CN113524432A

CN113524432A - Automatic variable-pitch tensioning device for prestressed tendons of sleeper

Info

Publication number: CN113524432A
Application number: CN202110893389.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王朝林; 张正宁; 毕胜; 隋斌
Original assignee: SHANXI GAOHANG HYDRAULIC Inc
Current assignee: SHANXI GAOHANG HYDRAULIC Inc
Priority date: 2021-08-04
Filing date: 2021-08-04
Publication date: 2021-10-22

Abstract

The invention relates to an automatic variable-pitch tensioning device for prestressed tendons of sleepers, which comprises a seat body, a pitch adjusting mechanism, a lower tensioning module and an upper tensioning module, wherein the lower tensioning module and the upper tensioning module are respectively provided with a tensioning locking mechanism, the tensioning locking mechanism comprises a tensioning rod locking mechanism, a tensioning cylinder and a power-driven rotary connecting spanner sleeve, the pitch adjusting mechanism is a variable-pitch mechanism connected between the lower tensioning module and the upper tensioning module, the seat body is fixedly provided with two vertical support plate frames, one sides of the two support plate frames are respectively and fixedly connected with the pitch adjusting mechanism, the pitch adjusting mechanism is provided with an in-cylinder hole cavity, the in-cylinder hole cavity is provided with an upward telescopic upper piston rod and a downward telescopic lower piston rod, the lower tensioning module and the upper tensioning module are respectively and fixedly provided with fixed blocks which are matched and connected with the pitch adjusting mechanism, the fixed block of the upper tensioning module is connected with the upper piston rod, and the fixed block of the lower tensioning module is connected with the lower piston rod, the equipment automatically adapts to the distance between the reinforcing steel bars, and is good in compatibility and high in integration and synchronism.

Description

Automatic variable-pitch tensioning device for prestressed tendons of sleeper

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of tensioning of prestressed reinforcements of sleepers, and particularly relates to an automatic variable-pitch tensioning device for prestressed reinforcements of sleepers.

Background

Many prestressing tendons concentrate closely together in the high-speed railway sleeper, the interval is very little and have different types, prestressing tendon interval is little and different sleeper intervals, can't satisfy with a tensioning equipment, the tensioning equipment who corresponds prestressing tendon interval needs to be changed according to the sleeper of difference just can satisfy the production demand, cause very big inconvenience to production, seriously influence engineering production efficiency, current tensioning equipment butt joint, stretch-draw, the locking precision is not enough, and degree of automation is low, and is bulky, the integrated level is low, it is difficult to maintain, the function singleness, the replaceability is poor, the job is unstable, can't satisfy the modern production manufacturing of sleeper.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention discloses an automatic variable-pitch tensioning device for prestressed tendons of sleepers, aiming at solving the problem of high-precision butt joint tensioning of the prestressed tendons of the sleepers, optimizing the structure of the prestressed tendons, expanding the functions of the prestressed tendons and improving the automation of the prestressed tendons.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the automatic variable-pitch tensioning device for the prestressed tendons of the sleeper comprises a seat body and a pitch adjusting mechanism, the tensioning device comprises a lower tensioning module and an upper tensioning module, wherein the lower tensioning module and the upper tensioning module are respectively provided with a tensioning locking mechanism, the tensioning locking mechanism comprises a tensioning rod locking mechanism, a tensioning cylinder and a power-driven rotating connecting spanner sleeve, an interval adjusting mechanism is a distance varying mechanism connected between the lower tensioning module and the upper tensioning module, a seat body is fixedly provided with two vertical support plate frames, one side of each of the two support plate frames is respectively and fixedly connected with the distance varying mechanism, the distance varying mechanism is provided with an in-cylinder hole cavity, the in-cylinder hole cavity is provided with an upward telescopic upper piston rod and a downward telescopic lower piston rod, the lower tensioning module and the upper tensioning module are respectively and fixedly provided with a fixed block which is in adaptive connection with the distance varying mechanism, the fixed block of the upper tensioning module is connected with the upper piston rod, and the fixed block of the lower tensioning module is connected with the lower piston rod.

The lower tensioning module and the upper tensioning module are respectively provided with two groups of parallel tensioning locking mechanisms, the two tensioning locking mechanisms are used for butting two adjacent tensioning rods, each tensioning locking mechanism comprises a gear box provided with a transmission gear and is fixed through a box front plate sealing cover, the gear box and the box front plate are respectively provided with two coaxial holes in parallel, a connecting spanner sleeve is respectively arranged in each hole, the excircle of each connecting spanner sleeve is provided with external teeth, the gear box is externally and fixedly provided with two motors, each motor drives the transmission gear and is meshed with the external teeth, each motor independently outputs power to the corresponding connecting spanner sleeve, a tensioning cylinder is fixedly connected with the gear box through two side plates and a middle plate, two rectangular cavities are arranged between the two side plates and the middle plate, two rectangular link joints are respectively arranged in the two cavities, each link joint is connected with the end of the tensioning cylinder, each link joint is provided with an inner hole butted with the tensioning rod end, and each link joint inner hole is also provided with an inserting plate groove, the telescopic inserting plate is arranged in the inserting plate groove, a locking hole for locking the stretching rod is arranged in the telescopic inserting plate, the inner hole of the link joint, the connecting spanner sleeve and the stretching cylinder are coaxial, the stretching rod is connected with the connecting spanner sleeve in a butt joint mode and enters the link joint to be locked by the inserting plate, and the stretching cylinder pulls the link joint to stretch.

The stretch-draw jar structure includes: the tensioning cylinder body, the cylinder rear plate, the pull rod, the cylinder piston rod, the cylinder guide sleeve and the cylinder gland are arranged in a cylinder inner cavity of the tensioning cylinder body, the cylinder piston rod and the rod are integrated, the cylinder piston rod is provided with a through inner hole, the cylinder guide sleeve is sleeved at the rod end of the cylinder piston rod, the cylinder gland is connected with the tensioning cylinder body through a screw to fix the cylinder guide sleeve, the tensioning cylinder body is further provided with a hole for the pull rod to penetrate through, the orifice end of the tensioning cylinder body is provided with a sealing shaft sleeve, the cylinder rear plate is connected with the tensioning cylinder body to fix the sealing shaft sleeve through a screw, the middle section of the pull rod is provided with a boss, one end of the pull rod is connected with a link joint, the other end of the pull rod penetrates through the inner hole of the cylinder piston rod to be provided with a pressing plate and a force sensor, the end part of the pull rod is fixed by a threaded screw nut, and the axial relative displacement of the pull rod and the cylinder piston rod is restrained through the boss and the pressing plate.

The lower tensioning module and the upper tensioning module fixing block are provided with coaxial vertical through holes, the variable pitch mechanism is provided with vertical holes, the vertical through holes are coaxially matched with the vertical holes of the variable pitch mechanism, and pin shafts are arranged in the vertical through holes and the vertical holes in a penetrating mode.

The connecting spanner sleeve further comprises a barrel, fins, grooves and one-way teeth, the outer teeth are arranged in the middle of the outer barrel of the barrel, the fins are arranged at the front end of the barrel and are symmetrically arranged, the edges of the fins transition to the grooves and are used for leading in nuts to enter the grooves of the spanner, the groove openings are lower than the fins, and the one-way teeth are arranged at the rear end of the barrel.

The outer of the chain joint is fixedly provided with a lifting cylinder support, the lifting cylinder support is fixedly provided with a lifting cylinder, and the rod end of the lifting cylinder is connected with a driving telescopic inserting plate.

The inlet end of the inner hole of the link joint is provided with a second unidirectional tooth, and the second unidirectional tooth is correspondingly blocked with the unidirectional tooth.

The supporting plate frame is provided with an oil duct communicated with an external oil source, the variable pitch mechanism comprises a cylinder body in a rectangular shape, and the cylinder body is provided with a hole connected with the oil duct externally connected with the supporting plate frame.

A flexible hydraulic hose is arranged between a tensioning cylinder body of the lower tensioning module and a tensioning cylinder body of the upper tensioning module for connection, an oil duct is arranged in the tensioning cylinder body, and the flexible hydraulic hose is connected with the oil duct of the upper tensioning cylinder body and the oil duct of the lower tensioning cylinder body.

The middle plate is fixedly provided with two displacement sensors, and measuring rods of the two displacement sensors are respectively connected with the chain joints of the two groups of tensioning locking mechanisms.

Compared with the prior art, the invention can obtain the following technical effects: the tensioning device is highly integrated, the tensioning device body and sub modules of all parts are more compact, the size is smaller, the variable adjustment of the distance between upper and lower steel bars of prefabricated parts such as sleepers is realized, meanwhile, hydraulic control loops of actuating mechanisms such as tensioning cylinders are integrated into a cylinder body, flexible hydraulic hoses are adopted, the hydraulic loop integrated control and synchronous control of the tensioning device are realized, the displacement deflection in the variable pitch process is compensated, the synchronous tensioning and locking of multiple steel bars are finally realized, the high-precision sensing measurement and control of the tensioning force and the displacement are realized, and the connection wrench sleeve has the function of uniform automatic correction in the turning direction.

The invention realizes the high-precision full-automatic butt joint, tensioning and locking of the steel bars in the production process of the sleeper and the prefabricated part, can automatically adapt to the space between the steel bars, and has high compatibility and synchronism.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the present invention in its assembled and exploded view;

FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a left side view of FIG. 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic forward view of a lower tensioning module of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a lower tensioning module of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the invention taken along line A-A of FIG. 6;

FIG. 9 is an axial schematic view of the reinforcement distribution of the tie of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic half-section view of the pitch change mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a three-dimensional schematic view of an attachment wrench sleeve of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a three-dimensional schematic view of the subject invention.

Wherein, 1-base, 2-supporting plate frame, 3-variable pitch mechanism, 4-lower tension module, 5-upper tension module, 6-pin shaft, 301-cylinder body, 302-vertical hole, 303-cylinder inner hole cavity, 304-lower piston rod, 305-upper piston rod, 401-box front plate, 402-press block, 403-connecting spanner sleeve, 404-gear box, 405-side plate, 406-middle plate, 407-cylinder rear plate, 408-tension cylinder body, 409-fixed block, 410-lifting cylinder, 411-link joint, 412-lifting cylinder bracket, 413-pull rod, 414-press plate, 415-force sensor, 416-pulling cylinder piston rod, 417-pulling cylinder guide sleeve, 418-pulling cylinder press cover, 419-motor, 420-first gear, 421-second gear, 422-sealing shaft sleeve, 423-displacement sensor, 403-1-cylinder, 403-2-external teeth, 403-3-wing, 403-4-groove and 403-5-unidirectional teeth.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1-12, the automatic sleeper prestressed tendon distance-changing tensioning device comprises a base 1, symmetrically arranged support plate frames 2, a distance-changing mechanism 3, a lower tensioning module 4, an upper tensioning module 5 and a pin shaft 6;

base 1 sets up the shaft hole and is used for installing fixedly with the host computer, two 2 vertical symmetries of backup pad frame set up on base 1, the inboard of two backup pad frame 2 is connected respectively and is set up displacement mechanism 3, backup pad frame 2 is provided with the oil duct of intercommunication outside oil source, displacement mechanism 3 includes that the appearance is rectangular cylinder body 301, cylinder body 301 is provided with vertical hole 302 and jar hole chamber 303, jar hole chamber 303 has installed piston and the integrative last piston rod 305 of pole, lower piston rod 304, the rod end sets up the internal thread, the pole of going up piston rod 305 upwards stretches out, the pole of lower piston rod 304 is stretched out downwards, rod hole and piston shaft set up sealedly, it has the pole chamber to separate jar interior vestibule 303 for last, there is the pole chamber down, wherein, there is the pole chamber in the hole that no pole chamber set up external backup pad frame 2 oil duct, on have the pole chamber, there is the pole chamber confluence down through external backup pad frame 2 oil duct.

The lower tension module 4 includes: the device comprises a box front plate 401, a pressing block 402, a connecting spanner sleeve 403, a gear box 404, a side plate 405, a middle plate 406, a cylinder rear plate 407, a tensioning cylinder body 408, a fixing block 409, a lifting cylinder 410, a link 411, a lifting cylinder bracket 412, a pull rod 413, a pressing plate 414, a force sensor 415, a pulling cylinder piston rod 416, a pulling cylinder guide sleeve 417, a pulling cylinder gland 418, a motor 419, a first gear 420, a second gear 421, a sealing shaft sleeve 422 and a displacement sensor 423.

The connecting wrench sleeve 403 comprises a cylinder 403-1, external teeth 403-2, fins 403-3, grooves 403-4 and unidirectional teeth 403-5, the external teeth 403-2 are arranged in the middle of the outer cylinder of the cylinder 403-1, the fins 403-3 are arranged at the front end of the cylinder 403-1, the two fins 403-3 are preferably symmetrically arranged, the edges of the fins 403-3 are transited to the grooves 403-4 for introducing nuts into the grooves of the wrench, the openings of the grooves 403-4 are lower than the fins 403-3, the unidirectional teeth 403-5 are arranged at the rear end of the cylinder 403-1, and the connecting wrench sleeve 403 is used for introducing tension rods to realize the screwing of the nuts.

Aiming at a prestressed reinforcement d3\ d4 of a sleeper, two groups of tensioning locking mechanisms matched with the lower tensioning module 4 are arranged in the lower tensioning module 4, as shown in the tensioning locking mechanism of a section of a graph 6A-A, a first gear 420 and a second gear 421 are arranged in a gear box 404 and are fixedly sealed by a box front plate 401, the gear box 404 and the box front plate 401 are provided with coaxial holes, a connecting pulling sleeve 403 is arranged in each hole, as shown in a graph 5, an external tooth 403-2 is meshed with the second gear 421, a motor 419 is fixedly arranged outside the gear box 404, a driving shaft of the motor 419 extends into the gear box to be connected with the first gear 420 in a driving manner, a tensioning cylinder is arranged behind the gear box 404 in a connecting manner and is fixedly connected with the middle plate 406 by two side plates 405, the middle plate 406, a rectangular cavity is arranged between the side plates 405 and the middle plate 406, a rectangular link 411 is arranged in the cavity, the link is provided with an inner hole abutting against the end of a tensioning rod, a plate slot is further arranged in the link 411, the telescopic inserting plate is arranged in the inserting plate groove, a locking hole of a locking stretching rod is arranged in the telescopic inserting plate, a lifting cylinder support 412 is fixedly arranged outside the link joint 411, a lifting cylinder 410 is fixedly arranged on the lifting cylinder support 412, the rod end of the lifting cylinder 410 is connected with and drives the telescopic inserting plate, a second one-way tooth is arranged at the inlet end of an inner hole of the link joint 411, the second one-way tooth corresponds to the one-way tooth 403-5 to be clamped, the connection wrench sleeve 403 is rotated to be limited, and the stretching cylinder specifically comprises the following components: a tensioning cylinder body 408, a cylinder back plate 407, a pull rod 413, a cylinder rod 416, the tensioning cylinder comprises a tensioning cylinder guide bush 417 and a tensioning cylinder gland 418, a tensioning cylinder piston rod 416 with a piston and a rod integrated is arranged in a cylinder inner cavity of the tensioning cylinder body 408, the tensioning cylinder piston rod 416 is provided with a through inner hole, the rod end of the tensioning cylinder piston rod 416 is sleeved with the tensioning cylinder guide bush 417, the tensioning cylinder gland 418 is connected with the tensioning cylinder body 408 through a screw to fix the tensioning cylinder guide bush 417, the tensioning cylinder body 408 is further provided with a hole for the penetration of a pull rod 413, the end of the hole is provided with a sealing shaft sleeve 422, a cylinder rear plate 407 is connected with the tensioning cylinder body fixing sealing shaft sleeve 422 through a screw, the middle section of the pull rod 413 is provided with a boss, one end of the pull rod 413 is connected with a chain joint 411, the other end of the pull rod 413 passes through the inner hole of the tensioning cylinder piston rod 416 and then is provided with a pressure plate 414 and a force sensor 415, the end part is fixed by screwing a nut, and the axial relative displacement of the pull rod 413 and the tensioning cylinder piston rod 416 is restricted through the boss and the pressure plate 414; two sets of tensioning locking mechanisms are adjacent and share parts: the tensioning device comprises a gear box 404, a box front plate 401, a cylinder rear plate 407 and a tensioning cylinder body 408, wherein two displacement sensors 423 are fixedly arranged on a middle plate 406, measuring rods of the two displacement sensors 423 are respectively connected with link joints 411 of two groups of tensioning locking mechanisms, the displacement sensors 423 are used for measuring axial telescopic displacement of the link joints 411, a fixing block 409 is fixedly arranged on the outer side of a side plate 405, the fixing block 409 is provided with a vertical through hole matched with the vertical hole 302, and the fixing block 409 is provided with a connecting hole connected with a lower piston rod 304.

The lower tensioning module 4 and the upper tensioning module 5 have the same structural composition, as shown in fig. 9, the difference is that the upper tensioning module 5 has a distance S1 between d1 and d2 for the sleeper prestressed reinforcements d1\ d2, the lower tensioning module 4 has an adaptive design for the sleeper prestressed reinforcements d3\ d4, the distance S2 between d3 and d4, and the distance S1 or S2 can be designed according to actual working conditions; the lower tensioning module 4 and the upper tensioning module 5 which are symmetrical up and down are respectively connected below and above the variable-pitch mechanism 3, the lower piston rod 304 of the variable-pitch mechanism 3 is fixedly connected with the fixed block of the lower tensioning module 4, the upper piston rod 305 of the variable-pitch mechanism 3 is fixedly connected with the fixed block of the upper tensioning module 5, the pin shaft 6 sequentially penetrates through the vertical through hole of the fixed block of the upper tensioning module 5, the vertical hole 302 of the variable-pitch mechanism 3 and the vertical through hole of the fixed block of the lower tensioning module 4, vertical guide of variable pitch is realized, the variable-pitch mechanism 3 drives the upper piston rod 305 and the lower piston rod 304 to stretch and adjust the steel bar spacing S, and therefore the variable-pitch function is realized.

As shown in fig. 3, a flexible hydraulic hose is arranged between the lower tensioning module 4 and the upper tensioning module 5, and is connected with internal oil passages of the upper tensioning cylinder body and the lower tensioning cylinder body, so that the hydraulic loop integrated control and synchronous control of the tensioning device are realized, and the displacement offset in the variable pitch process is compensated.

The working mode is as follows:

the working steps comprise steel bar spacing adjustment, butt joint, tensioning and locking.

The steel bar spacing adjustment is carried out, as shown in fig. 1-5 and 8-10, the sleeper die corresponds to a sleeper die, d1\ d2\ d3\ d4 prestressed steel bars are arranged on the sleeper die, the specifications of sleepers are different, and the distance of the spacing S is also different.

Butt joint, as shown in fig. 2-3 and 5-11, for better butt joint, a nut is introduced, a connecting wrench sleeve is corrected in a screwing direction in advance, taking a tensioning module 4 as an example, a motor 419 correspondingly arranged on each tensioning locking mechanism supplies oil at low pressure and rotates in a single direction to drive a first gear 420 to sequentially engage with a second gear 421 and an external gear 403-2, so that the connecting wrench sleeve 403 rotates at low speed and low torque, oil is supplied to a cavity B of a tensioning cylinder and returns oil to a cavity C, the oil pressure acts on a cylinder piston rod 416 and a force transmission pull rod 413, a pushing link 411 approaches to the connecting wrench sleeve 403 and is linked, a second one-way gear arranged on the link 411 corresponds to a one-way gear 403-5 to be clamped, so that the connecting wrench sleeve is corrected in the screwing direction, the connecting wrench sleeve correction modes of an upper tensioning module 5 and a lower tensioning module 4 are the same and synchronous, and the main machine connected with a base 1 is driven to approach to and butt joint with a mold provided with the tensioning pull rod and the nut, the tension rod sequentially enters the inner hole of the connecting spanner sleeve and the chain joint and the lock hole of the inserting plate, and the petals of the nut are transited to the groove through the edges of the wing pieces to complete butt joint.

And (3) tensioning, as shown in fig. 2, 5-11, the lifting cylinder drives the insertion plate to stretch and retract, so that the insertion plate slides in an insertion plate groove of the link joint, a locking hole of the tension rod is clamped with a tension rod annular groove, the tension rod is locked, oil is supplied to a cavity C of the tension cylinder, oil pressure is returned to a cavity B of the tension cylinder, the pressure acts on a piston rod of the tension cylinder, the acting force of a pressing plate is pushed and jacked to a force sensor, the force of the force sensor transmits the tension rod, the force sensor and a displacement sensor transmit detection data to a hydraulic control system for accurate control, the hydraulic control system outputs the oil pressure to drive the tension rod and the tension rod, and a pressing block 402 is propped against the side surface of the mold, so that the tensioning acting force of the lower tensioning module 4 and the upper tensioning module 5 of the invention acts on the side surface of the mold.

And (4) locking, as shown in fig. 2 and 8-11, oil is supplied to the motor to rotate, the motor drives the first gear to sequentially engage with the second gear and the outer teeth of the connecting wrench sleeve, so that the connecting wrench sleeve rotates, the nut entering the wrench groove is driven to rotate by torque, and the nut is screwed up and locked from the thread of the tension rod to the side face of the mold, so that the locking function is realized.

Claims

1. Automatic displacement tensioning equipment of sleeper prestressing tendons, including pedestal, interval guiding mechanism, stretch-draw module (4) and last stretch-draw module (5) down, stretch-draw module (4) and last stretch-draw module (5) are provided with stretch-draw locking mechanism respectively down, stretch-draw locking mechanism is including stretch-draw rod locking mechanism, stretch-draw jar and the rotatory connection wrench cover of power drive, its characterized in that: spacing guiding mechanism is for connecting displacement mechanism (3) that set up down between stretch-draw module (4) and the last stretch-draw module (5), the fixed two vertical backup plate frame (2) that set up of pedestal, one side difference fixed connection of two backup plate frame (2) sets up displacement mechanism (3), displacement mechanism (3) are provided with jar interior vestibule (303), and jar interior vestibule (303) are provided with piston rod (305) and the lower piston rod (304) of downwardly stretching, stretch-draw module (4) and last stretch-draw module (5) are fixed respectively and are provided with the fixed block of adaptation connection displacement mechanism (3) down, go up piston rod (305) are connected to the fixed block of stretch-draw module (5), piston rod (304) are connected down to the fixed block of stretch-draw module (4) down.

2. The automatic sleeper tendon variable-pitch tensioning device of claim 1, wherein: the lower tensioning module (4) and the upper tensioning module (5) are respectively provided with two groups of parallel tensioning locking mechanisms, the two tensioning locking mechanisms are used for butting two adjacent tensioning rods, each tensioning locking mechanism comprises a gear box provided with a transmission gear and is fixed through a box front plate sealing cover, the gear box and the box front plate are respectively provided with two coaxial holes in parallel, a connecting spanner sleeve is respectively arranged in each hole, the outer circle of the connecting spanner sleeve is provided with outer teeth, the gear box is externally and fixedly provided with two motors, the motors drive the transmission gears and are meshed with the outer teeth, each motor independently outputs power to the corresponding connecting spanner sleeve, the tensioning cylinder is fixedly connected with the gear box through two side plates and a middle plate, two rectangular cavities are arranged between the two side plates and the middle plate, link joints with rectangular shapes are respectively arranged in the two cavities, the link joints are connected with the ends of the tensioning cylinder, and the link joints are provided with inner holes butted with the tensioning rods, the inner hole of the link joint is also provided with an inserting plate groove, a telescopic inserting plate is arranged in the inserting plate groove, a locking hole for locking the tension rod is arranged in the telescopic inserting plate, the inner hole of the link joint, the connecting spanner sleeve and the tension cylinder are coaxial, the tension rod is connected with the connecting spanner sleeve in a butt joint mode and is guided into the inserting plate after the link joint to be locked, and the tension cylinder pulls the link joint to be tensioned.

3. The automatic sleeper tendon variable-pitch tensioning device of claim 2, wherein: the tensioning cylinder structure comprises: the tensioning cylinder body, the cylinder rear plate, the pull rod, the cylinder piston rod, the cylinder guide sleeve and the cylinder gland are arranged in a cylinder inner cavity of the tensioning cylinder body, the cylinder piston rod and the rod are integrated, the cylinder piston rod is provided with a through inner hole, the cylinder guide sleeve is sleeved at the rod end of the cylinder piston rod, the cylinder gland is connected with the tensioning cylinder body through a screw to fix the cylinder guide sleeve, the tensioning cylinder body is further provided with a hole for the pull rod to penetrate through, the orifice end of the tensioning cylinder body is provided with a sealing shaft sleeve, the cylinder rear plate is connected with the tensioning cylinder body to fix the sealing shaft sleeve through a screw, the middle section of the pull rod is provided with a boss, one end of the pull rod is connected with a link joint, the other end of the pull rod penetrates through the inner hole of the cylinder piston rod to be provided with a pressing plate and a force sensor, the end part of the pull rod is fixed by a threaded screw nut, and the axial relative displacement of the pull rod and the cylinder piston rod is restrained through the boss and the pressing plate.

4. The automatic sleeper tendon variable-pitch tensioning device of claim 3, wherein: stretch-draw module (4) down, go up stretch-draw module (5) fixed block and set up coaxial perpendicular through-hole, displacement mechanism (3) set up perpendicular hole (302), erect perpendicular hole (302) of the coaxial adaptation displacement mechanism (3) of through-hole, erect the through-hole and erect hole (302) and wear to be equipped with round pin axle (6).

5. The automatic sleeper tendon variable-pitch tensioning device of claim 4, wherein: the connecting spanner sleeve further comprises a barrel, fins, grooves and one-way teeth, wherein the outer teeth are arranged in the middle of the outer barrel of the barrel, the fins are arranged at the front end of the barrel and are symmetrically arranged, the edges of the fins transition to the grooves and are used for leading nuts into the grooves of the spanner, the groove openings are lower than the fins, and the one-way teeth are arranged at the rear end of the barrel.

6. The automatic sleeper tendon variable-pitch tensioning device of claim 2, wherein: and a lifting cylinder support is fixedly arranged outside the chain joint, a lifting cylinder is fixedly arranged on the lifting cylinder support, and the rod end of the lifting cylinder is connected with a driving telescopic inserting plate.

7. The automatic sleeper tendon variable-pitch tensioning device according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: the inlet end of the inner hole of the link joint is provided with a second unidirectional tooth, and the second unidirectional tooth and the unidirectional tooth are correspondingly blocked.

8. The automatic sleeper tendon variable-pitch tensioning device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the oil duct that backup plate frame (2) were provided with the outside oil source of intercommunication, displacement mechanism (3) are rectangular cylinder body (301) including the appearance, cylinder body (301) are provided with the hole of connecting external backup plate frame (2) oil duct.

9. The automatic sleeper tendon variable-pitch tensioning device of claim 1, wherein: a flexible hydraulic hose is arranged between the tensioning cylinder body of the lower tensioning module (4) and the tensioning cylinder body of the upper tensioning module (5) for connection, an oil duct is arranged in the tensioning cylinder body, and the flexible hydraulic hose is connected with the oil duct of the upper tensioning cylinder body and the lower tensioning cylinder body.

10. The automatic sleeper tendon variable-pitch tensioning device of claims 2-6, characterized in that: and the middle plate is fixedly provided with two displacement sensors, and measuring rods of the two displacement sensors are respectively connected with the chain joints of the two groups of tensioning locking mechanisms.