CN113520515B

CN113520515B - Drill bit of skull drill

Info

Publication number: CN113520515B
Application number: CN202110825207.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王学建; 汪志峰
Original assignee: Nantong First Peoples Hospital
Current assignee: Nantong First Peoples Hospital
Priority date: 2021-07-21
Filing date: 2021-07-21
Publication date: 2022-09-23
Anticipated expiration: 2041-07-21
Also published as: CN113520515A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of skull drills, and particularly relates to a skull drill bit which comprises a sleeve, wherein one end of the sleeve is fixedly connected with a connecting shaft, the other end of the sleeve is connected with a drill bit in a sliding and inserting mode, a movable rod penetrates through and is inserted in the circle center of the drill bit in a sliding mode, one end, located outside the sleeve, of the movable rod is rotatably connected with a silica gel block, the other end of the movable rod is connected with a limiting rod in a sliding and inserting mode, the limiting rod is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the sleeve, and a first spring is sleeved on the limiting rod. According to the invention, the locking device is arranged, when the skull is drilled, the movable rod extends out of the drill bit under the action of the first spring, the limiting block is pulled by the push rod to enter the movable rod again, so that the drill bit is not locked by the limiting block any more, and the drill bit is driven by the pushing device to retract towards the inside of the sleeve, so that the drill bit is prevented from continuously drilling the skull of the patient, the brain tunica of the patient is protected from being damaged by the drill bit, and the occurrence rate of epilepsy after the operation of the patient is reduced.

Description

Drill bit of skull drill

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of skull drills, and particularly relates to a skull drill bit.

Background

A skull drill is a medical instrument used for perforating the skull of a patient in neurosurgery, when in use, a drill bit of the skull drill is aligned to the skull of the patient, and the operation of perforating on the skull can be realized by rotating a handle.

When drilling, because different patients ' skull thickness is inequality, consequently the drilling depth of accurate control drill bit, simultaneously because the drill bit is sharp, when the drill bit bored into too deeply, patient's cerebral pia will be stabbed by the drill bit, and then lead to the tissue under the cerebral pia to bleed, if do not in time handle or handle badly, can increase patient's postoperative epilepsia incidence.

Therefore, it is necessary to invent a drill bit for skull drill to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a drill for skull drill to solve the problems set forth in the background art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a skull drill bit, includes the sleeve pipe, sheathed tube one end has linked firmly the connecting axle, and the sheathed tube other end slides and pegs graft there is the drill bit, the centre of a circle department of drill bit slides and runs through the grafting and has had the movable rod, the one end that the movable rod is located the sleeve pipe outside rotates and is connected with the silica gel piece, and the other end of movable rod slides and pegs graft there is the gag lever post, the gag lever post links firmly with the intraductal wall of sleeve, and has cup jointed first spring on the gag lever post, the inside that the movable rod is close to gag lever post one end is equipped with locking device, be equipped with a plurality of thrust unit around the drill bit.

Furthermore, locking device includes the push rod, the push rod slides and pegs graft inside the movable rod, the push rod is kept away from and is connected with the second spring between the one end of gag lever post and the movable rod inside, and the push rod all articulates with the connecting rod near the top and the bottom of this end, the free end of connecting rod articulates there is the stopper, the free end of stopper slides to run through pegs graft on the surface of movable rod.

Further, thrust unit includes the telescopic link, the one end of telescopic link links firmly with the inner wall that the sleeve pipe is close to drill bit one end, and the other end of telescopic link has linked firmly the fixed plate, the fixed plate links firmly with the drill bit, and the fixed plate free end corresponds the spacing groove has been seted up to the annular on the intraductal wall of sleeve, the third spring has been cup jointed on the telescopic link, one side that the telescopic link was kept away from to the fixed plate has linked firmly the depression bar, the one end that the fixed plate was kept away from to the depression bar slides and runs through the one end that is close to the connecting axle at the sleeve pipe, and is a plurality of this end of depression bar links firmly has same clamp plate, and the clamp plate slides and cup joints on the connecting axle.

Further, the one end that the drill bit is located the cover outside of tubes is equipped with fixing device, fixing device includes solid fixed ring, gu one side that fixed ring is close to the drill bit has linked firmly a plurality of locating levers, and is a plurality of it has cup jointed two holding rings to slide jointly on the locating lever, the holding ring rotates and cup joints on the sleeve pipe, cup jointed fourth spring and the lantern ring on the locating lever, the fourth spring and the lantern ring all are located between two holding rings, and the lantern ring is closer to solid fixed ring than the fourth spring, and the lantern ring links firmly with the locating lever.

Further, the inboard slope of solid fixed ring has linked firmly a plurality of scrapers, and is a plurality of the scraper blade is about solid fixed ring's centre of a circle rotational symmetry, and the brush hair is installed to the free end of scraper blade, the brush hair can laminate with the drill bit surface.

Furthermore, one side of the fixing ring, which is far away from the positioning rod, is fixedly connected with an anti-skid pad, and the surface of the anti-skid pad is fixedly connected with a plurality of anti-skid bulges.

Furthermore, the free end of the silica gel block is fixedly connected with an elastic bulge, the silica gel block at the position corresponding to the elastic bulge is provided with an accommodating groove, and the elastic bulge is matched with the accommodating groove.

Furthermore, the sum of the lengths of the limiting groove and the silica gel block is equal to the distance from the free end of the silica gel block to the free end of the drill bit in a natural state.

Furthermore, the distance between the limiting rod and the push rod is equal to the length of the silica gel block, and the length is equal to the maximum change of the projection length of the connecting rod along the vertical direction.

The invention has the technical effects and advantages that:

1. according to the invention, the locking device is arranged, when the skull of a patient is drilled, the movable rod extends out of the drill bit under the action of the first spring, and the limiting block is pulled by the push rod to enter the movable rod again, so that the drill bit is not locked by the limiting block any more, and the drill bit is driven by the pushing device to retract into the casing, so that the drill bit is prevented from continuously drilling the skull of the patient, the brain tunica of the patient is protected from being damaged by the drill bit, and the occurrence rate of epilepsy after the operation of the patient is reduced;

2. according to the invention, the fixing ring is tightly attached to the skull of a patient during drilling by the aid of the fixing device, when the drill bit drills, the fixing ring can keep a relatively stable state with the skull of the patient due to the cooperation of the anti-slip pad and the anti-slip bulge, the positioning ring starts to rotate relative to the sleeve, the fourth spring starts to contract along with the increase of the drilling depth, and the reaction force of the fourth spring on the fixing ring is gradually increased, so that the drill bit can always keep a stable drilling state during drilling, and the drilling stability is improved;

3. according to the drill bit, the bristles are arranged, so that the bristles at the free end of the scraper can brush the surface of the drill bit in the drilling process of the drill bit, bone fragments attached to the surface of the drill bit are brushed off from the drill bit, and therefore, when the drill bit returns to the original position, part of the bone fragments enter the sleeve along with the drill bit;

4. according to the invention, the elastic bulge is arranged, when the elastic bulge is in contact with the skull of a patient, the elastic bulge can be sunken into the accommodating groove due to extrusion, along with the continuous drilling of the drill bit, when the skull of the patient is drilled through, the elastic bulge can be popped out from the accommodating groove under the action of the elastic force of the elastic bulge, when the silica gel block is pushed by the movable rod to be in contact with the brain pia of the patient, the elastic bulge can be firstly in contact with the brain pia of the patient, at the moment, the elastic bulge can be contracted into the accommodating groove again due to extrusion, so that the purpose of slowing down the impact of the silica gel block on the brain pia of the patient is achieved, and the brain pia of the patient is protected from being damaged.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a main sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 1 according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of portion B of FIG. 1 according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the portion C of FIG. 1 according to the present invention;

fig. 5 is a side view of the retaining ring of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a sleeve; 2. a connecting shaft; 3. a drill bit; 4. a movable rod; 5. a silica gel block; 6. a limiting rod; 7. a first spring; 8. a locking device; 81. a push rod; 82. a second spring; 83. a connecting rod; 84. a limiting block; 9. a pushing device; 91. a telescopic rod; 92. a fixing plate; 93. a limiting groove; 94. a third spring; 95. a pressure lever; 96. pressing a plate; 10. a fixing device; 101. a fixing ring; 102. positioning a rod; 103. a positioning ring; 104. a fourth spring; 11. a squeegee; 12. brushing; 13. a non-slip mat; 14. and (4) elastic bulges.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention provides a skull drill bit as shown in figures 1-5, which comprises a sleeve 1, wherein one end of the sleeve 1 is fixedly connected with a connecting shaft 2, the other end of the sleeve 1 is inserted with a drill bit 3 in a sliding manner, the circle center of the drill bit 3 is inserted with a movable rod 4 in a sliding manner, one end of the movable rod 4, which is positioned outside the sleeve 1, is rotatably connected with a silica gel block 5, the other end of the movable rod 4 is inserted with a limiting rod 6 in a sliding manner, the limiting rod 6 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the sleeve 1, a first spring 7 is sleeved on the limiting rod 6, a locking device 8 is arranged inside one end of the movable rod 4, which is close to the limiting rod 6, and a plurality of pushing devices 9 are arranged around the drill bit 3;

when the hand drill is used, the hand drill and the drill bit are connected together through the connecting shaft 2, then the drill bit 3 extends out of the sleeve 1 by pressing the pushing device 9, after the drill bit 3 extends out for a certain length, the silica gel block 5 is in contact with and extrudes the skull of a patient, when the silica gel block 5 is flush with the drill bit 3, the drill bit 3 is locked at the current position under the action of the locking device 8, at the moment, the skull of the patient can be drilled, when the skull of the patient is drilled, the movable rod 4 is ejected out of the drill bit 3 under the action of the first spring 7, at the moment, the locking device 8 does not lock the drill bit 3 any more, therefore, the drill bit 3 retracts a distance into the sleeve 1 under the action of the pushing device 9, the drill bit 3 is prevented from continuously drilling the skull of the patient, and the brain tunica of the patient is protected from being damaged by the drill bit 3.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the locking device 8 includes a push rod 81, the push rod 81 is inserted into the movable rod 4 in a sliding manner, a second spring 82 is connected between one end of the push rod 81, which is far away from the limiting rod 6, and the inside of the movable rod 4, a connecting rod 83 is hinged to the top and the bottom of the push rod 81, which are close to the end, a limiting block 84 is hinged to the free end of the connecting rod 83, the free end of the limiting block 84 is inserted into the surface of the movable rod 4 in a sliding manner, the distance between the limiting rod 6 and the push rod 81 is equal to the length of the silica gel block 5, and the length is equal to the maximum change of the projection length of the connecting rod 83 in the vertical direction;

when the drill bit 3 is pushed by the pushing device 9 to be flush with the free end of the movable rod 4, the movable rod 4 is enabled to extrude the skull of a patient, the movable rod 4 starts to compress the first spring 7 due to the reaction force of the skull, when the push rod 81 is contacted with the limiting rod 6, the limiting block 84 is flush with one end of the drill bit 3, which is positioned in the sleeve 1, the push rod 81 starts to compress the second spring 82 due to the extrusion of the limiting rod 6, the limiting block 84 gradually extends out of the movable rod 4 under the combined action of the connecting rod 83 and the push rod 81 along with the continuous movement of the movable rod 4, when the push rod 81 stops moving, the drill bit 3 is locked at the current position under the action of the limiting block 84, the skull of the patient can be drilled, when the skull of the patient is drilled, the movable rod 4 extends out of the drill bit 3 due to the action of the first spring 7, and the push rod 81 restores to the original position under the action of the second spring 82, in the process, the limiting block 84 enters the movable rod 4 again under the pulling of the push rod 81, so that the drill bit 3 is not locked by the limiting block 84 any more, and the drill bit 3 is driven by the pushing device 9 to retract into the sleeve 1, so that the drill bit 3 is prevented from continuing to drill the skull of the patient, the brain perichondrium of the patient is protected from being damaged by the drill bit 3, and the occurrence rate of epilepsy after the operation of the patient is reduced.

As shown in fig. 1, the pushing device 9 includes a telescopic rod 91, one end of the telescopic rod 91 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the casing 1 near one end of the drill bit 3, the other end of the telescopic rod 91 is fixedly connected to a fixing plate 92, the fixing plate 92 is fixedly connected to the drill bit 3, a limiting groove 93 is annularly formed in the inner wall of the casing 1 corresponding to the free end of the fixing plate 92, the sum of the lengths of the limiting groove 93 and the silica gel block 5 is equal to the distance from the free end of the silica gel block 5 to the free end of the drill bit 3 in a natural state, a third spring 94 is sleeved on the telescopic rod 91, a pressing rod 95 is fixedly connected to one side of the fixing plate 92 far from the telescopic rod 91, one end of the pressing rod 95 far from the fixing plate 92 slidably penetrates one end of the casing 1 near the connecting shaft 2, the ends of the pressing rods 95 are fixedly connected to the same pressing plate 96, and the pressing plate 96 is slidably sleeved on the connecting shaft 2;

during drilling, firstly, the pressing plate 96 is pressed, the fixing plate 92 compresses the telescopic rod 91 and the third spring 94 under the action of pressure, the fixing plate 92 begins to slide along the limiting groove 93 at the moment, the drill bit 3 gradually moves out of the sleeve 1 under the driving of the fixing plate 92, and when the fixing plate 92 and the limiting groove 93 are in contact with the groove wall on one side of the connecting shaft 2, the free end of the drill bit 3 is just flush with the end, outside the sleeve 1, of the movable rod 4, so that the skull of a patient can be conveniently drilled.

As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 5, a fixing device 10 is arranged at one end of the drill bit 3 located outside the casing 1, the fixing device 10 includes a fixing ring 101, one side of the fixing ring 101 away from the positioning rod 102 is fixedly connected with a non-slip mat 13, the surface of the non-slip mat 13 is fixedly connected with a plurality of non-slip protrusions, one side of the fixing ring 101 close to the drill bit 3 is fixedly connected with a plurality of positioning rods 102, two positioning rings 103 are jointly slidably sleeved on the plurality of positioning rods 102, the positioning rings 103 are rotatably sleeved on the casing 1, a fourth spring 104 and a collar are sleeved on the positioning rods 102, the fourth spring 104 and the collar are both located between the two positioning rings 103, the collar is closer to the fixing ring 101 than the fourth spring 104, and the collar is fixedly connected with the positioning rods 102;

when drilling, paste solid fixed ring 101 and patient's skull, when drill bit 3 drills, because slipmat 13 and non-slip raised's mating reaction, make solid fixed ring 101 can keep relative stable state with patient's skull, and holding ring 103 then relative sleeve pipe 1 begins to rotate, along with the increase of drilling depth, fourth spring 104 begins the shrink, fourth spring 104 is to solid fixed ring 101's reaction force crescent this moment, thereby make drill bit 3 at the in-process of drilling, can remain stable drilling state throughout, the stability of drilling has been improved.

As shown in fig. 1, 4 and 5, a plurality of scrapers 11 are obliquely and fixedly connected to the inner side of the fixing ring 101, the plurality of scrapers 11 are rotationally symmetric about the center of the fixing ring 101, and bristles 12 are mounted at the free ends of the scrapers 11, and the bristles 12 can be attached to the surface of the drill bit 3;

in the process of drilling by the drill bit 3, the brush 12 at the free end of the scraper 11 can brush the surface of the drill bit 3, so that bone fragments attached to the surface of the drill bit 3 are brushed off from the drill bit 3, and further, when the drill bit 3 is restored to the original position, part of the bone fragments enter the sleeve 1 along with the drill bit 3.

As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the free end of the silicone block 5 is fixedly connected with an elastic protrusion 14, a receiving groove is formed on the silicone block 5 at a position corresponding to the elastic protrusion 14, and the elastic protrusion 14 is matched with the receiving groove;

when elastic bulge 14 and patient's skull contact, elastic bulge 14 can be sunken to accomodating the inslot owing to the extrusion, along with the continuous brill of drill bit 3 moves, after patient's skull is bored, elastic bulge 14 pops out from accomodating the inslot under the effect of self elasticity, in-process when silica gel block 5 under the promotion of movable rod 4 with patient's brain pia contact, elastic bulge 14 can contact with patient's brain pia earlier, elastic bulge 14 can contract to accomodating the inslot again owing to the extrusion this moment, thereby reach the purpose that slows down silica gel block 5 and assault patient's brain pia, and then protection patient's brain pia is not impaired.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cranial drill bit comprising a cannula (1), characterized in that: one end of the sleeve (1) is fixedly connected with a connecting shaft (2), the other end of the sleeve (1) is inserted with a drill bit (3) in a sliding manner, the circle center of the drill bit (3) is inserted with a movable rod (4) in a sliding manner, one end, located outside the sleeve (1), of the movable rod (4) is connected with a silica gel block (5) in a rotating manner, the other end of the movable rod (4) is inserted with a limiting rod (6) in a sliding manner, the limiting rod (6) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the sleeve (1), a first spring (7) is sleeved on the limiting rod (6), a locking device (8) is arranged inside one end, close to the limiting rod (6), of the movable rod (4), and a plurality of pushing devices (9) are arranged around the drill bit (3);

locking device (8) include push rod (81), push rod (81) slide and peg graft inside movable rod (4), push rod (81) are kept away from the one end of gag lever post (6) and are connected with second spring (82) between movable rod (4) inside, and push rod (81) are close to the top and the bottom of this end and all articulate connecting rod (83), the free end of connecting rod (83) articulates there is stopper (84), the free end of stopper (84) slides and runs through the surface of pegging graft at movable rod (4).

2. A cranial drill bit according to claim 1, wherein: thrust unit (9) include telescopic link (91), the one end of telescopic link (91) links firmly with the inner wall that sleeve pipe (1) is close to drill bit (3) one end, and the other end of telescopic link (91) has linked firmly fixed plate (92), fixed plate (92) link firmly with drill bit (3), and fixed plate (92) free end corresponds spacing groove (93) have been seted up to the annular on sleeve pipe (1) inner wall, third spring (94) have been cup jointed on telescopic link (91), one side that telescopic link (91) were kept away from in fixed plate (92) has linked firmly depression bar (95), the one end that fixed plate (92) were kept away from in depression bar (95) slides and runs through the one end that is close to connecting axle (2) in sleeve pipe (1), and is a plurality of this end of depression bar (95) links firmly same clamp plate (96), and clamp plate (96) slide and cup joint on connecting axle (2).

3. A cranial drill bit according to claim 1, wherein: drill bit (3) are located the outer one end of sleeve pipe (1) and are equipped with fixing device (10), fixing device (10) are including solid fixed ring (101), gu fixed ring (101) have linked firmly a plurality of locating levers (102) near one side of drill bit (3), it is a plurality of two holding rings (103) have been cup jointed in the joint slip on locating lever (102), holding ring (103) rotate cup joint on sleeve pipe (1), fourth spring (104) and the lantern ring have been cup jointed on locating lever (102), fourth spring (104) and the lantern ring all are located between two holding rings (103), and the lantern ring is closer to solid fixed ring (101) than fourth spring (104), and the lantern ring links firmly with locating lever (102).

4. A cranial drill bit according to claim 3, wherein: the inboard slope of solid fixed ring (101) has linked firmly a plurality of scraper blades (11), and is a plurality of scraper blade (11) are about the centre of a circle rotational symmetry of solid fixed ring (101), and brush hair (12) are installed to the free end of scraper blade (11), brush hair (12) can laminate with drill bit (3) surface.

5. A cranial drill bit according to claim 3, wherein: one side of the fixing ring (101) far away from the positioning rod (102) is fixedly connected with an anti-skid pad (13), and the surface of the anti-skid pad (13) is fixedly connected with a plurality of anti-skid bulges.

6. A cranial drill bit according to claim 1, wherein: the free end of silica gel piece (5) links firmly has elastic bulge (14), and elastic bulge (14) correspond the position seted up on silica gel piece (5) and accomodate the groove, and elastic bulge (14) and accomodate the groove phase-match.

7. A cranial drill bit according to claim 2, wherein: the sum of the lengths of the limiting groove (93) and the silica gel block (5) is equal to the distance from the free end of the silica gel block (5) to the free end of the drill bit (3) in a natural state.

8. A cranial drill bit according to claim 7, wherein: the distance between the limiting rod (6) and the push rod (81) is equal to the length of the silica gel block (5), and the length is equal to the maximum change of the projection length of the connecting rod (83) along the vertical direction.