CN113521466A

CN113521466A - Tracheal catheter

Info

Publication number: CN113521466A
Application number: CN202010321325.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王丽萍; 吴再新
Original assignee: 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA
Current assignee: 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA
Priority date: 2020-04-22
Filing date: 2020-04-22
Publication date: 2021-10-22

Abstract

The invention provides a tracheal catheter which comprises a catheter body, wherein the catheter body is provided with a catheter wall which is enclosed into a gas transmission lumen, a channel which is mutually independent from the gas transmission lumen is arranged in the catheter wall, the peripheral surface of the catheter wall is provided with a plurality of first through holes which are communicated with the channel, and at least two first through holes in the plurality of first through holes are provided with intervals in the circumferential direction and the extending direction of the catheter body. The device can intermittently inject local anesthetic through the medicine injection device, and uniformly coat the peripheral wall of the tracheal catheter and airway mucous membranes contacted with the peripheral wall, so that the airway mucous membranes are continuously subjected to surface anesthesia, and a patient can well tolerate the tracheal catheter placed in the airway to carry out mechanical ventilation.

Description

Tracheal catheter

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of medical equipment, in particular to a tracheal catheter.

Background

The patient of general anesthesia, emergency resuscitation or respiratory failure needs to keep the endotracheal tube in patient's trachea for a long time and carry out mechanical ventilation, because the lateral wall of endotracheal tube produces irritation oppression to trachea, glottis and glottis upper pharynx throat's equal airway mucous membrane, make the patient easily appear dysphoria, severe cough, cranial high pressure and strong cardiovascular reaction in general anesthesia reviving, resuscitation and respiratory failure treatment phase, even cause serious adverse reactions such as larynx, trachea spasm, etc. lead to the patient to can't tolerate endotracheal tube and keep somewhere, the adverse events of medical treatment appear. Generally, local anesthetics are clinically applied through mouth, cricothyroid membrane puncture and tracheal catheter spraying to the throat, glottis and trachea, aiming at surface anesthesia of airway mucosa and enabling patients to endure tracheal catheter retention.

The research shows that the prior operation technology and the tracheal catheter have the following defects:

local anesthetics are sprayed into the throat, glottis and trachea through oral and periungual puncture, so that the wound is created, multiple times of administration are needed, and the wound of a patient is large; when the tracheal catheter is used for spraying local anesthetic into the trachea, the medicine cannot be uniformly smeared on the peripheral wall of the tracheal catheter and airway mucous membranes contacted with the tracheal catheter, and the anesthetic effect is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a tracheal catheter, which can intermittently inject local anesthetic through a medicine injection device, uniformly coat the peripheral wall of the tracheal catheter and airway mucous membrane contacted with the peripheral wall, achieve continuous surface anesthesia of the airway mucous membrane, has good surface anesthesia effect, and enables a patient to well endure the tracheal catheter inserted into the airway for mechanical ventilation.

The embodiment of the invention is realized by the following steps:

an embodiment of the present invention provides an endotracheal tube, including:

the catheter comprises a catheter body and a catheter body, wherein the catheter body is provided with a catheter wall which is enclosed into a gas transmission lumen, a channel which is mutually independent with the gas transmission lumen is arranged inside the catheter wall, a plurality of first through holes which are communicated with the channel are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the catheter wall, and at least two first through holes in the plurality of first through holes are provided with intervals in the circumferential direction and the extending direction of the catheter body.

In an alternative embodiment, the plurality of first through holes are arranged in a spiral shape.

In an alternative embodiment, the plurality of first through holes are arranged about the axis of the catheter body.

In an alternative embodiment, any two through holes do not coincide in the direction of extension of the catheter body.

In an alternative embodiment, the channels are arranged helically in the direction of extension of the catheter body and around the axis of the catheter body.

In an optional embodiment, the endotracheal tube further comprises a drug injection tube, the drug injection tube is connected with the tube body, and one end of the drug injection tube is communicated with the channel.

In an optional embodiment, the endotracheal tube further comprises a drug injection tube, the drug injection tube is inserted into the channel, a plurality of second through holes are formed in the tube wall of the drug injection tube, and the plurality of second through holes are communicated with a drug injection tube cavity of the drug injection tube; the first through holes are in one-to-one correspondence with and communicated with the second through holes.

In an alternative embodiment, the drug injection tube is integrally formed with the endotracheal tube.

In an optional embodiment, the endotracheal tube further comprises an air bag, the air bag is sleeved outside the tube body, and the air bag is provided with an air inlet.

In an alternative embodiment, the endotracheal tube further comprises an inflation tube connected to the cuff, the inflation tube communicating with the air inlet.

The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:

in summary, the present embodiment provides a tracheal catheter, which can assist the patient in breathing and can also inject local anesthetic through the tracheal catheter, so as to reduce the discomfort of the tracheal catheter to the patient, facilitate the patient to put the tolerant tracheal catheter into the ventilator for treatment, and reduce the use of sedative and analgesic drugs. After tracheal catheter puts into patient's trachea, pour into the local anesthetic through the passageway on the catheter body, the local anesthetic can flow in the passageway to enter into air flue mucous membrane department from the first through-hole with the passageway intercommunication, and contact with air flue mucous membrane. Because the quantity of first through-hole is a plurality of, and two at least first through-holes in a plurality of first through-holes all have the interval on the circumference of pipe body and extending direction, this just makes the position distribution of first through-hole more extensive, it is bigger with the area of contact of air flue mucous membrane, the area of contact from first through-hole exhaust local anesthetic and air flue mucous membrane is big, thereby can anaesthetize the air flue mucous membrane simultaneously from a plurality of positions of air flue mucous membrane, the contact of local anesthetic and air flue mucous membrane is more even, anesthesia effect is better.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an endotracheal tube according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a catheter body according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a catheter body of an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a deformed structure of a catheter body according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Icon:

001-endotracheal tube; 100-a catheter body; 110-a gas transmission lumen; 120-tube wall; 130-channel; 131-a first section; 132-a second segment; 140-a first via; 141-first turn; 142-a second turn; 143-third turn; 144-fourth turn; 145-fifth turn; 146-sixth turn; 147-seventh turn; 150-a first joint; 160-main air outlet; 170-side outlet; 200-a medicine injection tube; 210-a second joint; 300-air bag; 310-an air inlet; 400-a gas-filled tube; 410-third joint.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or the orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are conventionally placed in use, and are only used for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like do not imply that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or pendant, but rather may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.

In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Referring to fig. 1, according to the tracheal catheter 001 provided in the present embodiment, anesthetic can be injected into the trachea of the patient while assisting the patient's breathing, so that discomfort of the patient caused by the tracheal catheter 001 is reduced, the local anesthetic injected through the tracheal catheter 001 is uniformly contacted with the mucous membrane of the airway, the local anesthetic can slowly permeate into the mucous membrane tissues of the supraglottic laryngeal part of the pharynx, the supraglottic trachea, and the trachea below the tracheal catheter balloon 300, and the anesthetic effect is good.

Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the endotracheal tube 001 includes a tube body 100, the tube body 100 has a tube wall 120 enclosing to form a gas transmission tube cavity 110, a channel 130 independent from the gas transmission tube cavity 110 is disposed inside the tube wall 120, a plurality of first through holes 140 communicated with the channel 130 are disposed on an outer circumferential surface of the tube wall 120, and at least two first through holes 140 of the plurality of first through holes 140 have a distance in a circumferential direction and an extending direction of the tube body 100.

This embodiment provides a endotracheal tube 001, can also pour into local anesthetic into through endotracheal tube 001 when assisting patient breathing, reduces the uncomfortable sense that endotracheal tube 001 caused to the patient, does benefit to patient's tolerance endotracheal tube and puts into and carry out the breathing machine treatment, reduces calm, the analgesic drug uses. After the tracheal catheter 001 is placed in the trachea of a patient, local anesthetic is injected through the channel 130 on the catheter body 100, can flow in the channel 130, enters the mucous membrane of the airway from the first through hole 140 communicated with the channel 130, and is in contact with the mucous membrane of the airway. Because the quantity of first through-hole 140 is a plurality of, and two at least first through-holes 140 in a plurality of first through-holes 140 all have the interval in the circumference of pipe body 100 and extending direction, this just makes first through-hole 140's position distribution more extensive, it is bigger with the area of contact of air flue mucous membrane, the area of contact from first through-hole 140 exhaust local anesthetic and air flue mucous membrane is big, thereby can anaesthetize the air flue mucous membrane simultaneously from a plurality of positions of air flue mucous membrane, the contact of local anesthetic and air flue mucous membrane is more even, anesthesia effect is better.

It should be noted that the areas where the tracheal tube 001 most significantly stresses the airway mucosa include, for example: the laryngeal part of the pharynx above the glottis in contact with the endotracheal tube 001, the airway mucosa below the glottis (above the balloon 300) in contact with the endotracheal tube 001, the airway mucosa in contact with the endotracheal tube 001 balloon 300, and the airway mucosa below the balloon 300 in contact with the endotracheal tube 001, and therefore, these areas need to be injected with local anesthetic for sufficient surface anesthesia.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in the present embodiment, optionally, a plurality of first through holes 140 are spirally arranged around the axis of the catheter body 100. That is, the plurality of first through holes 140 have not only a spacing in the circumferential direction of the catheter body 100, but also a spacing in the extending direction of the catheter body 100, so that after the endotracheal tube 001 is inserted into a proper position of the trachea of a patient, the plurality of first through holes 140 are uniformly distributed on the surface of the trachea, so that local anesthetic exuded from the plurality of first through holes 140 is uniformly distributed on the airway mucosa in contact with the endotracheal tube 001, and the anesthetic effect on the airway mucosa is good.

Further, any two through holes do not coincide in the extending direction of the catheter body 100. In other words, a plurality of first through-holes 140 are arranged along the circumference interval of catheter body 100 along the orthographic projection of catheter body 100's extending direction on the predetermined plane, the orthographic projection of arbitrary two first through-holes 140 is incomplete coincidence, after setting up like this, a plurality of first through-holes 140 are evenly distributed in tracheal circumference, make the area of coincidence in the anesthesia region of arbitrary two first through-holes 140 little, the condition of repeated anesthesia many times can not appear, thereby make local anesthetic more even with the contact of air flue mucous membrane, improve the anesthesia effect greatly.

It should be noted that the plurality of first through holes 140 are spirally arranged, and the number of turns of the plurality of first through holes 140 around the catheter body 100 is set as required. In this embodiment, optionally, the spiral structure formed by the plurality of first through holes 140 includes a plurality of turns, and optionally, the spiral structure formed by the plurality of first through holes 140 includes 5 to 7 turns, and a start point and an end point of each turn are connected by an orthographic projection of the guide tube body 100 on a preset plane along the extending direction, that is, the orthographic projection of each turn is a circle.

Alternatively, the helical structure formed by the plurality of first through holes 140 includes 5 turns, 6 turns, or 7 turns, and in this embodiment, the helical structure formed by the plurality of first through holes 140 includes 7 turns as an example for description.

Referring to fig. 2, from the tail end to the front end of the catheter body 100, there are a first loop 141, a second loop 142, a third loop 143, a fourth loop 144, a fifth loop 145, a sixth loop 146 and a seventh loop 147. The distance a between the starting point and the end point of the first loop 141 in the extending direction of the catheter body 100 is 1.0cm-2.5cm, and the distance a may be 1.0cm, 2.0cm, 2.5cm, or the like; the distance B between the starting point and the end point of the second loop 142 in the extending direction of the catheter body 100 is 1.0cm-2.5cm, and the distance B can be 1.0cm, 2.0cm or 2.5cm, etc.; the distance C between the starting point and the end point of the third loop 143 in the extending direction of the catheter body 100 is 1.0cm-2.5cm, and the distance C can be 1.0cm, 2.0cm or 2.5cm, etc.; the distance D between the starting point and the end point of the fourth loop 144 in the extending direction of the catheter body 100 is 1.0cm-2.5cm, and the distance D may be 1.0cm, 2.0cm, 2.5cm, etc.; the distance E between the starting point and the end point of the fifth loop 145 in the extending direction of the catheter body 100 is 0.1cm to 0.5cm, and the distance E may be 0.1cm, 0.3cm, 0.5cm, or the like; the distance F between the starting point and the end point of the sixth turn 146 in the extending direction of the catheter body 100 is 0.5cm-4.0cm, and the distance F may be 0.5cm, 2cm or 4.0cm, etc.; the distance G between the start point and the end point of the seventh turn 147 in the extending direction of the catheter body 100 is 0.1cm to 0.5cm, and the distance G may be 0.1cm, 0.3cm, 0.5cm, or the like. It should be noted that, in the direction from the tail end to the front end of the catheter body 100, the end point of the previous turn is the starting point of the next turn. With such an arrangement, the area covered by the first through holes 140 on the first ring 141 to the fourth ring 144 corresponds to the airway mucosa contacted by the endotracheal tube 001 on the glottis and under the glottis, the area covered by the first through holes 140 on the fifth ring 145 corresponds to the airway mucosa contacted above the air bag 300, and the area covered by the first through holes 140 on the seventh ring 147 corresponds to the airway mucosa contacted below the air bag 300, so that the local anesthesia device can be applied to patients of different ages, heights and body types.

Optionally, in the extending direction of the catheter body 100, any two first through holes 140 of the plurality of first through holes 140 located on two adjacent circles do not coincide. Or, in the spiral structure formed by the arrangement of the plurality of first through holes 140, the arrangement manner of the first through holes 140 located on the odd-numbered circles is the same, the arrangement manner of the first through holes 140 located on the even-numbered circles is the same, and the arrangement manner of the first through holes 140 located on the odd-numbered circles is different from the arrangement manner of the first through holes 140 located on the even-numbered circles. For example, the position of the first through hole 140 of the first ring 141 closest to the tail end of the catheter body 100 is 0 °. The first through holes 140 on the first ring 141 are distributed at 90 °, 180 °, 270 ° and 360 ° positions; the first through holes 140 on the second turn 142 are distributed at 45 °, 135 °, 225 ° and 315 ° positions; the first through holes 140 on the third turn 143 are distributed at 90 °, 180 °, 270 °, 360 °, and so on.

Obviously, the number of the first through holes 140 is set as required, and the number of the first through holes 140 on each turn is set as required. In this embodiment, optionally, the number of the first through holes 140 is 16 to 24, for example, the number of the first through holes 140 is 16, 20, or 24.

In this embodiment, the channel 130 disposed within the wall 120 of the catheter body 100 may alternatively be helical extending around the axis of the catheter body 100. The spiral shape of the channel 130 may be identical to the spiral shape formed by the first through holes 140, so that the first through holes 140 are directly disposed on the catheter body 100 and are communicated with the channel 130.

Referring to fig. 4, in another embodiment, the channel 130 may further include a multi-stage structure, a plurality of first stages 131 are arranged at intervals in the extending direction of the catheter body 100, adjacent first stages 131 are communicated through second stages 132, and the catheter body 100 is provided with a first through hole 140 communicated with the first stages 131 and the second stages 132. Obviously, the positions and the number of the first through holes 140 may be set as required.

Optionally, the front end of the catheter body 100 is further provided with a main air outlet 160 and a side air outlet 170; the catheter body 100 is provided at the rear end thereof with a first connector 150, and the first connector 150 is used for connecting with a gas supply device.

Referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the endotracheal tube 001 further includes a drug injection tube 200 and an air bag 300. The drug injection tube 200 is connected to the catheter body 100, and one end of the drug injection tube 200 is communicated with the channel 130 on the catheter body 100, that is, the drug injection lumen of the drug injection tube 200 is communicated with the channel 130, and the drug injection tube 200 is used for injecting the local anesthetic into the channel 130 and discharging the local anesthetic from the plurality of first through holes 140. The other end of the drug injection tube 200 is provided with a second connector 210 for connecting with a drug injection device.

In this embodiment, optionally, the inner diameter of the drug injection lumen of the drug injection tube 200 is equal to the inner diameter of the channel 130. Optionally, the inner diameter of the channel 130 is 0.3mm to 1.3mm, for example, the inner diameter of the channel 130 is 0.3mm, 0.8mm, and 1.3 mm.

In other embodiments, a plurality of second through holes (not shown) are formed in the injection tube 200, the injection tube 200 is directly inserted into the channel 130, and the length of the injection tube 200 inserted into the channel 130 may be equal to the length of the channel 130. The plurality of second through holes of the drug injection tube 200 correspond to and communicate with the plurality of first through holes 140 of the catheter body 100 one by one. Connect the injection device at the one end of medicine injection pipe 200 far away from pipe body 100, the injection device injects the local anesthesia medicine into medicine injection pipe 200, discharges from the first through-hole 140 that corresponds behind the second through-hole to contact the air flue mucous membrane.

Optionally, the inner diameter of the syringe 200 is 0.3mm to 1.3mm, for example, the inner diameter of the syringe 200 is 0.3mm, 0.8mm and 1.3 mm. The inner diameter of the passage 130 is not particularly limited herein.

It should be noted that the drug injection tube 200 and the channel 130 can be integrally formed, and have a firm and reliable structure and a long service life.

Optionally, the inner diameter of the first through hole 140 is equal to the inner diameter of the second through hole, and the inner diameter of the first through hole 140 or the second through hole is 30 μm to 130 μm, for example, the inner diameter of the first through hole 140 or the second through hole is 30 μm, 80 μm, or 130 μm.

In this embodiment, optionally, the balloon 300 is sleeved outside the catheter body 100, and the balloon 300 is hermetically connected with the catheter body 100.

Further, an air inlet 310 is arranged on the air bag 300, an inflation tube 400 is communicated with the air inlet 310, and the air bag 300 is inflated by the inflation tube 400. After the tracheal catheter 001 is inserted into a proper position in the trachea of a patient, the air bag 300 is inflated to expand the air bag 300, so that the air bag 300 and the trachea wall are sealed, and air input from the tracheal catheter 001 is prevented from leaking between the tracheal catheter 001 and the trachea wall.

In this embodiment, one end of the inflation tube 400 is communicated with the balloon 300, and the inflation tube 400 is not disposed inside the tube wall 120 of the catheter body 100, and is not likely to interfere with the channel 130 disposed inside the tube wall 120 and the first through hole 140 outside the tube wall 120. The other end of the air tube 400 is provided with a third connector 410 for connection with an inflator.

It should be understood that the local anesthetic is not injected into the balloon 300, and thus the first through-hole 140 is not formed in the catheter body 100 at the position of the balloon 300. I.e. no first through hole 140 is provided in the sixth turn 146. The tracheal wall corresponding to the position of the balloon 300 is covered by the local anesthetic seeped from the first through hole 140 on the fifth circle 145 and the seventh circle 147 to realize local anesthesia.

In this embodiment, the front end of the endotracheal tube 001 refers to the end that contacts the patient during the operation, and the rear end of the endotracheal tube 001 refers to the end that is close to the medical staff during the operation. Further, it is sufficient that the parts of the endotracheal tube 001 such as the leading and trailing ends of the tube body 100 correspond to the leading and trailing ends of the endotracheal tube 001.

Endotracheal tube 001 that this embodiment provided, in the operation process, utilize the injection device to pour into local anesthetic into to injection pipe 200, can make the outer wall that the pipe body 100 was evenly paintd to local anesthetic, and permeate to the air flue mucous membrane, can relapse the surface anesthesia effect that the injection kept the air flue mucous membrane, for intratracheal injection provides a convenient way, the adverse reaction when slowing down endotracheal tube 001 and keeping somewhere, make the patient more can tolerate endotracheal tube 001, increase patient's comfort, reduce medical staff's the work degree of difficulty, alleviate medical staff's intensity of labour.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An endotracheal tube, comprising:

the catheter comprises a catheter body, wherein the catheter body is provided with a catheter wall which is enclosed into a gas transmission lumen, a channel which is mutually independent with the gas transmission lumen is arranged inside the catheter wall, a plurality of first through holes which are communicated with the channel are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the catheter wall, and at least two of the first through holes are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction and the extending direction of the catheter body.

2. The endotracheal tube according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the plurality of first through holes are arranged in a spiral shape.

3. The endotracheal tube according to claim 2, characterized in that:

the plurality of first through holes are arranged around an axis of the catheter body.

4. The endotracheal tube according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that:

in the extending direction of the conduit body, any two through holes are not overlapped.

5. The endotracheal tube according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the channels are arranged helically in the direction of extension of the catheter body and around the axis of the catheter body.

6. The endotracheal tube according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the tracheal catheter further comprises a drug injection tube, the drug injection tube is connected with the catheter body, and one end of the drug injection tube is communicated with the channel.

7. The endotracheal tube according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the tracheal catheter also comprises a drug injection tube, the drug injection tube is inserted in the channel, the tube wall of the drug injection tube is provided with a plurality of second through holes, and the second through holes are communicated with a drug injection tube cavity of the drug injection tube; the first through holes are in one-to-one correspondence with and communicated with the second through holes.

8. The endotracheal tube according to claim 7, characterized in that:

the medicine injection pipe and the tracheal catheter are integrally formed.

9. The endotracheal tube according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the tracheal catheter further comprises an air bag, wherein the air bag is sleeved outside the catheter body and is provided with an air inlet.

10. The endotracheal tube according to claim 9, characterized in that:

the tracheal catheter further comprises an inflation tube, the inflation tube is connected with the air bag, and the inflation tube is communicated with the air inlet.