CN113503245A

CN113503245A - Piston assembly, compressor and refrigeration equipment

Info

Publication number: CN113503245A
Application number: CN202110970146.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李金锋; 徐敏; 何杰伟; 陈娟娟; 杜晴; 张家铭
Original assignee: Gree Green Refrigeration Technology Center Co Ltd of Zhuhai
Current assignee: Gree Green Refrigeration Technology Center Co Ltd of Zhuhai
Priority date: 2021-08-23
Filing date: 2021-08-23
Publication date: 2021-10-15
Anticipated expiration: 2041-08-23
Also published as: CN113503245B

Abstract

The invention provides a piston assembly, a compressor and refrigeration equipment. The piston assembly includes: the piston comprises a piston body, wherein a slide way which penetrates through the piston body along the axial direction is formed at the first end of the piston body; the plunger is slidably arranged in the slide way, the end surface of the plunger and the inner wall of the slide way enclose an expansion cavity, and when the plunger slides in the slide way, the volume of the expansion cavity can be increased or reduced; the elastic piece is arranged in the piston body and increases the volume of the expansion cavity when pushing the plunger to move towards the first direction; the cam is rotatably arranged in the piston body through a piston pin, and when the cam rotates to push the plunger to move towards a second direction opposite to the first direction, the capacity of the expansion cavity is reduced. According to the invention, by changing the piston structure, the expansion cavity is formed by the slide way and the plunger, and in the running process of the compressor, the piston structure is changed, so that the air suction volume of the cylinder hole is increased, the air suction quantity is increased, and the beneficial effects of increasing the discharge capacity and improving the refrigerating capacity of the compressor are achieved.

Description

Piston assembly, compressor and refrigeration equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of compressors, in particular to a piston assembly, a compressor and refrigeration equipment.

Background

In the refrigeration piston compressor industry, miniaturization and large discharge capacity of the compressor are one of the future trends of the industry. The small-sized piston compressor is often required to be matched in a small-sized refrigerating and heating system, but the small-sized piston compressor is often limited in application due to the fact that the displacement is too small; however, the increase of the upper discharge capacity of the conventional compressor needs to increase the inner diameter and the wall thickness of the cylinder hole, the overall dimension and the weight of the cylinder seat are increased, the overall dimension of the compressor is further increased, the miniaturization development trend of the compressor is not facilitated, and the capacity expansion difficulty of the discharge capacity of the small compressor is high.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, the present invention provides a piston assembly, a compressor and a refrigeration device, which are at least used for solving the technical problem of large difficulty in capacity expansion of the displacement of the compressor in the prior art, and specifically:

in a first aspect, the present invention provides a piston assembly comprising:

the piston comprises a piston body, wherein a slide way which penetrates through the piston body along the axial direction is formed at the first end of the piston body;

the plunger is slidably arranged in the slide way, the end surface of the plunger and the inner wall of the slide way enclose an expansion cavity, and when the plunger slides in the slide way, the volume of the expansion cavity can be increased or reduced;

the elastic piece is arranged in the piston body and increases the volume of the expansion cavity when pushing the plunger to move towards the first direction;

and the cam is rotatably arranged in the piston body through a piston pin, and when the cam rotates to push the plunger to move towards a second direction opposite to the first direction, the volume of the expansion cavity is reduced.

Further optionally, the piston body is of a cylindrical structure, a sliding cylinder is arranged at the first end of the piston body, an inner cavity of the sliding cylinder forms the slideway,

the radial dimension of the sliding cylinder is smaller than that of the piston body, the axial dimension of the sliding cylinder is smaller than that of the piston body, the sliding cylinder and the piston body are coaxially arranged, the piston body is connected with the sliding cylinder, and an annular end face is formed at the first end of the piston body.

Further optionally, an accommodating cavity is formed between the sliding cylinder and the piston body on the inner side of the piston body, the accommodating cavity is used for accommodating the elastic element, one end of the elastic element abuts against the accommodating cavity, and the other end of the elastic element abuts against the plunger.

Further optionally, the plunger comprises a plunger body, the plunger body is a cylindrical structure matched with the slide way in shape,

the first end of plunger body is formed with the extension along its circumference, the area of extension is greater than the area of the first end of plunger body, the elastic component supports and leans on the extension.

Further optionally, a guide groove is formed on the outer extension part and the outer extension part around the plunger body, and the end part of the sliding barrel can extend into the guide groove to form guide fit.

Further optionally, the plunger body and the slide way are provided in plurality, and the plunger body and the slide way are provided in one-to-one correspondence.

Further optionally, a plurality of the piston bodies are connected with the same external extension part to form an integral structure.

Further optionally, the peripheral wall of the cam is an elliptical wall surface, and the peripheral wall of the cam abuts against the first end of the plunger.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides a compressor, including the above piston assembly, the piston assembly being slidably disposed in a cylinder, the compressor further including:

the connecting rod comprises a crankshaft and a connecting rod, wherein a first connecting end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected with the piston pin, and a second connecting end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected with the crankshaft.

Further optionally, the first connecting end of the connecting rod includes two connecting heads arranged at an interval, the cam is arranged between the two connecting heads, and the two connecting heads and the cam are simultaneously rotatably connected with the piston pin.

Further optionally, a friction surface is formed between the two connectors, the friction surface is in contact with the outer peripheral wall of the cam, and the cam is pushed to rotate through the friction surface in the swinging process of the connecting rod.

Further optionally, during the air suction process of the compressor, the elastic member pushes the plunger to move, so as to form the expansion cavity,

in the exhaust process of the compressor, the cam pushes the plunger to move, and the volume of the expansion cavity is reduced.

In a third aspect, the present invention provides a refrigeration apparatus comprising the above-described compressor.

According to the invention, by changing the piston structure, the expansion cavity is formed by the slide way and the plunger, and in the running process of the compressor, the piston structure is changed, so that the air suction volume of the cylinder hole is increased, the air suction quantity is increased, and the beneficial effects of increasing the discharge capacity and improving the refrigerating capacity of the compressor are achieved.

Drawings

The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent by describing in detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings. The drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present disclosure, and other drawings may be derived from those drawings by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.

FIG. 1 shows an exploded view of a piston assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an assembled state of a piston assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a piston body according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a plunger according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a cam in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exploded view of a compressor section component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the compressor component of FIG. 6 in an assembled state;

FIG. 8 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a connecting rod in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure:

11. a piston body; 111. a slide cylinder 112, a slide way; 113. an accommodating chamber; 114. mounting holes; 12. a plunger; 121. a plunger body; 122. an extension portion; 123. a guide groove; 13. an elastic member; 14. a cam; 15. a piston pin; 16. an elastic positioning pin; 20. a connecting rod; 21. a connector; 22. a second connection end; 30. a crankshaft; 40. a cylinder block; 50. and a cylinder.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The terminology used in the embodiments of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the examples of the present invention and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and "a" and "an" generally include at least two, but do not exclude at least one, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

It should be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein is merely one type of association that describes an associated object, meaning that three relationships may exist, e.g., a and/or B may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.

It is also noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a good or system that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such good or system. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a commodity or system that includes the element.

According to the invention, by changing the piston structure and forming the expansion cavity by using the slide way and the plunger, the effects of increasing the air inflow of the cylinder and increasing the displacement are achieved. When the compressor sucks air, the plunger moves towards the tail of the cylinder under the action of the spring, so that the air suction volume of the cylinder is increased, and the air suction quantity of the cylinder is increased; in the exhaust process of the compressor, the small end of the connecting rod drives the cam to rotate through tangential friction force, in the rotation process of the cam, the cam compresses the plunger to enable the plunger to move towards the head of the cylinder, and when the exhaust is finished, the upper end face of the plunger and the end face of the piston are located on the same plane, so that the expansion cavity disappears. In the operation process of the compressor, the piston structure is changed, so that the air suction volume of the cylinder hole can be increased, and the beneficial effects of increasing the discharge capacity and improving the refrigerating capacity of the compressor are achieved. The invention is described in detail below with reference to specific examples:

as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides a piston assembly including:

a piston body 11, wherein a slide rail 112 which penetrates along the axial direction is formed at the first end of the piston body 11;

the plunger 12 is slidably arranged in the slide rail 112, the end part of the plunger 12 is positioned in the slide rail 112, an expansion cavity is enclosed by the end surface of the plunger 12 and the inner wall of the slide rail 112, and the volume of the expansion cavity is increased or reduced by the sliding of the plunger 12;

the elastic piece 13 is arranged in the piston body 11, and when the elastic piece pushes the plunger 12 to move towards the first direction, the volume of the expansion cavity is increased;

the cam 14, the cam 14 is rotatably arranged in the piston body through a piston pin 15, and the cam 14 can push the plunger 12 to move towards a second direction opposite to the first direction when rotating so as to reduce the volume of the expansion cavity until the volume disappears. Specifically, in the air suction process, the plunger 12 moves towards the first direction to gradually form an expansion cavity, so that the air suction amount can be increased; in the exhaust process, the plunger 12 moves towards the second direction, the volume of the expansion cavity is gradually reduced until the expansion cavity disappears, the refrigerant can be completely discharged, and the effects of increasing the discharge capacity of the compressor and improving the refrigerating capacity of the compressor are achieved through the expansion cavity.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, the piston body 11 is a cylinder structure, a sliding cylinder 111 is arranged at the first end of the piston body 11, an inner cavity of the sliding cylinder 111 forms a sliding channel 112, a radial dimension and an axial dimension of the sliding cylinder 111 are both smaller than those of the piston body 11, the sliding cylinder 111 is arranged coaxially with the piston body 11, the piston body 11 is connected with the sliding cylinder 111, and an annular end surface is formed at the first end of the piston body 11. Preferably, the end surface of the plunger 12 is coplanar with the annular end surface when the flash chamber is absent.

Inside the piston body 11, an accommodating chamber 113 is formed between the slide cylinder 111 and the piston body 11, and the accommodating chamber 113 is used for accommodating the elastic member 13. Preferably, the accommodating cavity 113 may be an annular cavity formed along the circumferential direction of the slide cylinder 111, the elastic member 13 may be provided in a plurality, and the plurality of elastic members 13 are distributed along the circumferential direction of the slide cylinder 111, so that the arrangement of the elastic members 13 may be more diversified, and the position and the number may be conveniently adjusted. Or, the accommodating cavity 113 may be a plurality of independent cylindrical cavities, and one elastic element 13 is disposed in each accommodating cavity 113, so that the elastic element 13 is prevented from displacement, and the plurality of cavities are connected to the sliding cylinder 111 and the piston body 11, and further improve the strength of the sliding cylinder 111.

The elastic element 13 is preferably a spring, in particular a compression spring, or the elastic element 13 may also be a cylindrical rubber structure or another elastic structure.

It is contemplated that in other embodiments, the piston body 11 may be provided with a solid first end, and both the slideway 112 and the receiving cavity 113 are formed by means of openings.

A portion between the second end of the piston body 11 and the slide cylinder 111 forms a cavity, and a mounting hole 114 for mounting the piston pin 15 is formed on a side wall of the portion in which the cam 14 is located.

As shown in fig. 4, the plunger 12 includes a plunger body 121, the plunger body 121 is a cylindrical structure adapted to the shape of the slide track 112, the slide track 112 is a circular channel in this embodiment, and the plunger body 121 is a cylindrical structure, but is not limited to a cylindrical structure, and may be other shapes, such as a prism, an elliptic cylinder, and the like, and of course, a circular cylinder is more convenient for machining and assembling.

The first end of the plunger body 121 is formed with an outward extension portion 122 along the circumference, the area of the outward extension portion 122 is larger than that of the first end of the plunger body 121, and the outward extension portion 122 extends to the radial outer side of the slide rail 112, so that the plunger body 121 can be limited in movement. The elastic member 13 pushes the plunger 12 to move against the outer extension 122. Preferably, the extension portion 122 has a circular structure, and the elastic member 13 may be disposed on a circumference thereof, or the extension portion 122 may have a non-circular structure, specifically, a shape symmetrical with respect to the diameter of the plunger body 121, such as a shuttle shape, and the elastic member 13 may be disposed on both ends of the extension portion 122.

Preferably, the outer extension 122 and the outer extension 122 are formed with a guide groove 123 around the plunger body 121, and the end of the slide cylinder 111 can extend into the guide groove 123 to form a guide fit. Further, the guide groove 123 may be an annular groove formed along the circumferential direction of the plunger body 121, or the guide groove 123 may also be a plurality of intermittent arc-shaped grooves distributed along the circumferential direction of the plunger body 121. The end of the slide cylinder 111 extends into the guide groove 123, and the slide cylinder 111 is slidably engaged with the guide groove 123 and guided during the movement of the plunger 12.

Preferably, in other embodiments, the plunger body 121 and the slide rail 112 are provided in plurality, and the plunger bodies 121 and the slide rails 112 are provided in one-to-one correspondence. The piston bodies 11 are connected to the same outer extension portion 122 to form an integral structure, and the plurality of piston bodies 11 move synchronously.

As shown in fig. 5, the peripheral wall of the cam 14 is an elliptical wall, the peripheral wall of the cam 14 abuts against the first end of the plunger 12, the length of the major axis a of the peripheral wall of the cam 14 is 21mm, the length of the minor axis b is 19mm, and the specific size parameters of the cam 14 are determined according to the moving range of the plunger 12.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the present invention further provides a compressor, which is a piston compressor and includes the above-mentioned piston assembly, the piston assembly is slidably disposed in the cylinder 50, and the compressor further includes: a crankshaft 30 and a connecting rod 20, a first connecting end of the connecting rod 20 being rotatably connected with the piston pin 15, and a second connecting end 22 of the connecting rod 20 being rotatably connected with the crankshaft 30. Specifically, the compressor further comprises a cylinder seat 40, a cylinder 50 is arranged on the cylinder seat 40, a piston assembly is slidably arranged in a cylinder hole of the cylinder 50, the crankshaft 30 is rotatably arranged on the cylinder seat 40, the connecting rod 20 is connected with the crankshaft 30 and the piston assembly, the crankshaft 30 is connected with a motor and is driven to rotate by the motor, and the crankshaft 30 rotates to drive the connecting rod 20 to swing so as to drive the piston assembly to slide in the cylinder hole.

As shown in fig. 8, the first connecting end of the connecting rod 20 includes two connecting heads 21 arranged at intervals, the cam 14 is arranged between the two connecting heads 21, the two connecting heads 21 and the cam 14 are simultaneously rotatably connected with the piston pin 15, and the piston pin 15 is fixed with the piston body 11 through the elastic locating pin 16. Preferably, the cam 14 and the connectors 21 are in clearance fit, a friction surface is formed between the two connectors 21, the friction surface is in contact with the outer peripheral wall of the cam 14, the cam 14 is pushed to rotate by the friction surface during the swinging of the connecting rod 20, the cam 14 is rotated by the friction surface through tangential friction force during the swinging of the connecting rod 20, the friction surface is preferably an arc-shaped surface, the contact area with the cam 14 can be increased, so that the friction force is increased, and further, a rough structure of a non-smooth surface can be arranged on the friction surface to increase the friction force of the friction surface.

In the air suction process of the compressor, the elastic part 13 pushes the plunger 12 to move to form an expansion cavity, and in the air exhaust process of the compressor, the cam 14 pushes the plunger 12 to move to reduce the volume of the expansion cavity until the expansion cavity disappears.

Specifically, when the compressor is operated, the motor rotates to drive the crankshaft 30 to rotate, so that the connecting rod 20 performs reciprocating swing, and the connecting rod 20 is connected with the piston body 11 through the piston pin 15, so that the piston assembly performs reciprocating motion in the cylinder hole to perform work on gas compression. The air suction process of the compressor comprises the following steps: when the piston assembly sucks air, the plunger 12 moves towards the tail part of the cylinder hole (the first direction) under the action of the spring, the end face of the plunger 12 moves into the slide rail 112 to form a cylindrical expansion cavity, the volume of the cylinder 50 is increased, and the air inflow is increased; and (3) a compressor exhaust process: the crankshaft 30 rotates to drive the connecting rod 20 to swing so that the cam 14 rotates, the peripheral wall of the cam 14 is always in contact with the first end of the plunger 12, the plunger 12 is pressed by the cam 14 in the rotating process to move towards the head part (the second direction) of the cylinder hole, the end face of the plunger 12 is just in the same plane with the end face of the piston body 11 when the compression process is finished, and the expansion cavity disappears. The piston compressor structure benefits from a variable-volume piston structure, and in the air suction process of the compressor, the plunger 12 moves towards the tail part of the cylinder hole to form a cylindrical expansion cavity to increase the volume of the cylinder 50 and improve the air inflow; in the exhaust process, the gas in the cylinder 50 moved by the plunger 12 to the cylinder hole head is completely compressed and exhausted, so that the aim of improving the refrigerating capacity of the compressor is fulfilled.

The invention also provides refrigeration equipment which comprises the compressor, and preferably, the refrigeration equipment is a refrigerator.

Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are specifically illustrated and described above. It is to be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the precise arrangements, instrumentalities, or instrumentalities described herein; on the contrary, the disclosure is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A piston assembly, comprising:

2. The piston assembly of claim 1, wherein the piston body is a cylinder structure, a sliding cylinder is arranged at the first end of the piston body, the inner cavity of the sliding cylinder forms the slideway,

3. The piston assembly as set forth in claim 2, wherein a receiving chamber is formed between said slide cylinder and said piston body inside said piston body for receiving said elastic member, one end of said elastic member abuts against said receiving chamber, and the other end of said elastic member abuts against said plunger.

4. The piston assembly of claim 3, wherein the plunger comprises a plunger body having a cylindrical configuration that conforms to the shape of the ramp,

5. An assembly as set forth in claim 4 wherein said extension and said extension define guide slots about said body, said shuttle end being extendable into guiding engagement within said guide slots.

6. The piston assembly of claim 4, wherein the plurality of plunger bodies and the plurality of ramps are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.

7. The piston assembly of claim 6 wherein a plurality of said piston bodies are connected to the same said outer extension to form a unitary structure.

8. The piston assembly of claim 4 wherein said cam peripheral wall is an elliptical wall, said cam peripheral wall abutting said plunger first end.

9. A compressor comprising the piston assembly of any one of claims 1-8, the piston assembly being slidably disposed within a cylinder, the compressor further comprising:

10. The compressor of claim 9, wherein the first connecting end of the connecting rod includes two spaced apart connecting heads, the cam being disposed between the two connecting heads, both the connecting heads and the cam being rotatably connected to the wrist pin.

11. The compressor of claim 10, wherein a friction surface is formed between the two connecting heads, the friction surface is in contact with the outer peripheral wall of the cam, and the cam is pushed to rotate by the friction surface during the swinging of the connecting rod.

12. The compressor of claim 9, wherein during suction of the compressor, the elastic member pushes the plunger to move to form the expansion cavity,

13. A refrigeration apparatus comprising a compressor as claimed in any one of claims 9 to 12.