CN113513377B - Steam turbine for recycling waste heat of ultralow-temperature low-pressure esterification steam - Google Patents
Steam turbine for recycling waste heat of ultralow-temperature low-pressure esterification steam Download PDFInfo
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- CN113513377B CN113513377B CN202110594654.1A CN202110594654A CN113513377B CN 113513377 B CN113513377 B CN 113513377B CN 202110594654 A CN202110594654 A CN 202110594654A CN 113513377 B CN113513377 B CN 113513377B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
- F01D11/02—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages by non-contact sealings, e.g. of labyrinth type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
- F01D11/02—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages by non-contact sealings, e.g. of labyrinth type
- F01D11/04—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages by non-contact sealings, e.g. of labyrinth type using sealing fluid, e.g. steam
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/30—Exhaust heads, chambers, or the like
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Abstract
The application relates to the field of ultralow-temperature low-pressure esterification steam application, in particular to a steam turbine for ultralow-temperature low-pressure esterification steam waste heat recovery, which comprises an anti-corrosion steam inlet mechanism, a steam turbine body connected to the steam outlet end of the anti-corrosion steam inlet mechanism, a generator connected to the steam turbine body, a waste steam collecting mechanism connected to the steam outlet end of the steam turbine body, and an anti-corrosion vacuumizing mechanism connected to the waste steam collecting mechanism; the steam turbine body comprises a row cylinder made of stainless steel, an inner cylinder arranged in the row cylinder, a reinforcing outer support assembly fixedly connected between the row cylinder and the inner cylinder, and oblique support assemblies fixed at the bottoms of two sides of the row cylinder. This application has the recovery efficiency that improves the steam waste heat of esterifying to and reduce the effect of the fortune dimension cost of the steam treatment facility of esterifying.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of ultralow-temperature low-pressure esterification steam application, in particular to a steam turbine for ultralow-temperature low-pressure esterification steam waste heat recovery.
Background
The low-grade steam refers to low-grade steam (which cannot be driven by a conventional steam turbine), such as byproduct steam of some process devices, low-grade steam flashed by high-pressure hot water and drum steam for steelmaking, and relates to the fields of chemical industry, coal chemical industry, medicines, hazardous wastes and the like, and the steam can contain products such as corrosion and toxicity. Taking the corrosive esterification steam as an example, the steam is generally subjected to emptying treatment by an original device after being cooled by an air cooler, and the air cooler is adopted for cooling, so that not only can the cost not be recovered, but also the steam needs to be put into the public engineering consumption of cooling equipment, and great energy waste is caused.
In the prior art, the ORC screw compressor has low requirements on the quality of steam, and an ORC unit is usually adopted to generate power by depending on the waste heat of the low-pressure saturated steam; when large-displacement esterification steam is treated, as the treatment efficiency of a single ORC screw compressor is low, a plurality of ORC screw compressors are required to be connected in parallel, and the problems of high operation and maintenance cost and low efficiency exist.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the recovery efficiency of the esterification steam waste heat and reduce the operation and maintenance cost of the esterification steam treatment equipment, the application provides a steam turbine for ultralow-temperature low-pressure esterification steam waste heat recovery.
The application provides a steam turbine for ultralow temperature low pressure esterification steam waste heat recovery adopts following technical scheme:
a steam turbine for recycling the residual heat of ultralow-temperature low-pressure esterification steam comprises an anti-corrosion steam inlet mechanism, a steam turbine body connected to the steam outlet end of the anti-corrosion steam inlet mechanism, a generator connected to the steam turbine body, a waste steam collecting mechanism connected to the steam outlet end of the steam turbine body, and an anti-corrosion vacuumizing mechanism connected to the waste steam collecting mechanism; the steam turbine body comprises a row cylinder made of stainless steel, an inner cylinder arranged in the row cylinder, a reinforcing outer support assembly fixedly connected between the row cylinder and the inner cylinder, and oblique support assemblies fixed at the bottoms of two sides of the row cylinder.
By adopting the technical scheme, the steam turbine has higher absorption efficiency when absorbing the steam waste heat compared with an ORC screw compressor, but the existing steam turbine is mainly used for steam with less impurities, and the problem of inapplicability exists for esterification steam, the inapplicability is mainly embodied in materials and a series of problems caused by the materials, and therefore the steam turbine is not successfully adapted to the recycling of the esterification steam waste heat at present. In the application, the material of the steam turbine body is changed into the stainless steel which is not corroded by esterified steam through adjustment, in addition, when the anti-corrosion vacuumizing mechanism operates, the arrangement of the outer support component is strengthened, the problem that the exhaust cylinder made of the stainless steel material seriously contracts inwards due to insufficient hardness is solved, and the problem that the supporting force of the exhaust cylinder is insufficient due to the arrangement of the inclined support component is solved; finally, through the arrangement, the preheating of the esterification steam absorbed by the steam turbine becomes practical, and compared with the heat recovery of an ORC screw compressor, the heat recovery of the steam turbine is more efficient. And the steam treatment efficiency of the steam turbine is higher than that of the ORC screw compressor, so that when large-flow esterification steam is treated, a plurality of steam turbines are not needed, and the later operation and maintenance cost is reduced.
Preferably, the cylinder arrangement comprises a first lower cylinder body, a first upper cylinder body and a steam outlet transition body which are sequentially spliced from bottom to top, and the inner cylinder comprises a second lower cylinder body and a second upper cylinder body which are sequentially spliced from bottom to top; the first lower cylinder body is fixedly connected with the second lower cylinder body, a reinforcing outer support assembly is connected between the first lower cylinder body and the second lower cylinder body, the first upper cylinder body is fixedly connected with the second upper cylinder body, and a reinforcing outer support assembly is also connected between the first upper cylinder body and the second upper cylinder body.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, because parts such as the outside subassembly that props of strengthening are equipped with to steam turbine body inside, the structure is comparatively complicated, and in this scheme, through making row's jar and the equal components of the inner casing setting of dividing, then be favorable to subsequent production and processing.
Preferably, a plurality of reinforcing ring ribs which are arranged at intervals along the vertical direction are fixed on the peripheral wall of the row cylinder.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, at the operation in-process, the suction of anticorrosion evacuation mechanism can lead to arranging the inside negative pressure of jar, then arrange the problem of jar outer wall in order to appear the indent, the support intensity of row jar outer wall can be strengthened to above-mentioned setting, reduces indent probability.
Preferably, a shaft seal structure is further mounted on the steam turbine body, the shaft seal structure comprises a steam seal shaft barrel for being sleeved on the periphery of a main shaft of the steam turbine body, and a first steam seal body and a second steam seal body which are sleeved on the periphery of the steam seal shaft barrel in a clearance manner, a labyrinth steam seal structure is arranged between the outer wall of the steam seal shaft barrel and the inner wall of the first steam seal body, and a labyrinth steam seal structure is also arranged between the outer wall of the steam seal shaft barrel and the inner wall of the second steam seal body; first gland casing and second gland casing are arranged along gland shaft section of thick bamboo axial, and are equipped with malleation admission passageway between first gland casing and the second gland casing, and it has the negative pressure to go out the outer wall of vapour passageway and negative pressure play vapour passageway intercommunication gland shaft section of thick bamboo to open on the first gland casing, and malleation admission passageway is closer to the inside of steam turbine body than negative pressure play vapour passageway.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through letting in malleation working medium vapour to malleation admission passageway, the steam of esterifying promptly to this internal esterification steam of separation steam turbine reveals, and unnecessary working medium vapour will be followed negative pressure play steam passageway and run out, can not reveal in the air, thereby guaranteed the safe non-toxicity of surrounding environment, the esterification steam treatment of adaptation in this scheme.
Preferably, the first steam sealing body is provided with an air backflow preventing structure, and the air backflow preventing structure is arranged on one side of the negative pressure steam outlet channel far away from the positive pressure steam inlet channel; the air backflow preventing structure comprises a mounting groove formed in the inner wall of the first steam sealing body, a tooth piece arranged in the mounting groove and an elastic piece arranged at the bottom of the mounting groove and applying an acting force to the tooth piece in a direction away from the bottom of the mounting groove; when the elastic piece is tightly propped against the tooth piece, one end of the tooth piece is propped against the steam seal shaft barrel.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, establish the structure of flowing backward of blow air through adding, then when starting the negative pressure steam absorption in the negative pressure steam outlet channel, in the outside air is difficult for advancing to the negative pressure steam outlet channel, then can guarantee the esterification steam purity of output in the negative pressure steam outlet channel as far as possible to do benefit to follow-up recovery to this part esterification steam.
Preferably, the structure of preventing that air flows backward still includes the inner ring of joint in the mounting groove, and the pick includes sealing section and spacing section, and spacing section presss from both sides tightly between elastic component and inner ring and the inner ring prevents that spacing section from deviating from the mounting groove, and the sealing section stretches out the mounting groove and with gland packing shaft's outer wall looks butt.
By adopting the technical scheme, the anti-falling performance of the tooth piece can be improved, and the assembling difficulty can be reduced when the shaft seal structure is assembled.
Preferably, the structure of preventing that air flows backward still includes the tooth bluff piece of installing in the mounting groove, and the one end of tooth bluff piece stretches out the mounting groove and with the outer wall clearance fit of gland bush, a lateral wall of tooth bluff piece and a lateral wall of seal section paste.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, because the steam seal in-process, partial outside air can follow the labyrinth steam seal and inwards flow, and the air that flows can lead to the fact the extrusion to the flight, above-mentioned structure can restrict because of the gas extrusion leads to the excessive probability of not hard up, skew of flight.
Preferably, a movable gap is reserved between the inner ring and the wall of the mounting groove, the movable gap is positioned on one side of the inner ring, which is far away from the negative pressure steam outlet channel, the sealing section penetrates out of the movable gap, and the tooth protection sheet is clamped between the sealing section and the wall of the mounting groove; a mounting groove is formed in the bottom of the mounting groove, a mounting head is fixed to one end, away from the steam seal shaft barrel, of the tooth protection piece, the mounting head is embedded in the mounting groove, and a filler steel wire is arranged in the mounting head; the elastic component is a spring piece, the spring piece comprises two ends and a wave waist, the two ends of the spring piece are respectively and tightly propped against the side wall of the mounting groove wall and the tooth protection piece, and the wave waist is tightly propped against the space between the bottom of the mounting groove and the inner ring.
By adopting the technical scheme, in order to improve the sealing performance of the shaft seal structure, the end part of the tooth piece is directly abutted against the outer wall of the steam seal shaft barrel, but the outer wall of the steam seal shaft barrel is easily damaged by the arrangement, and the better sealing performance is also volatilized over time; therefore, the tooth guard sheet is designed to slightly rotate around the mounting head, the tooth guard sheet can slightly rotate by specifically depending on the twistability of the filler steel wire, so that steam in the labyrinth gland can push the tooth guard sheet and the tooth sheet to slightly rotate in the movable gap in the operation process, and the end part of the tooth sheet can slightly keep away from the outer wall of the gland shaft barrel; at this moment, still have better leakproofness, can reduce the damage to the gland sealing shaft section outer wall simultaneously, in addition, because the pick takes place to swing, the tip of spacing section begins upwards outwards perk to the wave waist of extrusion spring leaf, then the both ends of spring leaf are further outwards popped, the tooth fender piece receives the further extrusion of spring leaf, then has the trend of reseing, in other words, because there is the spring leaf of above-mentioned structure, then pick piece and tooth fender piece upset degree are bigger, the spring leaf gives the reset power of tooth fender piece just stronger, be equivalent to, under the effect of spring leaf, the tip of sealing section is only allowed the short distance to deviate from the gland sealing shaft section outer wall, thereby guaranteed the leakproofness.
Preferably, the anti-corrosion steam inlet mechanism comprises a steam inlet main pipe and a plurality of branch sub-pipes connected to the steam inlet main pipe, each branch sub-pipe is connected with the steam inlet end of the steam turbine body, the anti-corrosion steam inlet mechanism further comprises a plurality of regulating valves, and each regulating valve correspondingly controls the flow of steam in one branch sub-pipe.
By adopting the technical scheme, the steam treatment with large discharge capacity usually needs a conveying pipeline with a large nominal diameter, taking the steam treatment with the flow of 30-32T/H as an example, the nominal diameter of the matched inlet pipeline needs DN700mm, and no regulating valve which is adaptive to the conveying pipeline with the large nominal diameter exists in the market, and if the regulating valve is customized, the cost is high, so the scheme reduces the selection requirement and the cost of the regulating valve by shunting the steam into a plurality of sub-pipes.
Preferably, the anti-corrosion steam inlet mechanism further comprises a steam-water separator, the steam-water separator is arranged at the steam inlet end of the anti-corrosion steam inlet mechanism, a steam inlet and a steam outlet are formed in the steam-water separator, and the steam inlet main pipe is connected to the steam outlet.
By adopting the technical scheme, because the temperature is about 102 ℃ during the discharge of the esterification steam, the esterification steam is in a low-temperature and low-pressure state and belongs to saturated esterification steam, a large amount of liquid water can be generated in the transmission process, and if the part of liquid water enters the steam turbine, the operation safety of the steam turbine can be influenced, therefore, the esterification steam conveyed by the main pipe in the scheme needs to be lifted to dryness by the steam-water separator, and then can enter the steam turbine body.
To sum up, this application includes following at least one kind is used for the beneficial technological effect of the steam turbine of ultralow temperature low pressure esterification steam waste heat recovery:
1. the scheme improves the steam turbine to enable the steam turbine to be suitable for the esterification steam, thereby improving the heat energy recovery efficiency of the original treatment of the esterification steam by using an ORC screw compressor;
2. by improving the steam turbine, the main problems to be solved are the problems of corrosion protection, sealing, and large discharge mismatch.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a steam turbine according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a portion of the apparatus of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a portion of the steam turbine body of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic partially exploded view of the steam turbine body of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the construction of the first and second lower cylinders of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the construction of the first upper cylinder and the second upper cylinder in FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the shaft seal structure of FIG. 3;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the shaft seal structure of FIG. 3;
fig. 9 is an enlarged schematic view at a in fig. 8.
Description of the reference numerals: 1. an anti-corrosion steam inlet mechanism; 11. a steam-water separator; 12. a steam inlet main pipe; 13. a shunt sub-tube; 14. a connecting pipe; 15. a stop valve; 16. adjusting a valve; 2. a steam turbine body; 21. arranging cylinders; 211. a first lower cylinder; 212. a first upper cylinder; 213. a steam outlet transition body; 22. an inner cylinder; 221. a second lower cylinder; 222. a second upper cylinder; 23. a reinforcing outer support assembly; 24. an oblique support component; 25. a flange ring; 26. a reinforcing plate; 27. reinforcing ring ribs; 3. an anti-corrosion vacuumizing mechanism; 4. a waste steam collecting mechanism; 41. a voltage stabilizing box; 42. a condenser; 5. a shaft seal structure; 51. a gland sealing shaft cylinder; 52. a first vapor seal body; 53. a second vapor seal body; 54. a positive pressure steam inlet passage; 55. a negative pressure steam outlet channel; 6. an air backflow prevention structure; 61. mounting grooves; 62. a tooth sheet; 621. a sealing section; 622. a limiting section; 63. an elastic member; 64. an inner ring; 65. a tooth guard; 66. a movable gap; 67. a placing groove; 68. arranging a head; 69. a filler wire; 7. an oil station; 8. an electric generator.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-9.
The embodiment of the application discloses a steam turbine for ultralow-temperature low-pressure esterification steam waste heat recovery.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the steam turbine includes an anti-corrosion steam inlet mechanism 1, a steam turbine body 2 connected to the steam outlet of the anti-corrosion steam inlet mechanism 1, a generator 8 connected to the steam turbine body 2, a waste steam collecting mechanism 4 connected to the steam outlet of the steam turbine body 2, an anti-corrosion vacuumizing mechanism 3 connected to the waste steam collecting mechanism 4, and an oil station 7 for supplying oil; the esterified steam enters from the anti-corrosion steam inlet mechanism 1 and is shunted, then enters the steam turbine body 2 for heat energy conversion, the converted mechanical energy is transmitted to the generator 8, and the steam which consumes the heat energy enters the waste steam collecting mechanism 4 under the action of the anti-corrosion vacuumizing mechanism 3.
Referring to fig. 2, the anti-corrosion steam inlet mechanism 1 includes a steam-water separator 11, a steam inlet main pipe 12 connected to the steam-water separator 11, and a plurality of branch sub-pipes 13 connected to the steam inlet main pipe 12, where each branch sub-pipe 13 is connected to a steam inlet end of the steam turbine body 2, and in this embodiment, four branch sub-pipes 13 may be selected; the steam-water separator 11 comprises a steam inlet and two steam outlets, two ends of the steam inlet main pipe 12 are both connected with a connecting pipe 14, the two connecting pipes 14 are respectively connected with the two steam outlets, and two ends of the steam inlet main pipe 12 are both connected with stop valves 15; the anti-corrosion steam inlet mechanism 1 further comprises a plurality of regulating valves 16, and each regulating valve 16 correspondingly controls the steam flow in one branch sub-pipe 13.
It is worth to be noted that, the pressure of the esterification steam is about 1 to 8kpa, the temperature is about 102 ℃, a set of polyester device which produces 60 ten thousand tons every year is taken as an example, the flow rate is about 30 to 32T/H, according to a pipeline calculation program, the nominal diameter of an inlet pipeline matched with the esterification steam needs DN700mm, and no regulating valve 16 which is suitable for a conveying pipeline with the large nominal diameter is arranged on the market, and if the regulating valve is customized, the cost is higher, so the scheme reduces the selection requirement and the cost of the regulating valve 16 by shunting the steam into a plurality of sub-pipes.
In addition, when the esterification steam is discharged, the temperature is about 102 ℃, the esterification steam is in a low-temperature and low-pressure state and belongs to saturated esterification steam, so a large amount of liquid water is generated in the transmission process, and if the liquid water enters the steam turbine, the operation safety of the steam turbine is affected, therefore, the esterification steam conveyed by the main pipe in the scheme can enter the steam turbine body 2 after the dryness of the esterification steam is improved by the steam-water separator 11.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the steam turbine body 2 includes a casing 21 made of stainless steel, an inner casing 22 disposed inside the casing 21, a reinforcing outer support assembly 23 fixedly connected between the casing 21 and the inner casing 22, an inclined support assembly 24 fixed to the bottom of both sides of the casing 21, and a rotor mechanism (not shown).
The cylinder discharge 21 comprises a first lower cylinder body 211, a first upper cylinder body 212 and a steam outlet transition body 213 which are sequentially spliced from bottom to top, and the inner cylinder 22 comprises a second lower cylinder body 221 and a second upper cylinder body 222 which are sequentially spliced from bottom to top; the first lower cylinder body 211 is fixedly connected with the second lower cylinder body 221, a reinforcing outer support assembly 23 is connected between the first lower cylinder body 211 and the second lower cylinder body 221, the first upper cylinder body 212 is fixedly connected with the second upper cylinder body 222, and the reinforcing outer support assembly 23 is also connected between the first upper cylinder body 212 and the second upper cylinder body 222; the reinforced external support group is used for reducing the probability of excessive concave of the side wall due to suction force in the operation process of the equipment. The diagonal support member 24 serves to enhance the gravitational support capability of the bottom of the entire bank of cylinders 21.
The impeller and part of the rotating shaft in the rotor mechanism are arranged in the inner cylinder 22, four steam inlets are arranged on one side of the exhaust cylinder 21, each steam inlet is connected with one sub-flow dividing pipe 13, the esterified steam is guided by the steam inlets and enters the inner cylinder 22, and under the action of the impeller and other components, the esterified steam expands to do work, so that the conversion of heat energy to mechanical energy is realized, the mechanical energy is transmitted outwards through the rotating shaft, and finally the esterified steam acts on the generator 8 to realize power generation. And the converted esterification vapor is discharged upward from the vapor outlet transition body 213 to the back-end mechanism.
The outer edge of the upper port of the first lower cylinder body 211 is provided with a flange ring 25, a circle of flange ring 25 is provided with a plurality of holes which are arranged at intervals, the outer edge of the lower port of the first upper cylinder body 212 is also provided with a flange ring 25, the flange ring 25 is also provided with a plurality of holes which are arranged at intervals, and the first lower cylinder body 211 and the first upper cylinder body 212 are in sealing connection by virtue of the flange structure; the outer edge of the upper port of the first upper cylinder body 212 is also provided with a flange ring 25 which is matched with the flange ring 25 at the outer edge of the lower port of the steam outlet transition body 213 to realize sealing connection. Similarly, the outer edge of the upper port of the second lower cylinder 221 is provided with a flange ring 25, and the flange ring 25 is matched with the outer edge of the lower port of the second upper cylinder 222 to realize sealing connection.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the reinforcing outer brace group includes a plurality of rods or rod groups welded into the first upper cylinder 212 or the first lower cylinder 211, and mainly aims to reinforce the structural strength between the first upper cylinder 212 and the second upper cylinder 222, reduce the degree of concavity of the bank cylinders 21 during operation, and reinforce the structural strength between the first lower cylinder 211 and the second lower cylinder 221.
Referring to fig. 4, two vertically arranged and vertically cross-connected reinforcing plates 26 are fixed in the steam outlet transition body 213, and the reinforcing plates 26 are used for improving the strength of the steam outlet transition body 213. A plurality of reinforcing ring ribs 27 are fixed on the peripheral wall of the row cylinder 21 and are arranged at intervals along the vertical direction.
Referring to fig. 7 and 8, a shaft seal structure 5 is further installed on the steam turbine body 2, and the shaft seal structure 5 is used for reducing the leakage of the toxic esterification steam, so that the production environment-friendly requirement is met; the shaft seal structure 5 comprises a gland seal shaft barrel 51 sleeved on the periphery of the main shaft of the steam turbine body 2, a first gland seal body 52 and a second gland seal body 53 sleeved on the periphery of the gland seal shaft barrel 51 in a clearance mode, a labyrinth gland seal structure is arranged between the outer wall of the gland seal shaft barrel 51 and the inner wall of the first gland seal body 52, and a labyrinth gland seal structure is also arranged between the outer wall of the gland seal shaft barrel 51 and the inner wall of the second gland seal body 53; the first steam seal body 52 and the second steam seal body 53 are axially arranged along the steam seal shaft barrel 51, a positive pressure steam inlet channel 54 is arranged between the first steam seal body 52 and the second steam seal body 53, a negative pressure steam outlet channel 55 is formed in the first steam seal body 52, the negative pressure steam outlet channel 55 is communicated with the outer wall of the steam seal shaft barrel 51, and the positive pressure steam inlet channel 54 is closer to the inside of the steam turbine body 2 than the negative pressure steam outlet channel 55;
outside malleation working medium steam, the steam source of esterifying promptly can introduce one branch and go into in malleation admission passageway 54 to the esterified steam in the separation steam turbine body 2 reveals, and unnecessary working medium steam will go out from negative pressure play steam passageway 55, can not reveal in the air, thereby has guaranteed the safe nontoxic of surrounding environment, the esterification steam treatment of adaptation in this scheme. And the esterification steam discharged from the negative pressure steam outlet channel 55 is led into the waste steam collecting mechanism 4, the waste steam collecting mechanism 4 comprises a pressure stabilizing box 41 and a condenser 42, part of heat energy in the low-temperature esterification steam can be transferred to condensate water through the condenser 42, and the subsequent steam is condensed into esterification water, discharged to a user waste water collecting position through a condensate water pump, and is uniformly treated and reused.
Referring to fig. 8 and 9, a plurality of air backflow preventing structures 6 are installed on the first steam sealing body 52, the air backflow preventing structures 6 are arranged on one side of the negative pressure steam outlet channel 55 far away from the positive pressure steam inlet channel 54 and are axially arranged along the steam sealing shaft barrel 51 at intervals, and through additionally arranging the air backflow preventing structures, when negative pressure steam suction starts in the negative pressure steam outlet channel 55, external air cannot easily enter the negative pressure steam outlet channel 55, so that the purity of esterified steam output in the negative pressure steam outlet channel 55 can be ensured as far as possible, and subsequent recovery of the part of esterified steam is facilitated.
The air backflow preventing structure 6 comprises a mounting groove 61 formed in the inner wall of the first steam sealing body 52, a tooth piece 62 arranged in the mounting groove 61, an elastic piece 63 arranged at the bottom of the mounting groove 61 and applying an acting force to the tooth piece 62 in a direction away from the bottom of the mounting groove 61, and an inner ring 64 clamped in the mounting groove 61. A movable gap 66 is reserved between the inner ring 64 and one of the groove walls of the mounting groove 61, and the movable gap 66 is positioned on one side of the inner ring 64 far away from the negative pressure steam outlet channel 55; the tooth sheet 62 comprises a sealing section 621 and a limiting section 622, the sealing section 621 and the limiting section 622 are vertically arranged, the limiting section 622 is clamped between the elastic part 63 and the inner ring 64, the inner ring 64 prevents the limiting section 622 from coming out of the mounting groove 61, and the sealing section 621 extends out of the movable gap 66 and is abutted to the outer wall of the gland sealing shaft barrel 51; wherein, the teeth 62 can be provided with two pieces in a stacked structure.
The air backflow preventing structure 6 further comprises a tooth protection sheet 65 arranged in the installation groove 61, one end of the tooth protection sheet 65 extends out of the installation groove 61 and is in clearance fit with the outer wall of the steam seal shaft barrel 51, and the tooth protection sheet 65 is clamped between the sealing section 621 and the groove wall of the installation groove 61; a placing groove 67 is formed in the bottom of the mounting groove 61, a placing head 68 is fixed to one end, away from the gland shaft barrel 51, of the tooth protection piece 65, the placing head 68 is embedded in the placing groove 67, a filler steel wire 69 is arranged in the placing head 68, and two ends of the filler steel wire 69 are fixedly welded to the wall of the placing groove 67; the elastic piece 63 is a spring piece, the spring piece comprises two ends and a wave waist, the two ends of the spring piece are respectively tightly propped against the side walls of the groove wall of the installation groove 61 and the tooth protection piece 65, and the wave waist is tightly propped against between the groove bottom of the installation groove 61 and the inner ring 64.
In the scheme, in order to improve the sealing performance of the shaft sealing structure 5, the end part of the tooth piece 62 is directly abutted against the outer wall of the steam sealing shaft cylinder 51, but the arrangement is easy to damage the outer wall of the steam sealing shaft cylinder 51, and good sealing performance is easily removed over time; therefore, in the scheme, the tooth guard sheet 65 is designed to slightly rotate around the mounting head 68, and the tooth guard sheet 65 can slightly rotate by specifically depending on the twistability of the filler steel wire 69, so that in the operation process, steam in the labyrinth gland can push the tooth guard sheet 65 and the tooth sheet 62 to slightly rotate in the movable gap 66, and the end part of the tooth sheet 62 can slightly leave the outer wall of the gland shaft barrel 51; at this time, still have better leakproofness, can reduce the damage to the gland shaft 51 outer wall simultaneously, in addition, because the lobe 62 takes place to swing, the tip of spacing section 622 begins upwards to warp outward, and squeezes the wave waist of spring leaf, and the both ends of spring leaf further bounce outward, and tooth guard 65 receives the further extrusion of spring leaf, has the trend of reseing, in other words, because there is the spring leaf of above-mentioned structure, the bigger the upset degree of lobe 62 and tooth guard 65, the spring leaf is given the reset power of tooth guard 65 and just is stronger, in other words, under the effect of spring leaf, the tip of sealing section 621 is only allowed the short distance to deviate from the gland shaft 51 outer wall, thereby has guaranteed leakproofness.
The implementation principle of the embodiment is as follows: the esterification steam enters from the anti-corrosion steam inlet mechanism 1 and is shunted, then enters the steam turbine body 2 for heat energy conversion, the converted mechanical energy is transmitted to the generator 8, and the steam which consumes the heat energy enters the waste steam collecting mechanism 4 under the action of the anti-corrosion vacuumizing mechanism 3.
The above are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto, so: equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A steam turbine for ultralow temperature low pressure esterification steam waste heat recovery is characterized in that: the device comprises an anti-corrosion steam inlet mechanism (1), a steam turbine body (2) connected to the steam outlet end of the anti-corrosion steam inlet mechanism (1), a generator (8) connected to the steam turbine body (2), a waste steam collecting mechanism (4) connected to the steam outlet end of the steam turbine body (2), and an anti-corrosion vacuumizing mechanism (3) connected to the waste steam collecting mechanism (4); the steam turbine body (2) comprises a row cylinder (21) made of stainless steel, an inner cylinder (22) arranged in the row cylinder (21), a reinforcing outer support assembly (23) fixedly connected between the row cylinder (21) and the inner cylinder (22), and oblique support assemblies (24) fixed to the bottoms of the two sides of the row cylinder (21);
the steam turbine is characterized in that a shaft seal structure (5) is further mounted on the steam turbine body (2), the shaft seal structure (5) comprises a steam seal shaft barrel (51) used for being sleeved on the periphery of a main shaft of the steam turbine body (2), a first steam seal body (52) and a second steam seal body (53) sleeved on the periphery of the steam seal shaft barrel (51) in a clearance mode, a labyrinth steam seal structure is arranged between the outer wall of the steam seal shaft barrel (51) and the inner wall of the first steam seal body (52), and a labyrinth steam seal structure is also arranged between the outer wall of the steam seal shaft barrel (51) and the inner wall of the second steam seal body (53); the first steam seal body (52) and the second steam seal body (53) are axially arranged along the steam seal shaft barrel (51), a positive pressure steam inlet channel (54) is arranged between the first steam seal body (52) and the second steam seal body (53), a negative pressure steam outlet channel (55) is formed in the first steam seal body (52), the negative pressure steam outlet channel (55) is communicated with the outer wall of the steam seal shaft barrel (51), and the positive pressure steam inlet channel (54) is closer to the inside of the steam turbine body (2) than the negative pressure steam outlet channel (55);
the first steam sealing body (52) is provided with an air backflow preventing structure (6), and the air backflow preventing structure (6) is arranged on one side, away from the positive pressure steam inlet channel (54), of the negative pressure steam outlet channel (55); the air backflow prevention structure (6) comprises a mounting groove (61) arranged on the inner wall of the first steam sealing body (52), a tooth piece (62) arranged in the mounting groove (61), and an elastic piece (63) which is arranged at the bottom of the mounting groove (61) and applies acting force to the tooth piece (62) in the direction away from the bottom of the mounting groove (61); when the elastic piece (63) is tightly pressed against the toothed sheet (62), one end of the toothed sheet (62) is pressed against the steam seal shaft barrel (51).
2. The steam turbine for ultra-low temperature and low pressure esterification steam waste heat recovery of claim 1, wherein: the row cylinder (21) comprises a first lower cylinder body (211), a first upper cylinder body (212) and a steam outlet transition body (213) which are sequentially spliced from bottom to top, and the inner cylinder (22) comprises a second lower cylinder body (221) and a second upper cylinder body (222) which are sequentially spliced from bottom to top; the first lower cylinder body (211) is fixedly connected with the second lower cylinder body (221), a reinforcing outer support assembly (23) is connected between the first lower cylinder body (211) and the second lower cylinder body (221), the first upper cylinder body (212) is fixedly connected with the second upper cylinder body (222), and the reinforcing outer support assembly (23) is also connected between the first upper cylinder body (212) and the second upper cylinder body (222).
3. The steam turbine for ultra-low temperature low pressure esterification steam waste heat recovery according to claim 1, wherein: and a plurality of reinforcing ring ribs (27) which are arranged at intervals along the vertical direction are fixed on the peripheral wall of the row cylinder (21).
4. The steam turbine for ultra-low temperature low pressure esterification steam waste heat recovery according to claim 1, wherein: prevent that air flows backward structure (6) still includes inner ring (64) of joint in mounting groove (61), and tooth piece (62) are including sealing section (621) and spacing section (622), and spacing section (622) press from both sides tightly between elastic component (63) and inner ring (64) prevent spacing section (622) to deviate from mounting groove (61), and sealing section (621) stretch out mounting groove (61) and with the outer wall looks butt of gland seal shaft section (51).
5. The steam turbine for ultra-low temperature low pressure esterification steam waste heat recovery according to claim 4, wherein: the air backflow prevention structure (6) further comprises a tooth protection sheet (65) installed in the installation groove (61), one end of the tooth protection sheet (65) extends out of the installation groove (61) and is in clearance fit with the outer wall of the steam seal shaft barrel (51), and one side wall of the tooth protection sheet (65) is attached to one side wall of the sealing section (621).
6. The steam turbine for ultra-low temperature low pressure esterification steam waste heat recovery according to claim 5, wherein: a movable gap (66) is reserved between the inner ring (64) and the groove wall of the mounting groove (61), the movable gap (66) is positioned on one side, away from the negative pressure steam outlet channel (55), of the inner ring (64), the sealing section (621) penetrates through the movable gap (66), and the tooth protection piece (65) is clamped between the sealing section (621) and the groove wall of the mounting groove (61); a placing groove (67) is formed in the bottom of the mounting groove (61), a placing head (68) is fixed to one end, away from the steam seal shaft barrel (51), of the tooth protection sheet (65), the placing head (68) is embedded in the placing groove (67), and a filler steel wire (69) is arranged in the placing head (68); the elastic piece (63) is a spring piece, the spring piece comprises two ends and a wave waist, the two ends of the spring piece are respectively tightly propped against the groove wall of the installation groove (61) and the side wall of the tooth protection piece (65), and the wave waist is tightly propped against between the groove bottom of the installation groove (61) and the inner ring (64).
7. The steam turbine for ultra-low temperature low pressure esterification steam waste heat recovery according to claim 1, wherein: the anti-corrosion steam inlet mechanism (1) comprises a steam inlet main pipe (12) and a plurality of branch sub-pipes (13) connected to the steam inlet main pipe (12), each branch sub-pipe (13) is connected with the steam inlet end of the steam turbine body (2), the anti-corrosion steam inlet mechanism (1) further comprises a plurality of regulating valves (16), and each regulating valve (16) correspondingly controls the flow of steam in one branch sub-pipe (13).
8. The steam turbine for ultra-low temperature low pressure esterification steam waste heat recovery according to claim 1, wherein: the anti-corrosion steam inlet mechanism (1) further comprises a steam-water separator (11), the steam-water separator (11) is arranged at the steam inlet end of the anti-corrosion steam inlet mechanism (1), a steam inlet and a steam outlet are formed in the steam-water separator (11), and a steam inlet main pipe (12) is connected to the steam outlet.
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