CN113522306A - Preparation method of composite catalyst for removing volatile organic compounds - Google Patents
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- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/89—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals
- B01J23/8933—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals also combined with metals, or metal oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/8986—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals also combined with metals, or metal oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with manganese, technetium or rhenium
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8668—Removing organic compounds not provided for in B01D53/8603 - B01D53/8665
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8678—Removing components of undefined structure
- B01D53/8687—Organic components
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/08—Heat treatment
- B01J37/082—Decomposition and pyrolysis
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- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/34—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation
- B01J37/341—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation making use of electric or magnetic fields, wave energy or particle radiation
- B01J37/344—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation making use of electric or magnetic fields, wave energy or particle radiation of electromagnetic wave energy
- B01J37/346—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation making use of electric or magnetic fields, wave energy or particle radiation of electromagnetic wave energy of microwave energy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
- B01D2257/702—Hydrocarbons
- B01D2257/7027—Aromatic hydrocarbons
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
- B01D2257/708—Volatile organic compounds V.O.C.'s
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/06—Polluted air
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental pollution treatment, and discloses a preparation method of a composite catalyst for removing volatile organic compounds, which comprises the following steps: weighing 14-16g of copper nitrate, 13-18g of manganese nitrate and 8-13g of silver nitrate, dissolving into 100ml of pure water, stirring for 10-20min by using a glass rod, and heating or adding pure water if a small amount of solid substances cannot be dissolved to ensure that the solid substances are completely dissolved; step two: weighing 100g of corundum (gamma-Al 2O 3) spherical particles, adding the corundum (gamma-Al 2O 3) spherical particles into the prepared solution, stirring for 10min by using a glass rod, loading for 1h at the temperature of 30 ℃, then carrying out microwave for 10min in a microwave oven, and stirring again; the method has the advantages of low treatment cost, simple and reliable process flow and greatly improved treatment efficiency of the volatile organic compounds, and experiments prove that the treatment efficiency can be improved by more than 10 percent when the composite catalyst is used for treating the volatile organic compounds.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental pollution treatment, in particular to a preparation method of a composite catalyst for removing volatile organic compounds.
Background
With the gradual improvement of the quality of life, the number of production enterprises such as architectural decoration, indoor decoration materials and the like is more and more, and a large amount of volatile organic pollutants (VOCs) such as benzene, toluene and the like can be released in the production process. As one of organic substances that may cause serious harm to human bodies, removal approaches thereof have attracted extensive attention in the academic world. The volatile organic compounds are important precursors for forming secondary pollutants such as fine particles, ozone and the like, and further cause atmospheric environmental problems such as dust haze, photochemical smog and the like.
At present, the types of catalysts are more, but due to the problems of low activity, inactivation, difficult loading and the like of the catalysts, the adsorption amount of the catalysts for removing volatile organic compounds is limited. The preparation of the composite catalyst can effectively improve the catalytic efficiency of the catalyst, increase the adsorption capacity and achieve the purpose of improving the removal efficiency of volatile organic compounds by combining a low-temperature plasma concerted catalysis technology.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems that the conventional common catalyst has low efficiency of treating volatile organic compounds, is not fully degraded and generates a large amount of secondary pollution, the invention aims to provide a composite catalyst which can improve the removal efficiency of the volatile organic compounds and degrade the seriously harmful volatile organic compounds into harmless substances.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a preparation method of a composite catalyst for removing volatile organic compounds comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: weighing 14-16g of copper nitrate, 13-18g of manganese nitrate and 8-13g of silver nitrate, dissolving into 100ml of pure water, stirring for 10-20min by using a glass rod, and heating or adding pure water if a small amount of solid substances cannot be dissolved to ensure that the solid substances are completely dissolved;
step two: weighing 100g of corundum (gamma-Al 2O 3) spherical particles, adding the corundum (gamma-Al 2O 3) spherical particles into the prepared solution, stirring for 10min by using a glass rod, loading for 1h at the temperature of 30 ℃, then carrying out microwave for 10min in a microwave oven, and stirring again;
step three: and (3) putting the microwave-finished catalyst into an oven to be dried for 2h at the temperature of 105 ℃ to ensure that the solution is completely evaporated to dryness, then putting the catalyst into a muffle furnace to be roasted for 4h at the high temperature of 400 ℃, completely attaching the Mn/Cu/Ag mixture to the surface of corundum, and finishing the preparation of the corundum composite catalyst.
Further, the amount of each metal compound in the first step is selected, and the amount of each metal compound is not less than 5%.
As a further scheme of the invention, in the second step, the load is carried for 1h at the temperature of 30 ℃, and the microwave heating is carried out in a microwave oven for not less than 10 min.
Preferably, the oven in the third step is loaded for 1h at 105 ℃.
Further, in the third step, the muffle furnace is roasted for 4 hours at the high temperature of 400 ℃.
As a further scheme of the present invention, the load heating and the liquid evaporation process in each step are step heating.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the catalyst measured by a catalyst specific surface area and pore size analyzer (BET) in the method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of smooth and compact surface, smooth pore structure, compact and regular particle distribution, and can provide stronger catalytic activity than that of a common catalyst.
2. The invention can effectively promote the deep oxidation of volatile organic compounds and fully degrade the volatile organic compounds into harmless CO2CO and H2O, the method is environment-friendly, has low treatment cost and simple and reliable process flow, greatly improves the treatment efficiency of the volatile organic compounds, and tests prove that the treatment efficiency can be improved by over 10 percent when the composite catalyst is used for treating the volatile organic compounds.
3. The composite catalyst prepared by the invention can effectively improve the removal efficiency no matter used alone or combined with related technologies (DBD) to remove volatile organic compounds.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow-structure diagram of a preparation method of a composite catalyst for removing volatile organic compounds according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a scanning electron microscope before catalyst compounding for a method for preparing a composite catalyst for removing volatile organic compounds according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a scanning electron microscope after catalyst compounding for a method for preparing a composite catalyst for removing volatile organic compounds according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of comparative analysis of the removal efficiency of volatile organic compounds by + DBD (dielectric barrier discharge) before catalyst recombination in the preparation method of the composite catalyst for removing volatile organic compounds according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of comparative analysis of the removal efficiency of the volatile organic compounds by + DBD (dielectric barrier discharge) after catalyst compounding in the preparation method of the composite catalyst for removing volatile organic compounds according to the present invention.
The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the patent; for the purpose of better illustrating the embodiments, certain features of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-5, the present invention provides a method for preparing a composite catalyst for removing volatile organic compounds, comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: weighing 15.0g of copper nitrate, 16.5g of manganese nitrate and 12.0g of silver nitrate, dissolving the copper nitrate, the manganese nitrate and the silver nitrate into 100ml of pure water, stirring the mixture for 10 to 20min by using a glass rod, and if a small amount of solid substances cannot be dissolved, properly heating the mixture or adding a small amount of pure water to ensure that the solid substances are completely dissolved.
Step two: weighing 100g of corundum (gamma-Al)2O3) Adding spherical particles into the prepared solution, stirring with a glass rod for 10min, loading at 30 ℃ for 1h, then microwave in a microwave oven for 10min, and stirring again;
step three: and (3) putting the microwave-finished catalyst into an oven to be dried for 2 hours at the temperature of 105 ℃ to ensure that the solution is completely evaporated to dryness. And then placing the mixture into a muffle furnace to be roasted for 4 hours at the high temperature of 400 ℃, wherein the Mn/Cu/Ce mixture is completely attached to the surface of the corundum, and the preparation of the corundum composite catalyst is finished.
Step four: a general type catalyst (100 g) was charged in a reaction tube, and the collected toluene-containing solution (u =300 mg/m)3) The method comprises the following steps of introducing (Q =2.5 ml/s) pollution source waste gas into a reaction tube, starting a gas circuit power supply, treating toluene-containing waste gas by using a common catalyst, detecting toluene by using a gas chromatography mass spectrometer (PE-SQ 8), and removing the toluene with the efficiency: 75.0% (1 min), 66.91% (5 min), 62.65% (10 min), 60.73% (20 min), 58.05% (30 min), 57.24% (40 min), 56.82% (50 min), 55.24% (60 min).
Step five: the composite catalyst (100 g) was charged into a reaction tube, and the collected toluene-containing solution (u =300 mg/m)3) Introducing the pollution source waste gas into a (Q =2.5 ml/s) reaction tube, starting a power supply, and adopting a composite catalystAnd (3) treating the toluene-containing waste gas, detecting toluene by using a gas chromatography mass spectrometer (PE-SQ 8), wherein the toluene removal efficiency is as follows: 60.11% (1 min), 51.72% (5 min), 46.71% (10 min), 44.45% (20 min), 42.59% (30 min), 40.14% (40 min), 41.35% (50 min), 38.54% (60 min).
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1-5, the present invention provides a method for preparing a composite catalyst for removing volatile organic compounds, comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: weighing 15.0g of copper nitrate, 16.5g of manganese nitrate and 12.0g of silver nitrate, dissolving the copper nitrate, the manganese nitrate and the silver nitrate into 100ml of pure water, stirring the mixture for 10 to 20min by using a glass rod, and if a small amount of solid substances cannot be dissolved, properly heating the mixture or adding a small amount of pure water to ensure that the solid substances are completely dissolved.
Step two: weighing 100g of corundum (gamma-Al)2O3) Adding spherical particles into the prepared solution, stirring with a glass rod for 10min, loading at 30 ℃ for 1h, then microwave in a microwave oven for 10min, and stirring again;
step three: and (3) putting the microwave-finished catalyst into an oven to be dried for 2 hours at the temperature of 105 ℃ to ensure that the solution is completely evaporated to dryness. And then placing the mixture into a muffle furnace to be roasted for 4 hours at the high temperature of 400 ℃, wherein the Mn/Cu/Ce mixture is completely attached to the surface of the corundum, and the preparation of the corundum composite catalyst is finished.
Step four: a general catalyst (100 g) was charged in a DBD (dielectric Barrier discharge) reaction tube, and the collected toluene-containing material (u =300 mg/m)3) Introducing the pollution source waste gas into a (Q =2.5 ml/s) reaction tube, starting a power supply, treating the toluene-containing waste gas by adopting a composite catalyst and DBD combined technology, detecting toluene by adopting a gas chromatography mass spectrometer (PE-SQ 8), wherein the toluene removal efficiency is as follows: 95.73% (1 min), 87.82% (5 min), 85.27% (10 min), 83.45% (20 min), 81.91% (30 min), 80.55% (40 min), 78.23% (50 min), 77.82% (60 min).
Step five: the composite catalyst (100 g) was charged into a DBD (dielectric barrier discharge) reaction tube, and the collected toluene-containing (u =300 mg/m)3) Introducing the pollution source waste gas into a (Q =2.5 ml/s) reaction tube, turning on a power supply, and adopting a composite methodThe catalyst combines DBD technology to process toluene-containing waste gas, a gas chromatography mass spectrometer (PE-SQ 8) is adopted to detect toluene, and the toluene removal efficiency is as follows: 96.73% (1 min), 92.55% (5 min), 88.27% (10 min), 85.0% (20 min), 84.82% (30 min), 82.47% (40 min), 81.59% (50 min), 81.0% (60 min).
Example 3
Referring to fig. 1-5, the present invention provides a method for preparing a composite catalyst for removing volatile organic compounds, comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: weighing 15.0g of copper nitrate, 16.5g of manganese nitrate and 12.0g of silver nitrate, dissolving the copper nitrate, the manganese nitrate and the silver nitrate into 100ml of pure water, stirring the mixture for 10 to 20min by using a glass rod, and if a small amount of solid substances cannot be dissolved, properly heating the mixture or adding a small amount of pure water to ensure that the solid substances are completely dissolved.
Step two: weighing 100g of corundum (gamma-Al)2O3) Adding spherical particles into the prepared solution, stirring with a glass rod for 10min, loading at 30 ℃ for 1h, then microwave in a microwave oven for 10min, and stirring again;
step three: and (3) putting the microwave-finished catalyst into an oven to be dried for 2 hours at the temperature of 105 ℃ to ensure that the solution is completely evaporated to dryness. And then placing the mixture into a muffle furnace to be roasted for 4 hours at the high temperature of 400 ℃, wherein the Mn/Cu/Ce mixture is completely attached to the surface of the corundum, and the preparation of the corundum composite catalyst is finished.
Step four: a general type catalyst (100 g) was charged in a reaction tube, and collected benzene-containing (u =200 mg/m)3) The pollution source waste gas of (Q =2.5 ml/s) lets in (Q =2.5 ml/s) the reaction tube, opens the gas circuit power, adopts ordinary type catalyst to handle benzene-containing waste gas, adopts gas chromatography mass spectrometer (PE-SQ 8) to detect benzene, and benzene removal efficiency is: 55.22% (1 min), 53.72% (5 min), 46.71% (10 min), 44.45% (20 min), 42.59% (30 min), 42.12% (40 min), 41.35% (50 min), 40.11% (60 min).
Step five: the composite catalyst (100 g) was charged into a reaction tube, and collected benzene-containing (u =300 mg/m)3) Introducing pollution source waste gas into a (Q =2.5 ml/s) reaction tube, starting a gas circuit power supply, treating toluene-containing waste gas by adopting a composite catalyst, and adopting gasThe phase chromatography mass spectrometer (PE-SQ 8) detects toluene, and the benzene removal efficiency is as follows: 65.32% (1 min), 62.91% (5 min), 57.65% (10 min), 55.73% (20 min), 53.05% (30 min), 54.12% (40 min), 51.82% (50 min), 50.24% (60 min).
Example 4
Referring to fig. 1-5, the present invention provides a method for preparing a composite catalyst for removing volatile organic compounds, comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: weighing 15.0g of copper nitrate, 16.5g of manganese nitrate and 12.0g of silver nitrate, dissolving the copper nitrate, the manganese nitrate and the silver nitrate into 100ml of pure water, stirring the mixture for 10 to 20min by using a glass rod, and if a small amount of solid substances cannot be dissolved, properly heating the mixture or adding a small amount of pure water to ensure that the solid substances are completely dissolved.
Step two: weighing 100g of corundum (gamma-Al)2O3) Adding spherical particles into the prepared solution, stirring with a glass rod for 10min, loading at 30 ℃ for 1h, then microwave in a microwave oven for 10min, and stirring again;
step three: and (3) putting the microwave-finished catalyst into an oven to be dried for 2 hours at the temperature of 105 ℃ to ensure that the solution is completely evaporated to dryness. And then placing the mixture into a muffle furnace to be roasted for 4 hours at the high temperature of 400 ℃, wherein the Mn/Cu/Ce mixture is completely attached to the surface of the corundum, and the preparation of the corundum composite catalyst is finished.
Step four: a general catalyst (100 g) was charged in a DBD (dielectric Barrier discharge) reaction tube, and collected benzene-containing (u =200 mg/m)3) The pollution source waste gas of (Q =2.5 ml/s) lets in the reaction tube, opens gas circuit and DBD device power, adopts compound catalyst to unite the DBD technique and handles including benzene waste gas, adopts gas chromatography mass spectrometer (PE-SQ 8) to detect benzene, and benzene gets rid of the efficiency and is: 89.73% (1 min), 87.55% (5 min), 83.27% (10 min), 80.0% (20 min), 79.82% (30 min), 76.55% (40 min), 76.59% (50 min), 76.0% (60 min).
Step five: the composite catalyst (100 g) was charged in a DBD (dielectric barrier discharge) reaction tube, and the collected benzene-containing (u =200 mg/m)3) Introducing the pollution source waste gas into a (Q =2.5 ml/s) reaction tube, starting a power supply, and adopting a composite catalyst and DBD combined technologyBenzene-containing waste gas is detected by a gas chromatography mass spectrometer (PE-SQ 8), and the benzene removal efficiency is as follows: 82.22% (1 min), 77.82% (5 min), 75.27% (10 min), 73.45% (20 min), 71.91% (30 min), 67.31% (40 min), 68.23% (50 min), 67.82% (60 min).
The standard parts used in the invention can be purchased from the market, the special-shaped parts can be customized according to the description of the specification and the accompanying drawings, the specific connection mode of each part adopts conventional means such as bolts, rivets, welding and the like mature in the prior art, the machines, the parts and equipment adopt conventional models in the prior art, and the circuit connection adopts the conventional connection mode in the prior art, so that the detailed description is omitted.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. A preparation method of a composite catalyst for removing volatile organic compounds is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: weighing 14-16g of copper nitrate, 13-18g of manganese nitrate and 8-13g of silver nitrate, dissolving into 100ml of pure water, stirring for 10-20min by using a glass rod, and heating or adding pure water if a small amount of solid substances cannot be dissolved to ensure that the solid substances are completely dissolved;
step two: weighing 100g of corundum (gamma-Al 2O 3) spherical particles, adding the corundum (gamma-Al 2O 3) spherical particles into the prepared solution, stirring for 10min by using a glass rod, loading for 1h at the temperature of 30 ℃, then carrying out microwave for 10min in a microwave oven, and stirring again;
step three: and (3) putting the microwave-finished catalyst into an oven to be dried for 2h at the temperature of 105 ℃ to ensure that the solution is completely evaporated to dryness, then putting the catalyst into a muffle furnace to be roasted for 4h at the high temperature of 400 ℃, completely attaching the Mn/Cu/Ag mixture to the surface of corundum, and finishing the preparation of the corundum composite catalyst.
2. The preparation method of the composite catalyst for removing volatile organic compounds according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the amount of each metal compound in the first step is selected, and the amount of each metal compound is not less than 5%.
3. The preparation method of the composite catalyst for removing volatile organic compounds according to claim 2, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: in the second step, the load is required to be carried for 1h at the temperature of 30 ℃, and the microwave heating is carried out in a microwave oven for not less than 10 min.
4. The preparation method of the composite catalyst for removing volatile organic compounds according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: and (3) loading for 1h in an oven at 105 ℃ in the third step.
5. The preparation method of the composite catalyst for removing volatile organic compounds according to claim 4, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: and in the third step, the material is roasted at a high temperature of 400 ℃ in a muffle furnace for 4 hours.
6. The preparation method of the composite catalyst for removing volatile organic compounds according to claim 5, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: and step heating is carried out in the processes of load heating and liquid evaporation in each step.
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Application publication date: 20211022 |