CN113504688A - Quantum correlated photon pair generation device and method with controllable output spectrum - Google Patents

Quantum correlated photon pair generation device and method with controllable output spectrum Download PDF

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CN113504688A
CN113504688A CN202110778234.9A CN202110778234A CN113504688A CN 113504688 A CN113504688 A CN 113504688A CN 202110778234 A CN202110778234 A CN 202110778234A CN 113504688 A CN113504688 A CN 113504688A
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nonlinear medium
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李小英
崔亮
王锦津
冯昊
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Tianjin University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/3501—Constructional details or arrangements of non-linear optical devices, e.g. shape of non-linear crystals
    • G02F1/3507—Arrangements comprising two or more nonlinear optical devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/353—Frequency conversion, i.e. wherein a light beam is generated with frequency components different from those of the incident light beams
    • G02F1/3536—Four-wave interaction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/353—Frequency conversion, i.e. wherein a light beam is generated with frequency components different from those of the incident light beams
    • G02F1/3544—Particular phase matching techniques
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/365—Non-linear optics in an optical waveguide structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a quantum-associated photon pair generation device with controllable output spectrum, which consists of a device body and comprises a pulse laser, a filter, a first nonlinear medium, a second nonlinear medium and a multi-channel filter, wherein the pulse laser is connected with the filter; a reconfigurable optical 4F system of quantum-correlated photon pair output is disposed between the first nonlinear medium and the second nonlinear medium, the optical 4F system comprising: the spatial light modulator comprises a first grating, a first convex lens, a spatial light modulator and a second convex lens; the first grating is positioned at the front focus of the first convex lens, the spatial light modulator is positioned at the back focus of the first convex lens, the front focus of the second convex lens is overlapped with the back focus of the first convex lens, and the second grating is positioned at the back focus of the second convex lens.

Description

Quantum correlated photon pair generation device and method with controllable output spectrum
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of quantum information science and technology, and relates to preparation of various quantum states based on a nonlinear optical parametric process, including quantum-associated photons, single photons, twin beams and the like, in particular to a quantum-associated photon pair generation device and method with controllable output spectrum.
Background
Optical parametric processes in nonlinear mediaIs an effective method for preparing optical quantum state. Common optical parametric processes include χ(2)Parametric down-conversion process in second order nonlinear media and chi(3)Four-wave mixing process in third order nonlinear medium. Without loss of generality, the following discussion will be made by taking the example of a pulsed optically pumped four-wave mixing process. From a quantum mechanical point of view, the four-wave mixing process can be considered as: two photons from the pump light field annihilate and simultaneously generate a pair of signals with frequencies respectively omegasAnd ωiAnd the process satisfies conservation of energy and conservation of momentum. The pair of photons generated is referred to as a signal photon and an idler photon, respectively, and the corresponding optical fields are referred to as a signal optical field and an idler optical field, respectively. The spectral characteristics of the signal photons and idler photons produced by the parametric process may be represented by a joint spectral function F (ω)s,ωi) A description is given. Joint spectral function F (omega)s,ωi) Proportional to the frequency of a pair of signalssAnd ωiThe signal photons and the idler photons. Different quantum information applications often require quantum-associated photon pairs with specific joint spectral functions, for example, a declared single photon source based on quantum-associated photon pairs requires quantum-associated photon pairs with decomposable joint spectral functions, i.e., the joint spectral function can be written as F (ω [ - ])s,ωi)＝S(ωs)I(ωi) In the form of (1). How to flexibly and accurately control the spectral characteristics of quantum-associated photon pairs is an important problem in the research of optical quantum state preparation.
First, consider the case of pumping a single-section homogeneous nonlinear medium with a gaussian-type pulsed light. The joint spectral function of the quantum-associated photon pairs generated by the four-wave mixing process depends on the Gaussian pump envelope function
Figure BDA0003155143010000011
And phase matching function
Figure BDA0003155143010000012
The product of (a):
Figure BDA0003155143010000013
wherein, ω isp0Is the central frequency, σ, of the pump lightpThe wavelength of the pump, signal and idler is related to the frequency by λ for the bandwidth of the pump lightj＝2πc/ωj(j ═ p, s, i, and c denotes the speed of light); l is the length of the nonlinear medium, and delta k is 2kp-ks-ki-2γPpFor wave vector mismatch in non-linear media, kp、ksAnd kiRepresenting the propagation constants of the pump, signal and idler photons, respectively, gamma representing the nonlinear coefficient of the medium, PpRepresenting the peak power of the pump light.
Then a two-stage structure that a single-section uniform dispersion medium is arranged between two identical uniform nonlinear media is considered. The effect of the dispersive medium here is only to introduce dispersion and not to produce quantum-correlated photon pairs. The joint spectrum of quantum-associated photon pairs can now be written as
Figure BDA0003155143010000021
One more interference term than in the single-stage case
Figure BDA0003155143010000022
Where Δ φ is 2 φp-φs-φiIs the phase difference introduced by the dispersive medium, depending on the dispersion and length of the dispersive medium. By varying the dispersion and length of the dispersive medium, a pair of interference terms can be achieved
Figure BDA0003155143010000023
Thereby realizing the control of quantum-associated photons on the joint spectrum.
However, since the phase difference Δ Φ introduced by the dispersive medium is determined after the dispersive medium is determined, if Δ Φ is changed, the length of the dispersive medium needs to be changed or the dispersive medium needs to be replaced, which brings inconvenience to practical application. If delta phi can be controlled more flexibly, the flexibility and accuracy of quantum-associated photon pair joint spectrum control can be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, a phase control device consisting of two gratings, two convex lenses and a spatial light modulator is arranged between two sections of the same uniform nonlinear medium, and the flexible regulation and control of quantum-associated photons on frequency spectrum are realized by changing the phases introduced by the phase control device at different frequencies.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a quantum-associated photon pair generation device with controllable output spectrum comprises a device body, a pulse laser, a filter, a first nonlinear medium, a second nonlinear medium and a multi-channel filter, wherein the pulse laser is connected with the filter; an optical 4F system capable of controlling the output spectrum of the quantum correlated photon pair is arranged between the first nonlinear medium and the second nonlinear medium, and the optical 4F system comprises: the grating structure comprises a first grating, a first convex lens, a spatial light modulator, a second convex lens and a second grating; the first grating is positioned at the front focus of the first convex lens, the spatial light modulator is positioned at the back focus of the first convex lens, the front focus of the second convex lens is overlapped with the back focus of the first convex lens, and the second grating is positioned at the back focus of the second convex lens.
Furthermore, the first nonlinear medium and the second nonlinear medium in each section are two sections of same blocky or second-order or third-order nonlinear media with waveguide structures.
Furthermore, each section of the first grating and the second grating are two same reflection gratings or transmission gratings; the first convex lens and the second convex lens are two same spherical convex lenses or cylindrical convex lenses.
The invention can also be implemented by adopting the following technology:
a quantum-associated photon pair generation method with controllable output spectrum adopts a generation device comprising a pulse laser, a filter, a first nonlinear medium, a first grating, a first convex lens, a spatial light modulator, a second convex lens, a second grating, a second nonlinear medium and a multi-channel filter; a controllable quantum correlation photon pair output spectrum optical 4F system is arranged between the first nonlinear medium and the second nonlinear medium, wherein the optical 4F system comprises: the grating structure comprises a first grating, a first convex lens, a spatial light modulator, a second convex lens and a second grating; the first grating is positioned at the front focus of the first convex lens, the spatial light modulator is positioned at the back focus of the first convex lens, the front focus of the second convex lens is overlapped with the back focus of the first convex lens, and the second grating is positioned at the back focus of the second convex lens; wherein: the optical 4F system realizes the control of quantum-associated photons on the output spectrum by the following steps:
s1, filtering pulse laser output by the pulse laser through a filter, and inputting the pulse laser as pump light into a first nonlinear medium, outputting quantum-associated photon pairs with quantum association through a parametric process in the first nonlinear medium, wherein photons in the quantum-associated photon pairs can be respectively called signal photons and idler frequency photons;
s2, the first grating spatially disperses the pump light and the quantum-associated photon pairs output by the first nonlinear medium in space, and the pump light and the quantum-associated photon pairs are incident to different positions of the spatial light modulator after passing through the first convex lens;
s3, the spatial light modulator introduces different phase delays to different frequencies of the pumping light and quantum associated photon pairs and outputs the pumping light, signal photons and idler frequency photons controlled by the phase delays by controlling the gray scale of pixels at the corresponding positions of the pumping light and quantum associated photon pairs;
s4, combining pump light, signal photons and idler photons into a beam in space by the second convex lens and the second grating, and inputting the beam into a second nonlinear medium, wherein quantum-associated photon pairs generated in the second nonlinear medium interfere with quantum-associated photon pairs generated in the first nonlinear medium in spectral intensity distribution;
and S5, the multichannel filter respectively filters and outputs the signal photons and the idler photons in the interfered quantum association photon pairs.
Further, the spatial light modulator introduces at different frequencies ω a phase function phi (ω) describingPhase delay, i.e. for frequency ωpThe phase delay introduced by the pump light can be expressed as phi (omega)p) To frequency of omegasThe phase delay introduced by a signal photon of (a) can be expressed as (ω)s) To frequency of omegaiThe phase delay introduced by the idler photon of (f) can be expressed as (ω)i)。
Further, the interference term between the quantum-associated photon pair generated in the second nonlinear medium and the quantum-associated photon pair generated in the first nonlinear medium on the spectrum intensity distribution is
Figure BDA0003155143010000031
Where Δ k is the mismatch of wave vectors between the pump light, the signal photon and the idler photon in the first nonlinear medium and the second nonlinear medium, L is the length of the first nonlinear medium and the second nonlinear medium, and Δ Φ ═ x Φ (ω ═ x Φ)p)-φ(ωs)-φ(ωi) The phase difference among pump light, signal photons and idler photons introduced by the spatial light modulator is 1 for a second-order nonlinear medium x and 2 for a third-order nonlinear medium x; when the first nonlinear medium and the second nonlinear medium are determined, Δ kL is fixed, where φ (ω)p)、φ(ωs)、φ(ωi) Independent control can be achieved by controlling the spatial light modulator and thus the interference term can be controlled by varying delta phi by defining different piecewise phase functions phi (omega)
Figure BDA0003155143010000032
The size of (d); namely, when the spatial light modulator is controlled to introduce different segmented phase functions phi (omega), the control of quantum associated photons on an output spectrum is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) by arranging a phase control device consisting of two gratings, two convex lenses and a spatial light modulator between two sections of nonlinear medium, controllable phase delay from 0 to 2 pi can be introduced at different frequencies, which phase delay is described by a phase function phi (omega). Compared with the method that the dispersion medium is arranged between two sections of nonlinear media to introduce the phase delay, the phase control device can improve the accuracy of the phase delay.
(2) The phase function phi (omega) corresponding to the phase control device can be defined according to the requirement, thereby controlling the phase difference delta phi introduced to the pump light, the signal photon and the idler photon and further controlling the interference term
Figure BDA0003155143010000041
And the spectrum of quantum correlated photon pairs. Compared with a two-stage structure based on a single-section dispersion medium arranged between two sections of nonlinear media, the device and the method can realize the output of the programmed and reconfigurable quantum-associated photon pair, thereby improving the flexibility of the quantum-associated photon pair in controlling the frequency spectrum.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a quantum-correlated photon pair generating device with controllable output spectrum according to the present invention. In the figure, 1 pulse laser, 2 filter, 3 first nonlinear medium, 4 first grating, 5 first convex lens, 6 spatial light modulator, 7 second convex lens, 8 second grating, 9 second nonlinear medium, 10 multi-channel filter; the solid lines with arrows represent the pump light and its transmission direction, the dashed lines with arrows represent the quantum associated photon pairs and their transmission direction, and the hollow lines with arrows represent the co-linearly propagating pump light and quantum associated photon pairs and their transmission direction.
Fig. 2 is a spectral intensity contour distribution, i.e., an envelope function contour distribution of pump light, of quantum correlated photon pairs generated in a single section of dispersion shifted fiber.
FIG. 3 is a graph of a piecewise phase function φ (ω).
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the substitution of the piecewise phase function of FIG. 3 into an interference term
Figure BDA0003155143010000042
And then obtaining an intensity contour distribution diagram of the interference term.
FIG. 5 is a quantum-correlated photon-pair spectral function output by the overall device
Figure BDA0003155143010000043
Spectral intensity distribution map of (a).
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The invention discloses a quantum-associated photon pair generation device with controllable output spectrum, which is structurally shown in figure 1 and comprises a pulse laser 1, a filter 2, a first nonlinear medium 3, a first grating 4, a first convex lens 5, a spatial light modulator 6, a second convex lens 7, a second grating 8, a second nonlinear medium 9 and a multi-channel filter 10.
The first nonlinear medium 3 and the second nonlinear medium 9 are two sections of same block-shaped or second-order or third-order nonlinear media with waveguide structures; the first grating 4 and the second grating 8 are two same reflection gratings or transmission gratings, the first convex lens 5 and the second convex lens 7 are two same spherical convex lenses or cylindrical convex lenses, the first grating 4 is located at the front focus of the first convex lens 5, the spatial light modulator 6 is located at the back focus of the first convex lens, the front focus of the second convex lens 7 is overlapped with the back focus of the first convex lens 5, and the second grating 8 is located at the back focus of the second convex lens 7. Between the first nonlinear medium 3 and the second nonlinear medium 9, the first grating 4, the first convex lens 5, the spatial light modulator 6, the second convex lens 7 and the second grating 8 form an optical 4F system.
The invention discloses a quantum associated photon pair generation method with controllable output spectrum, which comprises the following specific steps:
by adopting the device shown in fig. 1, pulse laser output by a pulse laser 1 is filtered by a filter 2 and then is input into a first nonlinear medium 3 as pump light, a quantum-associated photon pair is generated in a parametric process in the first nonlinear medium 3, and the frequencies of two photons in the generated quantum-associated photon pair are different from the pump light and can be respectively called as signal photon and idler frequency photon. The pumping light and the quantum-associated photon pairs output by the first nonlinear medium 3 are dispersed in space through the first grating 4, and then enter the spatial light modulator through the first convex lens 5 and then enter the spatial light modulator6, since the light with different frequencies corresponds to different pixels on the spatial light modulator, by controlling the gray scale of different pixels of the spatial light modulator 6, an arbitrary phase delay from 0 to 2 pi described by the phase function phi (omega) can be introduced at different frequencies for frequencies omega (omega)pThe phase delay introduced by the pump light can be expressed as phi (omega)p) To frequency of omegasThe phase delay introduced by a signal photon of (a) can be expressed as (ω)s) To frequency of omegaiThe phase delay introduced by the idler photon of (f) can be expressed as (ω)i). The pump light, the signal photon and the idler frequency photon which are output by the spatial light modulator 6 and are subjected to phase delay control are combined into a beam in space through a second convex lens and a second grating, and the beam is input into a second nonlinear medium. Since the quantum-associated photon pairs generated in the second nonlinear medium interfere with the quantum-associated photon pairs generated in the first nonlinear medium in the spectral intensity distribution, the quantum-associated photon pair spectrum function output by the whole device can be expressed as
Figure BDA0003155143010000051
Wherein F (ω)s,ωi) For a single-segment nonlinear medium, and
Figure BDA0003155143010000052
is an interference term, where Δ k is the mismatch of wave vectors between the pump light, the signal photon, and the idler photon in the first nonlinear medium and the second nonlinear medium, L is the length of the first nonlinear medium and the second nonlinear medium, and Δ φ ═ x φ (ω φ)p)-φ(ωs)-φ(ωi) (x is 1 for the second order nonlinear medium and 2 for the third order nonlinear medium) is the phase difference between the pump, signal and idler photons introduced by the spatial light modulator.
After the first nonlinear medium and the second nonlinear medium in the device are determinedΔ kL is then fixed, but φ (ω)p)、φ(ωs)、φ(ωi) Independent control can be achieved by controlling the spatial light modulator and thus the interference term can be controlled by varying delta phi by defining a phase function phi (omega)
Figure BDA0003155143010000053
And thus the output spectrum of the quantum-associated photon pair. For example, when Δ kL + Δ Φ is 0, the corresponding interference is maximum, and the output spectrum of the quantum-correlated photon pair is strongest, and when Δ kL + Δ Φ is pi, the corresponding interference is minimum, and the output spectrum of the quantum-correlated photon pair is weakest.
Finally, the multi-channel filter 10 is used to filter and output the signal photons and the idler photons in the interfered quantum-associated photon pairs respectively.
Examples
In this embodiment, the device is used to prepare quantum-associated photon pairs with uncorrelated spectra by using a dispersion shifted fiber as a nonlinear fiber.
The zero dispersion wavelength of the two-section dispersion displacement optical fiber is 1552.8nm, and the group velocity dispersion slope is 0.075ps/km/(nm)2The lengths were all 30 m. The pump pulse pump light is in a standard Gaussian spectrum, the central wavelength is 1553.33nm, and the full width at half maximum is 0.9 nm; gamma PpTake 1km-1. For convenience of discussion, the center frequency of the pump light is set to be omega in the inventionp0The central frequency of signal photons satisfying the phase matching condition is omegas0The idler photon frequency is omegai0. At omegas0And ωi0Nearby, it can be considered as Δ kL → 0, and the spectrum of the quantum-associated photon pair generated in the single-segment dispersion-shifted fiber can be approximated to the envelope function of the pump light, i.e. the spectrum of the quantum-associated photon pair generated in the single-segment dispersion-shifted fiber can be approximated to the envelope function of the pump light
Figure BDA0003155143010000061
The intensity distribution of this function is shown in fig. 2. Note that in FIG. 2 and the following discussion, the present invention uses the pump bandwidth σpAs a unit of frequency。
To produce spectrally uncorrelated quantum-correlated photon pairs, the present invention defines a piecewise phase function φ (ω) as shown in FIG. 3, i.e.:
Figure BDA0003155143010000062
wherein
Figure BDA0003155143010000063
This is an approximate relationship:
Figure BDA0003155143010000064
when substituting the piecewise phase function of FIG. 3 into the interference term
Figure BDA0003155143010000065
An intensity profile of the interference term is obtained, and the result is shown in fig. 4. Further obtaining the quantum associated photon pair spectrum function output by the whole device
Figure BDA0003155143010000066
Figure BDA0003155143010000067
The result is shown in fig. 5. As can be seen from fig. 5, the intensity profile exhibits a symmetrical circular distribution and thus has spectrally uncorrelated characteristics.
The above analysis shows that when the segmented phase function in fig. 3 is loaded on a spatial light modulator, spectrally uncorrelated quantum-associated photon pairs can be prepared.

Claims (6)

1. A quantum-associated photon pair generation device with controllable output spectrum is composed of a device body, and is characterized in that the device body comprises a pulse laser, a filter, a first nonlinear medium, a second nonlinear medium and a multi-channel filter; an optical 4F system capable of controlling the output spectrum of the quantum correlated photon pair is arranged between the first nonlinear medium and the second nonlinear medium, and the optical 4F system comprises: the grating structure comprises a first grating, a first convex lens, a spatial light modulator, a second convex lens and a second grating; the first grating is positioned at the front focus of the first convex lens, the spatial light modulator is positioned at the back focus of the first convex lens, the front focus of the second convex lens is overlapped with the back focus of the first convex lens, and the second grating is positioned at the back focus of the second convex lens.
2. The output-spectrum-controllable quantum-correlated photon pair generation device according to claim 1, wherein the first nonlinear medium and the second nonlinear medium are two sections of same block-shaped or second-order or third-order nonlinear medium with waveguide structure.
3. The output-spectrum-controllable quantum-correlated photon pair generation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said first grating and said second grating are two identical reflection gratings or transmission gratings; the first convex lens and the second convex lens are two same spherical convex lenses or cylindrical convex lenses.
4. A quantum-associated photon pair generation method with controllable output spectrum is characterized in that an adopted generation device comprises a pulse laser, a filter, a first nonlinear medium, a first grating, a first convex lens, a spatial light modulator, a second convex lens, a second grating, a second nonlinear medium and a multi-channel filter; an optical 4F system capable of controlling the output spectrum of the quantum correlated photon pair is arranged between the first nonlinear medium and the second nonlinear medium, and the optical 4F system comprises: the grating structure comprises a first grating, a first convex lens, a spatial light modulator, a second convex lens and a second grating; the first grating is positioned at the front focus of the first convex lens, the spatial light modulator is positioned at the back focus of the first convex lens, the front focus of the second convex lens is overlapped with the back focus of the first convex lens, and the second grating is positioned at the back focus of the second convex lens; wherein: the optical 4F system realizes the control of quantum-associated photons on the output spectrum by the following steps:
s1, filtering pulse laser output by the pulse laser through a filter, and inputting the pulse laser as pump light into a first nonlinear medium, outputting quantum-associated photon pairs with quantum association through a parametric process in the first nonlinear medium, wherein photons in the quantum-associated photon pairs can be respectively called signal photons and idler frequency photons;
s2, the first grating spatially disperses the pump light and the quantum-associated photon pairs output by the first nonlinear medium in space, and the pump light and the quantum-associated photon pairs are incident to different positions of the spatial light modulator after passing through the first convex lens;
s3, the spatial light modulator introduces different phase delays to the pumping light and quantum associated photon pairs by controlling the gray scale of the pixels at the corresponding positions of the pumping light and quantum associated photon pairs, and outputs the pumping light, signal photons and idler frequency photons which are controlled by the phase delays;
s4, the second convex lens and the second grating combine pump light, signal photons and idler photons into a beam in space and input the beam into a second nonlinear medium, quantum-associated photon pairs generated in the second nonlinear medium interfere with quantum-associated photon pairs generated in the first nonlinear medium in spectral intensity distribution, and the control of quantum-associated photon output frequency spectrum can be realized by controlling the frequency spectrum of interference;
and S5, the multichannel filter respectively filters and outputs the signal photons and the idler photons in the interfered quantum association photon pairs.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the output-spectrum-controllable quantum-correlated photon pair generation method,
the spatial light modulator introduces a phase delay described by a phase function phi (omega) at different frequencies omega, i.e. for a frequency omegapThe phase delay introduced by the pump light can be expressed as phi (omega)p) To frequency of omegasThe phase delay introduced by a signal photon of (a) can be expressed as (ω)s) To frequency of omegaiThe phase delay introduced by the idler photon of (f) can be expressed as (ω)i)。
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the output-spectrum-controllable quantum-correlated photon pair generation method,
the interference term of the quantum-associated photon pair generated in the second nonlinear medium and the quantum-associated photon pair generated in the first nonlinear medium on the spectrum intensity distribution is
Figure FDA0003155142000000021
Where Δ k is the mismatch of wave vectors between the pump light, the signal photon and the idler photon in the first nonlinear medium and the second nonlinear medium, L is the length of the first nonlinear medium and the second nonlinear medium, and Δ Φ ═ x Φ (ω ═ x Φ)p)-φ(ωs)-φ(ωi) The phase difference among pump light, signal photons and idler photons introduced by the spatial light modulator is 1 for a second-order nonlinear medium x and 2 for a third-order nonlinear medium x; when the first nonlinear medium and the second nonlinear medium are determined, Δ kL is fixed, where φ (ω)p)、φ(ωs)、φ(ωi) Independent control can be achieved by controlling the spatial light modulator and thus the interference term can be controlled by varying delta phi by defining different piecewise phase functions phi (omega)
Figure FDA0003155142000000022
The size of (d);
namely, when the spatial light modulator is controlled to introduce different segmented phase functions phi (omega), the control of quantum associated photons on an output spectrum is realized.
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