CN113504125B - True triaxial physicochemical combined coal rock anti-reflection test device and method - Google Patents
True triaxial physicochemical combined coal rock anti-reflection test device and method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 140
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 131
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 120
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 63
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 21
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
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- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
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- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
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- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
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- G01N15/088—Investigating volume, surface area, size or distribution of pores; Porosimetry
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- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0222—Temperature
- G01N2203/0226—High temperature; Heating means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
- G01N2203/0256—Triaxial, i.e. the forces being applied along three normal axes of the specimen
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Abstract
The device comprises a reaction frame, a true triaxial pressure chamber, three hydraulic actuators, a hydraulic control cabinet, a stress loading hydraulic pump, a confining pressure loading hydraulic pump, a hydraulic oil storage tank, a high-voltage electric pulse generation control unit, a conductive ion solution seepage control unit and a temperature control unit. The method comprises the following steps: assembling a sample assembly, and installing the sample assembly to a true triaxial pressure chamber; pre-clamping a sample, filling hydraulic oil, loading confining pressure, loading stress, and finishing true triaxial pressure application; heating the hydraulic oil to a set temperature and maintaining the hydraulic oil constant; starting a conductive ion solution seepage control unit, and performing a seepage test on a coal rock sample before permeability improvement; starting a high-voltage electric pulse generation control unit, performing electric energy breakdown on a coal rock sample, completing fracturing and permeability increasing, and performing a seepage test again; taking out the coal rock sample after fracturing and permeability increasing, and analyzing the pore and crack structure evolution rule of the coal rock sample by utilizing a scanning electron microscope and a pressure pump instrument.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal rock anti-reflection gas extraction, and particularly relates to a true triaxial physicochemical combined coal rock anti-reflection test device and method.
Background
Along with the continuous increase of the energy demand, the coal mining intensity is also continuously increased, and the coal mining gradually enters into the deep mining stage due to the gradual exhaustion of shallow coal resources.
The deep coal rock mass belongs to a geologic body which is endowed in a high-ground stress environment for a long time, the permeability is generally low, the problem of gas outburst disasters is more remarkable, and the development degree of coal rock mass cracks is used as an important index for judging the gas extraction effect of the coal rock mass and is also one of key parameters in coal bed gas development and gas extraction.
Therefore, the experimental study on the physicochemical combination anti-reflection of the coal rock mass is carried out under the true triaxial condition, and the experimental study has important significance on the prevention and treatment of gas disasters such as gas outburst, gas explosion and the like in the coal exploitation process.
At present, a test device for coal rock permeability improvement can only meet the quasi-triaxial stress loading, so that the real stress environment of coal rock cannot be accurately simulated, meanwhile, test research on physical and chemical combination permeability improvement of high-voltage electric pulses and conductive ion solutions is very deficient, and temperature factors cannot be considered in the existing true triaxial coal rock permeability improvement test device, so that various indexes such as coal body pore structure change measured in the test are not ideal, and permeability errors are large.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides the true triaxial physicochemical combined coal rock permeability increasing test device and the method, which can meet the true triaxial stress loading, take temperature factors into consideration, accurately simulate the true stress environment of coal rock, develop the high-voltage electric pulse and conductive ion solution physicochemical combined permeability increasing test under the true triaxial stress condition, ensure that various indexes such as pore structure change of the coal body measured in the test are more ideal, and can effectively reduce permeability errors.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: the true triaxial physicochemical combined coal rock permeability increasing test device comprises a reaction frame, a true triaxial pressure chamber, a large main stress hydraulic actuator, a first middle main stress hydraulic actuator, a second middle main stress hydraulic actuator, a hydraulic control cabinet, a stress loading hydraulic pump, a confining pressure loading hydraulic pump, a hydraulic oil storage tank, a high-voltage electric pulse generation control unit, a conductive ion solution seepage control unit and a temperature control unit; the true triaxial pressure chamber is vertically and fixedly arranged at the center of the upper surface of the bottom plate of the reaction frame, and the coal rock sample is positioned in the true triaxial pressure chamber; the large main stress hydraulic actuator is vertically and fixedly arranged at the center of the upper surface of the top plate of the reaction frame, a piston rod of the large main stress hydraulic actuator is downwards arranged, and the piston rod of the large main stress hydraulic actuator penetrates through the top plate of the reaction frame and extends to the lower part of the top plate of the reaction frame; the piston rod of the first intermediate-stress hydraulic actuator penetrates through the side wall of the true triaxial pressure chamber and extends into the true triaxial pressure chamber; the second middling stress hydraulic actuator is horizontally and fixedly arranged on the side wall of the true triaxial pressure chamber, the second middling stress hydraulic actuator is positioned on the opposite side of the first middling stress hydraulic actuator, and a piston rod of the second middling stress hydraulic actuator penetrates through the side wall of the true triaxial pressure chamber and extends into the true triaxial pressure chamber; the large main stress hydraulic actuator, the first middle main stress hydraulic actuator and the second middle main stress hydraulic actuator are all connected to the hydraulic control cabinet through hydraulic pipelines; the liquid outlet of the stress loading hydraulic pump is communicated with the hydraulic control cabinet, and the liquid inlet of the stress loading hydraulic pump is communicated with the hydraulic oil storage tank; the confining pressure loading hydraulic pump is a bidirectional hydraulic pump, a first inlet and outlet of the confining pressure loading hydraulic pump is communicated with a confining pressure loading and unloading inlet and outlet on the bottom plate of the true triaxial pressure chamber, and a second inlet and outlet of the confining pressure loading hydraulic pump is communicated with the hydraulic oil storage tank; the high-voltage electric pulse generation control unit is connected with a coal rock sample; the conductive ion solution seepage control unit is connected with a coal rock sample; and the temperature control unit is connected into the true triaxial pressure chamber.
A force transmission pressure rod is coaxially and fixedly connected to the bottom end of a piston rod of the large main stress hydraulic actuator, the force transmission pressure rod passes through a top plate of the true triaxial pressure chamber in a sealing manner and extends into the true triaxial pressure chamber, and a first pressure sensor is coaxially and fixedly connected to the bottom end of the force transmission pressure rod; the end part of a piston rod of the first medium main stress hydraulic actuator is coaxially and fixedly connected with a second pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor is opposite to the coal rock sample, and a first force transmission backing plate and a first pressure head are sequentially arranged between the second pressure sensor and the coal rock sample; a third pressure sensor is coaxially and fixedly connected to the end part of a piston rod of the second medium-stress hydraulic actuator, the third pressure sensor is opposite to the coal rock sample, and a second force transmission backing plate and a second pressure head are sequentially arranged between the third pressure sensor and the coal rock sample; the first pressure sensor is positioned right above the coal rock sample, a third pressure head and a first pressure-bearing cushion block are sequentially arranged between the first pressure sensor and the coal rock sample, a second pressure-bearing cushion block and a pressure-bearing liquid discharge supporting plate are sequentially arranged between the coal rock sample and a bottom plate of the true triaxial pressure chamber, a plurality of seepage liquid discharge holes are formed in the second pressure-bearing cushion block, a liquid collecting cavity is formed in the upper surface of the pressure-bearing liquid discharge supporting plate, the seepage liquid discharge holes are communicated with seepage liquid discharge pore canals on the bottom plate of the true triaxial pressure chamber through the liquid collecting cavity, the seepage liquid discharge pore canals are externally connected with seepage liquid discharge pipelines, and seepage liquid discharge stop valves are arranged on the seepage liquid discharge pipelines; an exhaust hole on the top plate of the true triaxial pressure chamber is externally connected with an exhaust stop valve; and a confining pressure loading and unloading stop valve and a first pressure gauge are sequentially arranged on a pipeline between the confining pressure loading hydraulic pump and the confining pressure loading and unloading liquid inlet and outlet.
The high-voltage electric pulse generation control unit comprises a counter electrode, an energy storage capacitor and a power supply control cabinet; an electrode insertion blind hole is vertically formed downwards in the center of the upper surface of the coal rock sample, the opposite electrode is positioned in the electrode insertion blind hole, and a gap is reserved between the opposite electrode and the wall of the electrode insertion blind hole; the upper end of the opposite electrode is fixedly connected to a first pressure-bearing cushion block, and a polyethylene insulating layer is arranged on the contact surface between the first pressure-bearing cushion block and the opposite electrode as well as between the first pressure-bearing cushion block and the coal rock sample; an electrode sealing abdication blind hole of the opposite electrode is vertically upwards formed in the center of the lower surface of the third pressure head, and the third pressure head is grounded; the energy storage capacitor and the power supply control cabinet are positioned outside the true triaxial pressure chamber, the power supply control cabinet is connected with one end of the energy storage capacitor through a wire, and the other end of the energy storage capacitor is connected with the opposite electrode through a wire.
The conductive ion solution seepage control unit comprises a conductive ion solution storage tank and a liquid pump; a solution diversion blind hole is vertically upwards formed in the center of the lower surface of the first pressure-bearing cushion block, the solution diversion blind hole is communicated with an electrode insertion blind hole in the coal rock sample, a solution injection pore is horizontally formed in the first pressure-bearing cushion block, and the solution injection pore is communicated with the solution diversion blind hole; the liquid outlet of the liquid pump is communicated with the solution injection pore canal through a pipeline, and the liquid inlet of the liquid pump is communicated with the conductive ion solution storage tank; and a solution injection stop valve and a second pressure gauge are sequentially arranged on a pipeline between the liquid pump and the solution injection pore canal.
The temperature control unit comprises a resistance heater and a temperature sensor; the resistance heater is arranged on the inner surface of the side wall of the true triaxial pressure chamber; the temperature sensor is arranged on the side wall of the true triaxial pressure chamber.
The true triaxial physicochemical combined coal rock anti-reflection test method adopts the true triaxial physicochemical combined coal rock anti-reflection test device, and comprises the following steps:
step one: coating a layer of sealant on the surface of the prepared coal rock sample, sleeving a layer of heat shrinkage sleeve on the outer side of the coal rock sample after the glue coating, and heating the heat shrinkage sleeve by using an electric hair drier until the heat shrinkage sleeve tightly wraps the coal rock sample;
step two: packaging a first pressure-bearing cushion block on the top of a coal rock sample, accurately inserting the lower end of a counter electrode into an electrode insertion blind hole, additionally arranging a polyethylene insulating layer between contact surfaces of the first pressure-bearing cushion block and the coal rock sample, packaging a second pressure-bearing cushion block on the bottom of the coal rock sample, additionally arranging a polyethylene insulating layer between contact surfaces of the second pressure-bearing cushion block and the coal rock sample, packaging a pressure-bearing liquid discharge supporting plate on the bottom of the second pressure-bearing cushion block, packaging a third pressure head on the top of the first pressure-bearing cushion block, and finally coating the periphery of the coal rock sample with the polyethylene insulating layer to form a sample assembly;
step three: the method comprises the steps of installing a sample assembly in a true triaxial pressure chamber, ensuring that a liquid collecting cavity of a pressure-bearing liquid discharging support plate is in sealed communication with a seepage liquid discharging duct on a bottom plate of the true triaxial pressure chamber, and then respectively completing wire connection of a counter electrode and an energy storage capacitor, grounding of a third pressure head and pipeline connection of a solution injection duct on a first pressure-bearing cushion block and a liquid pump;
step four: closing a true triaxial pressure chamber, starting a stress loading hydraulic pump and a hydraulic control cabinet, controlling piston rods of a first medium main stress hydraulic actuator and a second medium main stress hydraulic actuator to synchronously extend, further centering and clamping a coal rock sample, and simultaneously controlling the piston rods of a large main stress hydraulic actuator to extend, further pre-stressing and compacting the coal rock sample;
step five: opening an exhaust stop valve to enable the inner cavity of the true triaxial pressure chamber to be communicated with the atmosphere, then opening a confining pressure loading and unloading stop valve, simultaneously starting a confining pressure loading hydraulic pump, filling hydraulic oil into the inner cavity of the true triaxial pressure chamber until the hydraulic oil fills the inner cavity of the true triaxial pressure chamber, and closing the exhaust stop valve;
step six: the method comprises the steps of continuously starting a confining pressure loading hydraulic pump until confining pressure loading of a coal rock sample is completed, then starting a stress loading hydraulic pump and a hydraulic control cabinet again, completing medium main stress loading of the coal rock sample by matching a first medium main stress hydraulic actuator and a second medium main stress hydraulic actuator, and simultaneously completing large main stress loading of the coal rock sample by a large main stress hydraulic actuator, wherein the coal rock sample realizes true triaxial loading;
step seven: starting a resistance heater to heat the hydraulic oil in the inner cavity of the true triaxial pressure chamber, monitoring the temperature of the hydraulic oil in real time through a temperature sensor until the temperature of the hydraulic oil reaches a set value, and then maintaining the constant temperature of the hydraulic oil;
step eight: starting a solution injection stop valve and a seepage liquid discharge stop valve, simultaneously starting a liquid pump, injecting a conductive ion solution into the electrode insertion blind hole, performing a seepage test under a preset injection pressure, sequentially enabling the seepage liquid to flow out of a true triaxial pressure chamber through a seepage liquid discharge hole, a liquid collecting cavity, a seepage liquid discharge channel and a seepage liquid discharge pipeline, and then determining the permeability of the coal rock sample when permeability is not increased;
step nine: starting a power supply control cabinet to charge the energy storage capacitor until the energy storage capacitor is charged to reach a set voltage, discharging the energy storage capacitor, wherein a coal rock sample between the counter electrode at the high voltage side and a third pressure head at the grounding side is broken down by electric energy, and fracturing and permeability increasing of the coal rock sample are realized;
step ten: restarting a liquid pump after the coal rock sample finishes fracturing and permeability increasing under the action of electric energy breakdown, continuously injecting conductive ion solution into the electrode insertion blind hole, performing a seepage test under preset injection pressure, enabling the seepage solution to flow out of a true triaxial pressure chamber through a seepage liquid discharge hole, a liquid collecting cavity, a seepage liquid discharge pore canal and a seepage liquid discharge pipeline in sequence, and then determining the permeability of the coal rock sample during fracturing and permeability increasing;
step eleven: and after the penetration test is finished, unloading the true triaxial pressure, discharging hydraulic oil in the inner cavity of the true triaxial pressure chamber, starting the true triaxial pressure chamber, taking out the coal rock sample subjected to fracturing and permeability increasing from the true triaxial pressure chamber, and finally analyzing the pore and crack structure evolution rule of the coal rock sample by using a scanning electron microscope and a pressure pump instrument.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the true triaxial physicochemical combined coal rock permeability increasing test device and method can meet the requirement of the true triaxial stress loading, take the temperature factor into consideration, accurately simulate the true stress environment of the coal rock, develop the high-voltage electric pulse and conductive ion solution physicochemical combined permeability increasing test under the condition of the true triaxial stress, ensure that various indexes such as pore structure change of the coal body measured in the test are more ideal, and effectively reduce permeability errors.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a true triaxial physicochemical combined coal rock anti-reflection test device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a sample assembly according to the present invention;
in the figure, a 1-counterforce frame, a 2-true triaxial pressure chamber, a 3-large main stress hydraulic actuator, a 4-first middle main stress hydraulic actuator, a 5-second middle main stress hydraulic actuator, a 6-hydraulic control cabinet, a 7-stress loading hydraulic pump, an 8-confining pressure loading hydraulic pump, a 9-hydraulic oil storage tank, a 10-confining pressure loading and unloading liquid inlet and outlet port, a 11-coal rock sample, a 12-force transmission compression bar, a 13-first pressure sensor, a 14-second pressure sensor, a 15-first force transmission cushion plate, a 16-first pressure head, a 17-third pressure sensor, a 18-second force transmission cushion plate, a 19-second pressure head, a 20-third pressure head, a 21-first pressure bearing cushion block and a 22-second pressure bearing cushion block, 23-pressure-bearing liquid discharge supporting plate, 24-seepage liquid discharge hole, 25-liquid collecting cavity, 26-seepage liquid discharge pore canal, 27-seepage liquid discharge pipeline, 28-seepage liquid discharge stop valve, 29-exhaust hole, 30-exhaust stop valve, 31-opposite electrode, 32-energy storage capacitor, 33-power supply control cabinet, 34-electrode plug-in blind hole, 35-electrode seal abdication blind hole, 36-conductive ion solution storage tank, 37-liquid pump, 38-solution guide blind hole, 39-solution injection pore canal, 40-solution injection stop valve, 41-confining pressure loading and unloading stop valve, 42-first pressure gauge, 43-second pressure gauge, 44-resistance heater, 45-temperature sensor, 46-heat shrinkage sleeve and 47-conductive ion solution.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and to specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the true triaxial physicochemical combined coal rock permeability test device comprises a reaction frame 1, a true triaxial pressure chamber 2, a large main stress hydraulic actuator 3, a first middle main stress hydraulic actuator 4, a second middle main stress hydraulic actuator 5, a hydraulic control cabinet 6, a stress loading hydraulic pump 7, a confining pressure loading hydraulic pump 8, a hydraulic oil storage tank 9, a high-voltage electric pulse generation control unit, a conductive ion solution seepage control unit and a temperature control unit; the true triaxial pressure chamber 2 is vertically and fixedly arranged at the center of the upper surface of the bottom plate of the reaction frame 1, and the coal rock sample 11 is positioned in the true triaxial pressure chamber 2; the large main stress hydraulic actuator 3 is vertically and fixedly arranged at the center of the upper surface of the top plate of the reaction frame 1, a piston rod of the large main stress hydraulic actuator 3 is downwards arranged, and the piston rod of the large main stress hydraulic actuator 3 penetrates through the top plate of the reaction frame 1 and extends to the lower part of the top plate of the reaction frame 1; the first middle main stress hydraulic actuator 4 is horizontally and fixedly arranged on the side wall of the true triaxial pressure chamber 2, and a piston rod of the first middle main stress hydraulic actuator 4 penetrates through the side wall of the true triaxial pressure chamber 2 and extends into the true triaxial pressure chamber 2; the second principal stress hydraulic actuator 5 is horizontally and fixedly arranged on the side wall of the true triaxial pressure chamber 2, the second principal stress hydraulic actuator 5 is positioned on the opposite side of the first principal stress hydraulic actuator 4, and a piston rod of the second principal stress hydraulic actuator 5 penetrates through the side wall of the true triaxial pressure chamber 2 and extends into the true triaxial pressure chamber 2; the large main stress hydraulic actuator 3, the first middle main stress hydraulic actuator 4 and the second middle main stress hydraulic actuator 5 are connected to the hydraulic control cabinet 6 through hydraulic pipelines; the liquid outlet of the stress loading hydraulic pump 7 is communicated with the hydraulic control cabinet 6, and the liquid inlet of the stress loading hydraulic pump 7 is communicated with the hydraulic oil storage tank 9; the confining pressure loading hydraulic pump 8 is a bidirectional hydraulic pump, a first inlet and outlet of the confining pressure loading hydraulic pump 8 is communicated with a confining pressure loading and unloading inlet and outlet 10 on the bottom plate of the true triaxial pressure chamber 2, and a second inlet and outlet of the confining pressure loading hydraulic pump 8 is communicated with the hydraulic oil storage tank 9; the high-voltage electric pulse generation control unit is connected with a coal rock sample 11; the conductive ion solution seepage control unit is connected to the coal rock sample 11; the temperature control unit is connected into the true triaxial pressure chamber 2.
A force transmission pressure rod 12 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the bottom end of a piston rod of the large main stress hydraulic actuator 3, the force transmission pressure rod 12 passes through the top plate of the true triaxial pressure chamber 2 in a sealing way and extends into the true triaxial pressure chamber 2, and a first pressure sensor 13 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the bottom end of the force transmission pressure rod 12; the end part of a piston rod of the first medium main stress hydraulic actuator 4 is coaxially and fixedly connected with a second pressure sensor 14, the second pressure sensor 14 is opposite to the coal rock sample 11, and a first force transmission backing plate 15 and a first pressure head 16 are sequentially arranged between the second pressure sensor 14 and the coal rock sample 11; a third pressure sensor 17 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the end part of a piston rod of the second medium main stress hydraulic actuator 5, the third pressure sensor 17 is opposite to the coal rock sample 11, and a second force transmission backing plate 18 and a second pressure head 19 are sequentially arranged between the third pressure sensor 17 and the coal rock sample 11; the first pressure sensor 13 is positioned right above the coal rock sample 11, a third pressure head 20 and a first pressure-bearing cushion block 21 are sequentially arranged between the first pressure sensor 13 and the coal rock sample 11, a second pressure-bearing cushion block 22 and a pressure-bearing liquid discharge supporting plate 23 are sequentially arranged between the coal rock sample 11 and the bottom plate of the true triaxial pressure chamber 2, a plurality of seepage liquid discharge holes 24 are formed in the second pressure-bearing cushion block 22, a liquid collecting cavity 25 is formed in the upper surface of the pressure-bearing liquid discharge supporting plate 23, the seepage liquid discharge holes 24 are communicated with seepage liquid discharge pore passages 26 on the bottom plate of the true triaxial pressure chamber 2 through the liquid collecting cavity 25, seepage liquid discharge pore passages 26 are externally connected with seepage liquid discharge pipelines 27, and seepage liquid discharge stop valves 28 are arranged on the seepage liquid discharge pipelines 27; an exhaust hole 29 on the top plate of the true triaxial pressure chamber 2 is externally connected with an exhaust stop valve 30; a confining pressure loading and unloading stop valve 41 and a first pressure gauge 42 are sequentially arranged on a pipeline between the confining pressure loading hydraulic pump 8 and the confining pressure loading and unloading liquid inlet and outlet 10.
The high-voltage electric pulse generation control unit comprises a counter electrode 31, an energy storage capacitor 32 and a power supply control cabinet 33; an electrode insertion blind hole 34 is vertically formed downwards at the center of the upper surface of the coal rock sample 11, the opposite electrode 31 is positioned in the electrode insertion blind hole 34, and a gap is reserved between the opposite electrode 31 and the wall of the electrode insertion blind hole 34; the upper end of the opposite electrode 31 is fixedly connected to the first pressure-bearing cushion block 21, and a polyethylene insulating layer is arranged on the contact surface between the first pressure-bearing cushion block 21 and the opposite electrode 31 as well as the coal rock sample 11; an electrode sealing abdication blind hole 35 of the opposite electrode 31 is vertically upwards arranged at the center of the lower surface of the third pressure head 20, and the third pressure head 20 is grounded; the energy storage capacitor 32 and the power control cabinet 33 are located outside the true triaxial pressure chamber 2, the power control cabinet 33 is connected with one end of the energy storage capacitor 32 through a wire, and the other end of the energy storage capacitor 32 is connected with the counter electrode 31 through a wire.
The conductive ion solution seepage control unit comprises a conductive ion solution storage tank 36 and a liquid pump 37; a solution diversion blind hole 38 is vertically upwards formed in the center of the lower surface of the first pressure-bearing cushion block 21, the solution diversion blind hole 38 is communicated with the electrode insertion blind hole 34 in the coal rock sample 11, a solution injection pore 39 is horizontally formed in the first pressure-bearing cushion block 21, and the solution injection pore 39 is communicated with the solution diversion blind hole 38; the conductive ion solution storage tank 36 and the liquid pump 37 are positioned outside the true triaxial pressure chamber 2, a liquid outlet of the liquid pump 37 is communicated with the solution injection pore 39 through a pipeline, and a liquid inlet of the liquid pump 37 is communicated with the conductive ion solution storage tank 36; a solution injection stop valve 40 and a second pressure gauge 43 are sequentially provided in the line between the liquid pump 37 and the solution injection hole 39.
The temperature control unit includes a resistive heater 44 and a temperature sensor 45; the resistance heater 44 is arranged on the inner surface of the side wall of the true triaxial pressure chamber 2; the temperature sensor 45 is mounted on the side wall of the true triaxial pressure chamber 2.
The true triaxial physicochemical combined coal rock anti-reflection test method adopts the true triaxial physicochemical combined coal rock anti-reflection test device, and comprises the following steps:
step one: coating a layer of sealant on the surface of the prepared coal rock sample 11, sleeving a layer of heat shrinkage sleeve 46 on the outer side of the coal rock sample 11 after the sealant is coated, and heating the heat shrinkage sleeve 46 by using an electric hair drier until the heat shrinkage sleeve 46 tightly wraps the coal rock sample 11;
step two: packaging a first pressure-bearing cushion block 21 on the top of a coal rock sample 11, accurately inserting the lower end of a counter electrode 31 into an electrode insertion blind hole 34, additionally arranging a polyethylene insulating layer between the contact surfaces of the first pressure-bearing cushion block 21 and the coal rock sample 11, packaging a second pressure-bearing cushion block 22 on the bottom of the coal rock sample 11, additionally arranging a polyethylene insulating layer between the contact surfaces of the second pressure-bearing cushion block 22 and the coal rock sample 11, packaging a pressure-bearing liquid discharge supporting plate 23 on the bottom of the second pressure-bearing cushion block 22, packaging a third pressure head 20 on the top of the first pressure-bearing cushion block 21, and finally coating the periphery of the coal rock sample 11 with the polyethylene insulating layer to form a sample assembly;
step three: the sample assembly is arranged in the true triaxial pressure chamber 2, the liquid collecting cavity 25 of the pressure-bearing liquid discharging supporting plate 23 is guaranteed to be communicated with the seepage liquid discharging pore canal 26 on the bottom plate of the true triaxial pressure chamber 2 in a sealing way, and then the wire connection of the counter electrode 31 and the energy storage capacitor 32, the grounding of the third pressure head 20, the pipeline connection of the solution injection pore canal 39 on the first pressure-bearing cushion block 21 and the liquid pump 37 are respectively completed;
step four: after the sealing of the true triaxial pressure chamber 2 is completed, a stress loading hydraulic pump 7 and a hydraulic control cabinet 6 are started, piston rods of a first middle main stress hydraulic actuator 4 and a second middle main stress hydraulic actuator 5 are controlled to synchronously extend, so that the coal rock sample 11 is centered and clamped, and meanwhile, the piston rods of a large main stress hydraulic actuator 3 are controlled to extend, so that the coal rock sample 11 is pre-stressed and compressed;
step five: opening an exhaust stop valve 30 to enable the inner cavity of the true triaxial pressure chamber 2 to be communicated with the atmosphere, then opening a confining pressure loading and unloading stop valve 41, simultaneously starting a confining pressure loading hydraulic pump 8, filling hydraulic oil into the inner cavity of the true triaxial pressure chamber 2 until the hydraulic oil fills the inner cavity of the true triaxial pressure chamber 2, and closing the exhaust stop valve 30;
step six: the surrounding pressure loading hydraulic pump 8 is continuously started until the surrounding pressure loading of the coal rock sample 11 is completed, then the stress loading hydraulic pump 7 and the hydraulic control cabinet 6 are started again, the first middle main stress hydraulic actuator 4 and the second middle main stress hydraulic actuator 5 cooperate to complete the middle main stress loading of the coal rock sample 11, and meanwhile, the large main stress hydraulic actuator 3 completes the large main stress loading of the coal rock sample 11, so that the coal rock sample 11 realizes true triaxial loading;
step seven: starting a resistance heater 44, heating the hydraulic oil in the inner cavity of the true triaxial pressure chamber 2, monitoring the temperature of the hydraulic oil in real time through a temperature sensor 45 until the temperature of the hydraulic oil reaches a set value, and then maintaining the constant temperature of the hydraulic oil;
step eight: starting a solution injection stop valve 40 and a seepage liquid discharge stop valve 28, simultaneously starting a liquid pump 37, injecting a conductive ion solution 47 into the electrode insertion blind hole 34, performing a seepage test under a preset injection pressure, sequentially enabling the seepage liquid to flow out of the true triaxial pressure chamber 2 through the seepage liquid discharge hole 24, the liquid collecting cavity 25, the seepage liquid discharge pore canal 26 and the seepage liquid discharge pipeline 27, and then determining the permeability of the coal rock sample 11 when permeability is not increased;
step nine: starting a power supply control cabinet 33 to charge the energy storage capacitor 32 until the energy storage capacitor 32 is charged to reach a set voltage, discharging the energy storage capacitor 32, wherein at the moment, the coal rock sample 11 positioned between the counter electrode 31 at the high voltage side and the third pressure head 20 at the grounding side is broken down by electric energy, and the coal rock sample 11 realizes fracturing and anti-reflection;
step ten: after the coal rock sample 11 finishes fracturing and permeability increasing under the action of electric energy breakdown, restarting the liquid pump 37, continuously injecting the conductive ion solution 47 into the electrode insertion blind hole 34, performing a seepage test under the preset injection pressure, sequentially enabling the seepage solution to flow out of the true triaxial pressure chamber 2 through the seepage liquid discharge hole 24, the liquid collecting cavity 25, the seepage liquid discharge pore canal 26 and the seepage liquid discharge pipeline 27, and then determining the permeability of the coal rock sample 11 during fracturing and permeability increasing;
step eleven: and after the penetration test is finished, unloading the true triaxial pressure, discharging hydraulic oil in the inner cavity of the true triaxial pressure chamber 2, starting the true triaxial pressure chamber 2, taking out the coal rock sample 11 subjected to fracturing and permeability improvement from the true triaxial pressure chamber 2, and finally analyzing the pore and crack structure evolution law of the coal rock sample 11 by using a scanning electron microscope and a pressure pump instrument.
The embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather are intended to cover all equivalent implementations or modifications that can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a true triaxial physical chemistry allies oneself with coal petrography anti-reflection test device which characterized in that: the device comprises a reaction frame, a true triaxial pressure chamber, a large main stress hydraulic actuator, a first middle main stress hydraulic actuator, a second middle main stress hydraulic actuator, a hydraulic control cabinet, a stress loading hydraulic pump, a confining pressure loading hydraulic pump, a hydraulic oil storage tank, a high-voltage electric pulse generation control unit, a conductive ion solution seepage control unit and a temperature control unit; the true triaxial pressure chamber is vertically and fixedly arranged at the center of the upper surface of the bottom plate of the reaction frame, and the coal rock sample is positioned in the true triaxial pressure chamber; the large main stress hydraulic actuator is vertically and fixedly arranged at the center of the upper surface of the top plate of the reaction frame, a piston rod of the large main stress hydraulic actuator is downwards arranged, and the piston rod of the large main stress hydraulic actuator penetrates through the top plate of the reaction frame and extends to the lower part of the top plate of the reaction frame; the piston rod of the first intermediate-stress hydraulic actuator penetrates through the side wall of the true triaxial pressure chamber and extends into the true triaxial pressure chamber; the second middling stress hydraulic actuator is horizontally and fixedly arranged on the side wall of the true triaxial pressure chamber, the second middling stress hydraulic actuator is positioned on the opposite side of the first middling stress hydraulic actuator, and a piston rod of the second middling stress hydraulic actuator penetrates through the side wall of the true triaxial pressure chamber and extends into the true triaxial pressure chamber; the large main stress hydraulic actuator, the first middle main stress hydraulic actuator and the second middle main stress hydraulic actuator are all connected to the hydraulic control cabinet through hydraulic pipelines; the liquid outlet of the stress loading hydraulic pump is communicated with the hydraulic control cabinet, and the liquid inlet of the stress loading hydraulic pump is communicated with the hydraulic oil storage tank; the confining pressure loading hydraulic pump is a bidirectional hydraulic pump, a first inlet and outlet of the confining pressure loading hydraulic pump is communicated with a confining pressure loading and unloading inlet and outlet on the bottom plate of the true triaxial pressure chamber, and a second inlet and outlet of the confining pressure loading hydraulic pump is communicated with the hydraulic oil storage tank; the high-voltage electric pulse generation control unit is connected with a coal rock sample; the conductive ion solution seepage control unit is connected with a coal rock sample; the temperature control unit is connected into the true triaxial pressure chamber;
a force transmission pressure rod is coaxially and fixedly connected to the bottom end of a piston rod of the large main stress hydraulic actuator, the force transmission pressure rod passes through a top plate of the true triaxial pressure chamber in a sealing manner and extends into the true triaxial pressure chamber, and a first pressure sensor is coaxially and fixedly connected to the bottom end of the force transmission pressure rod; the end part of a piston rod of the first medium main stress hydraulic actuator is coaxially and fixedly connected with a second pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor is opposite to the coal rock sample, and a first force transmission backing plate and a first pressure head are sequentially arranged between the second pressure sensor and the coal rock sample; a third pressure sensor is coaxially and fixedly connected to the end part of a piston rod of the second medium-stress hydraulic actuator, the third pressure sensor is opposite to the coal rock sample, and a second force transmission backing plate and a second pressure head are sequentially arranged between the third pressure sensor and the coal rock sample; the first pressure sensor is positioned right above the coal rock sample, a third pressure head and a first pressure-bearing cushion block are sequentially arranged between the first pressure sensor and the coal rock sample, a second pressure-bearing cushion block and a pressure-bearing liquid discharge supporting plate are sequentially arranged between the coal rock sample and a bottom plate of the true triaxial pressure chamber, a plurality of seepage liquid discharge holes are formed in the second pressure-bearing cushion block, a liquid collecting cavity is formed in the upper surface of the pressure-bearing liquid discharge supporting plate, the seepage liquid discharge holes are communicated with seepage liquid discharge pore canals on the bottom plate of the true triaxial pressure chamber through the liquid collecting cavity, the seepage liquid discharge pore canals are externally connected with seepage liquid discharge pipelines, and seepage liquid discharge stop valves are arranged on the seepage liquid discharge pipelines; an exhaust hole on the top plate of the true triaxial pressure chamber is externally connected with an exhaust stop valve; a confining pressure loading and unloading stop valve and a first pressure gauge are sequentially arranged on a pipeline between the confining pressure loading hydraulic pump and the confining pressure loading and unloading liquid inlet and outlet;
the high-voltage electric pulse generation control unit comprises a counter electrode, an energy storage capacitor and a power supply control cabinet; an electrode insertion blind hole is vertically formed downwards in the center of the upper surface of the coal rock sample, the opposite electrode is positioned in the electrode insertion blind hole, and a gap is reserved between the opposite electrode and the wall of the electrode insertion blind hole; the upper end of the opposite electrode is fixedly connected to a first pressure-bearing cushion block, and a polyethylene insulating layer is arranged on the contact surface between the first pressure-bearing cushion block and the opposite electrode as well as between the first pressure-bearing cushion block and the coal rock sample; an electrode sealing abdication blind hole of the opposite electrode is vertically upwards formed in the center of the lower surface of the third pressure head, and the third pressure head is grounded; the energy storage capacitor and the power supply control cabinet are positioned outside the true triaxial pressure chamber, the power supply control cabinet is connected with one end of the energy storage capacitor through a wire, and the other end of the energy storage capacitor is connected with the opposite electrode through a wire;
the conductive ion solution seepage control unit comprises a conductive ion solution storage tank and a liquid pump; a solution diversion blind hole is vertically upwards formed in the center of the lower surface of the first pressure-bearing cushion block, the solution diversion blind hole is communicated with an electrode insertion blind hole in the coal rock sample, a solution injection pore is horizontally formed in the first pressure-bearing cushion block, and the solution injection pore is communicated with the solution diversion blind hole; the liquid outlet of the liquid pump is communicated with the solution injection pore canal through a pipeline, and the liquid inlet of the liquid pump is communicated with the conductive ion solution storage tank; a solution injection stop valve and a second pressure gauge are sequentially arranged on a pipeline between the liquid pump and the solution injection pore canal;
the temperature control unit comprises a resistance heater and a temperature sensor; the resistance heater is arranged on the inner surface of the side wall of the true triaxial pressure chamber; the temperature sensor is arranged on the side wall of the true triaxial pressure chamber.
2. The true triaxial physicochemical combined coal and rock anti-reflection test method adopts the true triaxial physicochemical combined coal and rock anti-reflection test device as claimed in claim 1, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one: coating a layer of sealant on the surface of the prepared coal rock sample, sleeving a layer of heat shrinkage sleeve on the outer side of the coal rock sample after the glue coating, and heating the heat shrinkage sleeve by using an electric hair drier until the heat shrinkage sleeve tightly wraps the coal rock sample;
step two: packaging a first pressure-bearing cushion block on the top of a coal rock sample, accurately inserting the lower end of a counter electrode into an electrode insertion blind hole, additionally arranging a polyethylene insulating layer between contact surfaces of the first pressure-bearing cushion block and the coal rock sample, packaging a second pressure-bearing cushion block on the bottom of the coal rock sample, additionally arranging a polyethylene insulating layer between contact surfaces of the second pressure-bearing cushion block and the coal rock sample, packaging a pressure-bearing liquid discharge supporting plate on the bottom of the second pressure-bearing cushion block, packaging a third pressure head on the top of the first pressure-bearing cushion block, and finally coating the periphery of the coal rock sample with the polyethylene insulating layer to form a sample assembly;
step three: the method comprises the steps of installing a sample assembly in a true triaxial pressure chamber, ensuring that a liquid collecting cavity of a pressure-bearing liquid discharging support plate is in sealed communication with a seepage liquid discharging duct on a bottom plate of the true triaxial pressure chamber, and then respectively completing wire connection of a counter electrode and an energy storage capacitor, grounding of a third pressure head and pipeline connection of a solution injection duct on a first pressure-bearing cushion block and a liquid pump;
step four: closing a true triaxial pressure chamber, starting a stress loading hydraulic pump and a hydraulic control cabinet, controlling piston rods of a first medium main stress hydraulic actuator and a second medium main stress hydraulic actuator to synchronously extend, further centering and clamping a coal rock sample, and simultaneously controlling the piston rods of a large main stress hydraulic actuator to extend, further pre-stressing and compacting the coal rock sample;
step five: opening an exhaust stop valve to enable the inner cavity of the true triaxial pressure chamber to be communicated with the atmosphere, then opening a confining pressure loading and unloading stop valve, simultaneously starting a confining pressure loading hydraulic pump, filling hydraulic oil into the inner cavity of the true triaxial pressure chamber until the hydraulic oil fills the inner cavity of the true triaxial pressure chamber, and closing the exhaust stop valve;
step six: the method comprises the steps of continuously starting a confining pressure loading hydraulic pump until confining pressure loading of a coal rock sample is completed, then starting a stress loading hydraulic pump and a hydraulic control cabinet again, completing medium main stress loading of the coal rock sample by matching a first medium main stress hydraulic actuator and a second medium main stress hydraulic actuator, and simultaneously completing large main stress loading of the coal rock sample by a large main stress hydraulic actuator, wherein the coal rock sample realizes true triaxial loading;
step seven: starting a resistance heater to heat the hydraulic oil in the inner cavity of the true triaxial pressure chamber, monitoring the temperature of the hydraulic oil in real time through a temperature sensor until the temperature of the hydraulic oil reaches a set value, and then maintaining the constant temperature of the hydraulic oil;
step eight: starting a solution injection stop valve and a seepage liquid discharge stop valve, simultaneously starting a liquid pump, injecting a conductive ion solution into the electrode insertion blind hole, performing a seepage test under a preset injection pressure, sequentially enabling the seepage liquid to flow out of a true triaxial pressure chamber through a seepage liquid discharge hole, a liquid collecting cavity, a seepage liquid discharge channel and a seepage liquid discharge pipeline, and then determining the permeability of the coal rock sample when permeability is not increased;
step nine: starting a power supply control cabinet to charge the energy storage capacitor until the energy storage capacitor is charged to reach a set voltage, discharging the energy storage capacitor, wherein a coal rock sample between the counter electrode at the high voltage side and a third pressure head at the grounding side is broken down by electric energy, and fracturing and permeability increasing of the coal rock sample are realized;
step ten: restarting a liquid pump after the coal rock sample finishes fracturing and permeability increasing under the action of electric energy breakdown, continuously injecting conductive ion solution into the electrode insertion blind hole, performing a seepage test under preset injection pressure, enabling the seepage solution to flow out of a true triaxial pressure chamber through a seepage liquid discharge hole, a liquid collecting cavity, a seepage liquid discharge pore canal and a seepage liquid discharge pipeline in sequence, and then determining the permeability of the coal rock sample during fracturing and permeability increasing;
step eleven: and after the penetration test is finished, unloading the true triaxial pressure, discharging hydraulic oil in the inner cavity of the true triaxial pressure chamber, starting the true triaxial pressure chamber, taking out the coal rock sample subjected to fracturing and permeability increasing from the true triaxial pressure chamber, and finally analyzing the pore and crack structure evolution rule of the coal rock sample by using a scanning electron microscope and a pressure pump instrument.
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