CN113513294A - While-drilling water injection fracturing device and method - Google Patents

While-drilling water injection fracturing device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113513294A
CN113513294A CN202110747367.XA CN202110747367A CN113513294A CN 113513294 A CN113513294 A CN 113513294A CN 202110747367 A CN202110747367 A CN 202110747367A CN 113513294 A CN113513294 A CN 113513294A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
drilling
fracturing
pressure
constant
water injection
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Pending
Application number
CN202110747367.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
赵继展
张静非
郑凯歌
陈志胜
陈冬冬
龙威成
贾秉义
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Xian Research Institute Co Ltd of CCTEG
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Xian Research Institute Co Ltd of CCTEG
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Priority to CN202110747367.XA priority Critical patent/CN113513294A/en
Publication of CN113513294A publication Critical patent/CN113513294A/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/25Methods for stimulating production
    • E21B43/26Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and a method for fracturing by injecting water while drilling, belongs to the field of underground drilling and fracturing engineering of coal mines, and particularly relates to a device and a method for fracturing by injecting water while drilling. The invention overcomes the problems that the drilling and fracturing construction are carried out step by step in the traditional hydraulic fracturing technology, the working procedures of drilling up and down for multiple times and drilling tool replacement are complex, the stability is influenced by multiple times of disturbance of drilling holes before fracturing and the like. By utilizing the water injection fracturing device while drilling and the matched process method, the water injection fracturing of cross-layer or bedding drilling can be timely implemented immediately after drilling construction, additional procedures of drilling up and down, drilling tool replacement and the like are not needed, the equipment is simple, the operation is convenient, the risk is controllable, and the field application effect is obvious.

Description

While-drilling water injection fracturing device and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a water injection fracturing device and a water injection fracturing method, belongs to the field of underground drilling and fracturing engineering of coal mines, and particularly relates to a water injection fracturing device and a water injection fracturing method while drilling.
Background
The hydraulic fracturing technology is an important means for coal seam gas enhanced extraction and rock burst prevention, and along with the continuous development and progress of underground coal mine drilling tools and hydraulic fracturing equipment, the underground hydraulic fracturing technology has realized functions such as open hole fracturing and quick hole sealing of a packer. However, in the traditional underground hydraulic fracturing technology, drilling and fracturing construction need to be sequentially carried out step by step, namely, drilling construction is carried out firstly according to a preset scheme, a drilling tool is retreated into a hole after the drilling construction is finished, a fracturing pipe column and a matched tool are replaced and sent into the hole, and subsequent fracturing construction is carried out. The method has the advantages of complex process procedures, multiple disturbance to the drilling, influence on the stability of the drilling and the like.
Aiming at the relevant process characteristics of underground drilling and fracturing construction, by deep research and combining experience and achievement of coal mine underground drilling and fracturing technology for many years, the invention researches and designs the water injection while drilling fracturing device and the construction process method, realizes the water injection while drilling fracturing process technology of cross-layer or bedding drilling, avoids the processes of drilling up and down for multiple times, replacing drilling tools and the like, and has the advantages of simple equipment, convenient operation, controllable risk and obvious field application effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a water injection while drilling fracturing device which is suitable for underground cross-layer or bedding drilling water injection while drilling fracturing construction. The high-pressure-resistant constant-pressure drilling machine consists of five parts, namely a high-pressure-resistant sealing drill rod, an anti-torsion high-strength packer, an anti-torsion high-strength constant-pressure restrictor, a ball seat drill bit assembly and a low-density ball, has a simple structure, is simple and convenient to operate, and is suitable for all underground coal mine drilling machines.
In order to achieve the purpose of water injection while drilling fracturing, the invention adopts the scheme that:
a water injection while drilling fracturing device, comprising:
the constant-pressure throttler is provided with a radial water outlet on the outer wall, a sliding sleeve which is contacted with a constant-pressure spring is arranged inside the constant-pressure throttler, a flow passage is arranged inside the sliding sleeve, and the caliber of the flow passage at one end where fluid enters is gradually reduced; wherein, the radial water outlet is positioned in the sliding stroke of one end of the sliding sleeve where the fluid enters.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned water injection while drilling fracturing device, both ends of the constant pressure restrictor are connected to a drill rod, a ball seat drill bit assembly is installed at the front end of the drill rod, and a water path communicated with the flow passage is provided in the ball seat drill bit assembly.
Preferably, in the above while-drilling water injection fracturing device, a concentric shaft positioning tooth is arranged inside the constant pressure choke, and the sliding sleeve is engaged with the concentric shaft positioning tooth.
Preferably, in the injection-while-drilling fracturing device, one end, into which the fluid enters, of the sliding sleeve is provided with a reducing section with a diameter gradually decreasing along the fluid flowing direction.
Preferably, the device for fracturing by injecting water while drilling further comprises a packer, wherein two ends of the constant-pressure choke are connected with a drill rod through the packer; the outer diameter of the rubber sleeve on the outer layer of the packer is smaller than the outer diameter of the drill rod.
Preferably, in the above device for fracturing while drilling with water injection, the outer layer of the packer is made of multiple layers of rubber, and a steel belt is embedded between the layers of rubber.
A method of water injection while drilling fracturing, comprising:
connecting two ends of a constant-pressure throttleer with a drill rod, and installing a ball seat drill bit assembly at the front end of the drill rod; the outer wall of the constant-pressure throttler is provided with a radial water outlet, the inside of the constant-pressure throttler is provided with a sliding sleeve which is in contact with a constant-pressure spring, the inside of the sliding sleeve is provided with a flow passage, and the caliber of the flow passage at one end where fluid enters is gradually reduced;
seating the ball seat drill bit assembly;
and increasing the water injection pressure in the constant-pressure throttler to drive the sliding sleeve to move axially so as to open the radial water outlet.
Preferably, in the method for fracturing while drilling water, the setting the ball seat drill bit assembly comprises: the low-density ball is thrown into the drill rod, and is pushed to a ball seat clamping table of the ball seat drill bit assembly through water injection so as to block the ball seat drill bit assembly.
Preferably, in the method for fracturing while drilling water injection, the water injection pressure into the constant-pressure choke is increased to be above a preset threshold value so as to open the radial water outlet.
A water injection while drilling fracturing method adopts the water injection while drilling fracturing device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the problems that drilling and fracturing construction are carried out step by step, the procedures of drilling up and down for multiple times and drilling tool replacement are complex, and stability is influenced by multiple times of disturbance of drilling holes before fracturing in the traditional hydraulic fracturing technology are solved. By utilizing the water injection fracturing device while drilling and the matched process method, the water injection fracturing of cross-layer or bedding drilling can be timely implemented immediately after drilling construction, additional procedures of drilling up and down, drilling tool replacement and the like are not needed, the equipment is simple, the operation is convenient, the risk is controllable, and the field application effect is obvious.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a water injection while drilling fracturing device.
Wherein: 1. sealing the drill rod with high pressure resistance; 2. a torsional high-strength packer; 3. a torsion-resistant high-strength constant-pressure restrictor; 4. A ball seat drill bit assembly; 5. a low density ball.
Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a torsion-resistant high-strength constant-pressure restrictor.
Wherein: 6. thickening the outer wall; 7. a water outlet; 8. concentric shaft positioning teeth; 9. a constant pressure spring; 10. a rear positioning gear; 11. an inner sliding sleeve; 12. and a front positioning rail.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a torsional high strength packer construction.
Wherein: 13. rubber layers on the outer wall, the middle wall and the inner wall of the rubber cylinder; 14. a packer steel belt layer; 15. reinforcing the central shaft; 16. passing through the sieve pores; 17. an upper end head of the packer; 18. and the lower end head of the packer.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a high pressure resistant sealed drill pipe.
Wherein: 19. a screw thread end of a drill rod male screw; 20. a pressure-resistant sealing rubber ring; 21. and (4) screwing the drill rod female thread.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a construction process of a water injection while drilling fracturing device, (a) the water injection while drilling fracturing device is installed, and drilling construction is carried out to a preset fracturing position; (b) sending the low-density ball to a ball seat clamping table to plug a pipeline; (c) the pipeline is suppressed, the packer is expanded to seal the hole, the constant pressure throttler is opened, and fracturing is started; (d) and (4) completing the drainage by fracturing, flushing out the low-density ball along with water flow, and deblocking the packer.
Detailed Description
As can be seen from figure 1, the device related to the invention mainly comprises a 1, a high pressure resistant sealing drill rod; 2. a torsional high-strength packer; 3. a torsion-resistant high-strength constant-pressure restrictor; 4. a ball seat drill bit assembly; 5. low density balls.
In the ball seat drill bit assembly 4, a ball seat is connected with a high-pressure-resistant sealing drill rod 1, an anti-torsion high-strength packer 2, an anti-torsion high-strength constant-pressure throttleer 3 and the like are sequentially connected behind the drill rod, the ball seat drill bit assembly is matched with a drilling machine for use during drilling, and is connected with a fracturing pump set during fracturing, and a low-density ball 5 is thrown into the ball seat for setting and fracturing.
The torsion-resistant high-strength constant-pressure restrictor 3 is integrally made of high-strength materials, so that torsion resistance and wear resistance of the restrictor are enhanced. A radial water outlet 7 is arranged on the thickened outer wall 6; a concentric shaft positioning tooth 8 is processed inside the constant pressure restrictor 3 and is meshed with an internal sliding sleeve 11; the inner sliding sleeve is designed by adopting a throttling hollow channel, the rear end of the inner sliding sleeve is provided with a rear positioning rail 10 which is connected and positioned with the thickened outer wall 6 in a threaded manner, the front end of the inner sliding sleeve is provided with a constant pressure spring 9 and a front positioning rail 12, and the front positioning rail 12 is connected with the thickened outer wall 6 in a threaded manner. The low pressure has no action when overflowing, the inner sliding sleeve 11 compresses the constant pressure spring 9 to form axial movement towards the front positioning gear 12 through throttling pressure difference when the high pressure is high, the radial water outlet 7 of the constant pressure throttler is opened, and the high-pressure inner passage is communicated with the outer ring empty fracturing section.
The outer diameter of an outer rubber sleeve of the anti-torsion high-strength packer is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of a drill rod, and the anti-torsion high-strength packer is composed of three layers of rubber 13 with different characteristics, such as friction resistance and extrusion resistance of an outer wall, middle winding expansion, high elasticity, high toughness and high pressure resistance of an inner wall and the like, and two layers of embedded high-strength expandable winding steel belts 11; the inner layer of the packer is a reinforcing central shaft 15, and a water passing sieve pore 16 is arranged on the inner layer; the two ends of the anti-torsion high-strength packer are respectively provided with an upper end 17 and a lower end 18 which are connected through screw threads, the outer diameters of the upper end 17 and the lower end 18 are the same as those of a drill rod, and the upper end 17 and the lower end 18 are connected with a drill hole through screw threads.
The pressure-resistant sealing drill rod 1 is in threaded connection, the joint of a drill rod male thread end 19 and a rod main body is of a bevel structure, the length of a sealing surface is increased, two high-pressure-resistant sealing rubber rings 20 are arranged on the bevel surface, and the joint of a matched female thread end 21 and a male thread is of the bevel structure.
In the ball seat drill bit assembly 4, a drill bit is connected with a ball seat into a whole through a screw thread, the ball seat is connected with a drill rod 1 through a screw thread, and a middle water path is communicated; the diameter of the hollow part of the ball seat is smaller than that of the low-density ball, and when the low-density 5 ball is pushed to the clamping table, the hollow internal passage can be blocked. The drill bit is subjected to crushing and cutting operation during rotary propulsion of drilling construction, a drill rod waterway supplies water to the drill bit through a hollow waterway of the ball seat drill bit assembly, and the drill bit is cooled and washed; after the ball is thrown, the low-density ball is pushed to a clamping table in the ball seat, a hollow water passage in the ball seat is blocked, and packer setting and hydraulic fracturing construction are carried out.
The low-density ball 5 is made of high polymer materials, has the characteristics of high pressure resistance, difficult deformation, light weight and the like, and has the diameter smaller than the diameter of a passage in a pipeline and larger than the diameter of a ball seat clamping platform.
After the device is adopted, the construction process method of the embodiment is mainly realized by the following steps:
the first step is as follows: connecting the water injection-while-drilling fracturing devices in sequence and matching with a drilling machine to carry out cross-layer or bedding drilling construction; after the drilling construction is carried out to a predetermined position, the drilling machine is stopped and the borehole is flushed (fig. 5 a);
the second step is that: connecting a water injection-while-drilling fracturing device with a fracturing pump set, putting a low-density ball into a high-pressure-resistant sealed drill rod, pushing the low-density ball to a ball seat clamping table by injecting water, and plugging a water channel of a ball seat drill bit assembly (figure 5 b);
the third step: continuing water injection pressurization, expanding and setting the anti-torsion high-strength packer, and opening a water outlet of the anti-torsion high-strength constant pressure restrictor to start water injection fracturing construction when the pressure is increased to be above a preset threshold value (figure 5 c);
the fourth step: and (5) stopping the pump to perform drainage operation after the water injection fracturing is finished, discharging the low-density ball along with water flow, withdrawing the drilling tool, and repeating the steps to continue the water injection fracturing construction of other sections (figure 5 d).
The device and the method are suitable for underground cross-layer or bedding drilling water injection and fracturing while drilling construction. The embodiment overcomes the problems that the drilling and fracturing construction are carried out step by step in the traditional hydraulic fracturing technology, the processes of drilling up and down for multiple times and drilling tool replacement are complex, the stability is influenced by multiple times of disturbance drilling before fracturing, and the like, does not need additional processes of drilling up and down, drilling tool replacement and the like, utilizes the water injection while drilling fracturing device and a matched process method to immediately perform water injection fracturing on drilling in drilling construction, and has the advantages of simple equipment, convenience in operation, controllable risk and obvious field application effect.
It is noted that references in the specification to "one embodiment," "an example embodiment," "some embodiments," etc., indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but every embodiment may not necessarily include the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to effect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
The previous description of the disclosure is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not intended to be limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. A water injection while drilling fracturing device, comprising:
the constant-pressure throttler (3) is characterized in that a radial water outlet (7) is formed in the outer wall (6) of the constant-pressure throttler, a sliding sleeve (11) which is in contact with a constant-pressure spring (9) is arranged inside the constant-pressure throttler, a flow passage is formed inside the sliding sleeve (11), and the caliber of one end, into which a fluid enters, of the flow passage is gradually reduced; wherein, the radial water outlet (7) is positioned in the sliding stroke of one fluid inlet end of the sliding sleeve (11).
2. The device for fracturing while drilling water injection is characterized in that two ends of the constant pressure choke (3) are connected with a drill pipe, a ball seat drill bit assembly (4) is arranged at the front end of the drill pipe, and a water way communicated with the flow passage is arranged in the ball seat drill bit assembly (4).
3. The water injection while drilling fracturing device as recited in claim 1, wherein the constant pressure choke (3) is internally provided with concentric shaft positioning teeth (8), and the sliding sleeve (11) is meshed with the concentric shaft positioning teeth (8).
4. The water injection while drilling fracturing device as recited in claim 1, wherein the end of the sliding sleeve (11) where the fluid enters is provided with a tapered section with a diameter gradually decreasing along the direction of fluid flow.
5. The device for fracturing while drilling water injection is characterized by further comprising a packer (2), wherein both ends of the constant pressure choke (3) are connected with a drill pipe (1) through the packer (2); the outer diameter of the rubber sleeve on the outer layer of the packer (2) is smaller than the outer diameter of the drill rod.
6. The device for fracturing while drilling water injection is characterized in that the outer layer of the packer (2) is made of multiple layers of rubber, and steel belts are embedded between the rubber layers.
7. A method for fracturing by injecting water while drilling is characterized by comprising the following steps:
two ends of a constant-pressure throttler (3) are connected with a drill rod, and a ball seat drill bit assembly (4) is arranged at the front end of the drill rod; a radial water outlet (7) is formed in the outer wall (6) of the constant-pressure throttler (3), a sliding sleeve (11) which is in contact with a constant-pressure spring (9) is arranged inside the constant-pressure throttler, a flow passage is formed inside the sliding sleeve (11), and the caliber of one end, into which a fluid enters, of the flow passage is gradually reduced;
seating the ball seat bit assembly (4);
increasing the water filling pressure in the constant pressure restrictor (3) to drive the sliding sleeve (11) to move axially to open the radial water outlet (7).
8. The method of claim 7, wherein setting the ball seat bit assembly (4) comprises: the low-density ball is thrown into the drill rod, and is pushed to a ball seat clamping table of the ball seat drill bit assembly (4) through water injection so as to block the ball seat drill bit assembly.
9. The waterflood-while-drilling fracturing method as recited in claim 7, wherein the pressure of the waterflood into the constant pressure choke (3) is increased above a preset threshold to open the radial water outlet (7).
10. The water injection while drilling fracturing method is characterized by adopting the water injection while drilling fracturing device as recited in claim 1.
CN202110747367.XA 2021-07-01 2021-07-01 While-drilling water injection fracturing device and method Pending CN113513294A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115387771A (en) * 2022-08-10 2022-11-25 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 Underground coal mine staged hydraulic fracturing tool string with rapid plug removal function and method

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CN202170789U (en) * 2011-07-15 2012-03-21 中国石油天然气集团公司 Sliding sleeve adaptor
CN202788753U (en) * 2012-09-18 2013-03-13 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 Differential-pressure sliding sleeve for staged fracturing of sidetrack horizontal wells
CN104879159A (en) * 2015-06-11 2015-09-02 河南理工大学 Gas permeability-increase extraction device and method for soft coal seam stoping face
CN111911225A (en) * 2020-09-11 2020-11-10 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 Drilling and water injection integrated device and method for coal seam
CN112814640A (en) * 2021-02-22 2021-05-18 山西蓝焰煤层气工程研究有限责任公司 Multi-layer under-pressure fracturing operation device for medium-low pressure well and application method

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102071921A (en) * 2010-12-30 2011-05-25 河南理工大学 Underground drilling and fracturing-integrated staged fracturing device and gas drainage process
CN202170789U (en) * 2011-07-15 2012-03-21 中国石油天然气集团公司 Sliding sleeve adaptor
CN202788753U (en) * 2012-09-18 2013-03-13 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 Differential-pressure sliding sleeve for staged fracturing of sidetrack horizontal wells
CN104879159A (en) * 2015-06-11 2015-09-02 河南理工大学 Gas permeability-increase extraction device and method for soft coal seam stoping face
CN111911225A (en) * 2020-09-11 2020-11-10 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 Drilling and water injection integrated device and method for coal seam
CN112814640A (en) * 2021-02-22 2021-05-18 山西蓝焰煤层气工程研究有限责任公司 Multi-layer under-pressure fracturing operation device for medium-low pressure well and application method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115387771A (en) * 2022-08-10 2022-11-25 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 Underground coal mine staged hydraulic fracturing tool string with rapid plug removal function and method
CN115387771B (en) * 2022-08-10 2023-08-25 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 Coal mine underground segmented hydraulic fracturing tool string with rapid blocking removal function and method

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Application publication date: 20211019

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