CN113514219B - Periodic microstructure noise reduction device, noise suppression test system and method - Google Patents
Periodic microstructure noise reduction device, noise suppression test system and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a periodic microstructure noise reduction device, a noise suppression test system and a method, wherein the test system comprises a noise elimination wind tunnel, a noise sensor and a model test piece; the model test piece adopts a periodic microstructure noise reduction device and is arranged in the noise reduction wind tunnel; the periodic microstructure noise reduction device comprises a reference cylinder, wherein radial convex structures are periodically arranged on the reference cylinder along the axial direction, the diameter of the reference cylinder is D, the length of the reference cylinder is L, the setting period is S, the outer diameter of each radial convex structure is A, and the thickness of each radial convex structure is B; and the noise sensors are arranged in the noise elimination wind tunnel in an arc array mode along the airflow direction by taking the center of the model test piece as the circle center. The test system provided by the invention collects the noise generated by the airflow on the model through the plurality of noise sensors, and analyzes the changes of the noise single-tone signal and the whole broadband signal, thereby providing a research basis for noise suppression.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pneumatic noise reduction, and particularly relates to a periodic microstructure noise reduction device, a noise suppression test system and a noise suppression test method.
Background
At present, wind-induced noise is common noise pollution, is widely existed in life of people, such as aircraft landing gear in aviation, power transmission lines blown by strong wind, fixed ropes of bridge structures, towers of wind driven generators and the like, and is one of noise pollution sources caused by common blunt body rod pieces, and has great influence on surrounding residents and animals. In order to suppress airflow separation and vortex shedding noise while improving its aerodynamic performance as much as possible, many researchers have studied various active and passive noise control methods.
The classical active noise control method comprises blowing and sucking fluid (generating secondary flow), injecting plasma and the like, and in addition, the method comprises rotating a cylinder, adjusting the rotating speed of the cylinder to control the period and the strength of disturbance and achieve the effect of dissipating a shear layer. However, the active control needs to be assisted by a more complex mechanical device, is not easy to operate, has a complex structure and is higher in cost.
At present, the method still lacks the measures of engineering practicability, low cost, reliability and effectiveness of noise reduction, and does not systematically research the rule of a certain structural parameter on the pneumatic noise suppression of the blunt body cylindrical structure, thereby resulting in poor noise reduction effect of the designed noise reduction structure or poor engineering practicability.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a periodic microstructure noise reduction device. The invention is used for researching the pneumatic noise suppression performance of the blunt body cylindrical structure by reasonably designing the periodic microstructure on the blunt body cylindrical rod piece.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention designs a noise suppression test system for researching the noise reduction performance generated by periodic microstructure devices in different structural forms, and further analyzes the structure size with better noise reduction effect and improves the noise reduction performance.
The noise suppression test system comprises a noise elimination wind tunnel, a noise sensor and a model test piece;
the model test piece adopts a periodic microstructure noise reduction device and is arranged in the noise reduction wind tunnel; the periodic microstructure noise reduction device comprises a reference cylinder, wherein radial convex structures are periodically arranged on the reference cylinder along the axial direction, the diameter of the reference cylinder is D, the length of the reference cylinder is L, the setting period is S, the outer diameter of each radial convex structure is A, and the thickness of each radial convex structure is B;
and the noise sensors are arranged in the noise elimination wind tunnel in an arc array mode along the airflow direction by taking the center of the model test piece as the circle center.
Preferably, the test system of the present invention comprises 9 of said noise sensors; and the flow direction of the air flow is taken as a reference, the angle range of an arc array formed by 9 noise sensors is 40-120 degrees, the angle between every two adjacent noise sensors is 10 degrees, and the radius length of the arc array is 1 m.
Preferably, the model test piece is fixedly installed between the side plates on the two sides of the nozzle of the wind tunnel.
Preferably, the noise sensor of the present invention employs a microphone, and the sampling frequency of the microphone is 51.2 KHz.
Preferably, the wind tunnel of the invention is a 0.55m × 0.4m noise elimination wind tunnel.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for a noise suppression test system according to the present invention, which includes the following steps:
testing each model test piece of a plurality of pre-prepared model test pieces with different parameter states under different testing working conditions to obtain noise test data;
and analyzing and obtaining the noise reduction effect and the noise suppression capability of the model test piece in different parameter states under different test working conditions based on the noise test data.
Preferably, the pre-preparation process of the present invention specifically comprises:
keeping the diameter D of the cylinder, the length L of the cylinder, the period S of the radial convex structure and the thickness B of the radial convex structure unchanged, changing the outer diameter A of the radial convex structure, and preparing to obtain various model test pieces;
keeping the diameter D of the cylinder, the length L of the cylinder, the outer diameter A of the radial convex structure and the thickness B of the radial convex structure unchanged, changing the period S of the radial convex structure, and preparing and obtaining various model test pieces;
and keeping the diameter D of the cylinder, the length L of the cylinder, the outer diameter A of the radial convex structure and the period S of the radial convex structure unchanged, changing the thickness B of the radial convex structure, and preparing to obtain various model test pieces.
Preferably, the test process of the present invention employs multiple sets of test conditions at different air flow rates.
In a third aspect, the invention provides a periodic microstructure noise reduction device, which comprises a reference cylinder, wherein radial convex structures are periodically arranged on the reference cylinder along an axial direction, the diameter of the reference cylinder is D, the length of the reference cylinder is L, the arrangement period is S, the outer diameter of each radial convex structure is A, and the thickness of each radial convex structure is B.
Preferably, 0 < (A-D)/D < 10% in the present invention.
The invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. the test system provided by the invention comprises a model experiment piece with a periodic microstructure and a plurality of noise sensors arranged in an arc array, wherein the noise sensors are used for collecting noise generated by airflow on the model and analyzing the change of a noise single tone signal and an integral broadband signal, so that a research basis is provided for noise suppression. The test system has simple structure and easy implementation, and does not need to use an additional mechanical auxiliary structure.
2. By adopting the test system provided by the invention, the periodic microstructure parameters with better noise reduction performance can be obtained by changing different parameter states, and the noise suppression effect is improved.
3. The test system provided by the invention can be used for researching the noise suppression effect under different test working conditions, so that the test system is suitable for various test working conditions and has a wide application range.
4. The periodic microstructure noise suppression device provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, wide application speed range, reliable noise reduction effect, low cost and strong engineering feasibility.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a periodic microstructure noise reduction apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a test system according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph of the first set of model trial noise spectrum results at a monitoring point Mic6 at an airflow rate of 60 m/s.
FIG. 4 is a graph of the second set of model test piece noise spectrum results at a monitoring point Mic6 at an airflow rate of 60 m/s.
FIG. 5 shows the first set of model test pieces at an airflow rate of 60m/s, θ being 400-1200Inner total sound pressure level result graph.
FIG. 6 shows the air flow rate at 60m/s for the second set of model test pieces at θ 400-1200Inner total sound pressure level result graph.
Reference numbers and corresponding part names in the drawings:
the method comprises the following steps of 1-wind tunnel, 2-nozzle, 3-side plate, 4-model test piece, 4-1-datum cylinder, 4-2-radial protrusion structure, 5-noise sensor and 6-collector.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, the term "comprising" or "may include" used in various embodiments of the present invention indicates the presence of the invented function, operation or element, and does not limit the addition of one or more functions, operations or elements. Furthermore, as used in various embodiments of the present invention, the terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," "including," "has," "having" and their derivatives are intended to mean that the specified features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations of the foregoing, are only meant to indicate that a particular feature, number, step, operation, element, component, or combination of the foregoing, and should not be construed as first excluding the existence of, or adding to the possibility of, one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations of the foregoing.
In various embodiments of the invention, the expression "or" at least one of a or/and B "includes any or all combinations of the words listed simultaneously. For example, the expression "a or B" or "at least one of a or/and B" may include a, may include B, or may include both a and B.
Expressions (such as "first", "second", and the like) used in various embodiments of the present invention may modify various constituent elements in various embodiments, but may not limit the respective constituent elements. For example, the above description does not limit the order and/or importance of the elements described. The foregoing description is for the purpose of distinguishing one element from another. For example, the first user device and the second user device indicate different user devices, although both are user devices. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and, similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of various embodiments of the present invention.
It should be noted that: if it is described that one constituent element is "connected" to another constituent element, the first constituent element may be directly connected to the second constituent element, and a third constituent element may be "connected" between the first constituent element and the second constituent element. In contrast, when one constituent element is "directly connected" to another constituent element, it is understood that there is no third constituent element between the first constituent element and the second constituent element.
The terminology used in the various embodiments of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the various embodiments of the invention. As used herein, the singular forms are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which various embodiments of the present invention belong. The terms (such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries) should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their contextual meaning in the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein in various embodiments of the present invention.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a novel periodic microstructure noise reduction device for noise suppression, multi-parameter noise reduction effect research is carried out on the periodic microstructure noise reduction device through a special acoustic wind tunnel, wind noise frequency spectrums before and after noise suppression measures are added and compared with A weighted total sound pressure level are analyzed and compared, and reliable data support and suggestions are provided for cylindrical blunt body noise reduction measures.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the periodic microstructure noise reduction device of the present embodiment includes a reference cylinder 4-1, and radial convex structures 4-2 are periodically arranged on the reference cylinder 4-1 along an axial direction, where a diameter of the reference cylinder 4-1 is D, and a length of the reference cylinder 4-1 is L; the radial convex structure 4-2 has an outer diameter A, a setting period S and a thickness B.
As shown in fig. 1, the periodically arranged radial protrusion structure of the present embodiment is specifically that a radial outer protrusion structure is arranged on the reference cylinder in a row along the axial direction thereof.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides a noise suppression test system for studying noise reduction performance of the periodic microstructure noise reduction device provided in embodiment 1 under different structure types, and specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the test device of the present embodiment includes a wind tunnel 1, a noise sensor 5, and a model test piece 4.
The model test piece 4 of this embodiment is the periodic microstructure noise reduction device proposed in embodiment 1 above.
The model test piece 4 and the noise sensor 5 of the present embodiment are both installed in the wind tunnel 1.
The wind tunnel 1 of the embodiment adopts a 0.55m × 0.4m acoustic muffling wind tunnel 1, connecting devices are respectively arranged on two sides of a nozzle 2 of the wind tunnel 1, the connecting devices are connected with side plates 3, and a model test piece 4 is installed between the two side plates 3 through bolts. This embodiment is used for fixed model test piece through setting up two blocks of curb plates in 2 flange departments of spout, reduces the noise influence that the structure vibration produced, but can fine ensure the two-dimentional of flow field.
In the embodiment, a plurality of noise sensors 5 are adopted, and the noise sensors are arranged in an arc array along the airflow direction by taking the center of the model test piece 4 as the center of a circle, and are used for collecting the noise generated by the airflow on the model test piece and analyzing the changes of a noise single tone signal and an integral broadband signal. As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, 9 monitoring points Mic1, Mic2, Mic3, Mic4, Mic5, Mic6, Mic7, Mic8, and Mic9 are provided in total, and one microphone is installed as a noise sensor at each monitoring point. The radius of the arc is 1m, and the arc angle range theta is 40 based on the airflow direction0～1200Where Mic1 is 40 °, Mic9 is 120 °, and the angular separation Δ θ between each two microphones is 10 °, monitoring point Mic6 is located 90 ° directly above the model test piece 4.
The embodiment adopts the protruding structure of cylinder periodic pitch diameter, improves the aerodynamic characteristic and the noise characteristic of blunt body smooth member well, and this embodiment can realize that periodic microstructure falls the noise suppression performance research of device of making an uproar under different parameter states, in different test condition through setting up above-mentioned test system, can obtain the noise suppression structure of more excellent performance to promote the noise reduction effect.
The testing device provided by the embodiment is simple in structure, does not need additional auxiliary machinery, can be suitable for various working conditions, and is wide in engineering application range.
Example 3
In this embodiment, the test system provided in the above embodiment 2 is used for testing and analyzing, and the specific process includes:
testing each model test piece of a plurality of pre-prepared model test pieces with different parameter states under different testing working conditions to obtain noise test data;
and analyzing and obtaining the noise reduction effect and the noise suppression capability of the model test piece in different parameter states under different test working conditions based on the noise test data.
In this embodiment, model test pieces with various different parameter states can be prepared in advance by the following method:
(1) keeping the diameter D of the cylinder, the length L of the cylinder, the period S of the radial convex structure and the thickness B of the radial convex structure unchanged, changing the outer diameter A of the radial convex structure, and preparing to obtain various model test pieces;
(2) keeping the diameter D of the cylinder, the length L of the cylinder, the outer diameter A of the radial protruding structure and the thickness B of the radial protruding structure unchanged, changing the period S of the radial protruding structure, and preparing to obtain various model test pieces.
(3) And keeping the diameter D of the cylinder, the length L of the cylinder, the outer diameter A of the radial convex structure and the period S of the radial convex structure unchanged, changing the thickness B of the radial convex structure, and preparing to obtain various model test pieces.
This example was tested under multiple sets of test conditions at different airflow rates.
Example 4
The embodiment verifies the test analysis process of the embodiment, and specifically includes:
the dimension of the radial protrusion structure is determined based on the dimension of the reference cylinder (the diameter D of the reference cylinder used in this embodiment is 30mm, and the length L of the reference cylinder is 550mm), and 7 kinds of model test pieces are prepared according to a parameter design method, namely, reference Baseline (i.e., the reference cylinder), a42S10, a36S10, a33S10, a42S20, a42S15, and a42S 6. That is, two sets of parameter variation states are considered, including:
(1) keeping the setting period S equal to 10mm and other parameters unchanged, only changing the outer diameter a of the radial protrusion structure to obtain a42S10 (i.e., a equal to 42mm and S equal to 10mm), a36S10 (i.e., a equal to 36mm and S equal to 10mm), and a33S10 (i.e., a equal to 33mm and S equal to 10mm), respectively.
(2) Keeping the outer diameter a of the radial protrusion structure 42mm and other parameters unchanged, only changing the setting period S to obtain a42S20 (i.e., a is 42mm, S is 20mm), a42S15 (i.e., a is 42mm, S is 15mm), and a42S6 (i.e., a is 42mm, S is 6mm), respectively.
Quantitative test analysis is carried out on the model test pieces with different parameter states, so that parameters with good noise suppression effect are found out, and meaningful reference is provided for further structural parameter optimization. The microphone of the embodiment adopts an 1/2-inch microphone 46AE type microphone of G.R.A.S., the sampling frequency of the microphone is set to be 51.2KHz during the experiment, and 20s of noise data is collected in each working condition. The specific test process comprises the following steps:
testing each model test piece in the model test pieces under different test working conditions to obtain noise test data;
and analyzing and obtaining the noise reduction effect and the noise suppression capability of the model test piece in different parameter states under different test working conditions based on the noise test data.
In the embodiment, 5 groups of different air flow velocities are set, wherein the air flow velocities are respectively 20m/s, 30m/s, 40m/s, 50m/s and 60m/s, and are used for simulating different test working conditions, so that the change condition of the noise reduction effect and the noise suppression capability of the radial protrusion structure under different working conditions are considered.
The noise spectrum diagram of the monitoring point Mic6 at the air flow speed of 60m/s shown in figures 3-4 and the typical result diagram of the azimuth total sound pressure level at the air flow speed of 60m/s shown in figures 5-6 are obtained by analyzing the noise signal collected by the microphone and the performance.
The typical result graphs of the noise frequency spectrum and the total sound pressure level of each azimuth angle obtained by the test of the invention are analyzed, and the change rule of the single-tone noise and the whole broadband noise in the frequency spectrum graph, the change characteristic of the total sound pressure level of each azimuth angle and the influence condition of the convex structure on the shedding vortex frequency are researched. 3-4, the outer diameter A of the radial convex structure has a good inhibiting effect on single-tone noise in a certain size range, the noise can be reduced by about 30dB at most, and the medium-high frequency noise is improved to a certain extent; the period S of the radial convex structure is changed, so that the single-tone noise suppression effect is poor, and the medium-high frequency noise suppression effect is good. As can be seen from the total sound pressure diagrams of fig. 5 to 6, the periodic microstructure noise reduction device parameter has a good noise suppression effect on each azimuth angle within a certain size range. In this embodiment, the smaller the outer diameter a of the radial protrusion structure is, the better the suppression effect is for both the single noise suppression effect and the suppression effect for each azimuth, as shown in fig. 4 and 6, it is obvious that the noise suppression effect of the model test piece a33S10 (i.e., (the outer diameter a of the radial protrusion structure-the reference cylinder diameter D)/the reference cylinder diameter D ═ 10%) having the smallest outer diameter size is better in the case of the same other sizes, and the noise suppression effect of the model test piece is better in the case of the same other sizes.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A noise suppression test system is characterized by comprising a noise elimination wind tunnel, a noise sensor and a model test piece;
the model test piece adopts a periodic microstructure noise reduction device and is arranged in the noise reduction wind tunnel; the periodic microstructure noise reduction device comprises a reference cylinder, wherein radial convex structures are periodically arranged on the reference cylinder along the axial direction, the diameter of the reference cylinder is D, the length of the reference cylinder is L, the period of each radial convex structure is S, the outer diameter of each radial convex structure is A, and the thickness of each radial convex structure is B;
and the noise sensors are arranged in the noise elimination wind tunnel in an arc array mode along the airflow direction by taking the center of the model test piece as the circle center.
2. The noise-rejection test system according to claim 1, comprising 9 of said noise sensors; and the flow direction of the air flow is taken as a reference, the angle range of an arc array formed by 9 noise sensors is 40-120 degrees, the angle between every two adjacent noise sensors is 10 degrees, and the radius length of the arc array is 1 m.
3. The noise suppression test system according to claim 1, wherein the model test piece is fixedly installed between side plates on both sides of the nozzle of the wind tunnel.
4. The noise suppression test system according to claim 1, wherein the noise sensor is a microphone, and the microphone sampling frequency is 51.2 KHz.
5. The noise suppression test system according to claim 1, wherein the wind tunnel is a 0.55m x 0.4m muffling wind tunnel.
6. A method of testing a noise suppression test system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
testing each model test piece of a plurality of pre-prepared model test pieces with different parameter states under different testing working conditions to obtain noise test data;
and analyzing and obtaining the noise reduction effect and the noise suppression capability of the model test piece in different parameter states under different test working conditions based on the noise test data.
7. The testing method according to claim 6, wherein the pre-preparation process specifically comprises:
keeping the diameter D of the cylinder, the length L of the cylinder, the period S of the radial convex structure and the thickness B of the radial convex structure unchanged, changing the outer diameter A of the radial convex structure, and preparing to obtain various model test pieces;
keeping the diameter D of the cylinder, the length L of the cylinder, the outer diameter A of the radial convex structure and the thickness B of the radial convex structure unchanged, changing the period S of the radial convex structure, and preparing and obtaining various model test pieces;
and keeping the diameter D of the cylinder, the length L of the cylinder, the outer diameter A of the radial convex structure and the period S of the radial convex structure unchanged, changing the thickness B of the radial convex structure, and preparing to obtain various model test pieces.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein the testing process uses multiple sets of test conditions at different airflow rates.
9. The periodic microstructure noise reduction device comprises a reference cylinder and is characterized in that a radial convex structure is periodically arranged on the reference cylinder along the axial direction, wherein the diameter of the reference cylinder is D, the length of the reference cylinder is L, the period of the radial convex structure is S, the outer diameter of the radial convex structure is A, and the thickness of the radial convex structure is B.
10. A periodic microstructure noise reducing device according to claim 9, wherein 0 < (A-D)/D ≦ 10%.
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| CN116735142B (en) * | 2023-08-14 | 2023-10-20 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳空气动力研究所 | Background noise suppression method for continuous transonic wind tunnel ventilation wall test section |
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