CN113517705A - SVC weak alternating current wind power system subsynchronous oscillation suppression method based on linear active disturbance rejection control - Google Patents
SVC weak alternating current wind power system subsynchronous oscillation suppression method based on linear active disturbance rejection control Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
- H02J3/16—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by adjustment of reactive power
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
- H02J3/1821—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators
- H02J3/1835—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepless control
- H02J3/1864—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepless control wherein the stepless control of reactive power is obtained by at least one reactive element connected in series with a semiconductor switch
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/10—Flexible AC transmission systems [FACTS]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
Abstract
The invention discloses a linear active disturbance rejection control-based SVC weak alternating current wind power system subsynchronous oscillation suppression method in the technical field of new energy. Aiming at the problem of subsynchronous oscillation caused by a static var compensator in a weak alternating current wind power system, the voltage PI control module of the static var compensator is replaced by the linear active disturbance rejection controller by utilizing the advantages of strong anti-interference capability and strong adaptability to different working conditions, the voltage PI control module of the static var compensator is improved, the SVC regulation performance is improved, the contradiction between response speed and overshoot is overcome, all uncertain factors acting on a controlled object are attributed to unknown disturbance, and the unknown disturbance is estimated and compensated in real time by input and output data of the controlled object, so that in the process of eliminating errors and realizing a control target, the influence of various uncertain external disturbance effects can be counteracted by applying control force, the stability and robustness of the system are improved, and the subsynchronous oscillation phenomenon is suppressed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy, and particularly relates to a linear active disturbance rejection control-based SVC weak alternating current wind power system subsynchronous oscillation suppression method.
Background
With the continuous development of world economy, the problems of energy shortage, environmental pollution and the like become more severe, and all countries begin to optimize energy structures and vigorously develop renewable energy. The wind energy resources in China are rich, the wind power industry is rapidly developed, the construction of a wind power plant is rapid, the wind power plant is gradually developed to a large-scale and long-distance power transmission mode, and the stability problem of a wind power delivery system begins to be highlighted.
Aiming at a long-distance double-fed wind power plant grid-connected system, the supporting effect of an alternating current power grid on the grid-connected point voltage of a wind power plant is reduced, and a sub-synchronous oscillation accident of the wind power plant grid-connected system is easily induced under the condition of the weak power grid. On the other hand, parallel reactive power compensation devices such as static reactive power compensators and the like are widely adopted in wind power plants to improve the line transmission capacity and enhance the transient stability of the system, however, researches find that the phenomenon of voltage abnormal oscillation caused by the reactive power compensation devices put into a large-scale wind power plant grid-connected system occurs sometimes, the subsynchronous oscillation phenomenon of the system can be caused or aggravated by the quick response capability or the unreasonable control mode of the system, and serious challenges are brought to the safe and stable operation of a power grid, so that a reasonably designed SVC control method is urgently needed to improve the stability of the wind power grid-connected system. The research considers the subsynchronous oscillation suppression measure of the weak alternating current wind power system of the static reactive compensator, and has important practical significance for safe and stable operation of the wind power plant.
At present, the SVC control is mainly based on a PI controller, however, a group of fixed PI parameters have different SVC output adjusting effects under different working conditions, and the requirements of the large-scale wind power plant on high-precision control under various working conditions from light load to full load cannot be met. When the system is obviously disturbed or oscillates, the control effect of the PI link at part of working points is poor, even the oscillation is increased, so that the compensation of the SVC is difficult to have a satisfactory effect. The linear active disturbance rejection control greatly simplifies the parameter adjusting process while retaining the advantages of the nonlinear active disturbance rejection control, inherits and improves the traditional PID control technology, can cope with the situations of undefined external disturbance of a controlled object and uncertain system parameters, is independent of the controlled object, does not depend on an accurate model of the controlled object, can estimate and compensate the total disturbance formed by subsynchronous disturbance and other external disturbances, has a simple structure and strong robustness, and can effectively inhibit the subsynchronous oscillation phenomenon. SVC is the most applied dynamic reactive power compensation equipment with the mature technology in the current power system, and the control method of the LADRC technology applied to SVC and the influence of the LADRC technology on the subsynchronous oscillation phenomenon of the system are the current problems to be considered.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a linear active disturbance rejection control-based SVC weak alternating current wind power system subsynchronous oscillation suppression method. The voltage PI controller of the static var compensator is improved by adopting a linear active disturbance rejection control technology, firstly, a linear extended state observer is utilized to track the state of an object and estimate the total disturbance of a system according to the input and output signals of the controlled object, and then, the SVC terminal voltage given value u is setsvc *And the output signal tracking value z1The tracking value z differentiated from the output signal after the difference is made2Input into the linear error feedback rate to obtain the output u0And finally, according to the total disturbance estimated by the linear extended state observer, the feedback control quantity u0And arranging a compensation process to obtain a compensated control quantity u, thereby realizing effective dynamic compensation of the total disturbance in the system. The strategy can change an object from an original nonlinear control system into a linear integral series control system, overcome the contradiction between overshoot and rapidity, improve the stability and robustness of the system and inhibit the subsynchronous oscillation phenomenon of the system.
The innovative thinking of the technical scheme and the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention provides a second-order linear active disturbance rejection controller to replace an SVC voltage PI control module to improve the stability of a wind power grid-connected system, inhibit the phenomenon of subsynchronous oscillation and verify the effectiveness of the strategy. All uncertain factors acting on a controlled object are attributed to unknown disturbance, and are estimated and compensated by using input and output data of the object, so that the influence of various uncertain external disturbance effects can be counteracted by applying control force in the process of eliminating errors and achieving a control target.
Compared with the SVC voltage PI control mode, the control method provided by the invention overcomes the inherent hysteresis characteristic of PI control and solves the contradiction between response speed and overshoot. A group of fixed PI parameters have different SVC output adjusting effects under different working conditions, and the requirements of the large-scale wind power plant on high-precision control under various working conditions from light load to full load cannot be met. The control parameters of the LADRC can adapt to a large range of object parameters, can cope with the running state of the system under various working conditions, are independent of the controlled object and are independent of an accurate model of the controlled object.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is that the voltage control link of the static var compensator is improved by adopting linear active disturbance rejection control, and the estimation and compensation of the total disturbance of the system are realized by the linear active disturbance rejection control without adding an additional device.
The control method provided by the invention adopts a linear active disturbance rejection control technology, so that the control quality and the control precision of the control method are fundamentally improved, and particularly, the linear active disturbance rejection control of the static var compensator can show the superiority of the control method on occasions requiring high-speed and high-precision control in severe environments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a wind farm control architecture.
FIG. 2 is a wind power plant subsynchronous oscillation accident development process diagram.
FIG. 3 is a graph of wind farm response after modification of the SVC voltage controller.
FIG. 4 shows SVC reactive compensation amount and 35kV bus voltage under PI control
FIG. 5 shows SVC reactive compensation amount and 35kV bus voltage under LADRC control
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will make the advantages and features of the invention easier to understand by those skilled in the art, and thus will clearly and clearly define the scope of the invention. The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Fig. 1 is an electrical structure diagram and an SVC control schematic diagram of a 1.2GW offshore wind farm, the wind farm is composed of wind generation sets G1, G2 and G3 with installed capacities of 400MW, each set includes 267 double-fed fans with rated voltage of 0.69kV and rated power of 1.5MW, hardware protection of low-voltage ride-through of the fans is realized through a Crowbar device, and the running states of each generator are consistent. All the wind turbine generator sets are boosted by a box transformer substation (0.69kV/35kV), collected to a bus bar and then connected toAfter the offshore booster station boosts the voltage to 400kV, power is transmitted to a power grid through a 120km high-voltage alternating current submarine cable, the resistance of the submarine cable is 0.0205 (omega/km), and the reactance of the submarine cable is 0.0798 (omega/km). The short-circuit ratio is used for representing the strength of the alternating current power grid, the short-circuit ratio of the grid-connected point of the wind power system is about 2.8, and the wind power system belongs to a weak alternating current system. The TSC-TCR type SVC is arranged at the middle node of the submarine cable and consists of a 327Mvar thyristor control reactor and three 282Mvar thyristor switched capacitors, constant voltage control is adopted, and the internal voltage PI control parameter k of the SVC is controlledp_svc=5,ki_svc800. The main parameters of the wind power system are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 wind power system Main parameters
For an n-order object y(n)=f(t,y,…,y(n-1),u,…,u(n-1)W) + bu, where u and y(n)Input and output of the system, w represents the external disturbance, f (t, y, …, y)(n-1),u,…,u(n-1)W) or abbreviated as f contains external interference of the system and all uncertain factors, b is a given nonzero constant, and an n-order linear active disturbance rejection controller can be designed to improve the disturbance rejection and the robustness of the system. Therefore, a second-order linear active disturbance rejection controller for an SVC voltage control link can be designed according to the linear active disturbance rejection technique, as shown in fig. 1. Because the subsynchronous oscillation phenomenon of the system acts quickly, in order to properly compensate the subsynchronous disturbance quantity of the system in time, a step of tracking a differentiator is omitted, and v is enabled to be1=usvc *. Wherein the linear extended state observer LESO is based on a control signal u and a measurement signal u output by the systemsvcEstimating each step state variable z of the controlled object1,z2And the real-time contribution z of the total disturbance3This makes the linear active disturbance rejection controller no longer depend on the precise model of the system, and the robustness is greatly improved. The LESO design is as follows:
wherein b is0Is an estimate of b, the output signal of the observer is z1、z2、z3Of variable z1And z2Tracking a given command signal and its differential signal, z, respectively3Is an estimate of the total disturbance made by the LESO to the subsynchronous disturbances and external disturbances.
Design of the linearity error feedback LSEF: giving a SVC terminal voltage value usvc *And z1After making a difference with z2Are input together to LSEF to obtain an output u0. And then according to the total disturbance estimated by the LESO, the feedback control quantity u0And arranging a compensation process to obtain a compensated control quantity u and inhibit the subsynchronous oscillation of the system as shown in a formula (2).
Wherein k isp,kd1For linear error feedback rate gain, e1And e2Error and the differential of the error.
FIG. 2 is a wind power plant subsynchronous oscillation accident development curve. A single phase earth short fault was applied at the 400kV bus with the fault duration set to 0.03 s. Initially, the SVC plant operates to inject reactive power into the grid to maintain the grid voltage stable. However, within the following hundreds of milliseconds, a subsynchronous oscillation phenomenon of about 9.8Hz occurs in the wind power plant, a large amount of reactive power is exchanged between the system and the SVC, peaks and valleys of an SVC output reactive curve approximately coincide with overshoot and drop moments of bus voltage of the wind power plant, reactive power regulation and voltage change are in the same direction, voltage compensation has hysteresis, the SVC has insufficient regulation capacity and disturbance resistance capacity, the stability of the voltage of a power grid is hindered to a certain extent, the oscillation of the wind power plant is intensified, and finally the wind power generation set is off-grid due to the fact that a generator tripping protection signal is triggered by rotor overcurrent.
After the SVC voltage PI controller is improved by utilizing the linear active disturbance rejection control technology, the stability and robustness of the system are improved, and the result is shown in figure 3. The phenomenon of subsynchronous oscillation on the high-voltage side of the system is obviously weakened, the SVC reactive output oscillation amplitude is obviously reduced, the SVC can quickly output proper reactive power to support the recovery of voltage, stable grid voltage is provided for a wind turbine generator, the power output of a fan is smoothed, and the large-scale grid disconnection event of a wind power plant is avoided. The effectiveness of the control method for inhibiting the subsynchronous oscillation of the weak alternating-current wind power system is verified.
It can be seen from observing fig. 4 and 5 that the compensation of SVC to voltage under PI control shown in fig. 4 has hysteresis, the peak and the valley of the output reactive curve coincide with the overshoot and the dip of the bus voltage of the wind farm for many times, the reactive regulation and the voltage change are in the same direction, which hinders the stability of the grid voltage to a certain extent, and aggravates the oscillation of the wind farm. After the linear active disturbance rejection control is adopted, as shown in fig. 5, the oscillation amplitude of the 35kV bus voltage is obviously reduced, the hysteresis of reactive compensation is obviously improved, and the SVC can absorb or emit reactive power in time to maintain the stability of the voltage at the moment of voltage rising or dropping. Fast and smooth reactive compensation is achieved overall, enabling the system to reach steady state more quickly.
The technical method is described by taking offshore wind power as a preferred embodiment, but the method is not limited to the offshore wind power SVC, and the method is also applicable to suppression of sub-synchronous oscillation of the onshore wind farm SVC in the weak alternating current system.
Claims (3)
1. A linear active disturbance rejection control-based SVC weak alternating current wind power system subsynchronous oscillation suppression method is characterized in that a linear extended state observer LESO is utilized to suppress output signals u and u according to input signals u and output signals u of a controlled systemsvcTo track the state z of an object1、z2And estimating the total disturbance z of the system3Then, the given value u of the SVC terminal voltage is setsvc *And the output signal tracking value z1The tracking value z differentiated from the output signal after the difference is made2The output u is obtained after being input into a linear error feedback rate LESF0Finally, the total disturbance z estimated from the LESO3For feedback control quantity u0And arranging a compensation process to obtain a compensated control quantity u.
2. A linear active disturbance rejection control-based SVC weak alternating current wind power system subsynchronous oscillation suppression method is characterized in that a second-order linear active disturbance rejection controller is designed for a TSC-TCR type static var compensator, all uncertain factors acting on a controlled object are attributed to unknown disturbance, the controlled object is estimated in real time by using input and output data of the object and compensated, the controlled object can be used for counteracting the influence of various uncertain external disturbance effects on the voltage of a power grid by applying control force in the process of eliminating errors and realizing a control target, a safe and stable operation environment is provided for a wind turbine generator, and the subsynchronous oscillation phenomenon of the system is suppressed.
3. A linear active disturbance rejection control-based SVC weak alternating current wind power system subsynchronous oscillation suppression method is characterized in that aiming at the phenomenon of subsynchronous oscillation of a weak alternating current wind power system, the estimation and compensation of the total disturbance of the system are realized by improving the SVC self control through a linear active disturbance rejection technology, and no additional device is needed to be added.
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