CN113506990B - Compact multimode broadband circularly polarized cavity-backed slot antenna and antenna array - Google Patents
Compact multimode broadband circularly polarized cavity-backed slot antenna and antenna array Download PDFInfo
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- CN113506990B CN113506990B CN202110780205.6A CN202110780205A CN113506990B CN 113506990 B CN113506990 B CN 113506990B CN 202110780205 A CN202110780205 A CN 202110780205A CN 113506990 B CN113506990 B CN 113506990B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
- H01Q13/18—Resonant slot antennas the slot being backed by, or formed in boundary wall of, a resonant cavity ; Open cavity antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/064—Two dimensional planar arrays using horn or slot aerials
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Abstract
The invention discloses a compact multi-mode broadband circularly polarized back cavity slot antenna and an antenna array, wherein the mode broadband circularly polarized back cavity slot antenna comprises: a feed cavity; the feed gap is arranged at the bottom of the feed cavity and provided with a probe; the two triangular prisms are symmetrically arranged in the feed cavity, and the feed gap is arranged between the two triangular prisms; and the size of the triangular prism can be adjusted, so that the two axial ratio passbands are close to each other to form a broadband axial ratio curve. The antenna of the invention has simpler antenna structure while realizing the bandwidth of the broad axis ratio.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a compact multi-mode broadband circularly polarized back cavity slot antenna and an antenna array.
Background
The traditional circular polarization antenna is designed by using a pair of degenerate modes, and the bandwidth is narrow, because the pair of degenerate modes can only generate one axial ratio minimum value point. In the cavity-backed slot antenna, in order to improve the axial ratio bandwidth of the circularly polarized antenna, a feed structure with broadband matching characteristics is usually introduced, and a conventional power division feed network and some other coupling structures are commonly used. Therefore, most broadband circularly polarized cavity-backed slot antennas are array antennas. Or the axial ratio bandwidth is improved by introducing a multi-layer feed waveguide structure and a coupling cavity structure. Generally speaking, these broadband antennas are added with extra structures to increase the axial ratio bandwidth.
Thus, there is a need for improvements and enhancements in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention provides a compact multi-mode broadband circular polarization cavity-backed slot antenna and an antenna array, which are designed to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art that an additional structure is required to increase the axial ratio bandwidth.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a compact multi-mode broadband circularly polarized back cavity slot antenna, wherein the compact multi-mode broadband circularly polarized back cavity slot antenna comprises: a feed cavity; the feed gap is arranged at the bottom of the feed cavity and provided with a probe; the two triangular prisms are symmetrically arranged in the feed cavity, and the feed gap is arranged between the two triangular prisms; and a radiating slot disposed at the top of the feed cavity; the size of the triangular prism can be adjusted to enable the two axial ratio pass bands to be close to each other, and a broadband axial ratio curve is formed.
In one implementation, the radiation aperture is a cross-shaped radiation aperture.
In one implementation, the triangular prism is embedded in a corner of the feeding cavity.
In one implementation, the compact multimode broadband circularly polarized cavity-backed slot antenna is of an all-metal structure.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna array formed by a compact multi-mode wideband circularly polarized cavity-backed slot antenna according to any one of the above solutions, where cross-shaped radiation slots on the antenna array are arranged in a 2 × 2 manner to form a 2 × 2 slot array.
In one implementation, the triangular prisms on the antenna array are configured as stepped triangular prisms.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention provides a compact multi-mode broadband circularly polarized back cavity slot antenna and an antenna array, wherein the mode broadband circularly polarized back cavity slot antenna comprises: a feed cavity; the feed gap is arranged at the bottom of the feed cavity and provided with a probe; the two triangular prisms are symmetrically arranged in the feed cavity, and the feed gap is arranged between the two triangular prisms; and the radiation gap is arranged at the top of the feed cavity, and the size of the triangular prism can be adjusted to enable the two axial ratio pass bands to be close to each other so as to form a broadband axial ratio curve. The antenna of the invention has simpler antenna structure while realizing the bandwidth of the broad axis ratio.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an implementation principle of a wideband circularly polarized antenna using two pairs of degenerate modes according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a compact multimode broadband circularly polarized cavity-backed slot antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of a compact multimode broadband circularly polarized cavity-backed slot antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a graph showing the variation of the frequency and axial ratio performance of the compact multimode broadband circularly polarized cavity-backed slot antenna according to the size of the prism.
Fig. 5 is a comparison diagram of a broadband circular polarization simulation result of a single cross slot in the compact multimode broadband circularly polarized cavity-backed slot antenna and an axial ratio performance of the single cross slot to a narrowband circular polarization provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna array formed based on a compact multi-mode broadband circularly polarized cavity-backed slot antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a graph of axial ratio performance of an antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present invention as a function of prism size.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a simulation result of an antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and effects of the present invention clearer and clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
It should be noted that if directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, top, bottom, inner, outer, vertical, transverse, longitudinal, counterclockwise, clockwise, circumferential, radial, axial … …) are involved in the present embodiment, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, motion, etc. of the components in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are changed accordingly.
In addition, if there is a description in this embodiment referring to "first" or "second", etc., the description of "first" or "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present claims.
The conventional circular polarization antenna is designed by using a pair of degenerate modes, and the bandwidth is narrow, because the pair of degenerate modes can only generate a very small value point of axial ratio. In the cavity-backed slot antenna, in order to improve the axial ratio bandwidth of the circularly polarized antenna, a feed structure with broadband matching characteristics is usually introduced, and a conventional power division feed network and some other coupling structures are commonly used. Therefore, most broadband circularly polarized cavity-backed slot antennas are array antennas. Or the axial ratio bandwidth is improved by introducing a multi-layer feed waveguide structure and a coupling cavity structure. Generally speaking, these broadband antennas are added with extra structures to increase the axial ratio bandwidth.
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a compact multi-mode broadband circularly polarized cavity-backed slot antenna based on two pairs of degenerate modes and an antenna array. In a single cavity, two pairs of degenerate modes (four resonant modes) are excited, each pair of degenerate modes can independently form an axial ratio frequency band, and two separated axial ratio frequency bands are combined by introducing a perturbation structure to form a wide axial ratio bandwidth with two axial ratio minima. Compared with the traditional broadband circularly polarized antenna, the antenna provided by the invention has a simpler antenna structure. The principle of the compact multi-mode broadband circularly polarized back-cavity slot antenna is shown in fig. 1, and the broadband circularly polarized antenna is designed by utilizing two pairs of degenerate modes, wherein each pair of degenerate modes generates an axial ratio minimum point, and the two minimum points are close to each other through proper perturbation, so that a broadband axial ratio bandwidth with two axial ratio minimum points is formed.
In particular, the present embodiment provides a compact multi-mode broadband circularly polarized cavity-backed slot antenna, as shown in fig. 2 and 3. The compact multimode broadband circularly polarized cavity-backed slot antenna comprises: a feed cavity; the feed gap is arranged at the bottom of the feed cavity and provided with a probe; the two triangular prisms are symmetrically arranged in the feed cavity, and the feed gap is arranged between the two triangular prisms; and a radiating slot disposed at a top of the feed cavity. The radiation gap is a cross-shaped radiation gap. Also, as can be seen in fig. 3, one side of the cross-shaped radiation slit is parallel to one side of the triangular prism. The triangular prism in this embodiment is embedded in a corner of the feeding cavity. In this embodiment, the size of the triangular prism may be adjusted to make the two axial ratio passbands close to each other, so as to form a broadband axial ratio curve. That is, the present embodiment can be implemented by adjusting L on the triangular prism in fig. 3 t1 The broadband axial ratio is adjusted, so that the circularly polarized cavity-backed slot antenna designed by two pairs of degenerate modes in a single cavity has the bandwidth of the broadband axial ratio. In addition, in this embodiment, the compact multimode broadband circularly polarized back cavity slot antenna is of an all-metal structure, that is, the whole cavity is of a metal structure without additional dielectric loss, and the reactive shunt feed network reduces the energy loss of the feed structure.
In this embodiment, a simulation test is also performed on the circularly polarized cavity backed slot antenna, and fig. 4 shows a simulation result of the broadband circularly polarized antenna with a single antenna unit, that is, curves of frequency and axial ratio performance along with the change of the prism size are given, where (a) is a | S11| curve; and (b) is an axial ratio curve. To illustrate the broadband performance of the antenna of the present invention, an axial ratio curve based on a pair of degenerate modes is also placed in the figure for comparison, as shown in fig. 5. As can be seen from fig. 5, the circularly polarized antenna designed by using two pairs of degenerate modes in a single cavity has an axial bandwidth of 13.8% and is much wider than the 1% axial bandwidth of one pair of degenerate modes.
Based on the above embodiment, the present invention further provides an antenna array obtained based on the circular polarization cavity-backed slot antenna. As shown in fig. 6, the antenna array is a 2 × 2 slot array, which is designed based on a single resonant cavity. In the antenna array, the cross-shaped radiation slot is set to be in a 2 × 2 form, the triangular prism in fig. 2 is modified into a step-shaped triangular prism as shown in fig. 6, and the two axial ratio passbands are close to each other by adjusting the size of the triangular prism, so that a broadband axial ratio curve can be formed. Likewise, in this embodiment, the antenna array is an all-metal structure, that is, the whole cavity is a metal structure without additional dielectric loss, and the reactive shunt feed network reduces the energy loss of the feed structure.
In order to verify the simulation design of the antenna array, the 2 × 2 broadband circular polarized slot antenna array is processed and tested in this embodiment. Fig. 7 shows the axial ratio performance of the broadband circularly polarized antenna array as a function of prism size. Fig. 8 (a) is a graph comparing measured and simulated | S11| and total efficiency of the antenna array, and fig. 8 (b) is a graph comparing measured and simulated | gain and axial ratio. The 10-dB impedance bandwidth, 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth and 3-dB gain bandwidth of the antenna are from 3.82GHz to 4.44GHz, and
the fractional bandwidth should be about 15%. The measured gain in the operating band is from 10.3dB ic to 11.8dB ic. In the whole working frequency band, the total efficiency of the antenna is greater than 90%, the highest efficiency reaches 96%, and the total efficiency of the antenna is greater than 93% and the highest efficiency reaches 99.5%. The high efficiency of the antenna is that the full metal structure is adopted, so that no extra dielectric loss exists, and the energy loss of the feed structure is reduced by the reactive power splitting feed network.
In summary, the present invention discloses a compact multi-mode broadband circularly polarized cavity-backed slot antenna and an antenna array, wherein the mode broadband circularly polarized cavity-backed slot antenna comprises: a feed cavity; the feed gap is arranged at the bottom of the feed cavity and provided with a probe; the two triangular prisms are symmetrically arranged in the feed cavity, and the feed gap is arranged between the two triangular prisms; and the size of the triangular prism can be adjusted, so that the two axial ratio passbands are close to each other to form a broadband axial ratio curve. The antenna of the invention has wider axial ratio bandwidth, does not increase the size of the antenna and has simpler antenna structure.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A compact multi-mode broadband circularly polarized back cavity slot antenna, comprising: a resonant cavity; a feed cavity; the feed gap is arranged at the bottom of the resonant cavity and provided with a probe and an SMA port; the two triangular prisms are symmetrically arranged in the resonant cavity, and the feed gap is arranged between the two triangular prisms; and a radiation slot disposed at the top of the resonant cavity; the triangular prism is arranged in a step shape; the size of the triangular prism can be adjusted, so that the two axial ratio pass bands are close to each other to form a broadband axial ratio curve; two pairs of degenerate modes are excited in a single cavity, each pair of degenerate modes independently forms an axial ratio frequency band, a perturbation structure is introduced, and two separated axial ratio frequency bands are combined to form a wide axial ratio bandwidth with two axial ratio minimum value points.
2. The compact multi-mode broadband circularly polarized cavity-backed slot antenna of claim 1, wherein the radiating slot is a cross-shaped radiating slot.
3. The compact multi-mode broadband circularly polarized cavity-backed slot antenna of claim 1, wherein the triangular prism is embedded at a corner of the resonant cavity.
4. The compact multi-mode broadband circularly polarized back cavity slot antenna of claim 1, wherein the compact multi-mode broadband circularly polarized back cavity slot antenna is an all-metal structure.
5. An antenna array formed by the compact multi-mode broadband circularly polarized cavity-backed slot antenna as recited in any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the cross-shaped radiation slots of the antenna array are arranged in a 2 x 2 pattern to form a 2 x 2 slot array.
6. An antenna array according to claim 5, wherein the triangular prisms on the antenna array are arranged as stepped triangular prisms.
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| CN202110780205.6A CN113506990B (en) | 2021-07-09 | 2021-07-09 | Compact multimode broadband circularly polarized cavity-backed slot antenna and antenna array |
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| CN202110780205.6A CN113506990B (en) | 2021-07-09 | 2021-07-09 | Compact multimode broadband circularly polarized cavity-backed slot antenna and antenna array |
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| CN113506990B true CN113506990B (en) | 2023-03-24 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| TWI416797B (en) * | 2009-12-08 | 2013-11-21 | Univ Nat Defense | Wide - frequency circularly polarized circular slot antenna |
| CN103490153A (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2014-01-01 | 电子科技大学 | Subminiature ultra-wide-band helical antenna |
| US10483648B2 (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2019-11-19 | The Mitre Corporation | Cavity-backed annular slot antenna array |
| CN109638425A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-16 | 西安电子科技大学 | Small wide frequency wide-beam carries on the back chamber plane Monobrachial spiral antenna |
| CN111987467B (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2023-06-09 | 南京工程学院 | Method for expanding axial ratio bandwidth of back cavity slot circularly polarized antenna |
| CN112736427B (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2022-05-20 | 西安交通大学 | Dual-band dual-circular-polarization mixed dielectric resonator antenna for vehicle-mounted internal device |
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