CN113523571A - Laser welding tool and welding method for skin skeleton structure rudder wing product - Google Patents
Laser welding tool and welding method for skin skeleton structure rudder wing product Download PDFInfo
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- CN113523571A CN113523571A CN202110738693.4A CN202110738693A CN113523571A CN 113523571 A CN113523571 A CN 113523571A CN 202110738693 A CN202110738693 A CN 202110738693A CN 113523571 A CN113523571 A CN 113523571A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/24—Seam welding
- B23K26/28—Seam welding of curved planar seams
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
- Y02T50/40—Weight reduction
Abstract
The invention provides a laser welding tool and a welding method for skin skeleton structure rudder wing products, which designs the structures of a follow-up pressing unit and a follow-up clamping unit, so that the follow-up pressing unit can carry out real-time pressing on the positions to be welded of skins, the follow-up clamping unit can stably clamp the skin skeleton structures to be welded and compress the peripheries of the skins, and meanwhile, the stability of the skin skeleton structures in the whole welding process is ensured through the cooperation of the follow-up pressing unit and the follow-up clamping unit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a multi-shaft follow-up intelligent flexible laser welding tool for skin skeleton structure rudder wing products, particularly relates to an intelligent flexible welding tool suitable for skin skeleton structure rudder wing products with different sizes and thicknesses, and belongs to the technical field of laser welding process equipment.
Background
In the aerospace manufacturing industry, the assembly process of the skin skeleton structure rudder wing product belongs to a multi-process manufacturing process, has the characteristics of complexity, dynamics, nonlinearity and the like, and the quality of a final component is the result of transmission and accumulation of related quality control points contained in each process in the assembly process and is a direct reaction of the overall assembly quality. For the assembly of the skin skeleton rudder wing sample piece, on one hand, the assembly quality including the aspects of assembly clearance, misalignment, positioning accuracy, profile flatness and the like needs to be considered, and on the other hand, the influence of pressing force for pressing the skin during assembly on the assembly quality needs to be considered. In the field of equipment manufacturing, due to the lack of a welding tool with strong applicability and high automation degree, manual positioning and clamping are still relied on, when a complex-structure workpiece is welded, the cooperative motion of the tool and a welding machine head cannot be realized, the equipment processing reliability and efficiency are greatly reduced, due to the fact that the non-visual welding line of the skin skeleton structure rudder wing workpiece is adopted, in order to ensure that the fit degree of the skin and the skeleton is good, the traditional tool is adopted, each compression screw needs to be screwed one by one manually, the compression degree can be distinguished only through a method of knocking and hearing, the whole assembly process is large in workload, time and labor are consumed, and leakage is easy to occur; meanwhile, after the assembly is completed by adopting the traditional process method, the welding seams are welded one by one in a manual teaching mode, the automation degree is poor, the consistency of the welding seams is poor, the manual operation time is long, and the labor intensity is high. In conclusion, the traditional welding production mode of the skin skeleton structure rudder wing products has the disadvantages of unstable product quality, lower automation degree, high labor cost and low production efficiency, and the manufacturing quality and the productivity of the products are seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and provides a laser welding tool and a welding method for a rudder wing product with a skin skeleton structure.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a laser welding tool for a skin skeleton structure rudder wing product comprises a follow-up pressing unit and a follow-up clamping unit;
the follow-up pressing unit is arranged above the follow-up clamping unit and comprises a supporting mechanism, a movable rotating assembly and a follow-up pressing shaft; the movable rotating assembly is fixedly arranged on the supporting mechanism, and the follow-up pressing shaft is connected with the movable rotating assembly; the follow-up pressing shaft comprises a rotating shaft perpendicular to the workbench and a tail end pressing wheel arranged at the tail end of the rotating shaft and used for pressing an area to be welded, and the moving and rotating assembly drives the follow-up pressing shaft to move in a three-dimensional space and rotate around the axis of the follow-up pressing shaft;
the conformal clamping unit comprises a skin frame, a frame base, a modularized pressing mechanism and a rotating motor; placing a rudder wing product with a skin skeleton structure to be welded in a skin frame, and fixing a modular pressing mechanism on the skin frame for pressing a skin; the skin frame is arranged on the frame base; the rotating motor is used for driving the skin frame to turn over.
Furthermore, the tail end pressing wheel comprises universal bearings and rolling pressing strips, the rolling pressing strips are arranged at the tail ends of the follow-up pressing shafts through the universal bearings, and the number of the rolling pressing strips is 2; the distance between the 2 rolling pressing strips is 3-5 mm, the movable rotating assembly drives the two roller pressing strips to advance on the surface of the skin along the welding direction, and the welding seam to be welded is located between the 2 rolling pressing strips.
Furthermore, an inert gas channel is arranged inside the rotating shaft, an inlet of the inert gas channel is formed in the side wall of the rotating shaft, and an outlet of the inert gas channel is formed in the tail end of the rotating shaft and located between the 2 rolling pressing strips.
Further, the moving and rotating assembly comprises a first lead screw, a second lead screw, a third lead screw and a rotating and driving motor; the first lead screw and the second lead screw are perpendicular to each other and parallel to the workbench, and the third lead screw is perpendicular to the workbench; the first lead screw drives the second lead screw to move axially along the first lead screw, the second lead screw drives the third lead screw to move axially along the second lead screw, the third lead screw drives the rotating shaft to move axially along the third lead screw, and the output shaft of the rotary driving motor is coaxial with the follow-up pressing shaft to drive the follow-up pressing shaft to rotate.
Furthermore, modularization hold-down mechanism is including installation base, cylinder and contact pressure head, and installation base fixed mounting is on skin frame, and cylinder fixed mounting is on the installation base, and the piston rod and the contact pressure head of cylinder are connected, drive the contact pressure head and compress tightly or keep away from the skin surface.
Furthermore, the modularized pressing mechanism also comprises a pressure head pressure sensor for acquiring the pressure borne by the contact pressure head;
and an axial pressure sensor for acquiring the pressure borne by the tail end pinch roller is arranged on a rotating shaft of the follow-up pinch shaft.
Furthermore, the modularized pressing mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the rudder wing product with the skin skeleton structure, 2 symmetrically arranged modularized pressing mechanisms are set into one group, and 5-20 groups are arranged along the skin frame.
Further, the skin frame is a conformal frame designed according to the appearance of the skin skeleton structure rudder wing product; a skin supporting mechanism for placing a skin skeleton structure rudder wing product is arranged in the skin frame;
the frame base is of a frame structure, and the frame structure can be adjusted according to the shape of the skin frame; the bottom of the frame base is provided with universal wheels.
Furthermore, a supporting mechanism in the follow-up pressing unit comprises a main support frame, a fixed foot rest and a lead screw support, the bottom of the main support frame is connected with the fixed foot rest, the lead screw support is arranged at the top of the main support frame, the movable rotating assembly is fixedly arranged on the lead screw support, and the follow-up clamping unit is fixed through the fixed foot rest.
The laser welding method for the skin skeleton structure rudder wing product is realized by adopting the laser welding tool for the skin skeleton structure rudder wing product, and is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, mounting the skin frame on the frame base;
s2, placing the rudder wing product with the skin skeleton structure into a skin frame, and compacting the skin through a modular compaction mechanism;
s3, moving the following type clamping unit to the lower part of the following pressing unit;
s4, the rotating component is moved to drive the tail end pressing wheel to move to a to-be-welded area of the first surface skin, the pressing force applied to the to-be-welded area by the pressing wheel is adjusted, and the laser welding head moves to each welding seam position of the to-be-welded area pair to be subjected to laser welding; preferably, the laser welding head moves to the area to be welded, and the laser welds the welding seam to be welded through the space between the 2 rolling pressing strips;
s5, the skin frame drives the rudder wing product with the skin skeleton structure to turn over through a rotating motor;
Further, the area to be welded comprises a skin periphery welding seam and a middle framework area welding seam;
the modularized pressing mechanism comprises an installation base, an air cylinder and a contact pressing head, wherein the installation base is fixedly installed on the skin frame, the air cylinder is fixedly installed on the installation base, and a piston rod of the air cylinder is connected with the contact pressing head to drive the contact pressing head to press or keep away from the surface of the skin;
in the step S4 and the step S6, the air cylinder is controlled to drive the contact pressure head to lift up, the laser welding head is avoided, and the air cylinder is controlled to drive the contact pressure head to press the surface of the skin again after the laser welding head passes through.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the laser welding tool for the rudder wing product with the skin skeleton structure is a multi-shaft follow-up intelligent flexible welding tool, a follow-up pressing unit drives a follow-up pressing shaft to move and rotate in a three-dimensional direction through a moving rotating assembly, the flexibility is high, the skin around a position to be welded is kept to be well attached to a skeleton constantly in the welding process, and therefore the welding quality is guaranteed to be stable and reliable;
(2) the laser welding tool for the rudder wing product with the skin skeleton structure is provided with a specific structure of a tail end pressing wheel which is arranged in a follow-up pressing shaft and used for pressing a position to be welded on the surface of a skin, so that the tail end pressing wheel is freely pressed on the surface of the skin without being influenced by fluctuation of the skin structure, and the bonding stability of the tail end pressing wheel and the skin is further improved;
in addition, an argon channel is designed in the follow-up pressing shaft, so that the argon protection in the welding process is convenient to realize;
(3) the laser welding tool for the rudder wing product with the skin skeleton structure skillfully designs the structure of the modularized pressing mechanism, so that the modularized pressing mechanism presses the periphery of a skin, and a cylinder is used for driving a contact pressure head to flexibly press down and lift up; the modular pressing mechanisms are independently controlled, and in the process of laser welding the periphery of the skin, the modular pressing mechanisms perform lifting and pressing actions one by one along with the movement of the laser welding head to avoid the moving laser welding head, so that interference collision between a laser head and the modular pressing mechanisms in the welding process is prevented;
(4) according to the laser welding tool for the rudder wing product with the skin framework structure, the pressing force of the tool on the position to be welded and the peripheral position can be adjusted timely according to the feedback of the sensor by arranging the sensor, so that intelligent control is realized, and the skin can be uniformly pressed on the surface of the framework and is not deformed;
(5) the laser welding tool for the skin skeleton structure rudder wing product can realize the overturning of the skin skeleton structure rudder wing product, and is convenient to operate and high in stability;
(6) the method for welding the rudder wing product with the skin skeleton structure has the advantages of high automation degree, capability of realizing the cooperative motion of the tool and the laser welding head, labor and material cost saving and good consistency of welding seams.
(7) According to the laser welding tool and the welding method for the skin skeleton structure rudder wing product, automatic positioning, clamping, pressing force monitoring and automatic welding after the skin skeleton structure rudder wing products with different sizes and thicknesses are fed can be achieved, actual processing statistics shows that the welding processing time of a single set of products can be shortened from 21.7 hours to 6.4 hours, the working time of the single set of products is saved by 15.3 hours, the processing efficiency is improved by nearly 300%, the quality stability and the automation degree of the products are improved, the labor cost is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall structure diagram of a laser welding tool for a rudder wing product with a skin skeleton structure;
FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a follow-up pressing unit in the laser welding tool for the skin skeleton structure rudder wing product;
FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a shape following clamping unit in the laser welding tool for the skin skeleton structure rudder wing product of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a modularized pressing mechanism in a laser welding tool for a rudder wing product with a skin skeleton structure;
FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of a movable rotating assembly in a laser welding tool for a rudder wing product with a skin skeleton structure;
FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of a follow-up hold-down shaft in the laser welding tool for the skin skeleton structure rudder wing product;
FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of a tail end pinch roller in a laser welding tool for a rudder wing product with a skin skeleton structure;
FIG. 8 is an assembly schematic diagram of a modularized pressing mechanism in the laser welding tool for the skin skeleton structure rudder wing product according to the invention;
Detailed Description
The features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent and appreciated from the following detailed description of the invention.
The word "exemplary" is used exclusively herein to mean "serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration. Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. While the various aspects of the embodiments are presented in drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated.
The invention relates to a multi-shaft follow-up intelligent flexible welding tool for a skin skeleton structure rudder wing product and a welding method for the skin skeleton structure rudder wing product.
The laser welding tool and the welding method for the skin skeleton structure rudder wing product can realize automatic positioning, clamping, pressing force monitoring and automatic welding after the skin skeleton structure rudder wing products with different sizes and different thicknesses are fed, the welding processing time of a single set of products can be shortened from 21.7 hours to 6.4 hours through actual processing statistics, the working time of the single set of products is saved by 15.3 hours, the processing efficiency is improved by nearly 300 percent, and the problems of unstable product quality, lower automation degree, high labor cost, low production efficiency and the like caused by the traditional assembling and welding production mode of the rudder wing product are solved.
The specific embodiment is as follows.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the multi-axis follow-up intelligent flexible laser welding tool for the skin skeleton structure rudder wing product mainly comprises a follow-up pressing unit 1 and a follow-up clamping unit 2, wherein the skin skeleton structure rudder wing product 3 is assembled in the follow-up clamping unit 2 and a skin frame 15 following the shape of a rudder wing skeleton and is pressed by a modularized pressing mechanism 17.
As shown in fig. 2, the follow-up pressing unit 1 includes a main support frame 4, a fixed foot rest 5, a screw bracket 6, a first screw, a second screw, a third screw, a rotary driving motor and a follow-up pressing shaft 10, in this embodiment, the first screw, the second screw and the third screw are a Y-axis screw 7, an X-axis screw 8 and a Z-axis screw 9 in fig. 2 and 5, respectively, and the screw bracket 6 supports the Y-axis screw 7; the Z axis is vertical to the workbench, and the XY plane is parallel to the plane of the workbench;
in the embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the form-following clamping unit 2 includes a form-following skin frame 15, a rotating motor 16, a modular pressing mechanism 17, a frame base 18 with an adjustable frame structure, and a universal wheel 19, as shown in fig. 4, wherein the modular pressing mechanism 17 includes a mounting base 20, an air cylinder 21, a pressure head pressure sensor 22, and a contact pressure head 23.
The follow-up pressing shaft 10 comprises a rotating shaft 11, an argon gas inlet 12 is arranged on the rotating shaft 11 of the tail end pressing wheel 14 and the axial pressure sensor 13, as shown in fig. 6, wherein the tail end pressing wheel 14 comprises a universal bearing 24 and a rolling pressing strip 25, as shown in fig. 7.
In the follow-up pressing unit 1, the rotating shaft 11 is driven by the Y-axis lead screw 7, the X-axis lead screw 8, the Z-axis lead screw 9 and the rotary driving motor to realize the movement along the direction of X, Y, Z and the rotation around the Z-axis direction (four-axis linkage), the advancing position and the pressing direction of the follow-up pressing shaft 10 are accurately controlled, the direction of a tail-end pressing wheel 14 in the follow-up pressing shaft 10 is kept consistent with the direction of a welding seam, the welding seam is just positioned between two rolling pressing strips 25, and the periphery of the to-be-welded position of the rudder wing product 3 with the skin skeleton structure is pressed by the two rolling pressing strips 25. The follow-up pressing unit 1 provides downward pressing external force through a servo motor of the Z-axis lead screw 9, and the maximum pressure of the follow-up pressing unit can realize the pressing of the skin and the framework with the thickness not more than 4 mm.
The universal bearing 24 of the tail end pinch roller 14 can enable the two rolling press strips 25 to be freely pressed on the surface of the skin without being influenced by fluctuation of the skin structure, the position between the two rolling press strips 25 is the position of a laser welding seam, and the pressing force of the rolling press strips 25 on the skin can realize feedback control through the axial pressure sensor 12, so that the skin of a product is well attached to a framework and does not generate excessive deformation.
During welding, inert gas is introduced through the argon gas inlet 12, argon gas passes through a channel in the rotating shaft 11, in the embodiment, a guide pipe arranged in the rotating shaft 11 is introduced from an argon gas outlet of the tail end pressing wheel 14, and inert protective atmosphere is formed in the tail end pressing wheel 14, so that gas protection in the welding process is realized; laser beams are emitted to the surface of the skin to be welded, the follow-up pressing unit 1 adjusts the Y-axis screw 7, the X-axis screw 8 and the Z-axis screw 9 through a control program along with the advancing of welding to drive the two roller pressing strips 25 to roll and advance on the surface of the skin along the welding direction, and the skin around the position to be welded is kept to be well attached to the framework constantly, so that the stable and reliable welding quality is ensured. The rolling function is realized through a roller mechanism with a bearing of 25 rolling battens, and rolling or non-rolling is implemented according to the requirement in actual operation. If continuous straight line welding is adopted and the length of the welding seam exceeds the length of the rolling batten, the rolling batten needs to roll forward along with the welding process so as to ensure that the skin is pressed on the rudder wing framework during welding; if the length of the welding line is smaller than that of the rolling pressing strip, rolling is not needed, after the current welding line is welded, the pressing strip is lifted up, moved to the position of the next welding line, pressed down, and the welding of the next welding line is continued.
The rudder wing product 3 with the skin skeleton structure is placed in a skin supporting mechanism 26 inside the skin frame 15, the skin frame 15 is installed in a frame base 18, the frame base 18 is an adjustable frame, the structure size can be adjusted randomly according to the size of the skin frame 15, and the requirement that the rudder wing product with the minimum size of 500mm and the maximum size of 2000mm can be placed in the rudder wing product with the minimum size of 500mm and the maximum size of 2000mm in the length direction or the width direction can be met. As shown in fig. 8, a plurality of sets of the modular pressing mechanisms 17 (in this embodiment, 7 sets are installed on each side of the skin frame 15) are installed on the skin frame 15 through the installation base 20, the cylinder 21 is controlled by the control system, so that the contact pressure head 23 moves up and down to press the skin, the magnitude of the pressing force can be sensed and adjusted through the pressure sensor 22, and finally the skin skeleton structure rudder wing product 3 is firmly assembled on the conformal clamping unit 2.
The modularized pressing mechanism 17 is pressed on a welding seam where the skin is in butt joint with the framework and can be independently controlled, in the process of carrying out laser welding on the periphery of the skin, the contact pressing heads 23 of the 7 groups of modularized pressing mechanisms 17 carry out lifting and pressing actions one by one along with the movement of the laser welding head to avoid the moved laser welding head, and interference collision between the laser head and the modularized pressing mechanism 17 in the welding process is prevented. Each set of modular hold-down mechanisms 17 comprises 2 modular hold-down mechanisms 17 facing one another.
The rotating motor 16 is arranged on the frame base 18 and can drive the modular pressing mechanism 17 to rotate all around, so that the rudder wing product 3 with the skin skeleton structure can be automatically turned over, and automatic double-sided welding can be performed.
The universal wheel 19 can be conveniently moved and adjusted to the position of the form following clamping unit 2, and after adjustment is completed, the form following clamping unit 2 can be rigidly fixed with the follow-up pressing unit 1 through the fixed foot stand 5, so that the relative position is ensured to be unchanged, and the welding precision is ensured.
The working sequence related to this embodiment is as follows:
step 1: the skin frame 15 is installed. The frame base 18 is adjusted according to the size of the skin frame 15, and the skin frame 15 is installed.
Step 2: and debugging the random clamping unit 2. The rudder wing product 3 with the skin skeleton structure is placed on a skin supporting mechanism 26 of a skin frame 15, and the positions of 7 groups of modularized pressing mechanisms 17 are installed and adjusted, so that the requirements of a laser welding process are met, and the periphery of the skin can be uniformly pressed on the surface of a skeleton. And 7 groups of modularized pressing mechanisms 17 are controlled to press down, and the pressing force can be sensed and adjusted through a pressure head pressure sensor 22, so that the skin and the framework are firmly fixed.
And step 3: and moving the following type clamping unit 2 to the following pressing unit 1, moving the following type clamping unit 2 to the lower part of the following pressing unit 1, and fixing the following type clamping unit 2 and the following pressing unit 1 through a fixed foot stand 5.
And 4, step 4: and editing a motion track program of the follow-up pressing shaft 10 according to the welding path, and controlling the follow-up pressing shaft 10 to drive the tail end pressing wheel 14 to match with a laser welding head of the robot to move through the program in the welding process.
And 5: and welding the middle skeleton position of the skin skeleton structure rudder wing product 3. Controlling the tail end pinch rollers 14 to press two sides of the framework at the position to be welded firstly, and feeding back and controlling the pressing force through the axial pressure sensor 13 to ensure that the skin at the position to be welded is tightly attached to the framework; and the control robot drives the laser welding head to move to the tail end pinch roller 14, and the welding attitude is adjusted to weld the welding seam between the two rolling pressing strips 25. After welding is finished, the tail end pinch roller 14 is controlled to move to the position of the next section of welding seam under the four-axis linkage action of the Y-axis lead screw 7, the X-axis lead screw 8, the Z-axis lead screw 9 and the rotating shaft 11, and welding is carried out again.
Step 6: and welding the skin circumference position of the rudder wing product 3 with the skin skeleton structure. The 7 sets of the compaction and lifting operation control programs of the modularized compaction mechanism 17 were edited. The control robot drives the laser welding head to tack weld the circumferential weld, and 7 groups of modularized pressing mechanisms 17 cannot interfere and collide with the laser welding head in the tack welding process. And after the completion of the welding at the position, formally welding at a certain position, in the welding process, under the control of a control program, lifting the modularized pressing mechanisms 17 which collide with the laser welding heads one by one in front of the welding path to avoid the laser welding heads, and after the welding at the position is completed and the laser welding heads pass through the position, controlling the modularized pressing mechanisms 17 at the position to press again by the program to ensure that the skin skeleton structure rudder wing product 3 is firmly fixed on the conformal clamping unit 2 all the time.
And 7: after welding of a certain surface skin of the skin skeleton structure rudder wing product 3 is completed, the program controls the rotating motor 16 to rotate, the skin frame 15 drives the skin skeleton structure rudder wing product 3 to turn over together, and then the operation in the step 5 and the step 6 can be repeated to weld the other surface.
Note: the rudder wing product 3 with the skin skeleton structure is composed of two skins which are symmetrical up and down and a middle skeleton, the welding position is divided into two parts of a skin circumference welding line and a middle skeleton area welding line, and after one skin is welded, the other skin is welded.
The invention has been described in detail with reference to specific embodiments and illustrative examples, but the description is not intended to be construed in a limiting sense. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various equivalent substitutions, modifications or improvements may be made to the technical solution of the present invention and its embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that those matters not described in detail in the present specification are well known in the art.
Claims (11)
1. A laser welding tool for a skin skeleton structure rudder wing product is characterized by comprising a follow-up pressing unit (1) and a follow-up clamping unit (2);
the follow-up pressing unit (1) is arranged above the follow-up clamping unit (2) and comprises a supporting mechanism, a movable rotating assembly and a follow-up pressing shaft (10); the movable rotating assembly is fixedly arranged on the supporting mechanism, and the follow-up pressing shaft (10) is connected with the movable rotating assembly; the follow-up pressing shaft (10) comprises a rotating shaft (11) vertical to the workbench and a tail end pressing wheel (14) arranged at the tail end of the rotating shaft (11) and used for pressing a to-be-welded area, and the movable rotating assembly drives the follow-up pressing shaft (10) to move in a three-dimensional space and rotate around the axis of the follow-up pressing shaft (10);
the conformal clamping unit (2) comprises a skin frame (15), a frame base (18), a modularized pressing mechanism (17) and a rotating motor (16); placing a rudder wing product with a skin skeleton structure to be welded into a skin frame (15), and fixing a modular pressing mechanism (17) on the skin frame (15) for pressing a skin; the skin frame (15) is arranged on the frame base (18); the rotating motor (16) is used for driving the skin frame (15) to turn.
2. The laser welding tool for the skin skeleton structure rudder wing product is characterized in that the tail end pressing wheel (14) comprises universal bearings (24) and rolling pressing strips (25), the rolling pressing strips (25) are arranged at the tail end of the follow-up pressing shaft (10) through the universal bearings (24), and the number of the rolling pressing strips (25) is 2; the distance between the 2 rolling pressing strips (25) is 3-5 mm, the moving rotating assembly drives the two roller pressing strips (25) to advance on the surface of the skin along the welding direction, and the laser welding seam to be welded is located between the 2 rolling pressing strips (25).
3. The laser welding tool for the skin skeleton structure rudder wing product is characterized in that an inert gas channel is arranged inside the rotating shaft (11), an inlet of the inert gas channel is formed in the side wall of the rotating shaft (11), and an outlet of the inert gas channel is formed in the tail end of the rotating shaft (11) and located between 2 rolling battens (25).
4. The laser welding tool for the skin skeleton structure rudder wing product according to claim 1, wherein the moving and rotating assembly comprises a first lead screw, a second lead screw, a third lead screw and a rotating driving motor; the first lead screw and the second lead screw are perpendicular to each other and parallel to the workbench, and the third lead screw is perpendicular to the workbench; the first lead screw drives the second lead screw to move axially along the first lead screw, the second lead screw drives the third lead screw to move axially along the second lead screw, the third lead screw drives the rotating shaft to move axially along the third lead screw, and the output shaft of the rotary driving motor is coaxial with the follow-up pressing shaft (10) to drive the follow-up pressing shaft (10) to rotate.
5. The laser welding tool for the rudder wing product with the skin skeleton structure according to claim 1, wherein the modularized pressing mechanism (17) comprises a mounting base (20), a cylinder (21) and a contact pressure head (23), the mounting base (20) is fixedly mounted on the skin frame (15), the cylinder (21) is fixedly mounted on the mounting base (20), a piston rod of the cylinder (21) is connected with the contact pressure head (23) to drive the contact pressure head (23) to press or keep away from the surface of the skin.
6. The laser welding tool for the skin skeleton structure rudder wing product is characterized in that the modular pressing mechanism (17) further comprises a pressure head pressure sensor (22) for acquiring the pressure borne by a contact pressure head (23);
and an axial pressure sensor (13) for acquiring the pressure borne by the tail end pinch roller (14) is arranged on a rotating shaft (11) of the follow-up pressing shaft (10).
7. The laser welding tool for the skin skeleton structure rudder wing product is characterized in that the modular pressing mechanisms (17) are symmetrically arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the skin skeleton structure rudder wing product, 2 symmetrically arranged modular pressing mechanisms (17) are determined as one group, and 5-20 groups are arranged along the skin frame (15).
8. The laser welding tool for the skin skeleton structure rudder wing product is characterized in that the skin frame (15) is a conformal frame designed according to the appearance of the skin skeleton structure rudder wing product; a skin supporting mechanism (26) for placing a skin skeleton structure rudder wing product is arranged in the skin frame (15);
the frame base (18) is a frame structure which can be adjusted according to the shape of the skin frame (15); the bottom of the frame base (18) is provided with universal wheels (19).
9. The skin skeleton structure rudder wing product laser welding tool according to claim 1, wherein a supporting mechanism in the follow-up pressing unit (1) comprises a main supporting frame (4), a fixed foot rest (5) and a screw rod support (6), the bottom of the main supporting frame (4) is connected with the fixed foot rest (5), the top of the main supporting frame is provided with the screw rod support (6), the movable rotating assembly is fixedly installed on the screw rod support (6), and the follow-up clamping unit (2) is fixed through the fixed foot rest (5).
10. A method for welding a rudder wing product with a skin skeleton structure is characterized by being realized by adopting the welding tool for the rudder wing product with the skin skeleton structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, mounting the skin frame (15) on the frame base (18);
s2, placing the rudder wing product with the skin skeleton structure into a skin frame (15), and compacting the skin through a modular compacting mechanism (17);
s3, the following type clamping unit (2) is moved to the lower part of the following pressing unit (1);
s4, driving the tail end pressing wheel (14) to move to a to-be-welded area of the first surface skin through the movable rotating assembly, adjusting pressing force applied to the to-be-welded area by the pressing wheel (14), moving the laser welding head to the to-be-welded area, and performing laser welding on each welding seam position of the first surface skin;
s5, the skin frame (15) drives the rudder wing product of the skin skeleton structure to turn over through the rotating motor (16);
s6, the rotating component is moved to drive the tail end pressing wheel (14) to move to a to-be-welded area of the second surface skin, the pressing force applied to the to-be-welded area by the pressing wheel (14) is adjusted, and the laser welding head moves to the to-be-welded area to perform laser welding on all welding lines of the second surface skin.
11. The welding method for the rudder wing product with the skin skeleton structure is characterized in that the areas to be welded comprise skin peripheral welding seams and middle skeleton area welding seams;
the modularized pressing mechanism (17) comprises a mounting base (20), an air cylinder (21) and a contact pressure head (23), the mounting base (20) is fixedly mounted on the skin frame (15), the air cylinder (21) is fixedly mounted on the mounting base (20), and a piston rod of the air cylinder (21) is connected with the contact pressure head (23) to drive the contact pressure head (23) to press or keep away from the surface of the skin;
in the step S4 and the step S6, the air cylinder (21) is controlled to drive the contact pressure head (23) to lift up, the laser welding head is avoided, and the air cylinder (21) is controlled to drive the contact pressure head (23) to press the surface of the skin again after the laser welding head passes through.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN114918540A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-08-19 | 德艾柯工程技术(江苏)有限公司 | Multi-axis linkage three-dimensional surface laser welding machine |
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