CN113504155A - Device and method for detecting particle wettability in water by ultrasonic waves - Google Patents
Device and method for detecting particle wettability in water by ultrasonic waves Download PDFInfo
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- CN113504155A CN113504155A CN202110587382.2A CN202110587382A CN113504155A CN 113504155 A CN113504155 A CN 113504155A CN 202110587382 A CN202110587382 A CN 202110587382A CN 113504155 A CN113504155 A CN 113504155A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/38—Diluting, dispersing or mixing samples
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/02—Analysing fluids
Abstract
The invention discloses equipment and a method for detecting particle wettability in water by ultrasonic waves, wherein the equipment comprises a signal generator, a power amplifier, an oscilloscope, a concave transducer, a stirring tank, a magnetic stirrer, a water tank and a sound absorption plate; the output end of the signal generator is connected with the power amplifier and the oscilloscope, the output end of the power amplifier is connected with the concave energy converter, and the concave energy converter is simultaneously connected with the oscilloscope; two sides of the stirring tank are provided with holes and sealed by films for the ultrasonic to come in and go out, and the upper end of the stirring tank is provided with two small holes for the liquid to be discharged and the gas to be discharged; the magnetic stirrer is placed in a water tank which is filled with water and is adhered with sound absorption plates at the periphery, a stirring tank is placed above the magnetic stirrer, and a magnetic stirrer is placed in the stirring tank; the method adopts a mode of ultrasonic induction and cavitation detection, realizes the measurement of the wettability of the particles in water through a cavitation probability distribution curve, can also measure the non-uniformity of the wettability of the mixed particles, and has the advantages of high accuracy of measurement results, simple method and wide application range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of particle wettability detection, in particular to equipment and a detection method for detecting particle wettability by adopting ultrasonic waves.
Background
The wettability of particles refers to the ability or tendency of a liquid to spread on a solid surface and is relevant to many fields such as the separation of minerals and coal, the petroleum industry, materials, powdered pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, etc. The wettability of the particles is usually characterized by a contact angle method, namely a sitting drop method, wherein the wettability of the particles is characterized by tabletting and forming the particles, measuring the contact angle of liquid drops in air on the particle sheets. In the field of flotation of minerals and coal, the wettability of particles is related to the flotation capture efficiency of the particles. The characterization result of wettability by contact angle method is that the wettability of the particles in air is not completely the same as the wettability of the particles in water in the flotation process, which results in that sometimes the wettability measured by contact angle method is different from the floatability of the particles. Other common methods for particle wettability detection include surface tension methods, which characterize the wettability of particles by measuring the wetting speed of particles in different surface tension solutions and converting to contact angles. The surface tension method is still a measure for the wettability of particles in air, and the detection result of the method has a large deviation from the flotation floatability of the particles. At present, a wettability detection method for directly detecting the wettability of particles in water does not exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide equipment and a method for detecting the wettability of particles in water, and aims to solve the problem that the wettability of the particles in water cannot be directly measured by the conventional equipment and method. Meanwhile, the method can be used for carrying out wettability characterization on a mixture of different hydrophilic and hydrophobic particles, and can be used for analyzing the unevenness of hydrophilic and hydrophobic components in the mixture, so that more particle wettability information can be obtained.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
1. an apparatus for detecting wettability of particles in water by ultrasonic waves is characterized by comprising a signal generator 1, a power amplifier 2, an oscilloscope 3, a concave transducer 4, a stirring tank 6, a magnetic stirrer 10, a magnetic stirrer 11, a water tank 12 and a sound absorption plate 13, wherein the output end of the signal generator 1 is connected with the power amplifier 2 and the oscilloscope 3, the output end of the power amplifier 2 is connected with the concave transducer 4, the concave transducer 4 is simultaneously connected with the oscilloscope 3, holes at two sides of the stirring tank 6 are respectively an ultrasonic inlet 5 and an ultrasonic outlet 9, the ultrasonic inlet 5 and the ultrasonic outlet 9 are both sealed by films, two small holes at the upper end of the stirring tank are respectively a liquid discharge port 7 and a gas discharge port 8, the magnetic stirrer 10 is placed in the water tank 12 which is filled with water and is adhered with the sound absorption plate 13 at the periphery, the stirring tank 6 is placed above the magnetic stirrer 10, and the magnetic stirrer 11 is placed inside the stirring tank 6.
A method for detecting the wettability of particles in water by ultrasonic waves is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: adding the particles to be detected into water, and stirring to obtain a mixed solution;
s2: slowly adding the mixed liquid in the step S1 from the liquid discharge port 7 of the stirring tank 6, and sealing the gas discharge port 8 and the liquid discharge port 7 after the air in the tank is completely discharged;
s3: placing the stirring tank 6 filled with the mixed liquid obtained in the step S2 above the magnetic stirrer 10, and placing the stirring tank 6 and the magnetic stirrer 10 into the water tank 12 to ensure that the water level in the water tank 12 is higher than that of the stirring tank 6;
s4: turning on the magnetic stirrer 10;
s5: the control signal generator 1 generates an incident signal, the incident signal passes through the power amplifier 2 and then is generated into a sound wave pulse by the concave transducer 4, and the sound wave pulse is ensured to be completely emitted from the ultrasonic inlet 5;
s6: acquiring echo signals through a concave transducer 4, wherein the echo signals are collected through an oscilloscope 3;
s7: repeating the steps S5-S6 for N1 times under the same incident signal amplitude to obtain N1 echo signals under the same incident signal amplitude;
s8: changing the amplitude of the incident signal, repeating the steps S5-S7 for N2 times, and obtaining N2 groups of echo signals under different amplitudes of the incident signal;
s9: performing noise reduction processing on the N2 groups of echo signals obtained in the step S8, and counting the probability of cavitation in the stirring tank 6 under different incident signal amplitudes, wherein the judgment condition of cavitation is that the maximum amplitude of the echo signals is more than 2 times higher than the maximum amplitude of noise, otherwise, judging that cavitation does not occur;
s10: drawing a cavitation probability distribution curve according to the cavitation probability obtained in the step S8, and detecting the wettability of particles in water through the cavitation probability distribution curve, wherein the evaluation indexes of the cavitation probability distribution curve comprise an incident signal amplitude P1 when the cavitation probability is 50%, an incident signal amplitude P2 when cavitation starts, and a cavitation probability distribution curve slope P3;
s11: detecting the wettability of the particles according to the P1, P2 and P3 obtained in the step S10.
Optionally, the detecting the wettability of the particles according to P1, P2 and P3 obtained in the step S10 specifically includes:
SS 1: using a formula
And fitting to obtain a cavitation probability distribution curve to obtain fitting values P1 and A, wherein P1 is the amplitude of the incident signal when the cavitation probability is 50%, and A is the standard deviation. In addition, in the formula, P is cavitation probability, erf is an error function, and P is the amplitude of an incident signal of the signal generator;
SS 2: the larger P1 obtained in the step SS1 indicates the larger wettability of the particles;
SS 3: calculating the incident signal amplitude P2 at the beginning of cavitation by using a formula P2-P1-2A according to the P1 and A obtained in the step SS 1;
SS 4: the larger P2 obtained in said step SS3 indicates the greater wettability of the hydrophobic component in the particles;
SS 5: calculating the inclination P3 of the cavitation probability distribution curve by adopting a formula P3-4A according to the A obtained in the step SS 1;
SS 6: the larger P3 obtained in the step SS5 indicates the higher content of the hydrophilic component in the granules;
SS 7: the smaller P2 obtained in the step SS3 and the larger P3 obtained in the step SS5 indicate the larger the wettability unevenness of the particles.
Preferably, the particles have a particle size of-100 μm.
Preferably, the concentration of the mixed solution is 0.01g/L-1 g/L.
Preferably, the rotation speed of the magnetic stirrer 10 is 100-500 rpm.
Preferably, the sound wave pulse consists of 2-10 cycles of sound wave, and the frequency is 0.5-100 MHz.
Preferably, the repetition number N1 is in the range of 10-50, and the repetition number N2 is in the range of 10-50.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the wettability of particles in water can be expressed in terms of the gas content of the particle surface. When the particles have stronger hydrophilicity, the gas on the surfaces of the particles in water is less; when the hydrophobicity of the particles is stronger, the gas on the surfaces of the particles in water is more. The cavitation probability of the bubbles in the water is increased along with the increase of the number and the size of the bubbles, so that the number and the size of the bubbles in the water can be reflected by the cavitation probability of the particle mixed liquid, and the wettability of the particles in the water can be analyzed. In the device, a signal generator 1 sends an incident signal, the incident signal is amplified by a power amplifier 2, and finally a concave transducer 4 generates sound wave pulses. The sound wave pulse excites the bubbles on the surface of the particles to form cavitation bubbles, the cavitation bubbles can reflect part of sound waves, and reflected signals can be collected by the concave transducer 4 and transmitted to the oscilloscope 3. Through analysis of the incident and reflected signals, the cavitation probability of the mixed liquid of different particles can be calculated, and the wettability of the particles in water can be obtained.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a device and a method for detecting the wettability of particles in water by ultrasonic waves, which utilize the cavitation principle of bubbles in water to detect and analyze the content and the size of bubbles on the surfaces of the particles in a particle mixed solution so as to obtain the wettability of the particles in the water. The technology for detecting the wettability of particles in water provided by the invention is not available in the prior art. In addition, the invention obtains the cavitation probability under the condition of different incident signal amplitudes, draws a cavitation probability distribution curve, and can detect the wettability of the hydrophobic component, the content of the hydrophilic component and the non-uniform degree of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic components in the mixed particles through the analysis of the cavitation probability distribution curve, and the detection results are also not available in the prior art. The method for detecting the wettability of the particles in water can detect any wettability particles, has a wide test range, does not need tabletting treatment, and is simple in test method, good in reproducibility of a detection result and high in result accuracy.
Drawings
In order to facilitate understanding for those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the apparatus provided by the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cavitation probability distribution curve provided by the present invention.
In the figure: 1 signal generator, 2 power amplifier, 3 oscilloscope, 4 concave transducer, 5 ultrasonic inlet, 6 stirring tank, 7 liquid inlet, 8 gas outlet, 9 ultrasonic outlet, 10 magnetic stirrer, 11 magnetic stirrer, 12 water tank, 13 sound absorbing board.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
1. An apparatus for detecting particle wettability in water by ultrasonic is characterized by comprising a signal generator 1, a power amplifier 2, an oscilloscope 3, a concave transducer 4, a stirring tank 6, a magnetic stirrer 10, a magnetic stirrer 11, a water tank 12 and an acoustic board 13, wherein the output end of the signal generator 1 is connected with the power amplifier 2 and the oscilloscope 3, the output end of the power amplifier 2 is connected with the concave transducer 4, the concave transducer 4 is simultaneously connected with the oscilloscope 3, holes at two sides of the stirring tank 6 are respectively an ultrasonic inlet 5 and an ultrasonic outlet 9, the ultrasonic inlet 5 and the ultrasonic outlet 9 are sealed by films, two small holes at the upper end of the stirring tank are respectively a liquid discharge port 7 and a gas discharge port 8, the magnetic stirrer 10 is placed in the water tank 12 which is filled with water and is adhered with the acoustic board 13 at the periphery, the stirring tank 6 is placed above the magnetic stirrer 10, a magnetic stirrer 11 is placed in the stirring tank 6.
The invention provides a method for detecting particle wettability in water by ultrasonic waves, which comprises the following steps:
s1: adding the particles to be detected into water, and stirring to obtain a mixed solution;
s2: slowly adding the mixed liquid obtained in the step S1 from the liquid discharge port 7 of the stirring tank 6, and sealing the gas discharge port 8 and the liquid discharge port 7 after the air in the tank is completely discharged;
s3: placing the stirring tank 6 filled with the mixed liquid obtained in the step S2 above the magnetic stirrer 10, and placing the stirring tank 6 and the magnetic stirrer 10 into the water tank 12 to ensure that the water level in the water tank 12 is higher than the stirring tank 6;
s4: turning on the magnetic stirrer 10;
s5: the control signal generator 1 generates an incident signal, the incident signal passes through the power amplifier 2 and then is generated into a sound wave pulse by the concave transducer 4, and the sound wave pulse can be ensured to be completely transmitted from the ultrasonic inlet 5;
s6: echo signals are collected through a concave transducer 4 and collected through an oscilloscope 3;
s7: repeating the steps S5-S6 under the same incident signal amplitude, wherein the repetition time is N1 times, and obtaining N1 echo signals under the same incident signal amplitude;
s8: changing the amplitude of the incident signal, repeating the steps S5-S7 for N2 times to obtain N2 groups of echo signals under different amplitudes of the incident signal;
s9: performing noise reduction processing on the N2 groups of echo signals obtained in the step S8, and counting the probability of cavitation in the stirring tank 6 under different incident signal amplitudes, wherein the judgment condition of cavitation is that the maximum amplitude of the echo signals is more than 2 times higher than the maximum amplitude of noise, otherwise, judging that cavitation does not occur;
s10: drawing a cavitation probability distribution curve according to the cavitation probability obtained in the step S8, and detecting the wettability of particles in water through the cavitation probability distribution curve, wherein the evaluation indexes of the cavitation probability distribution curve comprise an incident signal amplitude P1 when the cavitation probability is 50%, an incident signal amplitude P2 when cavitation starts, and a cavitation probability distribution curve slope P3;
s11: the wettability of the particles was examined according to P1, P2 and P3 obtained in the step S10.
Optionally, the detecting the wettability of the particles according to P1, P2 and P3 obtained in step S10 specifically includes:
SS 1: using a formula
And fitting to obtain a cavitation probability distribution curve to obtain fitting values P1 and A, wherein P1 is the amplitude of the incident signal when the cavitation probability is 50%, and A is the standard deviation. In addition, in the formula, P is cavitation probability, erf is an error function, and P is the amplitude of an incident signal of the signal generator;
SS 2: the larger P1 obtained in step SS1 indicates the larger the wettability of the particles;
SS 3: calculating the incident signal amplitude P2 at the beginning of cavitation according to the P1 and A obtained in the step SS1 by adopting a formula P2-P1-2A;
SS 4: the larger P2 obtained in step SS3 indicates the greater wettability of the hydrophobic component in the particles;
SS 5: calculating the inclination P3 of the cavitation probability distribution curve by adopting a formula P3-4A according to the A obtained in the step SS 1;
SS 6: the larger P3 obtained in step SS5 indicates the higher content of hydrophilic components in the granules;
SS 7: the smaller P2 obtained in step SS3 and the larger P3 obtained in step SS5 indicate the larger the wettability unevenness of the particles.
In the present invention, the particle size of the particles is preferably in the range of-100. mu.m. In the invention, when the particle size is in the range, the reflection of the sound wave pulse caused by overlarge particle size is reduced, and the interference of noise generated by particle size factors on cavitation bubble echo signals is reduced.
In the present invention, the concentration of the mixed solution is preferably in the range of 0.01g/L to 1 g/L. In the invention, when the concentration of the mixed solution is in the range, a better cavitation probability distribution curve can be obtained on the premise of ensuring the representativeness of the test sample, and the three cavitation probability evaluation indexes of P1, P2 and P3 can be easily read.
In the present invention, the preferred range of the rotational speed of the magnetic stirrer 10 is 100-500 rpm. In the invention, when the rotating speed of the magnetic stirrer is in the range, the water pressure change caused by stirring is reduced while particle suspension is ensured, and more accurate cavitation probability is obtained.
In the present invention, the preferred range of the number of cycles of the sound wave pulse is 2 to 10, and the preferred range of the frequency is 0.5 to 100 MHz. In the present invention, when the number of the sound wave pulse periods is in the above range, it is beneficial to obtain clear reflection signals, and meanwhile, the acquisition of the reflection signals by the concave transducer 4 is influenced by the excessively long number of the periods. In the invention, when the frequency is in the range, the difference of the cavitation probability of the mixed liquid of different particles is increased, and the wettability difference of different substance particles is easier to compare.
In the present invention, the preferable range of the number of repetitions N1 is 10 to 50, and the preferable range of the number of repetitions N2 is 10 to 50. In the invention, when the repetition times N1 and N2 are in the range, more accurate cavitation probability and cavitation probability distribution curve can be obtained, and the property change of the mixed liquid caused by overlong detection time can be avoided.
In this example, the particle size of the particles was in the range of-100. mu.m.
In this example, the concentration of the mixed solution was 1 g/L.
In this embodiment, the rotation speed of the magnetic stirrer 10 is 300 rpm.
In this embodiment, the sound wave pulse period is 5, and the frequency is 1 MHz.
In this example, the number of repetitions N1 is 20, and the number of repetitions N2 is 20.
In this embodiment, the particles are graphite, low-rank coal, and quartz.
By the device and the method for detecting the wettability of particles in water by ultrasonic waves, the P1, the P2 and the P3 values of graphite are respectively 0.09Vpp, 0.02Vpp and 0.14Vpp, the P1, the P2 and the P3 values of low-grade coal are respectively 0.32Vpp, 0.17Vpp and 0.3Vpp, the P1, the P2 and the P3 values of quartz are respectively 0.43Vpp, 0.23Vpp and 0.40Vpp are obtained.
Example 2:
the apparatus and method for detecting wettability of particles in water by ultrasonic waves in this embodiment are completely the same, and only the selection of parameters in the steps is different, and specifically includes:
in this example, the particle size of the particles was in the range of-100. mu.m.
In this example, the concentration of the mixed solution was 0.5 g/L.
In this embodiment, the rotation speed of the magnetic stirrer 10 is 400 rpm.
In this embodiment, the sound wave pulse period is 5, and the frequency is 2 MHz.
In this example, the number of repetitions N1 was 15, and the number of repetitions N2 was 15.
In this embodiment, the particles are graphite, low-rank coal, and quartz.
By the device and the method for detecting the wettability of particles in water by ultrasonic waves, the P1, the P2 and the P3 values of graphite are respectively 0.13Vpp, 0.02Vpp and 0.22Vpp, the P1, the P2 and the P3 values of low-rank coal are respectively 0.46Vpp, 0.24Vpp and 0.44Vpp, and the P1, the P2 and the P3 values of quartz are respectively 0.56Vpp, 0.3Vpp and 0.52 Vpp.
Example 3:
the apparatus and method for detecting wettability of particles in water by ultrasonic waves in this embodiment are completely the same, and only the selection of parameters in the steps is different, and specifically includes:
in this example, the particle size of the particles was in the range of-100. mu.m.
In this example, the concentration of the mixed solution was 0.1 g/L.
In this embodiment, the rotation speed of the magnetic stirrer 10 is 100 rpm.
In this embodiment, the sound wave pulse period is 5, and the frequency is 4 MHz.
In this example, the number of repetitions N1 is 30, and the number of repetitions N2 is 30.
In this embodiment, the particles are graphite, low-rank coal, and quartz.
By the device and the method for detecting the wettability of particles in water by ultrasonic waves, the P1, P2 and P3 values of graphite are respectively 0.26Vpp, 0.08Vpp and 0.36Vpp, the P1, P2 and P3 values of low-rank coal are respectively 0.57Vpp, 0.23Vpp and 0.68Vpp, the P1 values of quartz are respectively 0.82Vpp, 0.34Vpp and 0.96Vpp are obtained, and the P2 and P3 values are respectively 0.82Vpp, 0.34Vpp and 0.96 Vpp.
Example 4:
the apparatus and method for detecting wettability of particles in water by ultrasonic waves in this embodiment are completely the same, and only the selection of parameters in the steps is different, and specifically includes:
in this example, the particle size of the particles was in the range of-100. mu.m.
In this example, the concentration of the mixed solution was 0.01 g/L.
In this embodiment, the rotation speed of the magnetic stirrer 10 is 500 rpm.
In this embodiment, the sound wave pulse period is 5, and the frequency is 0.5 MHz.
In this example, the number of repetitions N1 was 50, and the number of repetitions N2 was 50.
In this embodiment, the particles are graphite, low-rank coal, and quartz.
By the device and the method for detecting the wettability of particles in water by ultrasonic waves, the P1, the P2 and the P3 values of graphite are respectively 0.12Vpp, 0.04Vpp and 0.16Vpp, the P1, the P2 and the P3 values of low-rank coal are respectively 0.23Vpp, 0.13Vpp and 0.20Vpp, the P1 values of quartz are respectively 0.34Vpp, 0.18Vpp and 0.32Vpp are obtained, and the P2 and the P3 values of quartz are respectively 0.34Vpp, 0.18Vpp and 0.32 Vpp.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The equipment for detecting the wettability of particles in water by ultrasonic waves is characterized by comprising a signal generator (1), a power amplifier (2), an oscilloscope (3), a concave transducer (4), a stirring tank (6), a magnetic stirrer (10), a magnetic stirrer (11), a water tank (12) and a sound absorption plate (13), wherein the output end of the signal generator (1) is connected with the power amplifier (2) and the oscilloscope (3), the output end of the power amplifier (2) is connected with the concave transducer (4), the concave transducer (4) is simultaneously connected with the oscilloscope (3), holes on two sides of the stirring tank (6) are respectively an ultrasonic inlet (5) and an ultrasonic outlet (9), the ultrasonic inlet (5) and the ultrasonic outlet (9) are sealed by adopting films, and two small holes on the upper end of the stirring tank are respectively a liquid discharge port (7) and a gas discharge port (8), the magnetic stirrer (10) is placed in a water tank (12) filled with water and adhered with sound absorption plates (13) at the periphery, a stirring tank (6) is placed above the magnetic stirrer (10), and a magnetic stirrer (11) is placed inside the stirring tank (6).
2. A method for detecting the wettability of particles in water by ultrasonic waves is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: adding the particles to be detected into water, and stirring to obtain a mixed solution;
s2: slowly adding the mixed liquid obtained in the step S1 from a liquid discharge port (7) of a stirring tank (6), and sealing a gas discharge port (8) and the liquid discharge port (7) after air in the tank is completely discharged;
s3: placing the stirring tank (6) filled with the mixed liquid obtained in the step S2 above the magnetic stirrer (10), and placing the stirring tank (6) and the magnetic stirrer (10) into the water tank (12) to ensure that the water level in the water tank (12) is higher than that of the stirring tank (6);
s4: starting the magnetic stirrer (10);
s5: the control signal generator (1) generates an incident signal, the incident signal passes through the power amplifier (2) and then is generated into a sound wave pulse by the concave transducer (4), and the sound wave pulse can be ensured to be completely injected from the ultrasonic inlet (5);
s6: acquiring echo signals through a concave transducer (4), wherein the echo signals are collected through an oscilloscope (3);
s7: repeating the steps S5-S6 for N1 times under the same incident signal amplitude to obtain N1 echo signals under the same incident signal amplitude;
s8: changing the amplitude of the incident signal, repeating the steps S5-S7 for N2 times, and obtaining N2 groups of echo signals under different amplitudes of the incident signal;
s9: performing noise reduction processing on the N2 groups of echo signals obtained in the step S8, and counting the probability of cavitation in the stirring tank (6) under different incident signal amplitudes, wherein the judgment condition of cavitation is that the maximum amplitude of the echo signals is more than 2 times higher than the maximum amplitude of noise, otherwise, judging that cavitation does not occur;
s10: drawing a cavitation probability distribution curve according to the cavitation probability obtained in the step S8, and detecting the wettability of particles in water through the cavitation probability distribution curve, wherein the evaluation indexes of the cavitation probability distribution curve comprise an incident signal amplitude P1 when the cavitation probability is 50%, an incident signal amplitude P2 when cavitation starts, and a cavitation probability distribution curve slope P3;
s11: detecting the wettability of the particles according to the P1, P2 and P3 obtained in the step S10.
3. The method for detecting the wettability of particles in water by ultrasonic waves as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the detecting the wettability of the particles according to the P1, the P2 and the P3 obtained in the step S10 specifically comprises the following steps:
SS 1: using a formula
And fitting to obtain a cavitation probability distribution curve to obtain fitting values P1 and A, wherein P1 is the amplitude of the incident signal when the cavitation probability is 50%, and A is the standard deviation. In addition, in the formula, P is cavitation probability, erf is an error function, and P is the amplitude of an incident signal of the signal generator;
SS 2: the larger P1 obtained in the step SS1 indicates the larger wettability of the particles;
SS 3: calculating the incident signal amplitude P2 at the beginning of cavitation by using a formula P2-P1-2A according to the P1 and A obtained in the step SS 1;
SS 4: the larger P2 obtained in said step SS3 indicates the greater wettability of the hydrophobic component in the particles;
SS 5: calculating the inclination P3 of the cavitation probability distribution curve by adopting a formula P3-4A according to the A obtained in the step SS 1;
SS 6: the larger P3 obtained in the step SS5 indicates the higher content of the hydrophilic component in the granules;
SS 7: the smaller P2 obtained in the step SS3 and the larger P3 obtained in the step SS5 indicate the larger the wettability unevenness of the particles.
4. The method for detecting the wettability of particles in water by ultrasonic waves as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the particle size of the particles is-100 μm.
5. The method for detecting the wettability of particles in water by ultrasonic waves as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the concentration of the mixed solution is 0.01g/L-1 g/L.
6. The method for detecting the wettability of particles in water by ultrasonic waves as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the rotating speed of the magnetic stirrer 10 is 100-500 rpm.
7. The method for detecting the wettability of particles in water by ultrasonic waves as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the sound wave pulse consists of 2-10 periods of sound waves, and the frequency is 0.5-100 MHz.
8. The method for detecting the wettability of particles in water by ultrasonic waves as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the repetition number N1 ranges from 10 to 50, and the repetition number N2 ranges from 10 to 50.
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