CN113514776A - Interturn short circuit fault diagnosis method, device and equipment of asynchronous motor - Google Patents
Interturn short circuit fault diagnosis method, device and equipment of asynchronous motor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses a turn-to-turn short circuit fault diagnosis method of an asynchronous motor, which comprises the following steps: acquiring instantaneous values of three-phase currents and three-phase line voltages of a target asynchronous motor; based on an instantaneous reactive power theory, acquiring instantaneous reactive power of the target asynchronous motor according to instantaneous values of three-phase current and three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor; extracting a direct current component and a double frequency alternating current component of the target asynchronous motor from the instantaneous reactive power of the target asynchronous motor; obtaining a target ratio of a double-frequency alternating current component to a direct current component, and judging whether the target ratio is greater than a preset threshold value; if yes, judging that the stator winding of the target asynchronous motor has turn-to-turn short circuit fault. Obviously, compared with the method of diagnosing whether the turn-to-turn short circuit fault occurs in the stator winding of the target asynchronous motor through a negative sequence current diagnosis method, a current harmonic component method or a current vector method and the like, the method can detect whether the turn-to-turn short circuit fault occurs in the stator winding of the target asynchronous motor more sensitively.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of motor fault diagnosis, in particular to a turn-to-turn short circuit fault diagnosis method, a turn-to-turn short circuit fault diagnosis device, turn-to-turn short circuit fault diagnosis equipment and a turn-to-turn short circuit fault diagnosis medium for an asynchronous motor.
Background
The asynchronous motor has the advantages of simple structure, reliable operation, light weight and low cost, so the asynchronous motor is widely applied in actual life. In practical application, because the asynchronous motor is interfered by factors such as a winding process, electromagnetic pulses, mechanical stress, temperature abnormity and the like, the stator winding of the asynchronous motor may have an inter-turn short circuit fault caused by insulation failure. In the prior art, whether the turn-to-turn short circuit fault occurs in the stator winding of the asynchronous motor is generally diagnosed by methods such as negative sequence current, current harmonic or current vector, however, the methods have the problems of complex calculation and low detection sensitivity. At present, no effective solution exists for the technical problem.
Therefore, how to more sensitively detect whether the stator winding of the asynchronous motor has the turn-to-turn short circuit fault is a technical problem to be solved urgently by the technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a method, an apparatus, a device and a medium for diagnosing turn-to-turn short circuit fault of an asynchronous motor, so as to detect whether the turn-to-turn short circuit fault occurs in a stator winding of the asynchronous motor more sensitively. The specific scheme is as follows:
a turn-to-turn short circuit fault diagnosis method of an asynchronous motor comprises the following steps:
acquiring instantaneous values of three-phase currents and three-phase line voltages of a target asynchronous motor;
based on an instantaneous reactive power theory, acquiring instantaneous reactive power of the target asynchronous motor according to instantaneous values of three-phase currents and three-phase line voltages of the target asynchronous motor;
extracting a direct current component and a double frequency alternating current component of the target asynchronous motor from the instantaneous reactive power of the target asynchronous motor;
obtaining a target ratio of the double-frequency alternating current component to the direct current component, and judging whether the target ratio is greater than a preset threshold value;
and if so, judging that the stator winding of the target asynchronous motor has turn-to-turn short circuit fault.
Preferably, the process of acquiring instantaneous values of three-phase currents and instantaneous values of three-phase line voltages of the target asynchronous motor includes:
and respectively acquiring the instantaneous values of the three-phase current and the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor by using a current sensor and a voltage reconstruction algorithm.
Preferably, after the process of determining whether the target ratio is greater than the preset threshold, the method further includes:
and if not, judging that the stator winding of the target asynchronous motor is in a normal running state.
Preferably, after the process of determining that the turn-to-turn short circuit fault occurs in the stator winding of the target asynchronous motor, the method further includes:
and prompting early warning information.
Preferably, the process of acquiring the instantaneous reactive power of the target asynchronous motor according to the instantaneous values of the three-phase current and the instantaneous values of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor based on the instantaneous reactive power theory includes:
acquiring the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of three-phase current fundamental wave components of the target asynchronous motor and the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of three-phase line voltage fundamental wave components of the target asynchronous motor according to the instantaneous values of the three-phase current and the instantaneous values of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor;
acquiring positive and negative zero-sequence components of the three-phase current of the target asynchronous motor and positive and negative zero-sequence components of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor according to the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the three-phase current fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor and the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the three-phase line voltage fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor;
and acquiring the instantaneous reactive power of the target asynchronous motor by utilizing the positive and negative zero-sequence components of the three-phase current of the target asynchronous motor and the positive and negative zero-sequence components of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor based on the instantaneous reactive power theory.
Preferably, the process of obtaining the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the fundamental component of the three-phase current of the target asynchronous motor and the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the fundamental component of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor according to the instantaneous values of the three-phase current and the instantaneous values of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor includes:
and analyzing the instantaneous values of the three-phase current and the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor by using FFT (fast Fourier transform algorithm), so as to obtain the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the three-phase current fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor and the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the three-phase line voltage fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor.
Preferably, the process of obtaining the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the fundamental component of the three-phase current of the target asynchronous motor and the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the fundamental component of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor according to the instantaneous values of the three-phase current and the instantaneous values of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor includes:
and analyzing the instantaneous value of the three-phase current and the instantaneous value of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor by utilizing the refined FFT to obtain the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the three-phase current fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor and the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the three-phase line voltage fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor.
Preferably, the process of obtaining the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the fundamental component of the three-phase current of the target asynchronous motor and the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the fundamental component of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor according to the instantaneous values of the three-phase current and the instantaneous values of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor includes:
and correcting the FFT by using an energy center-of-gravity correction method of a discrete frequency spectrum to obtain a first corrected FFT, and analyzing the instantaneous value of the three-phase current and the instantaneous value of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor by using the first corrected FFT to obtain the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the three-phase current fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor and the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the three-phase line voltage fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor.
Preferably, the process of obtaining the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the fundamental component of the three-phase current of the target asynchronous motor and the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the fundamental component of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor according to the instantaneous values of the three-phase current and the instantaneous values of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor includes:
and correcting the FFT by using a discrete spectrum multipoint convolution algorithm to obtain a second correction FFT, and analyzing the instantaneous value of the three-phase current of the target asynchronous motor and the instantaneous value of the three-phase line voltage by using the second correction FFT to obtain the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the three-phase current fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor and the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the three-phase line voltage fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor.
Correspondingly, the invention also discloses a turn-to-turn short circuit fault diagnosis device of the asynchronous motor, which comprises the following steps:
the instantaneous value acquisition module is used for acquiring the instantaneous values of the three-phase current and the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor;
the power acquisition module is used for acquiring the instantaneous reactive power of the target asynchronous motor according to the instantaneous values of the three-phase current and the instantaneous values of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor based on the instantaneous reactive power theory;
the component extraction module is used for extracting a direct-current component and a double-frequency alternating-current component of the target asynchronous motor from the instantaneous reactive power of the target asynchronous motor;
the threshold comparison module is used for calculating a target ratio of the double-frequency alternating current component to the direct current component and judging whether the target ratio is greater than a preset threshold;
and the fault determination module is used for determining that the turn-to-turn short circuit fault occurs in the stator winding of the target asynchronous motor when the determination result of the threshold comparison module is positive.
Correspondingly, the invention also discloses a turn-to-turn short circuit fault diagnosis device of the asynchronous motor, which comprises the following components:
a memory for storing a computer program;
a processor for implementing the steps of a turn-to-turn short fault diagnosis method of an asynchronous machine as disclosed in the foregoing when executing the computer program.
Accordingly, the present invention also discloses a computer readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when being executed by a processor, implements the steps of the turn-to-turn short fault diagnosis method for an asynchronous motor as disclosed in the foregoing.
It can be seen that, in the present invention, firstly, the instantaneous value of the three-phase current and the instantaneous value of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor are obtained, then, based on the instantaneous reactive power theory, the instantaneous reactive power of the target asynchronous motor is obtained according to the instantaneous value of the three-phase current and the instantaneous value of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor, finally, the direct current component and the double frequency alternating current component of the target asynchronous motor are extracted from the instantaneous reactive power of the target asynchronous motor, and the target ratio of the double frequency alternating current component to the direct current component is obtained, if the target ratio is greater than the preset threshold, it is indicated that the inter-turn short circuit fault occurs in the stator winding of the target asynchronous motor. Obviously, in the fault diagnosis method for the asynchronous motor provided by the invention, because the direct-current component and the double-frequency alternating-current component in the instantaneous reactive power of the target asynchronous motor are used for judging whether the inter-turn short circuit fault occurs in the stator winding of the target asynchronous motor, compared with the prior art that whether the inter-turn short circuit fault occurs in the stator winding of the target asynchronous motor is diagnosed by using methods such as negative sequence current, current harmonic waves or current vectors, the method can detect more sensitively whether the inter-turn short circuit fault occurs in the stator winding of the target asynchronous motor. Correspondingly, the turn-to-turn short circuit fault diagnosis device, equipment and medium of the asynchronous motor disclosed by the invention also have the beneficial effects.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a turn-to-turn short circuit fault diagnosis method for an asynchronous motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a turn-to-turn short circuit fault diagnosis apparatus for an asynchronous motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a turn-to-turn short circuit fault diagnosis device for an asynchronous motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart of a turn-to-turn short circuit fault diagnosis method for an asynchronous motor according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the fault diagnosis method includes:
step S11: acquiring instantaneous values of three-phase currents and three-phase line voltages of a target asynchronous motor;
step S12: based on an instantaneous reactive power theory, acquiring instantaneous reactive power of the target asynchronous motor according to instantaneous values of three-phase current and three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor;
step S13: extracting a direct current component and a double frequency alternating current component of the target asynchronous motor from the instantaneous reactive power of the target asynchronous motor;
step S14: obtaining a target ratio of a double-frequency alternating current component to a direct current component, and judging whether the target ratio is greater than a preset threshold value; if yes, go to step S15;
step S15: and judging that the stator winding of the target asynchronous motor has turn-to-turn short circuit fault.
In the embodiment, a fault diagnosis method for an asynchronous motor is provided, by which whether a turn-to-turn short circuit fault occurs in a stator winding of the asynchronous motor can be detected more sensitively. Specifically, the instantaneous values of the three-phase current and the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor are obtained, and then the instantaneous reactive power of the target asynchronous motor is obtained according to the instantaneous values of the three-phase current and the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor based on the instantaneous reactive power theory after the instantaneous values of the three-phase current and the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor are obtained.
The expression of the instantaneous reactive power of the target asynchronous motor is as follows:
where q is the instantaneous reactive power of the target asynchronous machine, vbc、vcaAnd vabInstantaneous values of the three-phase currents of the target asynchronous machine, ia、ibAnd icAre respectively the instantaneous values of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous machine.
It should be noted that, since the derivation process of the instantaneous reactive power expression of the target asynchronous machine is well known by those skilled in the art, the derivation process is not described in detail in this embodiment.
It can be understood that if the target asynchronous motor is in a normal operation state and no fault occurs, the instantaneous reactive power of the target asynchronous motor is a constant value and only contains a direct current component; however, if the stator winding of the target asynchronous motor has the inter-turn short circuit fault, the instantaneous reactive power of the target asynchronous motor may also contain a double-frequency alternating-current component in addition to the direct-current component, so in this embodiment, it can be determined whether the stator winding of the target asynchronous motor has the inter-turn short circuit fault by using the attribute characteristic of the target asynchronous motor.
Specifically, when the instantaneous reactive power of the target asynchronous motor is obtained, the direct current component and the double-frequency component are extracted from the instantaneous reactive power of the target asynchronous motor, and the target ratio of the double-frequency component to the direct current component is obtained. That is, the severity of the turn-to-turn short circuit fault occurring in the stator winding of the target asynchronous motor is evaluated by the magnitude of the target ratio. That is, if the target ratio of the double-frequency alternating-current component to the direct-current component is larger, it indicates that the turn-to-turn short circuit fault of the stator winding of the target asynchronous motor is more serious; if the target ratio of the double-frequency alternating current component to the direct current component is smaller, turn-to-turn short circuit faults of the stator winding of the target asynchronous motor are lighter.
Therefore, after the target ratio of the double frequency component to the direct current component is compared with the preset threshold, whether the turn-to-turn short circuit fault occurs in the stator winding of the target asynchronous motor can be judged. It should be noted that, in practical applications, the size of the preset threshold may be adaptively adjusted according to different practical situations, and details are not described herein.
Obviously, because the method based on instantaneous reactive power used in the method adopts current and voltage signals, and the method of using negative sequence current, current harmonics or current vectors in the prior art only adopts current signals, the sensitivity in the process of performing turn-to-turn short circuit fault diagnosis on the target asynchronous motor can be further improved by the fault diagnosis method provided by the embodiment.
In addition, the fault diagnosis method provided by this embodiment may also be applied to an early stage of fault diagnosis on the target asynchronous motor, because the instantaneous values of the three-phase current and the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor are slightly affected by the fault in an early stage when the inter-turn short circuit fault occurs in the stator winding of the target asynchronous motor, further deterioration of the stator winding of the target asynchronous motor when the inter-turn short circuit fault occurs can also be avoided by the method provided by this embodiment. Therefore, the fault diagnosis method provided by the embodiment can further improve the safety and reliability of the target asynchronous motor in the operation process.
It can be seen that, in this embodiment, first, an instantaneous value of a three-phase current and an instantaneous value of a three-phase line voltage of a target asynchronous motor are obtained, then, based on an instantaneous reactive power theory, an instantaneous reactive power of the target asynchronous motor is obtained according to the instantaneous values of the three-phase current and the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor, and finally, a direct current component and a double-frequency alternating current component of the target asynchronous motor are extracted from the instantaneous reactive power of the target asynchronous motor, and a target ratio of the double-frequency alternating current component to the direct current component is obtained, and if the target ratio is greater than a preset threshold, it is determined that inter-turn short circuit fault occurs in a stator winding of the target asynchronous motor. Obviously, in the fault diagnosis method for the asynchronous motor provided in this embodiment, because the dc component and the double-frequency ac component in the instantaneous reactive power of the target asynchronous motor are used to determine whether the inter-turn short circuit fault occurs in the stator winding of the target asynchronous motor, compared with the prior art that whether the inter-turn short circuit fault occurs in the stator winding of the target asynchronous motor is diagnosed by using methods such as negative sequence current, current harmonic or current vector, whether the inter-turn short circuit fault occurs in the stator winding of the target asynchronous motor can be detected more sensitively.
Based on the above embodiment, this embodiment further describes and optimizes the technical solution, and as a preferred implementation, the step S11: the process of acquiring the instantaneous values of the three-phase currents and the instantaneous values of the three-phase line voltages of the target asynchronous motor comprises the following steps:
and respectively acquiring the instantaneous values of the three-phase current and the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor by using a current sensor and a voltage reconstruction algorithm.
In practical application, a current sensor is usually installed on the target asynchronous motor, so that the instantaneous values of the three-phase current of the target asynchronous motor can be directly acquired by the current sensor. Obviously, the current collection mode can further improve the convenience in collecting the instantaneous values of the three-phase current of the target asynchronous motor.
However, in practical applications, a voltage sensor is not usually installed on the target asynchronous motor, and therefore, in practical operation, the instantaneous value of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor cannot be directly measured by the voltage sensor.
In view of the consideration of the above factors, in the embodiment, the voltage reconstruction algorithm is used to obtain the instantaneous value of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor, because the voltage reconstruction algorithm is not only a voltage estimation method which is commonly used in practical applications, but also has the advantage of accurate and reliable estimation results, when the voltage reconstruction algorithm is used to obtain the instantaneous value of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor, the accuracy in estimating the instantaneous value of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor can be relatively improved.
Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment further describes and optimizes the technical solution, and as a preferred implementation, the above steps: after the process of judging whether the target ratio is greater than the preset threshold value, the method further comprises the following steps:
and if not, judging that the stator winding of the target asynchronous motor is in a normal running state.
In the actual operation process, if the target ratio of the direct current component and the double-frequency alternating current component of the target asynchronous motor is smaller than the preset threshold, the stator winding of the target asynchronous motor is in a normal operation state, and under the condition, the target asynchronous motor can execute normal logic action.
Obviously, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment further ensures the integrity and comprehensiveness of the turn-to-turn short circuit fault diagnosis method of the asynchronous motor provided by the application.
Based on the above embodiment, this embodiment further describes and optimizes the technical solution, and as a preferred implementation, the step S15: after the process of judging that the stator winding of the target asynchronous motor has the turn-to-turn short circuit fault, the method further comprises the following steps:
and prompting early warning information.
In this embodiment, when it is determined that the inter-turn short circuit fault occurs in the stator winding of the target asynchronous motor, the worker can timely know the current operation state of the target asynchronous motor by prompting the early warning information. Obviously, by the arrangement mode, the target asynchronous motor can be prevented from being seriously damaged, and the economic loss of people can be relatively reduced.
Specifically, in practical application, the worker may be reminded in a voice prompt manner, a buzzer alarm manner, or a light alarm manner, as long as the purpose of practical application can be achieved, and the method is not specifically limited herein.
Based on the above embodiment, this embodiment further describes and optimizes the technical solution, and as a preferred implementation, the step S12: based on the instantaneous reactive power theory, the process of obtaining the instantaneous reactive power of the target asynchronous motor according to the instantaneous values of the three-phase current and the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor comprises the following steps:
acquiring the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of a three-phase current fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor and the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of a three-phase line voltage fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor according to the instantaneous values of the three-phase current and the instantaneous values of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor;
acquiring positive and negative zero-sequence components of three-phase current of the target asynchronous motor and positive and negative zero-sequence components of three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor according to the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the three-phase current fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor and the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the three-phase line voltage fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor;
based on the instantaneous reactive power theory, the instantaneous reactive power of the target asynchronous motor is obtained by utilizing the positive and negative zero-sequence components of the three-phase current of the target asynchronous motor and the positive and negative zero-sequence components of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor.
In the present embodiment, a specific operation method is provided for extracting a dc component and a double frequency ac component of a target asynchronous machine from instantaneous reactive power of the target asynchronous machine. That is, the instantaneous reactive power of the target asynchronous machine is first calculated from the instantaneous reactive power.
The expression of the instantaneous reactive power of the target asynchronous motor is as follows:
where q is the instantaneous reactive power of the target asynchronous machine, vbc、vcaAnd vabInstantaneous values of the three-phase currents of the target asynchronous machine, ia、ibAnd icAre respectively the instantaneous values of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous machine. And respectively extracting corresponding fundamental wave amplitude, phase angle and frequency by respectively carrying out FFT analysis on the instantaneous current and the instantaneous voltage.
Then, decomposing the instantaneous value of the fundamental component of the three-phase current of the target asynchronous motor into positive and negative zero-sequence components of the three-phase current according to a symmetrical component method:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
and
respectively represent positive and negative zero-sequence components of the a-phase current phasor,
and
respectively representing current phasors of a, b and c three phases; α ═ ej120°，I+、I-And I0Respectively representing the amplitudes of the positive sequence, negative sequence and zero sequence components of the a-phase current,
and
the phase angles of the positive sequence, negative sequence and zero sequence components of the a-phase current are respectively represented.
Since the zero-sequence component of the phase-a current is always zero, the positive and negative-sequence components of the phase-a current phasor can be expressed in the form of instantaneous values, that is:
in the formula I+And I-Representing the magnitude of the positive and negative sequence components of the a-phase current respectively,
and
the phase angles of the positive and negative sequence components of the a-phase current are shown, respectively.
Then, the instantaneous values of the a, b and c phase currents of the target asynchronous machine can be expressed as the following positive and negative zero-sequence components, that is:
in the formula ia、ibAnd icInstantaneous values, I, of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous machine+Of positive sequence component of phase-a currentAmplitude, I-The amplitude of the negative sequence component of the a-phase current, ω represents the frequency,
and
the phase angles of the positive and negative sequence components of the a-phase current are shown, respectively.
Similarly, the instantaneous value of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous machine can also be expressed as a positive and negative zero-sequence component, that is:
in the formula, vbc、vcaAnd vabInstantaneous values, V, of the three-phase currents of the target asynchronous machine+、V-And V0Respectively represent the amplitudes of the positive sequence component, the negative sequence component and the zero sequence component of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor,
and
the phase angles respectively representing the magnitudes of the positive sequence component, the negative sequence component and the zero sequence component of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor.
The combined type (1), the formula (4) and the formula (5) can calculate the instantaneous reactive power of the target asynchronous motor, namely:
when the target asynchronous motor is in a normal operation state and has no fault, the three-phase current and the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor only contain positive sequence components, and then the formula (6) can be simplified into the formula (7). As can be seen from equation (7), when the three-phase current and the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor are in a stable state, the reactive power of the target asynchronous motor is a constant value, that is, the reactive power of the target asynchronous motor only contains a direct current component.
When the stator winding of the target asynchronous motor has turn-to-turn short circuit fault, negative sequence components appear in the three-phase current and the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor. Then, from expression (6) of the instantaneous reactive power of the target asynchronous machine, it can be obtained that, in addition to the dc component, the instantaneous reactive power of the target asynchronous machine also has a double-frequency ac component, that is, the sum of the last two terms of expression (6) is the double-frequency ac component, where the double-frequency ac component can be expressed as:
and finally, taking the target ratio eta of the double-frequency alternating current component and the direct current component as an index for evaluating whether the severity degree of turn-to-turn short circuit fault occurs to the stator winding of the target asynchronous motor, namely:
therefore, by the technical scheme provided by the embodiment, the accuracy of the target asynchronous motor in the process of acquiring the instantaneous reactive power is ensured, and the reliability of the target ratio eta in the process of calculating is also ensured.
As a preferred embodiment, the above steps: the process of acquiring the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the positive and negative zero-sequence components of the three-phase current of the target asynchronous motor and the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the positive and negative zero-sequence components of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor according to the instantaneous value of the three-phase current of the target asynchronous motor and the instantaneous value of the three-phase line voltage comprises the following steps:
and analyzing the instantaneous values of the three-phase current and the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor by using FFT (fast Fourier transform algorithm), and obtaining the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the three-phase current fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor and the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the three-phase line voltage fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor.
In this embodiment, in the process of acquiring the amplitude, the phase angle, and the frequency of the three-phase current fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor and the amplitude, the phase angle, and the frequency of the three-phase line voltage fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor, the instantaneous values of the three-phase current and the instantaneous values of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor are obtained by analyzing FFT (Fast Fourier Transform).
As a preferred embodiment, the process of obtaining the amplitude, phase angle and frequency of the fundamental component of the three-phase current of the target asynchronous motor and the amplitude, phase angle and frequency of the fundamental component of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor based on the instantaneous values of the three-phase current and the instantaneous values of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor includes:
and analyzing the instantaneous value of the three-phase current and the instantaneous value of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor by utilizing the refined FFT to obtain the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the three-phase current fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor and the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the three-phase line voltage fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor.
It is conceivable that although the FFT is widely applied in the signal processing field, scientific research field and engineering field, the FFT also has limitations. Such as: energy leakage due to time domain truncation, small spectral peak value, low precision, spectrum analysis error caused by non-whole period sampling and the like. Therefore, in practical application, the refined FFT can be used to analyze the instantaneous values of the three-phase current and the instantaneous values of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor, because the essence of the refined FFT is to use the FFT as a panoramic spectrum, and then to analyze the portion to be refined by DFT (Discrete Fourier Transform), so as to change the spectrum curve of the interval into a continuous one, thereby obtaining a more accurate spectrum value.
Obviously, by the technical scheme provided by the embodiment, the instantaneous values of the three-phase current and the instantaneous values of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor can be more accurately analyzed.
As a preferred embodiment, the above steps: the process of obtaining the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the fundamental wave component of the three-phase current of the target asynchronous motor and the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the fundamental wave component of the voltage of the three-phase wires of the target asynchronous motor according to the instantaneous value of the three-phase current and the instantaneous value of the three-phase wire voltage of the target asynchronous motor comprises the following steps:
and the FFT is corrected by using an energy center-of-gravity correction method of a discrete frequency spectrum to obtain a first corrected FFT, and the instantaneous value of the three-phase current of the target asynchronous motor and the instantaneous value of the three-phase line voltage are analyzed by using the first corrected FFT to obtain the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the three-phase current fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor and the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the three-phase line voltage fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor.
It can be understood that, because the discrete spectrum energy centroid correction method can directly correct a plurality of segments of average power frequency spectra compared with other analysis methods, the accuracy and reliability in analyzing the instantaneous values of the three-phase current and the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor can be significantly improved by using the characteristic of the discrete spectrum energy centroid correction method.
That is, when the FFT is corrected by using the energy center of gravity correction method of the discrete spectrum to obtain the first corrected FFT, and then the instantaneous value of the three-phase current and the instantaneous value of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor are analyzed by using the first corrected FFT, the accuracy of the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the obtained three-phase current fundamental wave component of the target asynchronous motor and the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the three-phase line voltage fundamental wave component of the target asynchronous motor can be further improved.
As a preferred embodiment, the process of obtaining the amplitude, phase angle and frequency of the fundamental component of the three-phase current of the target asynchronous motor and the amplitude, phase angle and frequency of the fundamental component of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor based on the instantaneous values of the three-phase current and the instantaneous values of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor includes:
and correcting the FFT by using a discrete spectrum multipoint convolution algorithm to obtain a second correction FFT, and analyzing the instantaneous value of the three-phase current of the target asynchronous motor and the instantaneous value of the three-phase line voltage by using the second correction FFT to obtain the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the three-phase current fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor and the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the three-phase line voltage fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor.
In practical application, the discrete spectrum multipoint convolution algorithm can be used for correcting the FFT, the algorithm can inhibit leakage in the FFT spectrum and reduce the ratio of a main lobe to a side lobe, so that the discrete spectrum multipoint convolution algorithm is used for correcting the FFT to obtain a second correction FFT, the second correction FFT is used for analyzing the instantaneous value of the three-phase current of the target asynchronous motor and the instantaneous value of the three-phase line voltage, and the more accurate amplitude, phase angle and frequency of the three-phase current fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor and the amplitude, phase angle and frequency of the three-phase line voltage fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor can be obtained.
Obviously, by the technical scheme provided by the embodiment, not only can the instantaneous values of the three-phase current and the instantaneous values of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor be more accurately analyzed, but also the FFT correction mode can be more flexible and diversified.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a turn-to-turn short circuit fault diagnosis device of an asynchronous motor according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the fault diagnosis device includes:
the instantaneous value acquisition module 21 is used for acquiring instantaneous values of three-phase currents and instantaneous values of three-phase line voltages of the target asynchronous motor;
the power acquisition module 22 is used for acquiring the instantaneous reactive power of the target asynchronous motor according to the instantaneous values of the three-phase current and the instantaneous values of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor based on the instantaneous reactive power theory;
the component extraction module 23 is used for extracting a direct current component and a double frequency alternating current component of the target asynchronous motor from the instantaneous reactive power of the target asynchronous motor;
a threshold comparison module 24, configured to obtain a target ratio of the double-frequency ac component to the dc component, and determine whether the target ratio is greater than a preset threshold;
and the fault determination module 25 is used for determining that the stator winding of the target asynchronous motor has the turn-to-turn short circuit fault when the determination result of the threshold comparison module 24 is yes.
Preferably, the instantaneous value obtaining module 21 includes:
and the instantaneous acquisition unit is used for acquiring the instantaneous values of the three-phase current and the instantaneous values of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor by using the current sensor and the voltage reconstruction algorithm respectively.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
and the state judgment module is used for judging that the stator winding of the target asynchronous motor is in a normal running state when the judgment result of the threshold comparison module is negative.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
and the early warning prompting module is used for prompting early warning information after the process that the turn-to-turn short circuit fault occurs in the stator winding of the target asynchronous motor is judged.
Preferably, the power obtaining module 22 includes:
the fundamental component acquisition unit is used for acquiring the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the fundamental component of the three-phase current of the target asynchronous motor and the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the fundamental component of the voltage of the three-phase lines of the target asynchronous motor according to the instantaneous value of the three-phase current of the target asynchronous motor and the instantaneous value of the voltage of the three-phase lines;
the positive and negative zero sequence acquisition unit is used for acquiring positive and negative zero sequence components of three-phase current of the target asynchronous motor and positive and negative zero sequence components of three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor according to the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the three-phase current fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor and the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the three-phase line voltage fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor;
and the instantaneous power acquisition unit is used for acquiring the instantaneous reactive power of the target asynchronous motor by utilizing the positive and negative zero-sequence components of the three-phase current of the target asynchronous motor and the positive and negative zero-sequence components of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor based on the instantaneous reactive power theory.
Preferably, the fundamental component acquisition unit includes:
the first obtaining subunit is configured to analyze an instantaneous value of the three-phase current and an instantaneous value of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor by using an FFT, and obtain an amplitude, a phase angle, and a frequency of a three-phase current fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor and an amplitude, a phase angle, and a frequency of a three-phase line voltage fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor.
Preferably, the fundamental component acquisition unit includes:
and the second acquisition subunit is used for analyzing the instantaneous values of the three-phase current and the instantaneous values of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor by utilizing the refined FFT to obtain the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the three-phase current fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor and the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the three-phase line voltage fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor.
Preferably, the fundamental component acquisition unit includes:
and the third obtaining subunit is used for correcting the FFT by using an energy center-of-gravity correction method of the discrete frequency spectrum to obtain a first corrected FFT, analyzing the instantaneous value of the three-phase current and the instantaneous value of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor by using the first corrected FFT to obtain the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the three-phase current fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor and the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the three-phase line voltage fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor.
Preferably, the fundamental component acquisition unit includes:
and the fourth obtaining subunit is used for correcting the FFT by using a discrete spectrum multipoint convolution algorithm to obtain a second correction FFT, and analyzing the instantaneous values of the three-phase current and the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor by using the second correction FFT to obtain the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the three-phase current fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor and the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the three-phase line voltage fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor.
The turn-to-turn short circuit fault diagnosis device for the asynchronous motor has the beneficial effects of the turn-to-turn short circuit fault diagnosis method for the asynchronous motor.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a turn-to-turn short circuit fault diagnosis device of an asynchronous motor according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the fault diagnosis device includes:
a memory 31 for storing a computer program;
a processor 32 for implementing the steps of the turn-to-turn short fault diagnosis method of an asynchronous machine as disclosed in the foregoing when executing the computer program.
The turn-to-turn short circuit fault diagnosis equipment for the asynchronous motor has the beneficial effects of the turn-to-turn short circuit fault diagnosis method for the asynchronous motor.
Accordingly, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the turn-to-turn short fault diagnosis method for an asynchronous motor are implemented as disclosed in the foregoing.
The computer-readable storage medium provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects of the turn-to-turn short circuit fault diagnosis method of the asynchronous motor.
The embodiments are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
Finally, it should also be noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The turn-to-turn short circuit fault diagnosis method, device, equipment and medium of the asynchronous motor provided by the invention are introduced in detail, a specific example is applied in the text to explain the principle and the implementation mode of the invention, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. A turn-to-turn short circuit fault diagnosis method of an asynchronous motor is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring instantaneous values of three-phase currents and three-phase line voltages of a target asynchronous motor;
based on an instantaneous reactive power theory, acquiring instantaneous reactive power of the target asynchronous motor according to instantaneous values of three-phase currents and three-phase line voltages of the target asynchronous motor;
extracting a direct current component and a double frequency alternating current component of the target asynchronous motor from the instantaneous reactive power of the target asynchronous motor;
obtaining a target ratio of the double-frequency alternating current component to the direct current component, and judging whether the target ratio is greater than a preset threshold value;
and if so, judging that the stator winding of the target asynchronous motor has turn-to-turn short circuit fault.
2. The turn-to-turn short fault diagnosis method according to claim 1, wherein the process of acquiring the instantaneous values of the three-phase currents and the instantaneous values of the three-phase line voltages of the target asynchronous motor includes:
and respectively acquiring the instantaneous values of the three-phase current and the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor by using a current sensor and a voltage reconstruction algorithm.
3. The turn-to-turn short circuit fault diagnosis method according to claim 1, wherein after the process of determining whether the target ratio is greater than a preset threshold, the method further comprises:
and if not, judging that the stator winding of the target asynchronous motor is in a normal running state.
4. The inter-turn short circuit fault diagnosis method according to claim 1, wherein after the process of determining that the inter-turn short circuit fault occurs in the stator winding of the target asynchronous motor, the method further comprises:
and prompting early warning information.
5. The turn-to-turn short circuit fault diagnosis method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the process of obtaining the instantaneous reactive power of the target asynchronous motor according to the instantaneous values of the three-phase current and the instantaneous values of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor based on the instantaneous reactive power theory comprises:
acquiring the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of three-phase current fundamental wave components of the target asynchronous motor and the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of three-phase line voltage fundamental wave components of the target asynchronous motor according to the instantaneous values of the three-phase current and the instantaneous values of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor;
acquiring positive and negative zero-sequence components of the three-phase current of the target asynchronous motor and positive and negative zero-sequence components of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor according to the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the three-phase current fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor and the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the three-phase line voltage fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor;
and acquiring the instantaneous reactive power of the target asynchronous motor by utilizing the positive and negative zero-sequence components of the three-phase current of the target asynchronous motor and the positive and negative zero-sequence components of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor based on the instantaneous reactive power theory.
6. The inter-turn short circuit fault diagnosis method according to claim 5, wherein the process of obtaining the amplitude, phase angle and frequency of the fundamental component of the three-phase current of the target asynchronous motor and the amplitude, phase angle and frequency of the fundamental component of the three-phase voltage of the target asynchronous motor from the instantaneous values of the three-phase current and the instantaneous values of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor comprises:
and analyzing the instantaneous values of the three-phase current and the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor by using FFT (fast Fourier transform algorithm), so as to obtain the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the three-phase current fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor and the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the three-phase line voltage fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor.
7. The inter-turn short circuit fault diagnosis method according to claim 5, wherein the process of obtaining the amplitude, phase angle and frequency of the fundamental component of the three-phase current of the target asynchronous motor and the amplitude, phase angle and frequency of the fundamental component of the three-phase voltage of the target asynchronous motor from the instantaneous values of the three-phase current and the instantaneous values of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor comprises:
and analyzing the instantaneous value of the three-phase current and the instantaneous value of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor by utilizing the refined FFT to obtain the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the three-phase current fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor and the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the three-phase line voltage fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor.
8. The inter-turn short circuit fault diagnosis method according to claim 5, wherein the process of obtaining the amplitude, phase angle and frequency of the fundamental component of the three-phase current of the target asynchronous motor and the amplitude, phase angle and frequency of the fundamental component of the three-phase voltage of the target asynchronous motor from the instantaneous values of the three-phase current and the instantaneous values of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor comprises:
and correcting the FFT by using an energy center-of-gravity correction method of a discrete frequency spectrum to obtain a first corrected FFT, and analyzing the instantaneous value of the three-phase current and the instantaneous value of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor by using the first corrected FFT to obtain the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the three-phase current fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor and the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the three-phase line voltage fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor.
9. The inter-turn short circuit fault diagnosis method according to claim 5, wherein the process of obtaining the amplitude, phase angle and frequency of the fundamental component of the three-phase current of the target asynchronous motor and the amplitude, phase angle and frequency of the fundamental component of the three-phase voltage of the target asynchronous motor from the instantaneous values of the three-phase current and the instantaneous values of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor comprises:
and correcting the FFT by using a discrete spectrum multipoint convolution algorithm to obtain a second correction FFT, and analyzing the instantaneous value of the three-phase current of the target asynchronous motor and the instantaneous value of the three-phase line voltage by using the second correction FFT to obtain the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the three-phase current fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor and the amplitude, the phase angle and the frequency of the three-phase line voltage fundamental component of the target asynchronous motor.
10. An inter-turn short circuit fault diagnosis device of an asynchronous motor, characterized by comprising:
the instantaneous value acquisition module is used for acquiring the instantaneous values of the three-phase current and the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor;
the power acquisition module is used for acquiring the instantaneous reactive power of the target asynchronous motor according to the instantaneous values of the three-phase current and the instantaneous values of the three-phase line voltage of the target asynchronous motor based on the instantaneous reactive power theory;
the component extraction module is used for extracting a direct-current component and a double-frequency alternating-current component of the target asynchronous motor from the instantaneous reactive power of the target asynchronous motor;
the threshold comparison module is used for calculating a target ratio of the double-frequency alternating current component to the direct current component and judging whether the target ratio is greater than a preset threshold;
and the fault determination module is used for determining that the turn-to-turn short circuit fault occurs in the stator winding of the target asynchronous motor when the determination result of the threshold comparison module is positive.
11. An inter-turn short fault diagnosis apparatus of an asynchronous motor, comprising:
a memory for storing a computer program;
a processor for implementing the steps of a method for diagnosing turn-to-turn short-circuit faults of an asynchronous machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9 when executing said computer program.
12. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium has stored thereon a computer program which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of a method for diagnosing turn-to-turn short faults of an asynchronous machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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