CN113510504A

CN113510504A - Turnover coaxial element processing device

Info

Publication number: CN113510504A
Application number: CN202110944601.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马爱民; 张保荣; 祖妍; 韩文臣
Original assignee: CRSC Xian Rail Transit Industry Co Ltd; Tianjin Railway Signal Co Ltd
Current assignee: CRSC Xian Rail Transit Industry Co Ltd; Tianjin Railway Signal Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-08-17
Filing date: 2021-08-17
Publication date: 2021-10-19

Abstract

The invention discloses a turnover coaxial element processing device, which comprises machine flat tongs; the machine flat-nose pliers comprise two guide rail tracks which are transversely distributed; the left end parts of the two guide rail tracks are provided with fixed jaws; the two guide rail tracks are arranged in the right side direction of the fixed jaw and are provided with a movable jaw in a sliding way; the upper part of the inner side surface of the movable jaw is connected with the lower part of the clamping block; the sliding support seats are arranged at the tops of the two guide rails; a cushion block is arranged at the rear part of the upper end of the sliding support seat; the front part of the upper end of the sliding support seat is provided with an adjustable support; the upper part of the inner side surface of the fixed jaw is connected with the upper part of the positioning plate; the left ends of the rotary centering shafts which are transversely distributed are pivoted at the middle position of the upper part of the positioning plate; the right end of the rotating centering shaft is used for being inserted into a hole a which is arranged in the switch base to be machined in advance. The invention can position and clamp the switch seat once, can process three coaxial elements with opposite surfaces simultaneously, and is beneficial to improving the processing precision of the switch seat.

Description

Turnover coaxial element processing device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a reversible coaxial element machining device.

Background

Referring to fig. 1a to 1c, the switch base 100 is a component for controlling the switch in the prior ZDJ9 switch machine, and has a hollow L-shaped appearance, and a series of switch-operating parts are disposed inside the switch base.

A hole a which is transversely distributed and a hole b which is vertically distributed are arranged in the finished switch base 100 which is finished;

the hole a is directly communicated with the hole b;

one end of the hole b is provided with a c round table with an f hole in the center (namely the f hole is a central through hole of the c round table);

the hole b is coaxial with the hole f;

the central axes of the hole b and the hole f are perpendicular to the central axis of the hole a.

Wherein, for the switch base 100 before being machined (specifically, the hole b, the hole f and the circular truncated cone c need to be machined), the left end of the switch base 100 (namely the switch base 100 in the blank state) is provided with a hole a with an opening on the left side; the a-hole is a reference hole formed in advance.

At present, according to the assembly action and the processing requirements of the process file, after the a hole is processed in advance in the switch base 100, the contour shapes (i.e., the shapes) of the b hole, the f hole and the c circular truncated cone need to be further processed by taking the a hole as a reference (i.e., as a positioning reference hole), so that the b hole, the f hole and the c circular truncated cone are coaxial, and the b hole, the f hole and the c circular truncated cone are perpendicular to the a hole.

In order to ensure the relative position accuracy of four elements, namely a, b, c, f and the like, in the processed switch base, it is urgently needed to develop and design a device so as to be capable of positioning and clamping the switch base once and simultaneously processing three coaxial elements with opposite surfaces (namely three elements, namely a hole b, a hole f and a circular truncated cone, which are located on the opposite surfaces).

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a reversible coaxial element processing device aiming at the technical defects in the prior art.

Therefore, the invention provides a turnover coaxial element processing device, which comprises machine flat tongs, a clamping block, a cushion block, a sliding support seat, an adjustable support, a positioning plate and a rotary centering shaft, wherein the machine flat tongs are arranged on the machine flat tongs;

the machine flat tongs comprise two guide rail tracks which are transversely distributed;

the two guide rail tracks are longitudinally distributed at intervals and are parallel to each other;

the left end parts of the two guide rail tracks are fixedly provided with fixed jaws;

the two guide rail tracks are arranged in the right side direction of the fixed jaw and are provided with movable jaws which are longitudinally distributed in a sliding manner;

wherein, the upper part of the inner side surface of the movable jaw of the machine flat-nose pliers is connected with the lower part of one clamping block;

wherein, a sliding support seat which is longitudinally distributed is arranged at the top of the two guide rails of the machine flat tongs;

a cushion block is arranged at the rear part of the upper end of the sliding support seat;

the front part of the upper end of the sliding support seat is provided with an adjustable support;

wherein, the upper part of the inner side surface of the fixed jaw of the machine flat-nose pliers is connected with the upper part of a positioning plate;

wherein, the left end of the rotary centering shaft which is transversely distributed is pivoted at the middle position of the upper part of the positioning plate;

the right end of the rotating centering shaft is used for being inserted into a hole a which is arranged in the switch base to be machined in advance.

Preferably, the middle position of the upper part of the left side wall of the clamping block is provided with a clamping surface;

the lower part of the clamping block is provided with a fixed end;

the fixed end is connected with the movable jaw of the machine flat-nose pliers through a first screw;

wherein, the front end and the rear end of the fixed end at the lower part of the clamping block are respectively provided with a screw hole;

the clamping block is fixedly connected with two first screw mounting holes on the inner side of a movable jaw in the machine flat-nose pliers through two first screws penetrating through screw holes.

Preferably, the cushion block is a stepped shaft-shaped part;

the upper end of the cushion block is a positioning big end;

the lower end of the cushion block is provided with a small table shaft;

the bottom of the large positioning end is connected with the top of the small table shaft;

the cushion block is used for abutting and tightly contacting the top surface of the positioning big end with the side surface e on the switch seat when the cushion block is placed in the knife outlet hole on the adjustable support;

the side surface e on the switch seat is the opposite side surface of the outer side surface of the c round platform on the switch seat.

Preferably, the vertical height of the positioning big end is equal to the difference between the vertical distance H between the central axis of the hole a and the bottom surface of the truncated cone c, which is pre-arranged in the switch base, and the vertical distance H between the central axis of the hole a and the top of the hole b;

the outer wall surface around the positioning big end is circumferentially covered with an outwardly protruding reticulate pattern.

Preferably, the lower end of the sliding support seat is provided with a slideway with an opening at the top;

the sliding support seat is placed on a guide rail of the machine flat tongs through a slide way at the lower end of the sliding support seat.

Preferably, the front side and the rear side of the slideway are respectively provided with a pressing end and a positioning end;

a longitudinally through compressing screw hole is arranged at the center of the compressing end;

the compression screw hole is used for being in threaded connection with a compression screw which is longitudinally distributed;

and the compression screw is used for pressing the front side surface of the guide slide way at the rear end after being screwed at the compression screw hole, so that the positioning end of the sliding support seat is attached to the rear side surface of the guide slide way.

Preferably, the front part of the upper end of the sliding support seat is provided with an adjustable support hole;

the adjustable support is arranged in the adjustable support hole;

a cushion block placing hole is formed in the rear part of the upper end of the sliding support seat;

and the cushion block placing holes are used for placing cushion blocks.

Preferably, the upper part of the adjustable support is provided with an upper end positioning surface;

the upper end positioning surface is used for abutting and tightly contacting the outer side surface of the c round table in the switch seat;

the lower part of the adjustable support is provided with a thread adjusting end;

the thread adjusting end is in threaded connection with the adjustable supporting hole;

the middle position of the adjustable support is provided with a vertically through cutter outlet hole;

the diameter of the small table shaft at the lower end of the cushion block is smaller than the inner diameter of the cutter outlet hole.

Preferably, the middle position of the upper part of the positioning plate is provided with a bearing hole and a centering shaft mounting hole;

a bearing is arranged in the bearing hole;

the bearing hole is coaxial with the centering shaft mounting hole;

the positioning plate is provided with a positioning plate mounting hole respectively at the front end and the rear end below the bearing hole;

the positioning plate is fixedly connected with two second mounting holes at the inner side of the fixed jaw in the machine flat-nose pliers through two second screws penetrating through the mounting holes of the positioning plate.

Preferably, a connecting shaft is arranged at the left end of the rotating centering shaft;

the connecting shaft at the left end of the rotating centering shaft is arranged in the mounting hole of the centering shaft and the inner hole of the bearing;

the left side of the connecting shaft is provided with a thread fastening end;

the screw thread fastening end is in threaded connection with a fastening nut;

the right end of the rotary centering shaft is provided with an edge cutting shaft;

the edging shaft is used for being inserted into a hole a which is arranged in the switch base to be machined in advance;

the lateral length of the edge cutting shaft is longer than that of the hole a in the switch seat.

Compared with the prior art, the turnover coaxial element processing device has the advantages that the structural design is scientific, the switch base can be positioned and clamped at one time, three opposite-surface coaxial elements (namely three opposite-surface elements, namely a hole b, a hole f and a circular truncated cone) can be processed at the same time, the processing precision of the switch base is improved, and the turnover coaxial element processing device has great production practice significance.

In addition, the turnover coaxial element processing device provided by the invention is convenient and rapid to operate, the switch base is accurately and reliably processed, and the working efficiency of workers is greatly improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1a is a front view of a switch base as a workpiece to be machined (the front view of the switch base after machining is the same);

FIG. 1b is a vertical cross-sectional view of the completed switch housing, taken along the left-right direction;

FIG. 1c is a cross-sectional view of the completed switch housing;

FIG. 2a is a front view of machine flat-nose pliers in a reversible coaxial element processing device according to the present invention;

FIG. 2b is a top view of the machine flat tongs in the reversible coaxial element processing device according to the present invention;

fig. 3 is a front partial sectional view of a reversible coaxial element processing device provided by the present invention when a workpiece to be processed (i.e., a switch seat) is not clamped;

FIG. 4a is a front partial cross-sectional view of a reversible coaxial element machining apparatus used when machining a hole b in a switch housing has been completed;

FIG. 4b is a top view of a reversible coaxial element processing apparatus used when the b-hole processing in the switch base has been completed;

FIG. 4c is a partial cross-sectional view of the switch housing immediately prior to initiating a b-hole machining operation using a reversible coaxial element machining apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a front partial cross-sectional view of a reversible coaxial element machining apparatus for machining a c-round table according to the present invention;

FIG. 6a is a schematic front sectional view of a clamping block in the reversible coaxial element processing apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 6b is a left side view of the clamping block in the reversible coaxial element processing apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 6c is a top view of a clamping block in a reversible coaxial element processing apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 7a is a schematic front view of a cushion block in the reversible coaxial element processing apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 7b is a top view of a spacer in the reversible coaxial element processing apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 8a is a schematic front view of a slide bearing of the reversible coaxial element processing apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 8b is a left side view of the slide bearing of the reversible coaxial element processing apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 8c is a top view of a slide bearing in the reversible coaxial element processing apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 9a is a front view of an adjustable support in a reversible coaxial element processing apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 9b is a top view of an adjustable support in a reversible coaxial element processing apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 10a is a left side view of a positioning plate in the reversible coaxial element processing apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 10b is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 10 a;

FIG. 11a is a front view of a rotating centering shaft in a reversible coaxial element processing apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 11b is a top view of a rotatable centering shaft in the reversible coaxial element processing apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 11c is a right side view of a rotatable centering shaft in the reversible coaxial element processing apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic front sectional view of a bearing in the reversible coaxial element processing apparatus according to the present invention;

in the figure, 100. a switch base;

1000. machine flat tongs; 1001. fixing the jaw; 1002. a movable jaw; 1003. a rail track;

10041. a first mounting hole; 10042. a second mounting hole;

1005. a lead screw;

1. a clamping block; 2. cushion blocks; 3. sliding the supporting seat; 4. an adjustable support; 5. positioning a plate;

6. rotating the centering shaft; 7. a bearing;

101. a clamping surface; 102. a fixed end; 103. screw holes; 104. a first screw;

201. positioning the big end; 202. a small table shaft;

301. a slideway; 302. a compression end; 303. a positioning end; 304. a compression screw hole;

305. an adjustable support hole; 306. cushion block placing holes;

401. an upper end positioning surface; 402. a threaded adjustment end; 403. a cutter outlet hole is formed;

501. a bearing bore; 502. a centering shaft mounting hole; 503. a positioning plate mounting hole; 504. a second screw; 601. a connecting shaft; 602. a threaded fastening end; 603. and (4) chamfering the shaft.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

Referring to fig. 1a to 12, the invention provides a reversible coaxial element processing device, which comprises a machine flat tongs 1000, a clamping block 1, a cushion block 2, a sliding support seat 3, an adjustable support 4, a positioning plate 5 and a rotating centering shaft 6;

the machine flat-nose pliers 1000 comprises two guide rail tracks 1003 which are transversely distributed;

the two guide rail tracks 1003 are longitudinally distributed at intervals and are parallel to each other;

a fixed jaw 1001 is fixedly arranged at the left end part of the two guide rail tracks 1003;

the two guide rail tracks 1003 are arranged on the right side of the fixed jaw 1001 and are provided with movable jaws 1002 which are longitudinally distributed in a sliding manner;

wherein, the upper part of the inner side surface of the movable jaw 1002 of the machine flat-nose pliers 1000 is connected with the lower part of one clamping block 1;

wherein, a sliding support seat 3 which is longitudinally distributed is arranged at the top of the two guide rails 1003 of the machine flat tongs 1000;

a cushion block 2 is arranged at the rear part of the upper end of the sliding support seat 3;

the front part of the upper end of the sliding support seat 3 is provided with an adjustable support 4;

wherein, the upper part of the inner side surface of the fixed jaw 1001 of the machine flat-nose pliers 1000 is connected with the upper part of a positioning plate 5;

wherein, the left end of the rotary centering shaft 6 which is transversely distributed is pivoted (namely rotatably arranged) at the middle position of the upper part of the positioning plate 5;

the right end of the rotating centering shaft 6 is inserted into a hole a provided in advance in the switch base 100 to be machined, and thereby reference positioning is performed on the switch base 100.

In the present invention, the hole a is a hole that is processed in advance in the switch base 100 and is used for positioning in accordance with the present invention. That is, the hole a is a reference hole which has been previously machined before the machining by the apparatus of the present invention, and the machining of the coaxial hole b, the concentric circular truncated cone c, and the concentric center through hole f of the circular truncated cone c is necessary by the apparatus of the present invention.

When the switch base 100 is just machined, the right end of the rotating centering shaft 6 is inserted into the hole a of the switch base 100 with the left end open;

it should be noted that, referring to fig. 1a to fig. 1c, for the finished switch base 100 that is finished and processed, a hole a distributed laterally and a hole b distributed vertically are provided in the switch base 100;

the hole a is directly communicated with the hole b;

the hole b is coaxial with the hole f;

Wherein, for the switch base 100 before being machined (i.e. the switch base 100 in a blank state, specifically, the contour shape of b hole, f hole and c truncated cone needs to be machined), the left end of the switch base 100 is provided with a hole a with an opening on the left side; the a-hole is a reference hole formed in advance.

The machine vice is a general fixture, is usually used for mounting small-sized workpieces, and is a random accessory of a milling machine and a drilling machine. For machine flat-nose pliers, when in specific use, referring to fig. 2b, a wrench can be used to rotate a lead screw 1005, and a lead screw nut arranged on the lead screw 1005 drives a movable pliers body (the movable pliers body is a movable jaw 1002, and the movable jaw 1002 is connected with the lead screw nut) to move, so as to clamp and loosen a workpiece to be processed (for example, the switch base 100). The machine flat-nose pliers are common general clamps in the prior art, and are not described in detail herein.

In particular, the machine flat-nose pliers 1000 may be, for example, 4-inch flat-nose pliers manufactured by jinfeng pliers ltd, leizhou, and has the following main structure: fixed pincers, activity pincers, lead screw mother, guide rail track etc.. For those skilled in the art, the well-known working principle of the machine flat-nose pliers 1000 is: the lead screw is rotated by a wrench, the movable vice body (namely the movable vice jaw) is driven by the lead screw nut, the spiral motion of the lead screw is converted into the parallel movement of the movable vice body (namely the movable vice jaw) along the guide rail, and therefore the clamped object between the fixed vice and the movable vice body (namely the movable vice jaw) is clamped and loosened.

In the present invention, in a specific implementation, referring to fig. 3, 6a and 6b, a clamping surface 101 is provided at a middle position of an upper portion of a left sidewall of the clamping block 1;

the lower part of the clamping block 1 is provided with a fixed end 102;

the fixed end 102 is connected with the movable jaw 1002 of the machine flat-nose pliers 1000 through a first screw 104.

In the concrete implementation, the front end and the rear end of a fixed end 102 at the lower part of the clamping block 1 are respectively provided with a screw hole 103;

the clamping block 1 is fastened (specifically, screwed) with two first screw mounting holes 10041 inside the movable jaw 1002 of the machine flat-nose pliers 1000 by two first screws 104 passing through the screw holes 103.

In the present invention, in a specific implementation, referring to fig. 3, 7a and 7b, the cushion block 2 is a stepped shaft-shaped part;

the upper end of the cushion block 2 is a positioning big end 201;

the lower end of the cushion block 2 is provided with a small table shaft 202;

the bottom of the positioning big end 201 is connected with the top of the small table shaft 202;

the cushion block 2 is used for having the top surface of the positioning big end 201 which is tightly contacted with the side surface e on the switch base 100 when the cushion block is placed in the knife outlet hole 403 on the adjustable support 4;

the side surface e of the switch base 100 is opposite to the outer side surface of the c truncated cone of the switch base 100.

In the implementation, the height of the positioning large end 201 in the vertical direction is equal to the difference between the vertical distance H2 between the central axis of the a hole and the bottom surface of the c truncated cone, which is preset in the switch base 100, and the vertical distance H1 between the central axis of the a hole and the top of the b hole (i.e. the difference between the lengths in the vertical direction of H2 and H1 shown in fig. 1 b).

In the concrete implementation, the peripheral outer wall surface of the positioning big end 201 is circumferentially covered with an outwardly protruding reticulate pattern so as to be convenient for taking and placing.

In the present invention, in a specific implementation, the lower end of the sliding support seat 3 is provided with a slideway 301 with an opening at the top;

the slide bearing 3 is placed on the guide rail 1003 of the machine flat-nose pliers 1000 through the slide 301 at the lower end thereof.

In particular, a pressing end 302 and a positioning end 303 are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the slideway 301;

a pressing screw hole 304 which is longitudinally communicated is formed in the center of the pressing end 302;

a compression screw hole 304 for threadedly connecting a longitudinally distributed compression screw;

the compression screw is used for pressing the front side surface of the guide slideway 1003 by the rear end of the compression screw after being screwed at the compression screw hole 304, so that the positioning end 303 of the sliding support seat 3 is tightly attached to the rear side surface of the guide slideway 1003;

in the concrete implementation, the front part of the upper end of the sliding support seat 3 is provided with an adjustable support hole 305;

an adjustable support 4 is arranged in the adjustable support hole 305;

a cushion block placing hole 306 is formed in the rear part of the upper end of the sliding support seat 3;

the spacer placing holes 306 are used for placing spacers 2 (used only as places for temporarily placing the spacers 2).

In the concrete implementation, the upper end positioning surface 401 is arranged at the upper part of the adjustable support 4;

the upper end positioning surface 401 is used for abutting against and tightly contacting with the outer side surface of the c round table in the switch base 100;

the lower part of the adjustable support 4 is provided with a thread adjusting end 402;

the threaded adjustment end 402 is threadably coupled to the adjustable support bore 305.

It should be noted that, with the present invention, by rotating the threaded adjusting end 402 located at the lower part of the adjustable support 4, the height of the upper end positioning surface 401 of the adjustable support 4 can be adjusted because the threaded adjusting end 402 is in threaded connection with the adjustable support hole 305.

In the concrete implementation, the middle position of the adjustable support 4 is provided with a vertically through knife outlet 403;

the diameter of the small table shaft 202 at the lower end of the cushion block 2 is 1 mm-2 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the cutter outlet 403.

In the invention, in the concrete implementation, a bearing hole 501 and a centering shaft mounting hole 502 are arranged in the middle position of the upper part of the positioning plate 5;

a bearing 7 is arranged in the bearing hole 501;

the diameter of the bearing hole 501 is a size that fits the size of the bearing outer circle 702 of the bearing 7.

The bearing hole 501 is coaxial with the centering shaft mounting hole 502 (i.e., located on the same central axis);

the size of the centering shaft mounting hole 502 is consistent with the size of a bearing inner hole of the bearing 7;

in the concrete implementation, the positioning plate 5 is provided with a positioning plate mounting hole 503 at the front end and the rear end below the bearing hole 501 respectively;

the positioning plate 5 is fastened and connected with two second mounting holes 10042 on the inner side of the fixed jaw 1001 in the machine flat-nose pliers 1000 through two second screws 504 penetrating through the positioning plate mounting holes 503;

in the invention, in a concrete implementation, a connecting shaft 601 is arranged at the left end of the rotating centering shaft 6;

a connecting shaft 601 at the left end of the rotating centering shaft 6 is installed in the centering shaft installation hole 502 and a bearing inner hole 701 of the bearing 7 (specifically, in transition fit installation);

a threaded fastening end 602 is arranged on the left side of the connecting shaft 601;

the threaded fastening end 602 is threadably coupled to a fastening nut 605.

The left end of the centering shaft 6 is rotated, and the screw fastening end 602 is screwed by the fastening nut 605, thereby being fixedly attached to the positioning plate 5.

In the invention, in a concrete implementation, the right end of the rotating centering shaft 6 is provided with an edge cutting shaft 603;

and a chamfered shaft 603 for inserting into a hole a provided in advance in the switch base 100 to be machined.

The outer diameter of the trimming shaft 603 is equal to the inner diameter of the hole a provided in the switch base 100;

flat portions 604 are formed on both front and rear sides of the trimming shaft 603 in a vertical arrangement. The chamfered shaft 603 is formed by machining both the front and rear sides of the cylindrical shaft (i.e., machining flat portions 604 on both the front and rear sides). Based on the design of the edging shaft 603, the workpiece can be conveniently assembled and disassembled under the condition that the positioning clearance (namely a hole) is small, and the positioning is more accurate.

It should be noted that, by the design of the trimming shaft 603, the switch base 100 as a workpiece to be processed is easily attached and detached.

Specifically, the transverse length of the trimming shaft 603 is 1mm to 2mm longer than the transverse length (i.e., depth) of the hole a provided in the switch base 100 in advance.

The right end of the rotating centering shaft 6 is provided with a chamfered shaft 603 with an excircle positioning dimension equivalent to the dimension of the hole a of the workpiece, and the transverse length of the chamfered shaft 603 is 1-2 mm greater than the depth of the hole a, so that the d surface (i.e. the side surface far away from the hole b) of the switch base 100 is prevented from contacting the positioning plate 5 when the switch base 100 is clamped, and the positioning of the rotating centering shaft 6 is prevented from being interfered.

In order to more clearly understand the technical scheme of the invention, the following description is provided for the specific operation process of the invention.

Firstly, corresponding parts (comprising a clamping block, a positioning plate, a rotary centering shaft, a bearing and the like) of the device are arranged on the flat tongs for the machine;

then, the adjustable supporting hole 305 on the sliding supporting seat 3 is moved to a position corresponding to the hole a (i.e. right side position) pre-provided in the switch seat 100, and then the compression screw at the compression screw hole 304 in the middle of the compression end 302 of the sliding supporting seat 3 is screwed, so that the positioning end 303 is attached to the rear side surface of the guide slideway 1003, and the sliding supporting seat 3 is fixed on the guide slideway 1003;

then, the movable jaw 1002 provided with the clamping block 1 is rotationally moved (specifically, a lead screw on the flat tongs 1000 for a rotary machine can be used for installing a hole a in the switch base 100 on the rotating centering shaft 6, one side of a circular truncated cone c in the switch base 100 is downward, and the hole a in the switch base 100 is sleeved on the rotating centering shaft 6, so that the axis position of the hole a in the switch base 100 is locked, the adjustable support 4 is adjusted, the positioning surface 401 on the upper portion of the adjustable support 4 is tightly attached to the circular truncated cone c, the switch base 100 is guided, the circular truncated cone c is used as a positioning surface, the switch base 100 is prevented from rotating around the rotating centering shaft 6, the movable jaw 1002 is screwed to clamp the switch base 10, the positioning and clamping of the switch base 100 are completed, the machine tool is started, and the machining of a central through hole f of the hole b and the circular truncated cone c can be completed through a boring cutter;

it should be noted that, in the implementation, a boring cutter with a suitable diameter is installed on a machine tool of an existing machining center, the machine tool is turned on, the boring cutter is made to contact with the other end (i.e., the opposite surface) of the switch base 10 opposite to the c round table, and then the b hole part to be machined in the switch base 10 is machined from top to bottom, so that the b hole can be machined. Meanwhile, the central through hole f of the c round platform is coaxial with the hole b and is processed together with the hole b through a boring cutter.

Then, after the hole b and the central through hole f of the truncated cone c are machined, referring to fig. 5, the adjustable support 4 is rotated to separate the positioning surface 401 from the switch base 100, the movable jaw 1002 is unscrewed, the switch base 100 can be turned over, at this time, the cushion block 2 placed in the cushion block placing hole 306 is taken out and placed on the adjustable support 4, the small table shaft 202 of the cushion block 2 is placed in the cutter outlet hole 403 of the adjustable support 4, the thread adjusting end 402 in the adjustable support 4 is adjusted to enable the large positioning end 201 of the cushion block 2 to be closely attached to the e surface of the switch base 100, so that the freedom degree of rotation of the switch base 100 around the rotating fixed mandrel 6 is restrained, the movable jaw 1002 is screwed to clamp the switch base 100, at this time, the positioning and clamping of the switch base 100 is completed, the machine tool is started, and the machining of the contour shape (namely the appearance) of the truncated cone c can be completed through the milling cutter, namely, and finally the machining of the truncated cone c is completed.

In a specific implementation, a milling cutter with a proper diameter is mounted on a machine tool of an existing machining center, the machine tool is turned on, and the milling cutter is made to contact a c-round table portion to be machined in the switch base 10 to perform machining operation, so that the contour shape (i.e., the appearance) of the c-round table can be machined.

Compared with the prior art, the turnover coaxial element processing device provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the invention realizes the processing of different elements positioned on the upper surface and the lower surface of a workpiece under the condition of not disassembling the workpiece by utilizing the positioning structure combining the bearing and the rotating centering shaft;

2. according to the invention, by utilizing the positioning structure combining the bearing and the rotating centering shaft, the coaxiality precision of an upper coaxial element and a lower coaxial element of the workpiece and the verticality precision of the positioning reference hole are ensured when the workpiece is overturned for processing;

3. the centering part of the rotary centering shaft adopts a chamfered edge shaft structure, so that the workpiece can be conveniently assembled and disassembled under the condition that the clearance between the chamfered edge shaft and the workpiece positioning hole is very small, and the processing precision of the workpiece is improved.

In summary, compared with the prior art, the turnover coaxial element processing device provided by the invention has a scientific structural design, can position and clamp the switch base at one time, and can process three opposite-surface coaxial elements (namely three opposite-surface elements, namely a hole b, a hole f and a circular truncated cone) of the switch base at the same time, thereby being beneficial to improving the processing precision of the switch base and having great production practice significance.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A turnover coaxial element processing device is characterized by comprising machine flat tongs (1000), a clamping block (1), a cushion block (2), a sliding support seat (3), an adjustable support (4), a positioning plate (5) and a rotary centering shaft (6);

the machine flat-nose pliers (1000) comprise two guide rail tracks (1003) which are transversely distributed;

the two guide rail tracks (1003) are longitudinally distributed at intervals and are parallel to each other;

a fixed jaw (1001) is fixedly arranged at the left end part of the two guide rail tracks (1003);

the two guide rail tracks (1003) are provided with movable jaws (1002) which are longitudinally distributed in a sliding manner in the right side direction of the fixed jaw (1001);

wherein, the upper part of the inner side surface of a movable jaw (1002) of the machine flat-nose pliers (1000) is connected with the lower part of one clamping block (1);

wherein, a sliding support seat (3) which is longitudinally distributed is arranged at the top of two guide rails (1003) of the flat tongs (1000) for machine;

a cushion block (2) is arranged at the rear part of the upper end of the sliding support seat (3);

the front part of the upper end of the sliding support seat (3) is provided with an adjustable support (4);

wherein, the upper part of the inner side surface of a fixed jaw (1001) of the machine flat-nose pliers (1000) is connected with the upper part of a positioning plate (5);

wherein, the left end of the rotary centering shaft (6) which is transversely distributed is pivoted at the middle position of the upper part of the positioning plate (5);

the right end of the rotating centering shaft (6) is used for being inserted into a hole a which is arranged in advance in a switch base (100) to be processed.

2. The reversible coaxial element processing device according to claim 1, wherein a clamping surface (101) is provided at an upper middle position of a left side wall of the clamping block (1);

the lower part of the clamping block (1) is provided with a fixed end (102);

the fixed end (102) is connected with a movable jaw (1002) of the machine flat-nose pliers (1000) through a first screw (104);

wherein, the front end and the rear end of a fixed end (102) at the lower part of the clamping block (1) are respectively provided with a screw hole (103);

the clamping block (1) is fixedly connected with two first screw mounting holes (10041) on the inner side of a movable jaw (1002) in the machine flat-nose pliers (1000) through two first screws (104) penetrating through screw holes (103).

3. The reversible coaxial element processing device according to claim 1, wherein the spacer (2) is a stepped shaft-like part;

the upper end of the cushion block (2) is a positioning big end (201);

the lower end of the cushion block (2) is provided with a small table shaft (202);

the bottom of the positioning big end (201) is connected with the top of the small table shaft (202);

the cushion block (2) is used for abutting and contacting the top surface of the positioning big end (201) with the side surface e on the switch base (100) when the cushion block is placed in the knife outlet hole (403) on the adjustable support (4);

the side surface e on the switch base (100) is the opposite side surface of the outer side surface of the c round platform on the switch base (100).

4. The reversible coaxial element processing device according to claim 3, wherein the vertical height of the positioning large end (201) is equal to the difference between the vertical distance H (2) between the central axis of the a hole and the bottom surface of the c round table, and the vertical distance H (1) between the central axis of the a hole and the top of the b hole, which are previously provided in the switch base (100);

the peripheral outer wall surface of the positioning big end (201) is circumferentially covered with outwards protruding reticulate patterns.

5. The reversible coaxial element processing device according to claim 1, wherein the lower end of the slide bearing (3) has a slide (301) with an open top;

the sliding support seat (3) is placed on a guide rail (1003) of the machine flat tongs (1000) through a slide way (301) at the lower end of the sliding support seat.

6. The reversible coaxial element processing device according to claim 5, wherein the front and rear sides of the slide (301) are provided with a pressing end (302) and a positioning end (303), respectively;

a pressing screw hole (304) which is longitudinally communicated is arranged at the central position of the pressing end (302);

a compression screw hole (304) for threadedly engaging a longitudinally disposed compression screw;

and the compression screw is used for compressing the front side surface of the guide slideway (1003) by the rear end of the compression screw after being screwed at the compression screw hole (304), so that the positioning end (303) of the sliding support seat (3) is attached to the rear side surface of the guide slideway (1003).

7. The reversible coaxial element processing device according to claim 5, wherein the upper front part of the slide bearing (3) is provided with an adjustable bearing hole (305);

an adjustable support (4) is arranged in the adjustable support hole (305);

a cushion block placing hole (306) is formed in the rear part of the upper end of the sliding support seat (3);

the cushion block placing holes (306) are used for placing the cushion blocks (2).

8. The reversible coaxial element processing device according to claim 7, wherein the upper portion of the adjustable support (4) is provided with an upper end positioning surface (401);

the upper end positioning surface (401) is used for abutting against and tightly contacting with the outer side surface of a c round table in the switch base (100);

the lower part of the adjustable support (4) is provided with a thread adjusting end (402);

the threaded adjusting end (402) is in threaded connection with the adjustable supporting hole (305);

the middle position of the adjustable support (4) is provided with a vertically through knife outlet hole (403);

the diameter of the small table shaft (202) at the lower end of the cushion block (2) is smaller than the inner diameter of the cutter outlet hole (403).

9. The reversible coaxial element processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the positioning plate (5) is provided at an upper middle position thereof with a bearing hole (501) and a centering shaft mounting hole (502);

a bearing (7) is arranged in the bearing hole (501);

the bearing hole (501) is coaxial with the centering shaft mounting hole (502);

the positioning plate (5) is provided with a positioning plate mounting hole (503) at the front end and the rear end below the bearing hole (501) respectively;

the positioning plate (5) is fixedly connected with two second mounting holes (10042) at the inner side of a fixed jaw (1001) in the machine flat-nose pliers (1000) through two second screws (504) penetrating through the mounting holes (503) of the positioning plate.

10. The reversible coaxial element processing device according to claim 9, wherein a connecting shaft (601) is provided at the left end of the rotating centering shaft (6);

the connecting shaft (601) at the left end of the rotary centering shaft (6) is arranged in a centering shaft mounting hole (502) and a bearing inner hole (701) of the bearing (7);

a thread fastening end (602) is arranged on the left side of the connecting shaft (601);

a threaded fastening end (602) threadedly coupled to a fastening nut (605);

the right end of the rotary centering shaft (6) is provided with an edge cutting shaft (603);

a trimming shaft (603) for inserting into a hole a provided in advance in a switch base (100) to be machined;

the length of the chamfered shaft (603) in the lateral direction is longer than the length of the hole a provided in the switch base (100) in advance.