CN113514100A - Method for researching environmental factor change correlation - Google Patents
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- CN113514100A CN113514100A CN202110630451.3A CN202110630451A CN113514100A CN 113514100 A CN113514100 A CN 113514100A CN 202110630451 A CN202110630451 A CN 202110630451A CN 113514100 A CN113514100 A CN 113514100A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for researching the mutual relation of environmental factor changes, which comprises the following steps: s1, researching the correlation between the gradual leaf-widening trend of the subtropical coniferous forest and the changes of the environmental factors such as high temperature, drought and acid rain; s2, collecting the changes of forest biomass, death rate, accumulation amount and forest productivity of canopy photosynthesis under the interference of environmental factors such as temperature, precipitation and acid rain; s3, researching forest resource and productivity variation on a time scale; s4, researching the competitiveness among different forest plant species and the change of woody plant diversity indexes under the interference of environmental factors such as temperature, precipitation and acid rain; s5, performing a simulation test on the sample plot of the environmental factors of the young forest; s6, analyzing the intra-species and inter-species competition indexes of the coniferous trees and the broad leaf trees by adopting a Hegyi single-wood competition model to obtain the intra-species and inter-species competition strength of the trees and obtain the mutual relation of the environmental factor change.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of forestry development, and particularly relates to a method for researching an environmental factor change correlation.
Background
The forest is a land ecosystem with special significance and is a few positive factors capable of adjusting the environment to a certain extent. The forest ecosystem is the subject of the global terrestrial ecosystem and has high biological productivity and abundant biodiversity.
Although the global forest area occupies only about 35% of the global land area, the net forest productivity accounts for 70% of the land ecosystem and is a major component of the land ecosystem. For example, northern forests are converted into cold temperate forests, and northern forests are converted into warm temperate forests, the areas of the cold temperate forests and the tropical forests tend to increase, and the areas of the northern forests, the warm temperate forests and the subtropical forests decrease, so that a research method for the relationship among environmental factor changes is urgently needed to deal with sustainable forest operation under future environmental change conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides a method for researching the change correlation of environmental factors, which integrates the most important physiological process of forest canopy photosynthesis into a forest gap model and can effectively improve the accuracy of model prediction; besides the investigation of test sample plots to obtain forest parameters, plant phenotype analysis technology and space technology are also utilized to measure indexes of forest canopy photosynthesis, forest growth conditions, forest space structures and the like, scientificity of forest parameters and accuracy of data are effectively improved, and therefore sustainable management of subtropical forests is achieved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method for researching the mutual relation of environmental factor changes comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing and predicting the future change conditions of subtropical forest stand structure, forest productivity and forest competitiveness according to the interrelation between the trend of gradual leaf widening of the subtropical coniferous forest and the change of environmental factors such as high temperature, drought and acid rain;
s2, collecting the changes of forest biomass, mortality, accumulation and forest productivity of canopy photosynthesis under the interference of environmental factors such as temperature, precipitation and acid rain, and further determining the condition of conifer forest reduction in subtropical regions and the correlation between the conifer forest reduction and the environmental factors;
s3, researching forest resource and productivity change on a time scale, and acquiring data of forest resource investigation from relevant departments of forestry at all levels, wherein the data comprise area and accumulation change of forest resource groups at all ages in all periods, fading change of various forest land areas and accumulation, fading change of various forest tree seed areas and accumulation, and fading change value of main dominant tree seeds of forest stands; carrying out field investigation on a test sample plot to obtain the data, measuring the indexes of the photosynthesis of the canopy and the growth condition of the trees, analyzing the change of various resources of the subtropical forest in time, analyzing by combining environmental factors such as temperature, moisture and acid rain, and searching the change rule of the coniferous forest and the coniferous and broadleaf mixed forest along with the time and the relation between the coniferous forest and the broadleaf mixed forest and the environmental factors;
s4, researching the competitiveness among different forest plant species and the change of woody plant diversity indexes under the interference of environmental factors of temperature, precipitation and acid rain, and evaluating the change of forest ecosystem stability, thereby determining whether the reduction of subtropical conifer forest area is caused by the mutual competition of forest plants;
s5, performing simulation test on environmental factor sample plots of young forests, wherein the experiment is provided with 1 continuous temperature rise experiment (the temperature is continuously increased by 1.5 ℃ from the beginning to the end of the experiment; marked by H), 5 short-term temperature rise gradients (the temperature is increased by 0 ℃, 2 ℃, 4 ℃, 6 ℃, 8 ℃ and marked by H), 6 temperature rise treatments and two water addition gradients (W0 and W1 without water); the temperature increase experiment is realized by an MSR-2420 infrared heater, so that the temperature-power quantitative correspondence is realized; a 'false infrared heating lamp' with the same size as the infrared heater is also arranged at the same position of the control area and used for eliminating experimental errors and supplementing excessive water dissipated due to heating in a drip irrigation mode according to the transpiration amount of the water in the blades;
s6, calculating competition indexes of each competition tree to the object wood by adopting a Hegyi single-wood competition index model, and accumulating the competition indexes of N single trees to obtain competition strength of the trees in and among the seeds.
As a preferable technical solution, the relationship between the productivity and the habitat conditions of the coniferous forest and the coniferous and broadleaf mixed forest is determined in step S3, the young forest is subjected to simulation processing of temperature, precipitation and acid rain, the influence of environmental factors on the canopy photosynthesis of the coniferous forest and the coniferous and broadleaf mixed forest and the forest productivity of the tree growth condition are studied, and the dominant factor influencing the forest stand productivity is further clarified.
As a preferred technical scheme, the sample plot is arranged according to a typical sampling method of young forests, middle forests and mature forests, the selected measurement index is relative coverage, the measurement is carried out by taking base coverage as a reference and adopting a currently commonly used calculation mode, namely, the diversity of forest plants is researched by adopting an abundance index, a Simpson species diversity index, a Shannon-Wiener species diversity index and an Alatalo uniformity index.
As a preferred technical scheme, the effect evaluation module arranged in the ecosystem comprises an online image capturing device for real-time monitoring in the greenhouse and a computer for receiving, storing and displaying data information during the implementation of the ecosystem and monitoring and evaluating the regulation and control result of the data output execution module according to the information, wherein the real-time data information comprises a video signal acquired by the online image capturing device, an environmental factor signal received by the PLC controller and a data analysis result made by the PLC controller.
As a preferred technical solution, the effect evaluation module further includes a mobile device or other data receiving terminal connected to the computer through an external network system for remotely controlling the environment in the ecosystem, and the remote control of the environment in the ecosystem can be really realized by sharing the real-time information in the ecosystem to the mobile device or other data receiving terminal.
As a preferable technical solution, the competition analysis in step S6 is to set competition ranges in different forest lands, measure the breast diameters, heights and distances between the target trees and the competition trees, determine the competition ranges in the different forest lands according to the indexes of the radius of the forest gap in the sample land, the influence range of the upper trees and the tree height and crown width of the sample land, select the target trees and the competition trees from the main coniferous trees and broad-leaved trees in the forest lands, mark the target trees and the competition trees so as not to repeat, and measure the breast diameters, the heights and the distances between the target trees and the competition trees.
As a preferred technical scheme, an environmental factor acquisition device is arranged in an ecosystem, and transmits acquired environmental factor analog signals to an A/D converter through a multi-core shielded wire; the multi-core shielding wire can be simultaneously connected with various environment factor acquisition devices, information is collected and then transmitted, and inconvenience in setting of multiple lines is avoided.
As a preferred technical scheme, a multivariate environmental factor acquisition module is adopted in an ecosystem, each sensor in the multivariate environmental factor acquisition module transmits acquired data to a zigbee coordinator through a zigbee module, the zigbee coordinator serves as a leaf node and forwards and gathers the data to a root node through the zigbee module, and the root node uploads the acquired data to a server and a monitoring management terminal through a GPRS module or an NB-IoT communication module.
As a preferred technical scheme, the multi-element environmental factor acquisition module, the environmental factor acquisition equipment and the effect evaluation module are all connected through electric signals.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that: according to the mutual relationship between the trend of gradual leaf widening of the subtropical coniferous forest and the change of environmental factors such as high temperature, drought and acid rain, the change condition of the branch structure, forest productivity and forest competitiveness of the subtropical forest in the future is established and predicted, then the change of forest productivity of different forest biomass, death rate, accumulation amount and canopy photosynthesis under the interference of the environmental factors such as temperature, precipitation and acid rain is collected, the condition of needle forest reduction in the subtropical area and the mutual relationship between the needle forest reduction condition and the environmental factors are further clarified, the competition index of each competition tree to the target tree is finally calculated, the competition indexes among N single trees are accumulated, the competition strength in the tree species and among the species is obtained, and the mutual relationship of the change of the environmental factors is obtained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of studying the relationship between changes in environmental factors according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a system of modules of the method for studying the relationship between environmental factor changes according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-2, the present invention provides a method for studying the relationship between environmental factor changes, comprising the following steps:
s1, establishing and predicting the future change conditions of subtropical forest stand structure, forest productivity and forest competitiveness according to the interrelation between the trend of gradual leaf widening of the subtropical coniferous forest and the change of environmental factors such as high temperature, drought and acid rain;
s2, collecting the changes of forest biomass, mortality, accumulation and forest productivity of canopy photosynthesis under the interference of environmental factors such as temperature, precipitation and acid rain, and further determining the condition of conifer forest reduction in subtropical regions and the correlation between the conifer forest reduction and the environmental factors;
s3, researching forest resource and productivity change on a time scale, and acquiring data of forest resource investigation from relevant departments of forestry at all levels, wherein the data comprise area and accumulation change of forest resource groups at all ages in all periods, fading change of various forest land areas and accumulation, fading change of various forest tree seed areas and accumulation, and fading change value of main dominant tree seeds of forest stands; carrying out field investigation on a test sample plot to obtain the data, measuring the indexes of the photosynthesis of the canopy and the growth condition of the trees, analyzing the change of various resources of the subtropical forest in time, analyzing by combining environmental factors such as temperature, moisture and acid rain, and searching the change rule of the coniferous forest and the coniferous and broadleaf mixed forest along with the time and the relation between the coniferous forest and the broadleaf mixed forest and the environmental factors;
s4, researching the competitiveness among different forest plant species and the change of woody plant diversity indexes under the interference of environmental factors of temperature, precipitation and acid rain, and evaluating the change of forest ecosystem stability, thereby determining whether the reduction of subtropical conifer forest area is caused by the mutual competition of forest plants;
s5, performing simulation test on environmental factor sample plots of young forests, wherein the experiment is provided with 1 continuous temperature rise experiment (the temperature is continuously increased by 1.5 ℃ from the beginning to the end of the experiment; marked by H), 5 short-term temperature rise gradients (the temperature is increased by 0 ℃, 2 ℃, 4 ℃, 6 ℃, 8 ℃ and marked by H), 6 temperature rise treatments and two water addition gradients (W0 and W1 without water); the temperature increase experiment is realized by an MSR-2420 infrared heater, so that the temperature-power quantitative correspondence is realized; a 'false infrared heating lamp' with the same size as the infrared heater is also arranged at the same position of the control area and used for eliminating experimental errors and supplementing excessive water dissipated due to heating in a drip irrigation mode according to the transpiration amount of the water in the blades;
s6, calculating competition indexes of each competition tree to the object wood by adopting a Hegyi single-wood competition index model, and accumulating the competition indexes of N single trees to obtain competition strength of the trees in and among the seeds.
In step S3, the relationship between the conifer forest productivity and the conifer and broadleaf mixed forest productivity and the habitat conditions is determined, the young forest is subjected to simulation processing of temperature, precipitation and acid rain, the influence of environmental factors on the canopy photosynthesis of the conifer forest and the conifer and broadleaf mixed forest productivity and the forest productivity of the tree growth condition are researched, and the dominant factor influencing the forest stand productivity is further determined.
The method comprises the steps of setting sample plots according to young forests, middle forests and mature forests, adopting a typical sampling method, adopting relative coverage as a selected measurement index, taking base coverage as a reference, and adopting a currently and commonly used calculation mode to measure, namely adopting a abundance index, a Simpson species diversity index, a Shannon-Wiener species diversity index and an Alatalo uniformity index to research the diversity of forest plants.
The effect evaluation module is arranged in the ecological system and comprises an online image capturing device for monitoring in real time in the greenhouse and a computer for receiving, storing and displaying real-time data information in the ecological system and monitoring and evaluating a regulation and control result of the data output execution module according to the information, wherein the real-time data information comprises a video signal acquired by the online image capturing device, an environmental factor signal received by the PLC controller and a data analysis result made by the PLC controller.
The effect evaluation and monitoring module further comprises a mobile device or other data receiving terminals which are connected with the computer through an external network system and realize remote control on the environment in the ecosystem, and the remote control on the environment in the ecosystem can be really realized by sharing real-time information in the ecosystem to the mobile device or other data receiving terminals.
The competition analysis in step S6 is to set competition ranges in different forest lands, determine the breast diameters, heights, and distances between the target trees and the competition trees, determine the competition ranges in the different forest lands according to the indexes of the radius of the forest gap in the sample plot, the influence range of the upper trees, the tree height of the sample plot, and the crown width, select the target trees and the competition trees from the main coniferous trees and the broad-leaved trees in the forest lands, mark the target trees and the competition trees so as not to repeat, and measure the breast diameters, the heights, and the distances between the target trees and the competition trees.
The ecological system is provided with an environmental factor acquisition device, and the environmental factor acquisition device transmits acquired environmental factor analog signals to the A/D converter through a multi-core shielded wire; the multi-core shielding wire can be simultaneously connected with various environment factor acquisition devices, information is collected and then transmitted, and inconvenience in setting of multiple lines is avoided.
The ecological system adopts a multi-element environment factor acquisition module, each sensor in the multi-element environment factor acquisition module transmits acquired data to a zigbee coordinator through a zigbee module, the zigbee coordinator serves as a leaf node and forwards and gathers the data to a root node through the zigbee module, and the root node adopts a GPRS module or an NB-IoT communication module to upload the acquired data to a server and a monitoring management terminal.
The multi-element environmental factor acquisition module, the environmental factor acquisition equipment and the effect evaluation module are all connected through electric signals.
Example 2
The ecological system is provided with an environmental factor sensor, the environmental factor sensor comprises an air temperature and humidity sensor, a soil temperature and humidity sensor and a carbon dioxide concentration sensor, and the environmental factor sensor further comprises an electromagnetic valve or a relay for opening or closing the environmental factor regulation and control equipment according to the analysis signal of the PLC through the data output execution module.
Example 3
Selecting a proper forest stand growth and harvesting model according to the independent variable information of tree species, regions, origins and model equations according to parameters (corresponding parameters generated by the change of forest biomass, death rate, accumulation amount and canopy photosynthesis forest productivity under the interference of environmental factors such as temperature, precipitation and acid rain collected in step S2) input by a user, and reading a forest stand growth and harvesting model equation and the value of the independent variable field; establishing a corresponding replacement relation between the user parameters and the independent variable field values, and replacing the independent variable symbols in the forest stand growth and harvest model equation with the user parameters to form a forest stand growth and harvest model equation character string; and executing forest stand growth and harvesting the model equation character string by using a SELECT statement, acquiring a calculated value, and completing the analysis of the model equation.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications, substitutions and improvements can be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or to some of the technical features of the embodiments, and any modification, substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for researching the mutual relation of environmental factor changes is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing and predicting the future change conditions of subtropical forest stand structure, forest productivity and forest competitiveness according to the interrelation between the trend of gradual leaf widening of the subtropical coniferous forest and the change of environmental factors such as high temperature, drought and acid rain;
s2, collecting the changes of forest biomass, death rate, accumulation amount and forest productivity of canopy photosynthesis under the interference of environmental factors such as temperature, precipitation and acid rain, and further determining the condition of conifer forest reduction in subtropical regions and the correlation between the conifer forest reduction and the environmental factors;
s3, researching forest resource and productivity change on a time scale, and acquiring data of forest resource investigation from relevant departments of forestry at all levels, wherein the data comprise area and accumulation change of forest resources at all ages in all periods, area and accumulation growth change of various forest lands, growth change of area and accumulation of various forest tree species and growth change value of main dominant tree species of forest stands; then carrying out field investigation on a test sample plot to obtain the data, determining indexes of canopy photosynthesis and tree growth conditions, analyzing the change of various resources of the subtropical forest in time, analyzing the change in combination with environmental factors such as temperature, moisture and acid rain, and searching the change rule of coniferous forests and coniferous and broad mixed forests along with time and the relation between the coniferous forests and the broad mixed forests and the environmental factors;
s4, researching the competitiveness among different forest plant species and the change of woody plant diversity indexes under the interference of environmental factors of temperature, precipitation and acid rain, and evaluating the change of forest ecosystem stability so as to determine whether the reduction of subtropical conifer forest area is caused by the mutual competition of forest plants;
s5, performing simulation test on environmental factor sample plots of young forests, wherein the experiment is provided with 1 continuous temperature rise experiment (the temperature is continuously increased by 1.5 ℃ from the beginning to the end of the experiment; marked by H), 5 short-term temperature rise gradients (the temperature is increased by 0 ℃, 2 ℃, 4 ℃, 6 ℃, 8 ℃ and marked by H), 6 temperature rise treatments and two water addition gradients (W0 and W1 without water); the temperature increase experiment is realized by an MSR-2420 infrared heater, so that the temperature-power quantitative correspondence is realized; a 'false infrared heating lamp' with the same size as the infrared heater is also arranged at the same position of the control area and used for eliminating experimental errors and supplementing excessive water dissipated due to heating according to the transpiration amount of the water in the blades and the drip irrigation mode;
s6, analyzing the competition indexes of the coniferous trees and the broad leaf trees in and among the seeds by adopting a Hegyi single tree competition index model, firstly calculating the competition index of each competition tree to the object tree, and accumulating the competition indexes among N single trees to obtain the competition strength of the trees in and among the seeds.
2. The method for studying the relationship between environmental factor changes as claimed in claim 1, wherein: determining the relationship between the conifer forest productivity and the conifer and broadleaf mixed forest productivity and the habitat conditions in the step S3, namely performing simulation treatment on the young forest by temperature, precipitation and acid rain, researching the influence of environmental factors on canopy photosynthesis of the conifer forest and the conifer and broadleaf mixed forest productivity and forest productivity of tree growth conditions, and further determining the leading factor influencing forest stand productivity.
3. The method for studying the relationship between environmental factor changes as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the sample plot is set according to a typical sampling method for young forests, middle-aged forests and mature forests, the selected measurement index is relative coverage, the base coverage is taken as a reference, and the measurement is carried out by adopting a currently and commonly used calculation mode, namely, the diversity of forest plants is researched by adopting a abundance index, a Simpson species diversity index, a Shannon-Wiener species diversity index and an Alatalo uniformity index.
4. The method for studying the relationship between environmental factor changes as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the steps that an effect evaluation module is arranged in an ecosystem, the effect evaluation module comprises an online image capturing device used for real-time monitoring in a greenhouse, and the online image capturing device is used for receiving, storing and displaying data information in the ecosystem and carrying out monitoring and evaluation calculation on the regulation and control result of a data output execution module according to the information; the real-time data information comprises video signals collected by the online image capturing equipment, environment factor signals received by the PLC and data analysis results made by the PLC.
5. The method for studying the relationship between environmental factor changes as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the effect evaluation and monitoring module also comprises a mobile device or other data receiving terminals which are connected with the computer through an external network system and realize remote control on the environment in the ecosystem, and the remote monitoring on the environment in the ecosystem can be really realized by sharing the real-time information in the ecosystem to the mobile device or other data receiving terminals.
6. The method for studying the relationship between environmental factor changes as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the competition analysis in step S6 is to set competition ranges in different forest lands, determine the breast diameters, heights, and distances between the target trees and the competition trees, determine the competition ranges in the different forest lands according to the indexes of the radius of the forest gap in the sample plot, the influence range of the upper trees, the tree heights and the crown widths of the sample plot, select the main coniferous trees and the broad leaf trees in the forest lands as the target trees and the competition trees, mark the target trees and the competition trees so as not to repeat, and measure the breast diameters, the heights, and the distances between the target trees and the competition trees.
7. The method for studying the relationship between environmental factor changes as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the ecological system is provided with an environmental factor acquisition device, and the environmental factor acquisition device transmits acquired environmental factor analog signals to the A/D converter through a multi-core shielded wire; the multi-core shielding wire can be simultaneously connected with various environment factor acquisition devices, information is collected and then transmitted, and inconvenience in setting of multiple lines is avoided.
8. The method for studying the relationship between environmental factor changes as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the ecological system adopts a multi-element environment factor acquisition module, each sensor in the multi-element environment factor acquisition module transmits acquired data to a zigbee coordinator through a zigbee module, the zigbee coordinator serves as a leaf node and forwards and gathers the data to a root node through the zigbee module, and the root node adopts a GPRS module or an NB-IoT communication module to upload the acquired data to a server and a monitoring management terminal.
9. The method according to claim 7, wherein the correlation between environmental factor changes is determined by: the multi-element environmental factor acquisition module, the environmental factor acquisition equipment and the effect evaluation module are all connected through electric signals.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115131517A (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-09-30 | 中国林业科学研究院资源信息研究所 | Competition visual model based on internal and external competition influence rings |
| CN116050188A (en) * | 2023-03-30 | 2023-05-02 | 南京农业大学 | Method, system and device for modeling wheat flower posterior canopy evapotranspiration |
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2021
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115131517A (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-09-30 | 中国林业科学研究院资源信息研究所 | Competition visual model based on internal and external competition influence rings |
| CN115131517B (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2024-03-15 | 中国林业科学研究院资源信息研究所 | Visual competition model based on internal and external competition influence circles |
| CN116050188A (en) * | 2023-03-30 | 2023-05-02 | 南京农业大学 | Method, system and device for modeling wheat flower posterior canopy evapotranspiration |
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