelve degrees in summer at high temperature, the heat preservation effect in winter is prominent, and simultaneously, the direct sunlight is converted into diffuse light, thereby reducing the burn and phototropism of crops.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a pressure system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the foaming effect of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the foaming of a three layer co-extruded interlayer of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a five-layer co-extruded secondary outer layer foam of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a five layer co-extruded interlayer foam of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a five-layer co-extruded sub-inner layer foam of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the simultaneous foaming of five coextruded secondary outer layers and middle layers of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the simultaneous foaming of five coextruded sub-inner and middle layers of the invention;
FIG. 9 is a table of comparative test parameters of the foamed film and the unfoamed film of the present invention, far infrared blocking ratio, transmittance and haze value.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, the present invention provides a technical solution: the multifunctional diffuse scattering bubble agricultural film comprises two foaming methods of physical foaming and chemical foaming:
the physical method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: plasticizing and compressing the high molecular particle material in an extruder to obtain molten high-elasticity fluid, and injecting nitrogen through the rear part of the screw in the melting process;
step two: in the screw plasticizing section, nitrogen is quantitatively injected and diffused into the melt through a micropore nozzle through a pressure system, and bubbles in the melt are dispersed to form a foaming layer;
step three: extruding three layers through three extruders, converging and co-extruding in sequence in front of a die outlet, and injecting nitrogen into the middle layer of the foaming film to complete foaming;
the chemical method comprises the following steps:
using macromoleculesMixing the granular material and the foaming master batch together, adding a foaming agent into the middle layer or the middle combined layer, generating gas foaming by the chemical foaming agent in high-temperature, high-pressure, shearing, mixing and compressing of a screw, and finally extruding out a composite film, wherein the foaming agent adopts azodicarbonamide, has the color range from faint yellow to orange yellow and the density of 1.65g/cm3The specific heat capacity is 1087J/(kg. K), the decomposition temperature is 205-215 ℃, the gas yield is 220mL/g, the high temperature is 170 ℃, the high pressure is 20MPa in a chemical method, and the shearing and mixing speed is 80 r/min.
Further, the pressure system in the second step of the physical method comprises a nitrogen cylinder, a pressurizing device and a gas injection rod, wherein the nitrogen cylinder is connected with the pressurizing device through a pipeline, the pipeline is provided with a quantitative instrument, a measuring instrument and a switch, the pressurizing device is connected with the gas injection rod through a pipeline, the pipeline is provided with a switch, and the gas injection rod is connected with the plastic extruding machine.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 4, fig. 5 and fig. 6, the present invention provides a technical solution: the multifunctional diffuse scattering bubble agricultural film comprises two foaming methods of physical foaming and chemical foaming:
the physical method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: plasticizing and compressing the high molecular particle material in an extruder to obtain molten high-elasticity fluid, and injecting nitrogen through the rear part of the screw in the melting process;
step two: in the screw plasticizing section, nitrogen is quantitatively injected and diffused into the melt through a micropore nozzle through a pressure system, and bubbles in the melt are dispersed to form a foaming layer;
step three: five layers are extruded by five extruders, and are sequentially converged and coextruded in front of a die outlet, and nitrogen is injected into the middle layer of the foaming film to complete foaming;
the chemical method comprises the following steps:
mixing a high polymer particle material and a foaming master batch together, adding a foaming agent into a middle layer or a middle combined layer, foaming the foaming agent in a screw at a high temperature and a high pressure in a shearing, mixing and compressing process to generate gas foaming, and finally extruding out a composite film, wherein the foaming agent adopts azodicarbonamide, and the color range is from faint yellow to faint yellowOrange color, density of 1.65g/cm3The specific heat capacity is 1087J/(kg. K), the decomposition temperature is 205-215 ℃, the gas yield is 220mL/g, the high temperature is 170 ℃, the high pressure is 20MPa in a chemical method, and the shearing and mixing speed is 80 r/min.
Further, the pressure system in the second step of the physical method comprises a nitrogen cylinder, a pressurizing device and a gas injection rod, wherein the nitrogen cylinder is connected with the pressurizing device through a pipeline, the pipeline is provided with a quantitative instrument, a measuring instrument and a switch, the pressurizing device is connected with the gas injection rod through a pipeline, the pipeline is provided with a switch, and the gas injection rod is connected with the plastic extruding machine.
Further, the five layers from outside to inside are respectively an outer layer, a secondary outer layer, a middle layer, a secondary inner layer and an inner layer, and the middle layer comprises the middle layer, the secondary inner layer and the secondary outer layer.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 7 and fig. 8, the present invention provides a technical solution: the multifunctional diffuse scattering bubble agricultural film comprises two foaming methods of physical foaming and chemical foaming:
the physical method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: plasticizing and compressing the high molecular particle material in an extruder to obtain molten high-elasticity fluid, and injecting nitrogen through the rear part of the screw in the melting process;
step two: in the screw plasticizing section, nitrogen is quantitatively injected and diffused into the melt through a micropore nozzle through a pressure system, and bubbles in the melt are dispersed to form a foaming layer;
step three: five layers are extruded by five extruders, and are sequentially converged and coextruded in front of a die outlet, and nitrogen is injected into the foaming film in the middle combined layer to complete foaming;
the chemical method comprises the following steps:
mixing a high polymer particle material and a foaming master batch together, adding a foaming agent into a middle layer or a middle combined layer, foaming the foaming agent in a screw at a high temperature and a high pressure in a shearing, mixing and compressing process to generate gas, and finally extruding out a composite film, wherein the foaming agent adopts azodicarbonamide, the color range is from faint yellow to orange, and the density is 1.65g/cm3The specific heat capacity is 1087J/(kg. K), and the decomposition temperature is 205The gas yield is 220mL/g at 215 ℃, the high temperature is 215 ℃, the high pressure is 35MPa, and the shearing and mixing speed is 100 r/min.
Further, the pressure system in the second step of the physical method comprises a nitrogen cylinder, a pressurizing device and a gas injection rod, wherein the nitrogen cylinder is connected with the pressurizing device through a pipeline, the pipeline is provided with a quantitative instrument, a measuring instrument and a switch, the pressurizing device is connected with the gas injection rod through a pipeline, the pipeline is provided with a switch, and the gas injection rod is connected with the plastic extruding machine.
Further, the five layers are respectively an outer layer, a secondary outer layer, a middle layer, a secondary inner layer and an inner layer from outside to inside, and the middle combination layer comprises a combination of the secondary outer layer and the middle layer and a combination of the secondary inner layer and the middle layer.
The comparative test parameters of the foamed film and the unfoamed film, far infrared blocking rate, light transmittance and haze value are shown in a table of fig. 9.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for the purpose of limiting the same, and other modifications or equivalent substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The multifunctional diffuse scattering bubble agricultural film is characterized by comprising two foaming methods, namely physical foaming and chemical foaming:
the physical method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: plasticizing and compressing the high molecular particle material in an extruder to obtain molten high-elasticity fluid, and injecting nitrogen through the rear part of the screw in the melting process;
step two: in the screw plasticizing section, nitrogen is quantitatively injected and diffused into the melt through a micropore nozzle through a pressure system, and bubbles in the melt are dispersed to form a foaming layer;
step three: extruding a plurality of layers by a plurality of extruders, converging and co-extruding in sequence before the outlet of the die, and injecting nitrogen into the foaming film in the middle layer or the middle combined layer to complete foaming;
the chemical method comprises the following steps:
the high molecular particle material and the foaming master batch are mixed together, a foaming agent is added into the middle layer or the middle combined layer, the chemical foaming agent generates gas foaming in the screw rod under high temperature and high pressure and in shearing, mixing and compression, and finally the composite film is extruded.
2. The multifunctional diffuse scattering agricultural film with bubbles as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and in the second step of the physical method, the pressure system comprises a nitrogen cylinder, a pressurizing device and a gas injection rod, wherein the nitrogen cylinder is connected with the pressurizing device through a pipeline, the pipeline is provided with a quantitative instrument, a measuring instrument and a switch, the pressurizing device is connected with the gas injection rod through a pipeline, the pipeline is provided with a switch, and the gas injection rod is connected with a plastic extruding machine.
3. The multifunctional diffuse scattering agricultural film with bubbles as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the third step of the physical method, three extruders are used for co-extruding three layers.
4. The multifunctional diffuse scattering agricultural film with bubbles as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the number of the extruders in the third step of the physical method is five, and five layers are coextruded.
5. The multifunctional diffuse scattering agricultural film with bubbles as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the high temperature range in the chemical method is 170-215 ℃, the high pressure range is 20-35 MPa, and the shearing and mixing speed is 80-100 r/min.
6. The multifunctional diffuse scattering agricultural film with bubbles as claimed in claim 1, wherein: according to the chemical method, azodicarbonamide is adopted as a foaming agent, the color range is from faint yellow to orange yellow, the density is 1.65g/cm, the specific heat capacity is 1087J/(kg.K), the decomposition temperature is 205-215 ℃, and the gas yield is 220 mL/g.
7. The multifunctional diffuse scattering agricultural film with bubbles as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the middle layer comprises a middle layer, a secondary inner layer and a secondary outer layer, and the middle combined layer comprises a secondary outer layer and middle layer combination and a secondary inner layer and middle layer combination.
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Application publication date: 20211022 |