CN113521867B - Catalytic cracking slurry oil continuous purification system and process - Google Patents
Catalytic cracking slurry oil continuous purification system and process Download PDFInfo
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- CN113521867B CN113521867B CN202110852201.4A CN202110852201A CN113521867B CN 113521867 B CN113521867 B CN 113521867B CN 202110852201 A CN202110852201 A CN 202110852201A CN 113521867 B CN113521867 B CN 113521867B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D36/00—Filter circuits or combinations of filters with other separating devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D36/00—Filter circuits or combinations of filters with other separating devices
- B01D36/003—Filters in combination with devices for the removal of liquids
- B01D36/006—Purge means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
- B03C1/30—Combinations with other devices, not otherwise provided for
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G53/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes
- C10G53/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes plural serial stages only
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Abstract
The invention discloses a catalytic cracking slurry oil continuous purification system which comprises a heater, a liquid-solid preseparator, an electrostatic device, a slag scraping device, an air blowing device, a centrifugal pump, a filtering device, a filter pressing device and a cleaning slurry oil storage tank, wherein the liquid-solid preseparator comprises a slag outlet, a slurry oil inlet, a slurry oil distribution main pipe, a slurry oil distribution branch pipe, a slurry oil outlet and a stop valve, the electrostatic device is positioned in the liquid-solid preseparator, the slag scraping device comprises a motor, a coupler, a cutter disc and a scraper, the motor is positioned at the top end of the outer part of the liquid-solid preseparator, the coupler is positioned in the liquid-solid preseparator, one end of the coupler is connected with the motor, the other end of the coupler is connected with the cutter disc, the scraper is arranged on the cutter disc, the air blowing device is positioned at the low end of the inner part of the liquid-solid preseparator, and the filtering device comprises a ceramic filter element, a cleaning slurry oil outlet and a slurry oil outlet. The catalytic cracking slurry oil continuous purifying device and the process have the advantages of low energy consumption, long-time stable continuous operation, convenient operation and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solid-liquid separation, in particular to a catalytic cracking slurry oil continuous purification system and a process.
Background
The catalytic cracking of petroleum refers to the process that petroleum is subjected to cracking reaction under the action of a certain temperature and a catalyst and is converted into products such as cracked gas, gasoline, diesel oil and the like, and catalyst (Al 2SiO4 and the like) is often entrained in slurry oil subjected to catalytic cracking treatment, and in the production, the catalyst impurities are required to be separated from the slurry oil so as to be convenient for entering subsequent operation. The existing common oil slurry catalyst separation methods mainly comprise a natural sedimentation method, a filtration separation method and a centrifugal separation method, wherein: the natural sedimentation method has the advantages of simple equipment, low running cost and easy operation, but the natural sedimentation method has the advantages of large investment, long separation time, high separation temperature, poor separation and purification effects, difficulty in removing catalyst powder smaller than 50 mu m in slurry oil, and incapability of meeting the existing use requirements. The filtering separation method has the advantages of simple operation, less investment, stable separation effect, strong adaptability to raw materials and easy high-temperature separation, but the filtering separation method also has the defects of long flushing time, large filtering resistance and difficult removal of micron-sized catalyst powder, and frequent switching and circulating operation are needed between filters in the filtering device. Centrifugal separation methods include centrifugal sedimentation separation methods and cyclone separation methods, which are greatly affected by process indexes such as temperature in use, and often have fluctuations in separation effect due to changes in process indexes, and are generally used as pretreatment equipment in practice to reduce the load of downstream separation units. The cyclone separation method can well remove catalyst particles with more than 10 mu m in the slurry oil under the conditions of the centrifugal rotation speed of 5000rpm at the temperature of 200 ℃ and the centrifugal operation time of 60s, and can obtain better purifying effect if the temperature, the rotation speed and the centrifugal time are further improved. However, the cyclone separation method requires high-speed operation equipment, is inconvenient to operate and maintain, has low treatment capacity and low production efficiency, and has no industrial application example at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the catalytic cracking slurry oil purification process, the invention discloses a catalytic cracking slurry oil continuous purification system and a catalytic cracking slurry oil continuous purification process, and the catalytic cracking slurry oil continuous purification system and the catalytic cracking slurry oil continuous purification process have the advantages of low energy consumption, long-time stable continuous operation, convenience in operation and the like.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the continuous catalytic cracking slurry oil purifying system comprises a heater, a liquid-solid preseparator, an electrostatic device, a slag scraping device, a gas blowing device, a centrifugal pump, a filtering device, a filter pressing device and a clean slurry oil storage tank, wherein the liquid-solid preseparator comprises a slag outlet, a slurry oil inlet, a slurry oil distribution main pipe, a slurry oil distribution branch pipe, a slurry oil outlet and a stop valve; high-temperature nitrogen is dispersed into micro-nano bubbles through an aeration pipe, then the micro-nano bubbles are introduced into catalytic cracking slurry oil, and charges are applied when the micro-nano bubbles pass through anode bars and cathode plate areas and are adsorbed on the surface of a catalyst in the catalytic cracking slurry oil.
Further, the slag holes are in a plurality and are positioned on the same horizontal plane, and are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the liquid-solid preseparator, and the top of the slag holes and the bottom of the scraper are positioned on the same horizontal plane.
Further, the height of the slurry outlet is 10-30cm lower than the height of the slag hole, the number of the slurry distribution branch pipes is 5-10, the slurry distribution branch pipes are evenly distributed on the slurry distribution main pipe, and the diameter of the slurry distribution branch pipes is 1-5cm.
Furthermore, the aerator pipe is a ceramic membrane or a metal membrane, the pore diameter is 1-10 mu m, the porosity is more than 60%, the ceramic membrane is made of one of silicon carbide, aluminum oxide and zirconium oxide, and the metal membrane is made of stainless steel.
Further, the fillers are glass beads with different diameters, the diameters and the filling proportion of the glass beads are 20% by 10mm diameter, 30% by 5mm diameter, 30% by 3mm diameter and 20% by 2mm diameter.
Further, the filter device is a ceramic cross-flow filter device, the ceramic filter element is of a double-layer structure, the outer layer is a membrane layer, the aperture is 0.5-3 mu m, the thickness is 1-5 mu m, the inner layer is a supporting layer, the aperture is 3-10 mu m, and the thickness is 5-10mm.
Furthermore, the outer walls of the liquid-solid preseparator, the filtering device and the filter pressing device are provided with heating and heat preserving devices.
The process for continuously purifying the catalytic cracking slurry oil by adopting the continuous purifying system for the catalytic cracking slurry oil comprises the following steps:
step one: the catalytic cracking slurry oil enters a slurry oil distribution main pipe from a slurry oil inlet, and enters a liquid-solid pre-separator after being evenly distributed by slurry oil distribution branch pipes;
step two: starting an external high-voltage power supply of the anode rod and the cathode plate, and starting a motor of the slag scraping device;
step three: nitrogen is heated to a certain temperature by a heater and then is introduced into an air-blowing device, and the nitrogen is uniformly distributed into ultrafine bubbles by an aeration pipe and then is introduced into slurry oil;
step four: when the oil slurry level in the liquid-solid pre-separator is higher than the height of the oil slurry outlet, a stop valve, a centrifugal pump and a filter pressing device are opened.
Further, in the first step, the flow rate of the catalytic cracking slurry oil entering the liquid-solid pre-separator from a single slurry oil distribution branch pipe is 0.1-0.5m/s, and the scraper rotating speed of the slag scraping device in the second step is 0.1-2 r/s.
In the third step, the heating temperature of the nitrogen after passing through the heater is 260-300 ℃, the aeration pressure in the aeration pipe is 1-3MPa, and the temperatures in the liquid-solid preseparator, the filtering device and the filter pressing device are all above 200 ℃.
According to the continuous catalytic cracking slurry purification system and process, high-temperature nitrogen is dispersed into micro-nano bubbles through the aeration pipe, then the micro-nano bubbles are introduced into the catalytic cracking slurry, the catalytic cracking slurry is heated uniformly from inside, the viscosity of the catalytic cracking slurry is reduced, the fluidity of the catalytic cracking slurry is increased, the micro-nano bubbles are applied with charges when passing through the anode rod and the cathode plate area, the micro-nano bubbles are adsorbed on the surface of a catalyst in the catalytic cracking slurry, the contact surface of the nano-micro bubbles and the catalyst is increased by the filler, the catalyst is more fully wrapped by the bubbles, the catalyst particles are prevented from agglomerating due to mutual repulsion between the charges of the bubble wrapped catalyst in the slurry due to the fact that the charges on the surface of the bubbles act on the slurry, a large amount of foams wrapping the catalyst are formed, the foams containing the catalyst are discharged through a slag outlet along with the rotation of a scraper, the catalytic cracking slurry with a large amount of the catalyst is removed, the catalyst enters a filter device under the action of a centrifugal pump, the treatment capacity of a ceramic filter element of the filter element is greatly improved, the catalyst is retained on the surface of the ceramic slurry, the catalyst is further filtered by the ceramic filter element, and the catalyst is further filtered by the ceramic filter element.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a catalytic cracking slurry continuous purification system according to the present invention.
The device comprises a 1-heater, a 2-liquid-solid pre-separator, a 3-electrostatic device, a 4-slag scraping device, a 5-air blowing device, a 6-centrifugal pump, a 7-filtering device, an 8-filter pressing device, a 9-clean slurry storage tank, a 201-slag outlet, a 202-slurry inlet, a 203-slurry distribution main pipe, a 204-slurry distribution branch pipe, a 205-slurry outlet, a 206-stop valve, a 301-anode rod, a 302-cathode plate, a 303-filler, a 401-motor, a 402-coupling, a 403-cutterhead, a 404-scraper, a 501-gas distribution main pipe, a 502-gas distribution branch pipe, a 503-aeration pipe, a 701-ceramic filter element, a 702-clean slurry outlet and a 703-slurry outlet.
Description of the embodiments
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless specified and limited otherwise, it is to be noted that the terms "mounted," "connected," and "coupled" are to be construed broadly, and may be mechanical or electrical, or may be in communication with each other between two elements, directly or indirectly via an intervening medium, for example. The specific meaning of the terms described above will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.
As shown in fig. 1, the catalytic cracking slurry continuous purification system comprises a heater 1, a liquid-solid pre-separator 2, an electrostatic device 3, a slag scraping device 4, an air blowing device 5, a centrifugal pump 6, a filtering device 7, a filter pressing device 8 and a cleaning slurry storage tank 9, wherein the outer walls of the liquid-solid pre-separator 2, the filtering device 7 and the filter pressing device 8 are respectively provided with a heating and heat preserving device; the liquid-solid pre-separator 2 comprises a slag hole 201, an oil slurry inlet 202, an oil slurry distribution main pipe 203, an oil slurry distribution branch pipe 204, an oil slurry outlet 205 and a stop valve 206, the electrostatic device 3 is positioned inside the liquid-solid pre-separator 2 and comprises an anode rod 301, a cathode plate 302 and a filler 303, the anode rod 301 and the cathode plate 302 are connected with an external high-voltage power supply, the filler 303 is filled between the anode rod 301 and the cathode plate 302, the filler 303 is glass beads with different diameters, the diameters and the filling proportion of the glass beads are 10mm in diameter to fill 20%, 5mm in diameter to fill 30%, 3mm in diameter to fill 30%, and 2mm in diameter to fill 20%; the slag scraping device 4 comprises a motor 401, a coupler 402, a cutter disc 403 and a scraper 404, wherein the motor 401 is positioned at the top end outside the liquid-solid preseparator 2, the coupler 402 is positioned inside the liquid-solid preseparator 2, one end of the coupler is connected with the motor 401, the other end of the coupler is connected with the cutter disc 403, the scraper 404 is arranged on the cutter disc 403, the air blowing device 5 is positioned at the bottom end inside the liquid-solid preseparator 2, the air blowing device comprises a gas distribution main pipe 501, a gas distribution branch pipe 502 and an aeration pipe 503, the gas distribution main pipe is connected with the heater 1, the gas distribution branch pipe 502 is in a plurality of numbers and is evenly distributed on the gas distribution main pipe 501, the aeration pipe 503 is a tubular film with one sealed end, the other end of the aeration pipe is connected with the gas distribution branch pipe 502, an inlet of the centrifugal pump 6 is connected with the slurry outlet 205, an outlet of the centrifugal pump 6 is connected with the filter device 7, the filter device 7 comprises a ceramic filter element 701, a clean slurry outlet 702 and a slurry outlet 703, the clean slurry outlet 702 is connected with the clean slurry storage tank 9, and the slurry outlet 703 is connected with the filter press 8; the number of slag holes 201 is a plurality, and the slag holes are positioned on the same horizontal plane and are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the liquid-solid preseparator 2, and the top of the slag holes is positioned on the same horizontal plane as the bottom of the scraper 404; the high-temperature nitrogen is dispersed into micro-nano bubbles through the aeration pipe 503 and then introduced into the catalytic cracking slurry oil, and the micro-nano bubbles are applied with charges when passing through the anode rod 301 and cathode plate 302 areas and adsorbed on the surface of the catalyst in the catalytic cracking slurry oil.
In some embodiments, the slurry outlet 205 is 10-30cm higher than the slag hole 201, the number of slurry distribution branch pipes 204 is 5-10, the slurry distribution branch pipes 204 are evenly distributed on the slurry distribution main pipe 203, and the diameter of the slurry distribution branch pipes 204 is 1-5cm.
In some embodiments, the aeration tube 503 is a ceramic membrane or a metal membrane, the pore size is 1-10 μm, the porosity is greater than 60%, the ceramic membrane is one of silicon carbide, aluminum oxide and zirconium oxide, and the metal membrane is made of stainless steel.
In some embodiments, the filter device 7 is a ceramic cross-flow filter device, the ceramic filter element 701 has a double-layer structure, an outer layer is a membrane layer, a pore size of 0.5-3 μm, a thickness of 1-5 μm, an inner layer is a support layer, a pore size of 3-10 μm, and a thickness of 5-10mm.
The process for continuously purifying the catalytic cracking slurry oil by adopting the continuous purifying system for the catalytic cracking slurry oil comprises the following steps:
step one: the catalytic cracking slurry oil enters a slurry oil distribution main pipe 203 from a slurry oil inlet 202, enters a liquid-solid pre-separator 2 after being evenly distributed by slurry oil distribution branch pipes 204, the flow rate of the catalytic cracking slurry oil entering the liquid-solid pre-separator 2 from a single slurry oil distribution branch pipe 204 is 0.1-0.5m/s, and the scraper rotating speed of a slag scraping device 4 in the second step is 0.1-2 r/s;
step two: starting an external high-voltage power supply of the anode rod 301 and the cathode plate 302, and starting a motor 401 of the slag scraping device 4;
step three: nitrogen is heated to a certain temperature by a nitrogen heater 1 and then is introduced into an air-blowing device 5, the nitrogen is uniformly distributed into ultrafine bubbles by an aeration pipe 503 and then is introduced into oil slurry, the heating temperature of the nitrogen after passing through the heater 1 is 260-300 ℃, the aeration pressure in the aeration pipe 503 is 1-3MPa, and the temperatures in the liquid-solid preseparator 2, the filtering device 7 and the filter pressing device 8 are all above 200 ℃. The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the
Step four: when the slurry level in the liquid-solid preseparator 2 is higher than the slurry outlet 205, the stop valve 206, the centrifugal pump 6 and the filter press device 8 are opened.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to the terms "one embodiment," "example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a catalytic cracking slurry oil continuous purification system, which is characterized by comprising a heater (1), liquid-solid preseparator (2), electrostatic device (3), scrape sediment device (4), air-blowing device (5), centrifugal pump (6), filter equipment (7), filter pressing device (8), clean slurry oil storage tank (9), liquid-solid preseparator (2) include slag notch (201), slurry oil entry (202), slurry oil distribution main pipe (203), slurry oil distribution branch pipe (204), slurry oil outlet (205), stop valve (206), electrostatic device (3) are located inside liquid-solid preseparator (2), including anode rod (301), negative plate (302), filler (303), anode rod (301) are connected with negative plate (302) and external high-voltage power supply, filler (303) are the glass bead of different diameters, glass bead diameter and filling proportion are diameter 10mm 20%, diameter 5mm 30%, diameter 3mm diameter 20 mm, diameter 20 mm; the slag scraping device (4) comprises a motor (401), a coupler (402), a cutter head (403) and a scraper (404), wherein the motor (401) is positioned at the outer top end of the liquid-solid preseparator (2), the coupler (402) is positioned inside the liquid-solid preseparator (2), one end of the coupler is connected with the motor (401), the other end of the coupler is connected with the cutter head (403), the scraper (404) is arranged on the cutter head (403), the air blowing device (5) is positioned at the inner bottom end of the liquid-solid preseparator (2), the air blowing device comprises a gas distribution main pipe (501), a gas distribution branch pipe (502) and an aeration pipe (503), the gas distribution main pipe is connected with a heater (1), the number of the gas distribution branch pipes (502) is a plurality, the gas distribution branch pipe (501) is evenly distributed, the aeration pipe (503) is a tubular film with one sealed end, the other end of the aeration pipe is connected with the gas distribution branch pipe (502), an inlet of a centrifugal pump (6) is connected with an oil slurry outlet (205), the centrifugal pump outlet is connected with a filtering device (7), the filtering device (7) comprises a ceramic oil slurry outlet (702), a clean oil slurry outlet (703) and a clean oil slurry outlet (702) is connected with the clean oil slurry outlet (702), the oil residue outlet (703) is connected with the filter pressing device (8); high-temperature nitrogen is dispersed into micro-nano bubbles through an aerator pipe (503) and then introduced into catalytic cracking slurry oil, and the micro-nano bubbles are applied with charges when passing through the anode rod (301) and cathode plate (302) areas and adsorbed on the surface of a catalyst in the catalytic cracking slurry oil.
2. The continuous purifying system for catalytic cracking slurry oil according to claim 1, wherein the number of the slag holes (201) is plural, and the slag holes are positioned on the same horizontal plane, and are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the liquid-solid pre-separator (2), and the top of the slag holes and the bottom of the scraper (404) are positioned on the same horizontal plane.
3. A catalytic cracking slurry continuous purifying system according to claim 1, wherein the slurry outlet (205) is 10-30cm higher than the slag outlet (201), the number of slurry distribution branch pipes (204) is 5-10, the slurry distribution branch pipes are evenly distributed on the slurry distribution main pipe (203), and the diameter of the slurry distribution branch pipes (204) is 1-5cm.
4. The continuous catalytic cracking slurry purification system according to claim 1, wherein the aeration pipe (503) is a ceramic membrane or a metal membrane, the pore diameter is 1-10 μm, the porosity is more than 60%, the ceramic membrane is one of silicon carbide, aluminum oxide and zirconium oxide, and the metal membrane is made of stainless steel.
5. The continuous purifying system for catalytic cracking slurry oil according to claim 1, wherein the filtering device (7) is a ceramic cross-flow filtering device, the ceramic filtering core (701) is of a double-layer structure, the outer layer is a membrane layer, the pore diameter is 0.5-3 μm, the thickness is 1-5 μm, the inner layer is a supporting layer, the pore diameter is 3-10 μm, and the thickness is 5-10mm.
6. The continuous purifying system for catalytic cracking slurry oil according to claim 1, wherein the outer walls of the liquid-solid pre-separator (2), the filtering device (7) and the filter pressing device (8) are respectively provided with a heating and heat preserving device.
7. A process for continuous purification of catalytic cracking slurry oil in a continuous purification system of catalytic cracking slurry oil as claimed in claims 1-5, comprising the steps of:
step one: the catalytic cracking slurry oil enters a slurry oil distribution main pipe (203) from a slurry oil inlet (202), and enters a liquid-solid pre-separator (2) after being evenly distributed by slurry oil distribution branch pipes (204);
step two: starting an external high-voltage power supply of the anode rod (301) and the cathode plate (302), and starting a motor (401) of the slag scraping device (4);
step three: nitrogen is heated to a certain temperature by a heater (1) and then is introduced into an air-blowing device (5), and is evenly distributed into ultrafine bubbles by an aeration pipe (503) and then is introduced into slurry oil;
step four: when the slurry level in the liquid-solid pre-separator (2) is higher than the slurry outlet (205), a stop valve (206), a centrifugal pump (6) and a filter pressing device (8) are opened.
8. The continuous purifying process for catalytic cracking slurry oil according to claim 7, wherein in the first step, the flow rate of the catalytic cracking slurry oil entering the liquid-solid pre-separator (2) from the single slurry oil distribution branch pipe (204) is 0.1-0.5m/s, and the scraper rotation speed of the slag scraping device (4) in the second step is 0.1-2 r/s.
9. The process for continuously purifying catalytic cracking slurry oil according to claim 7, wherein in the third step, the heating temperature of nitrogen after passing through the heater (1) is 260-300 ℃, the aeration pressure in the aeration pipe (503) is 1-3MPa, and the temperatures in the liquid-solid pre-separator (2), the filtering device (7) and the filter pressing device (8) are all above 200 ℃.
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