CN113510207A - Manufacturing method of TC17 titanium alloy large-size variable-section blisk forging - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of TC17 titanium alloy large-size variable-section blisk forging Download PDFInfo
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- CN113510207A CN113510207A CN202110459551.4A CN202110459551A CN113510207A CN 113510207 A CN113510207 A CN 113510207A CN 202110459551 A CN202110459551 A CN 202110459551A CN 113510207 A CN113510207 A CN 113510207A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
- B21J5/025—Closed die forging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K3/00—Making engine or like machine parts not covered by sub-groups of B21K1/00; Making propellers or the like
- B21K3/04—Making engine or like machine parts not covered by sub-groups of B21K1/00; Making propellers or the like blades, e.g. for turbines; Upsetting of blade roots
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Abstract
The invention discloses a manufacturing method of a TC17 titanium alloy large-size variable-section blisk forging, belongs to the field of forging, and aims to improve the overall deformation and distribution uniformity of the large-size variable-section blisk forging. Firstly, designing an optimal theoretical forging blank and an optimal theoretical blank by adopting digital simulation according to the shape and the size of a TC17 large-size variable-section blisk part; step two, preparing a finish forging die and a preforging die; step three, processing the bar stock to form a bar blank; moving the bar blank to a pre-forging die for pre-forging to prepare a pre-forged blank; and fifthly, transferring the pre-forging blank to a finish forging die for finish forging to manufacture a forging blank. The pre-forging die and the finish-forging die are designed through digital simulation, and the bar billet is subjected to die forging to form a pre-forging piece, so that the deformation uniformity of the bar stock to the pre-forging piece is improved; the pre-forging piece obtained by die forging is subjected to die forging by using a finish forging die to form a forging piece, the deformation and uniformity are improved, and the effective deformation range is expanded. And the utilization rate of raw materials is also improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of forging, and particularly relates to a manufacturing method of a TC17 titanium alloy large-size variable-section blisk forging.
Background
With the continuous improvement of the bypass ratio, the thrust-weight ratio and the service life requirement of a high-performance aircraft engine, the TC17 titanium alloy rotor blade for the engine and the wheel disc are integrated, a tenon, a mortise and a locking device in the traditional connection are omitted, the structural weight and the structural quantity are reduced, the tenon airflow loss is avoided, the pneumatic efficiency is improved, the engine structure can be greatly simplified, based on the advantages, the TC17 titanium alloy large-size variable-section blisk is produced in response to the operation, the blisk needs to be prepared by means of a large forging press, currently, large die forging presses such as 800MN, 200MN and the like are put into use domestically, the equipment requirements for preparing the large-size variable-section blisk are met, and the blisk is widely applied to military and civil aircraft engines.
The TC17 titanium alloy large-size blisk forging piece needs to meet the detection requirements of organization and performance indexes during the acceptance, and the detection items specifically comprise: macrostructure, high-power structure, room temperature stretching, high temperature smooth and lasting, room temperature notch lasting, creep deformation, high cycle fatigue, low cycle fatigue, fracture toughness, hardness, H content and the like, and the requirements of the blisk forging on the structure and performance level are high. A TC17 titanium alloy large-size variable-section blisk forging is shown in figure 1 and comprises a disk-shaped blisk part and a hub part protruding in the axial direction of the blisk part at one end of the blisk part. The forged piece has a thick rim part, so that the hardenability of the forged piece is poor, the structure and performance level of the forged piece are difficult to improve through heat treatment, and particularly, the good matching of strength and plasticity is difficult to realize.
At present, the manufacturing process of the bladed disc forging comprises the following steps: blanking to form a bar → upsetting the bar to form a cake blank → processing the cake blank to form a blank → performing die forging on the blank to obtain a large-size variable-section blisk forge piece. Wherein, the cake blank is processed to form a rough blank, and the middle of the cake blank is cut to form the rough blank. The forging deformation and the distribution of the blade disc forging formed by the manufacturing method are shown in figure 2, and the figure 2 shows that: equivalent strain during the die forging of the rough blank is small, deformation distribution is uneven, deformation dead zones exist, the allowance of the four rings of the hub of the forge piece is large, and the product quality is affected. Moreover, the manufacturing process has the following disadvantages: the middle hole cutting of the rough blank is adopted, the material removal amount is large, the hole cutting processing difficulty is large, the allowance of the four rings of the forging hub is large, and the raw material waste is serious due to the adoption of the rough blank and the hole cutting.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of small deformation and uneven deformation distribution of the conventional large-size variable-section blisk forge piece, and provides a manufacturing method of the large-size variable-section blisk forge piece, which is used for improving the overall deformation and distribution uniformity of the large-size variable-section blisk forge piece.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for manufacturing a TC17 large-size variable-section blisk forged piece,
firstly, designing an optimal theoretical forging blank and an optimal theoretical blank by adopting simulation according to the shape and the size of a TC17 large-size variable-section blisk part; designing a finish forging die according to the optimal theoretical forging blank, and designing a pre-forging die according to the optimal theoretical blank;
step two, preparing a finish forging die matched with the optimal theoretical forging blank; preparing a preforging die matched with the optimal theoretical blank;
thirdly, processing positioning holes in the centers of two ends of the bar stock along the axial direction after the bar stock is blanked to form a bar stock before forging;
moving the bar blank to a pre-forging die for pre-forging to prepare a pre-forged blank;
transferring the pre-forging blank to a finish forging die for finish forging to prepare a forging blank;
the pre-forging blank comprises a hub forming part in the middle and a disc forming part on the periphery along the radial direction of the pre-forging blank; the wheel disc transition surface between the hub forming part and the disc body forming part extends to the middle part along the axial direction and is an inclined plane inclined outwards along the radial direction.
Furthermore, positioning blind holes are formed in two ends of the hub forming part of the pre-forging blank, the positioning blind holes on the side where the hub is located are stepped, and the hole wall of each positioning blind hole is in an inwards-concave arc shape; the positioning blind hole on the other side is in a step shape, and the hole wall is in a linear shape; the step progression of the positioning blind hole on the side of the hub is smaller than that of the positioning blind hole on the other side.
Further, the forging blank comprises a central hub part and a peripheral disc part along the radial direction of the forging blank; one end of the forging blank where the axial hub is located is a front end, and the other end of the forging blank is a rear end; the hub part and the front end transition surface of the disk body part form an inclined surface which extends to the middle part along the axial direction and inclines outwards along the radial direction; the rear end of the forging blank, the hub part and the rear end transition surface of the disk body part form a step surface which extends to the middle part along the axial direction and extends outwards along the radial direction.
Furthermore, the rear end of the forging blank is provided with a groove which is inwards sunken along the axial direction of the hub part.
Furthermore, the rear end of the forging blank is provided with a protruding part protruding outwards along the axial direction of the disc body part, and the protruding part and the front end face of the disc body part are in arc transition.
Further, the specific operation of the step one is as follows:
step 3, performing a simulation finish forging process on the theoretical blank by adopting simulation, and performing local characteristic optimization on the theoretical forging blank according to a simulation structure to obtain an optimal theoretical forging blank and an optimal theoretical blank;
step 4, designing a finish forging die matched with the optimal theoretical forging blank; and designing a preforging die for the optimal theoretical blank adaptation.
Further, step 3 comprises the following steps:
step 3.1, carrying out simulation on the theoretical rough blank obtained in the step 2 in the finish forging process to obtain a simulated forged piece;
step 3.2, comparing the deformation and the deformation distribution of the simulated forge piece with the TC17 large-size variable-section blisk part;
3.3, comparing the result that the effective deformation area of the simulated forge piece is matched with the TC17 large-size variable-section blisk part, wherein the theoretical forge piece in the step 1 is the optimal theoretical forge piece, and the theoretical blank in the step 2 is the optimal theoretical blank;
and (3) correcting the theoretical forging in the step (1) if the comparison result shows that the effective deformation area of the simulated forging is not consistent with the blisk part, and then sequentially repeating the step (2), the step (3.1), the step (3.2) and the step (3.3).
The invention has the beneficial effects that: through adopting the preforging preparation pierced billet, compare with traditional upset cake postprocessing and obtain pierced billet, have following advantage:
firstly, the forging heat number is not increased, the change degree of the section of the forge piece is greatly slowed down in the process of pre-forging the blank to the forge piece, the deformation is increased, the deformation distribution is more uniform, the effective deformation range is enlarged, the deformation dead zone is eliminated, the performance adequacy of the forge piece is high, and the use requirements of the blisk forge piece on the structure and the performance are easier to meet.
Secondly, as the deformation amount is increased and the deformation distribution is more uniform, the section size of the forging blank can be effectively reduced, and raw materials are saved;
thirdly, directly transferring the pre-forged piece formed by pre-forging to a finish forging die for finish forging without processing the pre-forged piece, thereby avoiding the problems of processing cost and raw material waste and having good consistency of the pre-forged piece; the allowance at the four rings of the hub is small, so that raw materials are saved.
And fourthly, obtaining an optimal forging blank through digital simulation, enabling the shape of the forging blank obtained through actual finish forging to be closer to that of the required TC17 large-size variable-section blisk part, reducing the section size of the forging, further facilitating the saving of raw materials, simultaneously facilitating the rapid cooling after forging and facilitating the improvement of the forging performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a TC17 large size variable cross-section blisk forging;
FIG. 2 is an equivalent strain diagram of a blisk forging obtained using the prior art;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a billet of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the preforging of the billet of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the pre-forge of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a forging blank of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an equivalent strain diagram of a blisk forging forged from the present invention.
Reference numerals: the wheel disc comprises a bar blank 1, a positioning hole 1A, a pre-forging blank 2, a wheel hub forming part 2A, a disc body forming part 2B, a wheel disc transition surface 2C, a positioning blind hole 2D, a forging blank 3, a wheel hub part 3A, a groove 3A1, a disc body part 3B, a protruding part 3B1, a front end transition surface 3C and a rear end transition surface 3D.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the manufacturing method of the TC17 large-size variable-section blisk forge piece comprises the steps of firstly, designing an optimal theoretical forge piece blank and an optimal theoretical blank by adopting digital simulation according to the shape and the size of a TC17 large-size variable-section blisk part, and designing a pre-forging die and a final forging die according to the optimal theoretical forge piece blank.
Step two, preparing a finish forging die matched with the optimal theoretical forging blank; preparing a preforging die matched with the optimal theoretical blank;
the pre-forging die and the finish-forging die are designed according to the shape and the size of the TC17 large-size variable-cross-section blisk part, the forging blank obtained through digital simulation and the optimal theoretical blank, so that the shape of the forging blank obtained through forging by adopting the pre-forging die and the finish-forging die is closer to that of the required TC17 large-size variable-cross-section blisk part, the cross-section size of the forging blank can be effectively controlled, the waste rate of raw materials can be reduced, the utilization rate of the raw materials is improved, meanwhile, the rapid cooling after forging is facilitated, and the performance of the forging is improved.
In the process of designing the die, the local characteristics of the theoretical rough blank and the theoretical forged blank are adjusted according to the requirements of materials on the deformation and by combining a numerical simulation technology, so that the deformation can be improved, the uniform distribution of the deformation is realized, and the purpose of eliminating the deformation dead zone is achieved.
And step three, processing positioning holes 1A in the centers of two ends of the bar stock along the axial direction after the bar stock is blanked to form a bar stock 1 before forging. The structure of the bar blank 1 is as shown in fig. 3, only a positioning hole 1A needs to be processed at the center of the bar blank, other processing is not needed, and the processing is simple and easy.
And step four, moving the bar billet 1 to a pre-forging die for pre-forging to prepare a pre-forged billet 2, wherein the die forging equipment is an 800MN die forging press. In this step, the bar stock 1 only needs to be processed with the positioning holes 1A, and does not need to be processed by other methods such as cake upsetting and the like.
And step five, transferring the pre-forging blank 2 to a finish forging die for finish forging to prepare a forging blank 3, wherein the forging equipment is an 800MN (MN) forging press. The pre-forging blank 2 is directly moved to a finish forging die for finish forging without processing and the like. Compared with the traditional processing mode, the pre-forging blank 2 does not need to be processed, the loss of material cutting is avoided, and in the process from the pre-forging blank 2 to the forging blank 3, the cross section change degree is relieved, so that the problem of uneven distribution of deformation caused by violent change of the cross section is relieved.
The invention uses the preforging die with digital simulation design to preforg the preforging blank 2, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the radial direction includes the hub forming part 2A at the middle part and the disk body forming part 2B at the periphery; the wheel disc transition surface 2C between the hub forming part 2A and the disc body forming part 2B is an inclined plane which extends to the middle part along the axial direction and inclines outwards along the radial direction. The pre-forging blank 2 has the appearance of a TC17 large-size variable-section blisk part, so that the section change degree between the pre-forging blank 2 and a forging blank 3 formed after finish forging is relieved, and the deformation distribution is more uniform.
The two ends of the hub forming part 2A of the pre-forging blank 2 are provided with positioning blind holes 2D, and because the deformation distribution at the hole position and the section change part is easy to generate uneven phenomenon, in order to improve the deformation at the hole position and the distribution uniformity and meet the performance requirement, the preferred positioning blind holes 2D on the side of the hub are in a step shape, and the hole wall is in an inwards concave arc shape; the positioning blind hole 2D on the other side is in a step shape, and the hole wall is in a linear shape; the step progression of the positioning blind hole 2D on the side of the hub is smaller than that of the positioning blind hole 2D on the other side. After the preforging blank 2 with the structure is subjected to finish forging to form a forging blank 3, the minimum effective strain at the position of a hole and the position of a section change is larger than 0.25, and the position can be cut off as the machining allowance of the forging blank 3.
A forging blank 3 obtained by forging the pre-forging blank 2 on a finish forging die is shown in fig. 6, and comprises a hub part 3A at the middle part and a disk body part 3B at the periphery along the radial direction; one end of the forging blank 3 where the hub is located along the axial direction is a front end, and the other end of the forging blank is a rear end; the front end of the forging blank 3, the hub part 3A and the front end transition surface 3C of the disk body part 3B are inclined planes which extend to the middle part along the axial direction and incline outwards along the radial direction; the rear end of the forging blank 3, the hub part 3A and the rear end transition surface 3D of the disk body part 3B are stepped surfaces which extend to the middle part along the axial direction and extend outwards along the radial direction. The front end transition surface 3C of the forging blank 3 is formed by extruding a wheel disc transition surface 2C at the front end of the pre-forging blank 2, the equivalent strain capacity is large, and the equivalent strain capacity at the front end transition surface 3C reaches 0.875. The rear end transition surface 3D is a stepped surface, and machining allowance is reserved so as to ensure that the performance of the machined forge piece at each position meets the requirement.
In order to further reduce the sectional dimension of the forging blank 3 and to rapidly cool the forging blank after forging, which is advantageous for improving the forging performance, the rear end of the forging blank 3 is provided with a groove 3A1 recessed inward in the axial direction thereof in the hub portion 3A.
In order to further improve the deformation and improve the uniformity of the distribution of the deformation, the rear end of the forging blank 3 is provided with a boss 3B1 protruding outwards along the axial direction of the disk body 3B, and the boss 3B1 and the front end face of the disk body 3B are in arc transition.
The equivalent strain diagram of the forging blank 3 is shown in fig. 7, and it can be known from the equivalent strain diagram that: 1. the minimum equivalent strain of the forging blank 3 is increased to 0.5. The area coverage area of the equivalent strain amount larger than 0.875 is large and is distributed in the hub part 3A and the disc part 3B in a concentrated manner, almost no deformation dead zone exists, the performance margin of the forged piece obtained by processing the forged piece blank 3 is high, and the use requirement of a high-performance aeroengine can be met; 2. the allowance at the four rings of the hub is reduced, which is beneficial to saving raw materials.
Further, the specific operation of the step one is as follows:
step 3, performing a digital simulation finish forging process on the theoretical blank by adopting digital simulation, and performing local characteristic optimization on the theoretical forging blank according to a simulation structure to obtain an optimal theoretical forging blank and an optimal theoretical blank;
step 4, designing a finish forging die matched with the optimal theoretical forging blank; and designing a preforging die for the optimal theoretical blank adaptation.
By optimizing local characteristics of the theoretical forging blank, the deformation is improved, the deformation is uniformly distributed, and the deformation dead zone is eliminated, so that the optimal theoretical forging blank and the optimal theoretical rough blank are accurately obtained. Accurate acquisition of the optimal theoretical forging blank and the optimal theoretical blank is more beneficial to reducing the later-stage processing amount, saving raw materials, further reducing the maximum section size of the forge piece gathered in the actual forging process, and being beneficial to cooling after forging.
Further, step 3 comprises the following steps:
step 3.1, carrying out digital simulation on the theoretical rough blank obtained in the step 2 in the finish forging process to obtain a simulated forge piece;
step 3.2, comparing the deformation and the deformation distribution of the simulated forge piece with the TC17 large-size variable-section blisk part;
3.3, comparing the result that the effective deformation area of the simulated forge piece is matched with the TC17 large-size variable-section blisk part, wherein the theoretical forge piece in the step 1 is the optimal theoretical forge piece, and the theoretical blank in the step 2 is the optimal theoretical blank;
and (3) correcting the theoretical forging in the step (1) if the comparison result shows that the effective deformation area of the simulated forging is not consistent with the blisk part, and then sequentially repeating the step (2), the step (3.1), the step (3.2) and the step (3.3).
The method and the traditional mode disclosed by the invention are respectively adopted to obtain the first-stage blisk for a certain aeroengine with the same specification, and the results are as follows:
the whole manufacturing process is changed from upsetting cake blank manufacturing into pre-forging blank manufacturing, the forging heat number is not increased, and the table shows that: the weight of raw materials required by a single forging is reduced by at least 40Kg, and the minimum equivalent strain of a forging blank is improved by 4 times.
Claims (7)
- The method for manufacturing the TC17 large-size variable-section blisk forge piece is characterized by comprising the following steps of:firstly, designing an optimal theoretical forging blank and an optimal theoretical blank by adopting simulation according to the shape and the size of a TC17 large-size variable-section blisk part; designing a finish forging die according to the optimal theoretical forging blank, and designing a pre-forging die according to the optimal theoretical blank;step two, preparing a finish forging die matched with the optimal theoretical forging blank; preparing a preforging die matched with the optimal theoretical blank;thirdly, processing positioning holes (1A) in the centers of two ends of the bar stock along the axial direction after blanking the bar stock to form a bar stock (1) before forging;fourthly, moving the bar blank (1) to a pre-forging die for pre-forging to prepare a pre-forged blank (2);fifthly, transferring the pre-forged blank (2) to a finish forging die for finish forging to prepare a forged blank (3);the pre-forging blank (2) comprises a hub forming part (2A) in the middle and a disc forming part (2B) on the periphery along the radial direction of the pre-forging blank; the wheel disc transition surface (2C) between the hub forming part (2A) and the disc body forming part (2B) is an inclined surface which extends to the middle part along the axial direction and inclines outwards along the radial direction.
- 2. The method for manufacturing the TC17 large-size variable-section blisk forging as claimed in claim 1, wherein: positioning blind holes (2D) are formed in two ends of a hub forming part (2A) of the pre-forging blank (2), the positioning blind holes (2D) on the side of the hub are in a step shape, and the hole wall of each positioning blind hole is in an inwards concave arc shape; the positioning blind hole (2D) on the other side is in a step shape, and the hole wall is in a linear shape; the step progression of the positioning blind hole (2D) on the side of the hub is smaller than that of the positioning blind hole (2D) on the other side.
- 3. The method for manufacturing the TC17 large-size variable-section blisk forging as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the forging blank (3) comprises a hub part (3A) in the middle and a disc part (3B) on the periphery along the radial direction of the forging blank; one end of the forging blank (3) where the hub is located along the axial direction is a front end, and the other end of the forging blank is a rear end; the front end of the forging blank (3), the hub part (3A) and the front end transition surface (3C) of the disc body part (3B) are inclined surfaces which extend to the middle part along the axial direction and incline outwards along the radial direction; the rear end of the forging blank (3), the hub part (3A) and the rear end transition surface (3D) of the disc body part (3B) are stepped surfaces which extend to the middle part along the axial direction and extend outwards along the radial direction.
- 4. The method for manufacturing the TC17 large-size variable-section blisk forging as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the rear end of the forging blank (3) is provided with a groove (3A1) which is recessed inwards along the axial direction of the hub part (3A).
- 5. The method for manufacturing the TC17 large-size variable-section blisk forging as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the rear end of the forging blank (3) is provided with a protruding part (3B1) protruding outwards along the axial direction of the disc body part (3B) at the outer side of the disc body part (3B), and the protruding part (3B1) and the front end face of the disc body part (3B) are in arc transition.
- 6. The method for manufacturing the TC17 large-size variable-section blisk forging as claimed in any one of claims 1-5, wherein: the specific operation of the first step is as follows:step 1, designing a theoretical forging blank suitable for a TC17 large-size variable-section blisk part according to the outline of the TC17 large-size variable-section blisk part and the machining amount requirement;step 2, performing simulation on the theoretical forging blank to calculate a theoretical blank;step 3, performing a simulation finish forging process on the theoretical blank by adopting simulation, and performing local characteristic optimization on the theoretical forging blank according to a simulation structure to obtain an optimal theoretical forging blank and an optimal theoretical blank;step 4, designing a finish forging die matched with the optimal theoretical forging blank; and designing a preforging die for the optimal theoretical blank adaptation.
- 7. The method for manufacturing the TC17 large-size variable-section blisk forging as claimed in claim 6, wherein:the step 3 comprises the following steps:step 3.1, carrying out simulation on the theoretical rough blank obtained in the step 2 in the finish forging process to obtain a simulated forged piece;step 3.2, comparing the deformation and the deformation distribution of the simulated forge piece with the TC17 large-size variable-section blisk part;3.3, comparing the result that the effective deformation area of the simulated forge piece is matched with the TC17 large-size variable-section blisk part, wherein the theoretical forge piece in the step 1 is the optimal theoretical forge piece, and the theoretical blank in the step 2 is the optimal theoretical blank;and (3) correcting the theoretical forging in the step (1) if the comparison result shows that the effective deformation area of the simulated forging is not consistent with the blisk part, and then sequentially repeating the step (2), the step (3.1), the step (3.2) and the step (3.3).
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| CN114378233A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-04-22 | 上海交通大学 | Manufacturing method of Ti2 AlNb-based alloy dual-performance blisk |
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