CN113503844A - System and method for detecting sinking hollow-out characteristics of pipeline heat-insulating layer - Google Patents
System and method for detecting sinking hollow-out characteristics of pipeline heat-insulating layer Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
- G01B21/08—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness for measuring thickness
- G01B21/085—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness for measuring thickness using thermal means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
Abstract
The invention provides a pipeline heat-insulating layer sinking hollow-out feature detection system and method, which comprises a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, a third temperature sensor, a data acquisition unit, a wireless transmitter and a remote monitoring terminal, wherein the system is used for detecting a hollow-out layer formed by separating a heat-insulating layer wrapped outside a working pipe from the lower end of the working pipe under the action of gravity sinking, and the temperature sensors are respectively arranged on the outer surface of the top end of the working pipe, the inner surface of the bottom end of the heat-insulating layer and the outer surface of the bottom end of the heat-insulating layer. The invention adopts the temperature measuring points arranged at the characteristic positions of the heat preservation pipeline and the wireless transmission technology, combines the heat preservation heat transfer model, quickly, accurately and real-timely obtains the height of the hollow layer in the heat preservation pipeline, makes up the defects of recognizing the heat preservation structure variation and the hollow layer state of the steam heat supply pipeline, and provides detailed data support for the accurate calculation of the heat dissipation loss of the heat pipeline and the safe and efficient operation scheduling of the heat network.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a system and a method for detecting sinking hollow-out characteristics of a pipeline heat-insulating layer, and belongs to the technical field of energy.
Background
The heat supply steam heat insulation pipeline is a core infrastructure forming an industrial heat supply network, is a necessary condition for realizing effective transportation of steam heat energy, and the heat insulation performance of the steam heat insulation pipeline directly determines key technical parameters such as energy efficiency indexes, heat supply radius and the like of an industrial heat supply network system, thereby having great significance for safe, economical and efficient operation of the heat supply network. The method has the advantages that the heat preservation performance of the heat preservation pipeline is accurately evaluated, and the method has important significance for accurately evaluating the heat dissipation loss characteristics of the heat supply network and establishing an accurate heat supply network model.
The traditional steam heating power pipeline generally adopts soft heat-insulating materials such as glass fiber, rock wool, aluminum silicate and the like, and the heat-insulating materials can have the variation phenomenon of a heat-insulating structure due to the gravity action, water inflow and the like in the use process, such as the sinking and hollow-out of the heat-insulating layer. The variation of the heat insulation structure influences the heat insulation performance of the pipeline, so that the heat dissipation characteristic of the steam heat grid system is influenced.
The existing research has certain knowledge on the variation phenomenon of the heat preservation structure, but the phenomenon is still too single-sided and departures from practice. In practical tests, the heat insulation material is found to have an eccentric phenomenon under the action of gravity and form an air layer at the bottom of the pipeline. More importantly, the hollow layer structure can change along with the time, so that the heat dissipation process of the heat preservation pipeline is not only an ideal heat conduction process, but also a more complex heat transfer process such as heat convection, heat radiation and the like. This shows that, the structural characteristics of the insulating material are changed more complicatedly in the actual use process, which is one of the reasons why the heat dissipation loss of the insulating pipeline analyzed theoretically is much smaller than the actual heat dissipation value. Under actual conditions, the change characteristics of the hollowed-out layer of the heat-insulating structure cannot be directly observed.
Chinese patent 201711425052.3 proposes laying an optical cable on the outer surface of the thermal insulation layer of the thermal pipeline to realize the monitoring of the thermal insulation performance of the thermal pipeline without blind area in the whole process.
Chinese patent 201510043224.5 proposes a method for detecting the sinking of a heat-insulating layer by using the temperature difference of the wall surface of a horizontal heat distribution pipeline, but does not consider the influence of the hollow structure on the heat-insulating and heat-dissipating loss characteristics when the heat-insulating material sinks.
Therefore, how to accurately detect the hollow-out structure characteristics and the change characteristics of the hollow-out structure characteristics along with time in real time has important significance for accurately evaluating the heat dissipation loss characteristics of the heat-preservation pipeline on line and improving the accuracy of a heat supply network heat dissipation loss model.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems and provides a system and a method for detecting sinking hollow-out characteristics of a pipeline heat-insulating layer.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a pipeline heat-insulating layer sinking hollowed-out feature detection system comprises a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, a third temperature sensor, a data acquisition unit, a wireless transmitter and a remote monitoring terminal, and is used for detecting a hollowed-out layer formed by the separation of a heat-insulating layer wrapped outside a working pipe and the lower end of the working pipe under the action of gravity sinking; the first temperature sensor is arranged on the outer surface of the top end of the working pipe, the second temperature sensor is arranged on the inner surface of the bottom end of the heat preservation layer, and the third temperature sensor is arranged on the outer surface of the bottom end of the heat preservation layer; the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor are respectively connected with the data acquisition unit, and the data acquisition unit is connected with the remote monitoring terminal through the wireless transmitter.
Preferably, the heat-insulating layer is of a single-layer or multi-layer heat-insulating structure, wherein the innermost layer is of a soft heat-insulating structure, and the total thickness of the soft heat-insulating layer is greater than 10 mm.
Preferably, the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor are on the same radius line, and the hollowed-out layer is a hollowed-out feature in the radius direction.
Preferably, the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor are regarded as a group of temperature sensors, and a plurality of groups of temperature sensors are arranged at different positions in the axial direction of the pipeline.
The invention also provides a pipeline heat-insulating layer sinking hollow-out feature detection method which is realized by adopting the pipeline heat-insulating layer sinking hollow-out feature detection system, and the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: the data acquisition unit obtains the temperature T of the outer surface of the top end of the working tube through the measurement of the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor respectively1Temperature T of inner surface of bottom end of heat preservation layer2Temperature T of outer surface of bottom end of heat preservation layer3The measured temperature value is transmitted to a remote monitoring terminal through a wireless transmitter;
step 2: remote monitoring terminal is based on known working tube external diameter r1Outer diameter r of insulating layer2And equivalent thermal conductivity of the insulation material used for the insulation layer
According to the obtained temperature T of the inner surface of the bottom end of the heat-insulating layer2And the temperature T of the outer surface of the bottom end of the heat insulation layer3The calculation formula for obtaining the heat dissipation heat flow density q of the inner heat insulation layer is as follows:
wherein r is1Is the outside diameter of the working pipe, r2The outer diameter of the heat preservation layer is delta, and the hollow height is delta.
Then according to the obtained temperature T of the outer surface of the top end of the working pipe1And the temperature T of the inner surface of the bottom end of the heat insulation layer2The calculation formula for obtaining the heat dissipation heat flow density q of the inner heat insulation layer is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the equivalent thermal conductivity of the hollow layer is 1.0-1.2 times of the air thermal conductivity;
and step 3: the hollowed-out height obtained by simultaneous solving of formulas (1) and (2) is as follows:
and 4, step 4: performing steps 1-3 at each position by using n groups of temperature sensors arranged along the axial direction of the pipeline to obtain the hollow-out heights delta at different positions1,δ2,…,δnAnd hollow structure identification of any position of the pipeline is realized.
Preferably, when the trend of the calculated change of the hollow-out height delta is reversed,
the correction coefficient is required to be taken for correction, and the range of the correction coefficient is 1.1-1.5.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the main innovation and characteristics that:
(1) the invention provides a method for measuring temperature by prearranging a temperature sensor, which realizes real-time detection of the height of a hollow layer in a heat-insulating pipeline, thereby realizing real-time detection and diagnosis of structural deformation of the heat-insulating pipeline and making up the defects that the heat-insulating structural variation and the state of the hollow layer of the steam heat-supplying pipeline cannot be directly observed at present.
(2) The detection system provided by the invention has a simple structure, can be realized by embedding the temperature sensor, cannot damage the structure of the heat-insulating pipeline, and ensures the integrity of the heat-insulating pipeline.
(3) By adopting the method provided by the invention, the measurement of the hollow-out heights of any plurality of radial positions can be realized, so that the effective identification of the hollow-out layer structure is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a system for detecting sinking hollow-out characteristics of a heat-insulating layer of a pipeline in a non-sinking state according to the embodiment;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a system for detecting sinking hollowing characteristics of a heat-insulating layer of a pipeline in the presence of sinking according to the embodiment;
in the figure: working tube 1, heat preservation 2, first temperature sensor 3, second temperature sensor 4, third temperature sensor 5, fretwork layer 6, data collection station 7, wireless transmitter 8, remote monitoring terminal 9.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further elucidated and described with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
The invention provides a pipeline heat-insulating layer sinking hollowed-out feature detection system which comprises a first temperature sensor 3, a second temperature sensor 4, a third temperature sensor 5, a data acquisition unit 7, a wireless transmitter 8 and a remote monitoring terminal 9, and is used for detecting the hollowed-out feature of a hollowed-out layer 6 formed by separating a heat-insulating layer 2 wrapped outside a working pipe 1 from the lower end of the working pipe 1 under the action of gravity sinking, namely the maximum height of the hollowed-out layer 6.
As shown in figure 1, the working pipe 1 is wrapped by the heat-insulating layer 2, the heat-insulating layer is tightly attached to the periphery of the working pipe 1 when the heat-insulating layer does not settle, and hollow parts do not exist between the heat-insulating layer and the working pipe. As shown in fig. 2, in the long-term use process, due to factors such as gravity, the heat insulating material of the heat insulating layer 2 will settle under the action of gravity, which means that the heat insulating layer 2 will gradually separate from the outer wall of the pipeline at the bottom of the working pipe 1 to form an air layer, i.e. the hollow layer 6 to be detected in the invention. After the hollowed-out layer 6 appears, the thermodynamic state outside the pipeline changes, and the height of the hollowed-out layer 6 can be reversely deduced by arranging a corresponding temperature sensor to detect the changes. In the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, a first temperature sensor 3 is installed on the outer surface of the top end of a working pipe 1, a second temperature sensor 4 is installed on the inner surface of the bottom end of an insulating layer 2, and a third temperature sensor 5 is installed on the outer surface of the bottom end of the insulating layer 2. And first temperature sensor 3, second temperature sensor 4, third temperature sensor 5 link to each other with data collection station 7 respectively, and data collection station 7 can gather the real-time temperature value of each temperature sensor position, and data collection station 7 links to each other with remote monitoring terminal 9 through wireless transmitter 8, can send the temperature data of gathering for remote monitoring terminal 9 and calculate the fretwork height.
The heat-insulating layer 2 wrapped outside the working pipe 1 is of a single-layer or multi-layer heat-insulating structure, wherein the innermost layer is of a soft heat-insulating structure, and the total thickness of the soft heat-insulating layer is more than 10 mm. The equivalent thermal conductivity of the insulation layer 2 is determined by its single or multi-layer insulation structure. The reason for limiting the thickness is that when the thickness of the soft insulating layer is smaller, the sinking hollow phenomenon caused by the action of gravity is less obvious, so that when the total thickness of the soft insulating layer is larger than 10mm, the hollow height obtained by using the detection system and the detection method is more accurate.
In addition, as shown in fig. 2, since the second temperature sensor 4 is installed on the inner surface of the bottom end of the heat preservation layer 2, and the third temperature sensor 5 is installed on the outer surface of the bottom end of the heat preservation layer 2, the second temperature sensor 4 and the third temperature sensor 5 are on the same radius line of the cross section of the pipeline, and the hollow layer 6 is a hollow feature in the radius direction, that is, the thickness δ of the hollow layer 6 finally measured is the thickness of the hollow layer 6 through which the radius line passes.
The first temperature sensor 3, the second temperature sensor 4, and the third temperature sensor 5 may be regarded as a set of temperature sensors, and the set of temperature sensors may detect the thickness δ of the hollow layer 6 at the cross section of the mounting position. When the thickness delta of the hollow-out layer 6 at different positions of the pipeline needs to be detected, a plurality of groups of temperature sensors can be arranged at different positions of the pipeline in the axial direction at the same time.
Based on the pipe heat preservation layer sinking hollow-out feature detection system, the pipe heat preservation layer sinking hollow-out feature detection method provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
step 1: the data acquisition unit 7 obtains the appearance of the top end of the working tube 1 through the measurement of the first temperature sensor 3, the second temperature sensor 4 and the third temperature sensor 5 respectivelySurface temperature T1The temperature T of the inner surface of the bottom end of the heat preservation layer 22The temperature T of the outer surface of the bottom end of the heat preservation layer 23And the measured temperature value is transmitted to a remote monitoring terminal 9 through a wireless transmitter 8;
step 2: remote monitoring terminal 9 is based on known working tube 1 external diameter r1The outer diameter r of the heat-insulating layer 22And equivalent thermal conductivity of the insulation material used for the insulation layer 2
According to the obtained temperature T of the inner surface of the bottom end of the heat-insulating layer 22And the temperature T of the outer surface of the bottom end of the heat preservation layer 23The calculation formula for obtaining the heat dissipation heat flow density q of the inner heat insulation layer is as follows:
wherein r is1Is the outer diameter r of the working pipe 12The outer diameter of the heat preservation layer 2 is delta, and the hollow height is delta.
Then according to the obtained temperature T of the outer surface of the top end of the working pipe 11And the temperature T of the inner surface of the bottom end of the heat preservation layer 22The calculation formula for obtaining the heat dissipation heat flow density q of the inner heat insulation layer is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the equivalent heat conductivity of the hollow layer 6 is 1.0-1.2 times of the air heat conductivity;
and step 3: the hollowed-out height obtained by simultaneous solving of formulas (1) and (2) is as follows:
the hollow height δ in the above formula is obtained by simultaneous solution of equations, so that the value approximately equal to ≈ is used in the formula, and the value obtained by estimation in actual calculation can be directly used as the final hollow height δ value, that is, the above formula (3) can directly take the equal sign ═ as the value.
It should be noted that, if the trend of the calculated hollow-out height δ in equation (3) is reversed,
the correction coefficient is required to be taken for correction, and the range of the correction coefficient is 1.1-1.5. Equivalent thermal conductivity
The specific value and the specific correction coefficient need to be optimized and determined according to actual conditions, and the optimization is accurate to accurately calculate the hollow height.
And 4, step 4: performing steps 1-3 at each position by using n groups of temperature sensors arranged along the axial direction of the pipeline to obtain the hollow-out heights delta at different positions1,δ2,…,δnAnd hollow structure identification of any position of the pipeline is realized.
In conclusion, the invention adopts the temperature measuring points arranged at the characteristic positions of the heat preservation pipeline and the wireless transmission technology, combines the heat preservation heat transfer model, quickly, accurately and real-timely obtains the height of the hollowed layer in the heat preservation pipeline, makes up the defects of recognizing the heat preservation structure variation and the hollowed layer state of the steam heat preservation pipeline, and can accurately track the variation condition of the hollowed layer height when the heat preservation structure is continuously changed along with the increase of time, thereby providing detailed data support for the accurate calculation of the heat dissipation rate of the heat pipeline and the safe and efficient operation scheduling of the heat network.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, which should not be construed as limiting the invention. Various changes and modifications may be made by one of ordinary skill in the pertinent art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the technical scheme obtained by adopting the mode of equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation is within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The pipeline heat-insulating layer sinking hollowed-out feature detection system is characterized by comprising a first temperature sensor (3), a second temperature sensor (4), a third temperature sensor (5), a data collector (7), a wireless transmitter (8) and a remote monitoring terminal (9), wherein the hollow-out feature detection system is used for detecting a hollowed-out layer (6) formed by separating a heat-insulating layer (2) wrapped outside a working pipe (1) from the lower end of the working pipe (1) under the action of gravity sinking; the first temperature sensor (3) is arranged on the outer surface of the top end of the working pipe (1), the second temperature sensor (4) is arranged on the inner surface of the bottom end of the heat-insulating layer (2), and the third temperature sensor (5) is arranged on the outer surface of the bottom end of the heat-insulating layer (2); first temperature sensor (3), second temperature sensor (4), third temperature sensor (5) link to each other with data collection station (7) respectively, and data collection station (7) link to each other with remote monitoring terminal (9) through wireless transmitter (8).
2. The system for detecting the sunken hollow-out characteristics of the pipeline insulating layer according to claim 1, wherein the insulating layer (2) is of a single-layer or multi-layer insulating structure, the innermost layer is of a soft insulating structure, and the total thickness of the soft insulating layer is greater than 10 mm.
3. The system for detecting the sunken hollow-out feature of the insulating layer of the pipeline according to claim 1, wherein the second temperature sensor (4) and the third temperature sensor (5) are on the same radius line, and the hollow-out layer (6) is a hollow-out feature in the radius direction.
4. The system for detecting the sunken hollow-out feature of the heat-insulating layer of the pipeline as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first temperature sensor (3), the second temperature sensor (4) and the third temperature sensor (5) are regarded as a group of temperature sensors, and a plurality of groups of temperature sensors are arranged at different positions in the axial direction of the pipeline.
5. A pipeline heat-insulating layer sinking hollow-out feature detection method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the detection method is realized by adopting the system for detecting the sinking hollow-out characteristics of the pipeline heat-insulating layer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and comprises the following steps:
step 1: the data acquisition unit (7) obtains the temperature T of the outer surface of the top end of the working pipe (1) through the measurement of the first temperature sensor (3), the second temperature sensor (4) and the third temperature sensor (5) respectively1The temperature T of the inner surface of the bottom end of the heat-insulating layer (2)2The temperature T of the outer surface of the bottom end of the heat-insulating layer (2)3And the measured temperature value is transmitted to a remote monitoring terminal (9) through a wireless transmitter (8);
step 2: the remote monitoring terminal (9) is based on the known outer diameter r of the working pipe (1)1The outer diameter r of the heat-insulating layer (2)2And the equivalent thermal conductivity of the heat-insulating material used for the heat-insulating layer (2)
According to the obtained temperature T of the inner surface of the bottom end of the heat-insulating layer (2)2And the temperature T of the outer surface of the bottom end of the heat-insulating layer (2)3The calculation formula for obtaining the heat dissipation heat flow density q of the inner heat insulation layer is as follows:
wherein r is1Is the outer diameter r of the working pipe (1)2The outer diameter of the heat preservation layer (2) is delta is the hollow height.
Then according to the obtained temperature T of the outer surface of the top end of the working pipe (1)1And the temperature T of the inner surface of the bottom end of the heat-insulating layer (2)2The calculation formula for obtaining the heat dissipation heat flow density q of the inner heat insulation layer is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the equivalent thermal conductivity of the hollow layer (6) is 1.0-1.2 times of the air thermal conductivity;
and step 3: the hollowed-out height obtained by simultaneous solving of formulas (1) and (2) is as follows:
and 4, step 4: performing steps 1-3 at each position by using n groups of temperature sensors arranged along the axial direction of the pipeline to obtain the hollow-out heights delta at different positions1,δ2,…,δnAnd hollow structure identification of any position of the pipeline is realized.
6. The detection method for the sunken hollow-out characteristics of the heat-insulating layer of the pipeline according to claim 5, characterized by comprising the following steps: when the change trend of the calculated hollowed-out height delta is reversed,
the correction coefficient is required to be taken for correction, and the range of the correction coefficient is 1.1-1.5.
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