CN113523326A

CN113523326A - Rapid axial positioning device for workpiece, lathe and using method

Info

Publication number: CN113523326A
Application number: CN202110626084.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈星�; 苏根发
Original assignee: Nanjing College of Information Technology
Current assignee: Nanjing College of Information Technology
Priority date: 2021-06-04
Filing date: 2021-06-04
Publication date: 2021-10-22

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of lathe machining, and discloses a quick axial positioning device for a workpiece, a lathe and a using method. The invention has the beneficial effects that after the workpieces are quickly positioned and clamped, each workpiece can be axially processed without axial tool setting through the longitudinal planker.

Description

Rapid axial positioning device for workpiece, lathe and using method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of lathe machining, relates to a positioning device for clamping a workpiece by a lathe, and particularly relates to a rapid axial positioning device for the workpiece, the lathe and a use method.

Background

The lathe is one of the most common equipment of machining, powerful, and the circumference processing that mainly is rotatory class part is main, and the excircle of axle type part is main processing object, adds man-hour in batches, and the whole machining efficiency is directly influenced to axial positioning's clamping speed, and traditional processing form is that every part all need carry out axial tool setting operation, and is consuming time more. The lathe is provided with a special mechanism to realize rapid axial positioning by utilizing the structural characteristics of the lathe, and has practical significance.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a quick axial positioning device for a workpiece, a lathe and a using method.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a quick axial positioning device for workpieces comprises a positioning mechanism, wherein the positioning mechanism comprises a positioning disc, an adjusting screw rod and a fixed disc, one end of the adjusting screw rod is fixedly connected with the positioning disc, the fixed disc is a disc cover, the middle of the fixed disc is provided with a spiral hole, the fixed disc is movably connected with the adjusting screw rod through the spiral hole on the fixed disc, a locking threaded hole is formed in the circumferential surface of the fixed disc, and the fixed disc is fixedly connected with a spindle hole protruding out of a spindle box body of a lathe through the locking threaded hole on the fixed disc; the adjusting screw rods are placed in the spiral holes of the fixed disc and are matched with each other to realize axial movement of the adjusting screw rods; the positioning mechanism is particularly suitable for long workpieces (an axis with the length-diameter ratio of 25: 1 is defined as a long axis, but in actual work, the workpiece with the length of more than or equal to 50 cm is usually appointed as the long workpiece, and the workpiece with the length of less than 50 cm is usually appointed as the short workpiece). by using the positioning device, after the workpieces are quickly positioned and clamped, each workpiece can be axially processed without axial tool setting through a longitudinal planker.

Furthermore, the fixed disk is sleeved on a spindle hole of a spindle box body of the lathe and is in threaded fixed connection with the circumferential surface of the spindle hole through a locking threaded hole in the fixed disk.

Furthermore, the adjusting screw comprises a hexagonal prism section arranged at one end and a threaded rod section with the rest section being a threaded rod, the end face of the threaded rod section is provided with a connecting threaded hole used for being connected with the positioning disk, and the end face of the threaded rod section of the adjusting screw is fixedly connected with the positioning disk through a connecting screw. One end of the adjusting screw rod is arranged into a hexagonal prism section, so that the wrench can rotate conveniently.

Furthermore, N locking threaded holes are formed in the circumferential surface of the fixed disc in an array mode.

Furthermore, the positioning disc is a disc with a hole in the middle.

Further, still include the locating piece, the locating piece is the disc to the jack catch size correspondence according to the chuck is provided with connection slot, connection slot is used for the card on the jack catch, and the axial positioning of short work piece can use the locating piece to install and realize quick location on the chuck.

Furthermore, the connection of the connecting clamping groove and the clamping jaw is in clearance fit, and free movement of the clamping jaw is not influenced.

A lathe comprises a lathe body, wherein a spindle box and a feeding mechanism which is arranged opposite to the spindle box are arranged on the lathe body, a chuck is arranged at the output end of the spindle box, the feeding mechanism comprises a guide rail, a longitudinal planker arranged on the guide rail and a transverse planker arranged on the longitudinal planker, a tool rest is arranged on the transverse planker, a turning tool is arranged on the tool rest, and the positioning mechanism is arranged in a spindle hole of the spindle box.

Further, still include above-mentioned locating piece.

The use method of the quick axial positioning device for the workpiece comprises the following steps: when the machined workpiece is a short workpiece, the positioning block is placed on the chuck to serve as an backer for axially positioning the workpiece, and during installation, the workpiece is tightly pushed against the positioning block and then clamped by chuck jaws to realize installation and positioning; when the workpiece to be processed is a long workpiece, the positioning mechanism is installed in the spindle hole, the adjusting screw rod with the corresponding length is selected according to the length of the workpiece, the axial position of the workpiece is limited through the length of the adjusting screw rod, and during installation, the workpiece is abutted against the positioning disc and then clamped by the chuck jaws to achieve installation and positioning.

Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a device for quickly axially positioning a workpiece, a lathe and a using method, and the device has the following beneficial effects:

(1) by additionally arranging the positioning mechanism, the axial positioning device can quickly and axially position the shaft parts when the shaft parts are clamped on a lathe; meanwhile, the problems of convenience in use and cost and time saving of short workpieces are further considered, and the short workpieces can be positioned quickly by using the positioning blocks.

(2) Since the long workpiece (more than or equal to 50 cm) has the obvious problem of rotary swing, the positioning mechanism of the invention changes the long workpiece into the short workpiece, thereby avoiding the problem.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a positioning mechanism 9 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the positioning mechanism 9 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a fixing plate 93 according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the positioning mechanism 9 of the present invention installed in the spindle hole 71 of the lathe;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the positioning mechanism 9 in fig. 4 after installation and clamping of the workpiece 8 are completed;

FIG. 6 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 5 taken along the center line of the lathe spindle bore 71;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a positioning block 4 used for clamping a short workpiece according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the positioning block 5 of the present invention installed when in use;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the positioning block 5 in fig. 8 after the positioning block is mounted and the workpiece 8 is clamped.

The reference numerals in the figures have the meaning: 1-longitudinal carriage, 2-transverse carriage, 3-tool rest, 4-turning tool, 5-positioning block, 6-chuck, 7-main spindle box, 8-workpiece, 9-positioning mechanism, 51-connecting clamping groove, 71-main spindle hole, 91-adjusting screw rod, 92-locking screw, 93-fixing disc, 94-positioning disc, 95-connecting screw, 931-spiral hole and 932-locking threaded hole.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1 to 6, the axial positioning device of the present invention includes a positioning mechanism 9, the positioning mechanism 9 includes a positioning disc 94, an adjusting screw 91 with one end fixedly connected with the positioning disc 94, and a fixed disc 93, the fixed disc 93 is a disc cover with a screw hole 931 in the middle, the fixed disc 93 is movably connected with the adjusting screw 91 through the screw hole 931 thereon, a locking screw hole 932 is arranged on the circumferential surface of the fixed disc 93, and the fixed disc 93 is fixedly connected with a spindle hole 71 protruding from a box body of a lathe spindle box 7 through the locking screw hole 932 thereon; the adjusting screw 91 is placed in the spiral hole 931 of the fixed disk 93 and is matched with each other to realize the axial movement of the adjusting screw 91; the positioning mechanism 9 is arranged in the spindle hole 71 to realize axial positioning of the workpieces 8, and the length of the adjusting screw 91 and the adjusting screw with different lengths are changed to realize the requirement on the axial positioning size, the positioning mechanism 9 is particularly suitable for long workpieces, and after the workpieces 8 are quickly positioned and clamped, each workpiece 8 can be axially processed without axial tool setting through the longitudinal planker 1 by using the positioning device.

As shown in fig. 4 to 6, in an embodiment of the present invention, the fixed plate 93 is fitted over the spindle hole 71 of the housing of the lathe headstock 7 and is screwed to the circumferential surface of the spindle hole 71 through the locking screw hole 932 of the fixed plate 93.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in a specific embodiment of the present embodiment, the adjusting screw 91 includes a hexagonal prism section disposed at one end and a threaded rod section with a remaining section being a threaded rod, an end surface of the threaded rod section is provided with a connection threaded hole for connecting with the positioning plate 94, and an end surface of the threaded rod section of the adjusting screw 91 is fixedly connected with the positioning plate 94 through a connection screw 95.

In one embodiment of this embodiment, N locking screw holes 932 are arranged in an array on the circumferential surface of the fixed plate 93.

In one embodiment of this embodiment, the positioning plate 93 is a disk with a hole in the middle.

Example 2:

as shown in fig. 7 to 9, the present embodiment 2 is different from the embodiment 1 in that: a plurality of positioning blocks 5 are provided, which are dedicated to short workpieces, for example, workpieces having a length of less than 50 cm.

The axial positioning device further comprises a positioning block 5, the positioning block 5 is disc-shaped, a connecting clamping groove 51 is correspondingly arranged according to the size of a clamping jaw of the chuck 6, the connecting clamping groove 51 is used for being clamped on the clamping jaw, and the positioning block 5 can be used for being mounted on the chuck 6 to achieve rapid positioning of the short workpiece in the axial positioning mode.

In a specific embodiment of this embodiment, the connection between the connection slot 51 and the jaws is a clearance fit, and the free movement of the jaws is not affected.

As shown in fig. 4 to 6, the lathe of the present invention includes a lathe bed, the lathe bed is provided with a headstock 7 and a feeding mechanism arranged opposite to the headstock 7, an output end of the headstock 7 is provided with a chuck 6, the feeding mechanism includes a guide rail, a longitudinal carriage 1 arranged on the guide rail and a transverse carriage 2 arranged on the longitudinal carriage 1, the transverse carriage 2 is provided with a tool rest 3, the tool rest 3 is provided with a turning tool 4, and the positioning mechanism 9 is arranged in a spindle hole 71 of the headstock 7.

As shown in fig. 8 and 9, in a specific embodiment of this embodiment, the lathe of the present invention further includes the positioning block 5.

The use method of the invention, which utilizes the axial positioning device of the invention, comprises the following steps: when the processed workpiece 8 is a short workpiece, the positioning block 5 is placed on the chuck 6 to serve as an backer for axial positioning of the workpiece 8, and during installation, the workpiece 8 is tightly pushed against the positioning block 5 and then clamps the jaws of the chuck 6 to realize installation and positioning; when the machined workpiece 8 is a long workpiece, the positioning mechanism 9 is installed in the spindle hole 71, the adjusting screw 91 with the corresponding length is selected according to the length of the workpiece 8, the axial position of the workpiece 8 is limited by adjusting the length of the adjusting screw 91, and during installation, the workpiece 8 is abutted against the positioning disc 94 and then clamped by the clamping jaws of the chuck 6, so that installation and positioning are realized.

It should be noted that, the method for controlling the precise positioning and the movement track of the tool by the numerical control system of the numerical control lathe in the present application is the prior art.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for quickly and axially positioning a workpiece is characterized in that: the positioning mechanism comprises a positioning disk, an adjusting screw rod and a fixed disk, wherein one end of the adjusting screw rod is fixedly connected with the positioning disk, the fixed disk is a disk cover with a spiral hole in the middle, the fixed disk is movably connected with the adjusting screw rod through the spiral hole in the fixed disk, a locking threaded hole is formed in the circumferential surface of the fixed disk, and the fixed disk is fixedly connected with a spindle hole protruding out of a lathe spindle box body through the locking threaded hole in the fixed disk.

2. A device for the rapid axial positioning of workpieces as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the fixed disk is sleeved on a main shaft hole of a main shaft box body of the lathe and is in threaded fixed connection with the circumferential surface of the main shaft hole through a locking threaded hole in the fixed disk.

3. A device for the rapid axial positioning of workpieces as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the adjusting screw comprises a hexagonal prism section arranged at one end and a threaded rod section with the rest section being a threaded rod, and a connecting threaded hole used for being connected with the positioning disc is formed in the end face of the threaded rod section.

4. A device for the rapid axial positioning of workpieces as set forth in claim 1, wherein: n locking threaded holes are formed in the circumferential surface of the fixed disc in an array mode.

5. A device for the rapid axial positioning of workpieces as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the positioning disc is a disc with a hole in the middle.

6. A device for the rapid axial positioning of workpieces as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the clamping chuck is characterized by further comprising a positioning block, the positioning block is disc-shaped, a connecting clamping groove is correspondingly arranged according to the size of the clamping jaw of the chuck, and the connecting clamping groove is used for being clamped on the clamping jaw.

7. A device for the rapid axial positioning of workpieces as set forth in claim 6, wherein: the connection of the connecting clamping groove and the clamping jaw is in clearance fit.

8. The utility model provides a lathe, includes the lathe bed, be provided with headstock and the relative feed mechanism who sets up with the headstock on the lathe bed, the output of headstock is provided with the chuck, feed mechanism includes the guide rail, sets up indulges the planker on the guide rail and sets up the horizontal planker on indulging the planker, be provided with the knife rest on the horizontal planker, install the lathe tool on the knife rest, its characterized in that: the positioning mechanism of any one of claims 1 to 5 is mounted in a spindle hole of the spindle box.

9. A lathe according to claim 8 wherein: further comprising the positioning block of claim 6 or 7.

10. A use method for a workpiece rapid axial positioning device is characterized by comprising the following steps: use of an axial positioning device according to claim 6 or 7, comprising the steps of: when the machined workpiece is a short workpiece, the positioning block is placed on the chuck to serve as an backer for axially positioning the workpiece, and during installation, the workpiece is tightly pushed against the positioning block and then clamped by chuck jaws to realize installation and positioning; when the workpiece to be processed is a long workpiece, the positioning mechanism is installed in the spindle hole, the adjusting screw rod with the corresponding length is selected according to the length of the workpiece, the axial position of the workpiece is limited through the length of the adjusting screw rod, and during installation, the workpiece is abutted against the positioning disc and then clamped by the chuck jaws to achieve installation and positioning.