CN113502416A - Manufacturing method of automobile suspension part and automobile suspension part - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of automobile suspension part and automobile suspension part Download PDFInfo
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- CN113502416A CN113502416A CN202110726471.0A CN202110726471A CN113502416A CN 113502416 A CN113502416 A CN 113502416A CN 202110726471 A CN202110726471 A CN 202110726471A CN 113502416 A CN113502416 A CN 113502416A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G7/00—Pivoted suspension arms; Accessories thereof
- B60G7/001—Suspension arms, e.g. constructional features
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a manufacturing method of an automobile suspension part and the automobile suspension part, and the method comprises the following steps: s1: preparing an aluminum alloy raw material, wherein the aluminum alloy raw material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.15 to 0.22 percent of Fe, 1.25 to 1.35 percent of Si, 0.82 to 0.88 percent of Mn, 0.15 to 0.2 percent of Cu, 0.85 to 0.95 percent of Mg, 0.17 to 0.25 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.06 percent of Ni, less than or equal to 0.6 percent of Zn, 0.05 to 0.1 percent of Ti, 0.03 to 0.05 percent of Zr, 0.18 to 0.26 percent of Sn, 0.12 to 0.29 percent of Li, 0.03 to 0.09 percent of Co, and the balance of Al; s2: smelting an aluminum alloy raw material to prepare an aluminum alloy melt; s3: casting an aluminum alloy melt to produce a preform; s4: and (4) forging the prefabricated member to prepare a finished part. Through material improvement of the aluminum alloy raw material, the suspension strength and stability can be improved, and the self weight of the automobile can be effectively reduced, so that the energy consumption of the automobile is reduced, and the energy conservation and emission reduction in the use process of the automobile are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of part manufacturing, in particular to a manufacturing method of an automobile suspension part and the automobile suspension part.
Background
The automobile suspension system is arranged between a frame and wheels of an automobile, is formed by automobile suspension parts (an automobile control arm, an automobile transverse pull rod and the like), and has the functions of transmitting force and moment acting between the wheels and the frame, buffering impact force transmitted to an automobile body from an uneven road surface, and attenuating vibration caused by the impact force so as to ensure that the automobile can run stably.
In the prior art, the automobile suspension part is usually formed by stamping and welding a steel pipe and/or a steel plate, the mass of the automobile suspension part is large, the dead weight of an automobile is increased, the energy consumption of the automobile is increased, and the energy conservation and emission reduction in the use process of the automobile are not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides a manufacturing method of an automobile suspension component and the automobile suspension component, which can effectively reduce the self weight of an automobile while ensuring the suspension strength and stability, so that the energy consumption of the automobile is reduced, and the energy conservation and emission reduction in the using process of the automobile are realized.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:
according to a first aspect of embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing an automotive suspension component, including the steps of:
s1: preparing an aluminum alloy raw material, wherein the aluminum alloy raw material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.15 to 0.22 percent of Fe, 1.25 to 1.35 percent of Si, 0.82 to 0.88 percent of Mn, 0.15 to 0.2 percent of Cu, 0.85 to 0.95 percent of Mg, 0.17 to 0.25 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.06 percent of Ni, less than or equal to 0.6 percent of Zn, 0.05 to 0.1 percent of Ti, 0.03 to 0.05 percent of Zr, 0.18 to 0.26 percent of Sn, 0.12 to 0.29 percent of Li, 0.03 to 0.09 percent of Co, and the balance of Al;
s2: smelting an aluminum alloy raw material to prepare an aluminum alloy melt;
s3: casting an aluminum alloy melt to produce a preform;
s4: and (4) forging the prefabricated member to prepare a finished part.
Preferably, step S2 includes:
s21: putting an aluminum ingot into a smelting furnace, and keeping the furnace temperature in the smelting furnace at 720-760 ℃;
s22: separating impurities in the aluminum liquid by using a slag removing agent, and removing the separated impurities;
s23: putting Fe, Si, Mn, Cu, Mg, Cr, Ni, Zn, Ti, Zr, Sn, Li and Co in aluminum alloy raw materials into aluminum liquid according to a preset proportion, and fully stirring to obtain an aluminum alloy melt;
s24: refining the aluminum alloy melt for 50min by adopting an argon powder spraying refining mode, and removing scum in the aluminum alloy melt after the refining is finished;
s25: and standing the refined aluminum alloy melt for 27 min.
Preferably, step S22 includes:
s221: putting the slag removing agent into a smelting furnace when the furnace temperature is 740 ℃;
s222: stirring the aluminum liquid for 22-26 min;
s223: and removing scum on the surface of the aluminum liquid.
Preferably, step S3 includes:
s31: reducing the temperature of the aluminum alloy melt to 70-90 ℃ of liquid phase temperature;
s32: pouring the cooled aluminum alloy melt into a cavity of a casting mold;
s33: applying pressure to the aluminum alloy melt poured into the cavity and keeping for 15-18 s;
s34: and cooling the aluminum alloy melt to form the preform.
Preferably, step S33 includes:
s331: cooling the aluminum alloy melt poured into the cavity of the casting mold for 8-15 s along with the mold;
s332: and applying a pressure of 110 MPa-180 MPa to the aluminum alloy melt cooled along with the die.
Preferably, step S4 includes:
s41: heating the preform;
s42: mounting the heated prefabricated part in a cavity of a forging die;
s43: and (5) striking the mould.
Preferably, in step S41, the preform is heated to a temperature of 450 to 550 ℃;
in step S43, the beating frequency is 20 to 30 beats/S, and the feed amount of a single beating is 0.2 to 0.6 mm.
Preferably, the method for manufacturing a suspension member for an automobile further includes:
s5: and treating the surface of the forged prefabricated part.
Preferably, step S5 further includes:
s51: cleaning the forged prefabricated part;
s52: carrying out micro-arc oxidation treatment on the cleaned prefabricated part;
s53: and (4) performing surface coating treatment on the micro-arc oxidation treated prefabricated part.
A second aspect of the invention provides an automotive suspension component prepared by the method of manufacturing an automotive suspension component according to the above, the automotive suspension component being a control arm or an automotive track rod.
According to the manufacturing method of the automobile suspension component, the material improvement of the aluminum alloy raw material is configured, so that the suspension strength and the stability can be improved, the self weight of the automobile can be effectively reduced, the energy consumption of the automobile is reduced, and the energy conservation and emission reduction in the using process of the automobile are realized.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In one embodiment, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a suspension member for an automobile, comprising the steps of:
s1: preparing an aluminum alloy raw material, wherein the aluminum alloy raw material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.15 to 0.22 percent of Fe, 1.25 to 1.35 percent of Si, 0.82 to 0.88 percent of Mn, 0.15 to 0.2 percent of Cu, 0.85 to 0.95 percent of Mg, 0.17 to 0.25 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.06 percent of Ni, less than or equal to 0.6 percent of Zn, 0.05 to 0.1 percent of Ti, 0.03 to 0.05 percent of Zr, 0.18 to 0.26 percent of Sn, 0.12 to 0.29 percent of Li, 0.03 to 0.09 percent of Co, and the balance of Al;
s2: and smelting the aluminum alloy raw material to prepare the aluminum alloy melt.
Wherein, smelting the aluminum alloy raw material in the step S2 to prepare the aluminum alloy melt specifically comprises:
s21: putting an aluminum ingot into a smelting furnace, and keeping the furnace temperature in the smelting furnace at 720-760 ℃;
s22: separating impurities in the aluminum liquid by using a slag removing agent, and removing the separated impurities; specifically, the slag removing agent is put into a smelting furnace when the furnace temperature is 740 ℃; stirring the aluminum liquid for 22-26 min; removing scum on the surface of the aluminum liquid;
s23: putting Fe, Si, Mn, Cu, Mg, Cr, Ni, Zn, Ti, Zr, Sn, Li and Co in aluminum alloy raw materials into aluminum liquid according to a preset proportion, and fully stirring to obtain an aluminum alloy melt;
s24: refining the aluminum alloy melt for 50min by adopting an argon powder spraying refining mode, and removing scum in the aluminum alloy melt after the refining is finished;
s25: and standing the refined aluminum alloy melt for 27 min.
S3: casting the aluminum alloy melt to produce a preform.
Preferably, casting the aluminum alloy melt to produce the preform in step S3 specifically includes:
s31: reducing the temperature of the aluminum alloy melt to 70-90 ℃ of liquid phase temperature;
s32: pouring the cooled aluminum alloy melt into a cavity of a casting mold;
s33: applying pressure to the aluminum alloy melt poured into the cavity and keeping for 15-18 s; wherein, the aluminum alloy melt poured into the cavity of the casting die is cooled for 8-15 s along with the die; and applying a pressure of 110 MPa-180 MPa to the aluminum alloy melt cooled along with the die.
S34: and cooling the aluminum alloy melt to form the preform.
S4: and (4) forging the prefabricated member to prepare a finished part.
Wherein the preform is die-forged in step S4 to prepare a finished part, specifically including:
s41: heating the preform; wherein the heating temperature of the prefabricated member is 450-550 ℃;
s42: mounting the heated prefabricated part in a cavity of a forging die;
s43: beating the die, wherein the beating frequency is 20-30 times/s, and the feeding amount of single beating is 0.2-0.6 mm;
s5: and treating the surface of the forged prefabricated part.
Preferably, the processing of the surface of the forged preform in step S5 specifically includes:
s51: cleaning the forged prefabricated part;
s52: carrying out micro-arc oxidation treatment on the cleaned prefabricated part;
s53: and (4) performing surface coating treatment on the micro-arc oxidation treated prefabricated part.
Further, the present invention also provides an automobile suspension component prepared by the method for manufacturing an automobile suspension component according to the above, the automobile suspension component being a control arm or an automobile tie rod.
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below, and it should be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
In embodiment 1, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a suspension member for an automobile, comprising the steps of:
s101: preparing an aluminum alloy raw material, wherein the aluminum alloy raw material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.18% of Fe, 1.26% of Si, 0.86% of Mn, 0.17% of Cu, 0.88% of Mg, 0.19% of Cr, less than or equal to 0.06% of Ni, less than or equal to 0.6% of Zn, 0.07% of Ti, 0.04% of Zr, 0.19% of Sn, 0.15% of Li, 0.06% of Co and the balance of Al;
s102: smelting an aluminum alloy raw material to prepare an aluminum alloy melt; putting the aluminum ingot into a smelting furnace, keeping the furnace temperature in the smelting furnace at 750 ℃, putting the slag-striking agent into the smelting furnace when the furnace temperature is 740 ℃, and stirring the aluminum liquid for 25 min; removing scum on the surface of the aluminum liquid, putting Fe, Si, Mn, Cu, Mg, Cr, Ni, Zn, Ti, Zr, Sn, Li and Co in the aluminum alloy raw materials into the aluminum liquid according to a preset proportion, fully stirring to obtain an aluminum alloy melt, refining the aluminum alloy melt for 50min by adopting an argon powder spraying refining mode, removing the scum in the aluminum alloy melt after the refining is finished, and standing the refined aluminum alloy melt for 27 min.
S103: casting an aluminum alloy melt to produce a preform; reducing the temperature of the aluminum alloy melt to 80 ℃ of liquid phase temperature, pouring the cooled aluminum alloy melt into a cavity of a casting mold, applying pressure to the aluminum alloy melt poured into the cavity, and keeping for 15 s; cooling the aluminum alloy melt poured into the cavity of the casting mold for 10s along with the mold; and applying 150MPa pressure to the aluminum alloy melt cooled along with the die, and cooling the aluminum alloy melt to form the prefabricated member.
S104: swaging the preform to produce a finished part; heating the prefabricated member at the heating temperature of 480 ℃, installing the heated prefabricated member in a cavity of a forging die, and striking the die, wherein the striking frequency is 25 times/s, and the feeding amount of single striking is 0.5 mm;
s105: processing the surface of the forged prefabricated part; cleaning the forged prefabricated part, carrying out micro-arc oxidation treatment on the cleaned prefabricated part, and carrying out surface coating treatment on the micro-arc oxidation treated prefabricated part.
Example 2
In embodiment 2, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a suspension member for an automobile, including the steps of:
s201: preparing an aluminum alloy raw material, wherein the aluminum alloy raw material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.2% of Fe, 1.29% of Si, 0.85% of Mn, 0.16% of Cu, 0.9% of Mg, 0.21% of Cr, less than or equal to 0.06% of Ni, less than or equal to 0.6% of Zn, 0.08% of Ti, 0.03% of Zr, 0.22% of Sn, 0.16% of Li, 0.05% of Co and the balance of Al;
s202: smelting an aluminum alloy raw material to prepare an aluminum alloy melt; putting the aluminum ingot into a smelting furnace, keeping the furnace temperature in the smelting furnace at 730 ℃, putting the slag-striking agent into the smelting furnace when the furnace temperature is 740 ℃, and stirring the aluminum liquid for 23 min; removing scum on the surface of the aluminum liquid, putting Fe, Si, Mn, Cu, Mg, Cr, Ni, Zn, Ti, Zr, Sn, Li and Co in the aluminum alloy raw materials into the aluminum liquid according to a preset proportion, fully stirring to obtain an aluminum alloy melt, refining the aluminum alloy melt for 50min by adopting an argon powder spraying refining mode, removing the scum in the aluminum alloy melt after the refining is finished, and standing the refined aluminum alloy melt for 27 min.
S203: casting an aluminum alloy melt to produce a preform; reducing the temperature of the aluminum alloy melt to 75 ℃ of liquid phase temperature, pouring the cooled aluminum alloy melt into a cavity of a casting mold, applying pressure to the aluminum alloy melt poured into the cavity, and keeping for 16 s; cooling the aluminum alloy melt poured into the cavity of the casting mold for 12 seconds along with the mold; and applying a pressure of 130MPa to the aluminum alloy melt cooled along with the die, and cooling the aluminum alloy melt to form a prefabricated member.
S204: swaging the preform to produce a finished part; heating the prefabricated member at the heating temperature of 490 ℃, installing the heated prefabricated member in a cavity of a forging die, and striking the die, wherein the striking frequency is 20 times/s, and the feeding amount of single striking is 0.6 mm;
s205: processing the surface of the forged prefabricated part; cleaning the forged prefabricated part, carrying out micro-arc oxidation treatment on the cleaned prefabricated part, and carrying out surface coating treatment on the micro-arc oxidation treated prefabricated part.
Example 3
In embodiment 3, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a suspension member for an automobile, comprising the steps of:
s301: preparing an aluminum alloy raw material, wherein the aluminum alloy raw material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.21% of Fe, 1.3% of Si, 0.84% of Mn, 0.16% of Cu, 0.88% of Mg, 0.19% of Cr, less than or equal to 0.06% of Ni, less than or equal to 0.6% of Zn, 0.07% of Ti, 0.05% of Zr, 0.22% of Sn, 0.25% of Li, 0.06% of Co and the balance of Al;
s302: smelting an aluminum alloy raw material to prepare an aluminum alloy melt; putting the aluminum ingot into a smelting furnace, keeping the furnace temperature in the smelting furnace at 760 ℃, putting the slag-striking agent into the smelting furnace when the furnace temperature is 740 ℃, and stirring the aluminum liquid for 23 min; removing scum on the surface of the aluminum liquid, putting Fe, Si, Mn, Cu, Mg, Cr, Ni, Zn, Ti, Zr, Sn, Li and Co in the aluminum alloy raw materials into the aluminum liquid according to a preset proportion, fully stirring to obtain an aluminum alloy melt, refining the aluminum alloy melt for 50min by adopting an argon powder spraying refining mode, removing the scum in the aluminum alloy melt after the refining is finished, and standing the refined aluminum alloy melt for 27 min.
S303: casting an aluminum alloy melt to produce a preform; reducing the temperature of the aluminum alloy melt to 76 ℃ of liquid phase temperature, pouring the cooled aluminum alloy melt into a cavity of a casting mold, applying pressure to the aluminum alloy melt poured into the cavity, and keeping for 16 s; cooling the aluminum alloy melt poured into the cavity of the casting mold for 11 seconds along with the mold; and applying a pressure of 165MPa to the aluminum alloy melt cooled along with the die, and cooling the aluminum alloy melt to form a prefabricated member.
S304: swaging the preform to produce a finished part; heating the prefabricated member at the heating temperature of 500 ℃, installing the heated prefabricated member in a cavity of a forging die, and striking the die, wherein the striking frequency is 25 times/s, and the feeding amount of single striking is 0.3 mm;
s305: processing the surface of the forged prefabricated part; cleaning the forged prefabricated part, carrying out micro-arc oxidation treatment on the cleaned prefabricated part, and carrying out surface coating treatment on the micro-arc oxidation treated prefabricated part.
Example 4
In embodiment 4, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a suspension member for an automobile, including the steps of:
s401: preparing an aluminum alloy raw material, wherein the aluminum alloy raw material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.19% of Fe, 1.32% of Si, 0.87% of Mn, 0.17% of Cu, 0.92% of Mg, 0.21% of Cr, less than or equal to 0.06% of Ni, less than or equal to 0.6% of Zn, 0.07% of Ti, 0.05% of Zr, 0.24% of Sn, 0.26% of Li, 0.07% of Co and the balance of Al;
s402: smelting an aluminum alloy raw material to prepare an aluminum alloy melt; putting the aluminum ingot into a smelting furnace, keeping the furnace temperature in the smelting furnace at 730 ℃, putting the slag-striking agent into the smelting furnace when the furnace temperature is 740 ℃, and stirring the aluminum liquid for 25 min; removing scum on the surface of the aluminum liquid, putting Fe, Si, Mn, Cu, Mg, Cr, Ni, Zn, Ti, Zr, Sn, Li and Co in the aluminum alloy raw materials into the aluminum liquid according to a preset proportion, fully stirring to obtain an aluminum alloy melt, refining the aluminum alloy melt for 50min by adopting an argon powder spraying refining mode, removing the scum in the aluminum alloy melt after the refining is finished, and standing the refined aluminum alloy melt for 27 min.
S403: casting an aluminum alloy melt to produce a preform; reducing the temperature of the aluminum alloy melt to 73 ℃, pouring the cooled aluminum alloy melt into a cavity of a casting mold, applying pressure to the aluminum alloy melt poured into the cavity, and keeping for 16 s; cooling the aluminum alloy melt poured into the cavity of the casting mold for 13 seconds along with the mold; and applying a pressure of 130MPa to the aluminum alloy melt cooled along with the die, and cooling the aluminum alloy melt to form a prefabricated member.
S404: swaging the preform to produce a finished part; heating the prefabricated member at the heating temperature of 470 ℃, installing the heated prefabricated member in a cavity of a forging die, and striking the die, wherein the striking frequency is 28 times/s, and the feeding amount of single striking is 0.4 mm;
s405: processing the surface of the forged prefabricated part; cleaning the forged prefabricated part, carrying out micro-arc oxidation treatment on the cleaned prefabricated part, and carrying out surface coating treatment on the micro-arc oxidation treated prefabricated part.
Example 5
In embodiment 5, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a suspension member for an automobile, comprising the steps of:
s501: preparing an aluminum alloy raw material, wherein the aluminum alloy raw material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.19% of Fe, 1.33% of Si, 0.85% of Mn, 0.16% of Cu, 0.93% of Mg, 0.21% of Cr, less than or equal to 0.06% of Ni, less than or equal to 0.6% of Zn, 0.06% of Ti, 0.03% of Zr, 0.26% of Sn, 0.28% of Li, 0.09% of Co and the balance of Al;
s502: smelting an aluminum alloy raw material to prepare an aluminum alloy melt; putting an aluminum ingot into a smelting furnace, keeping the furnace temperature in the smelting furnace at 720 ℃, putting a slag-striking agent into the smelting furnace when the furnace temperature is 740 ℃, and stirring aluminum liquid for 26 min; removing scum on the surface of the aluminum liquid, putting Fe, Si, Mn, Cu, Mg, Cr, Ni, Zn, Ti, Zr, Sn, Li and Co in the aluminum alloy raw materials into the aluminum liquid according to a preset proportion, fully stirring to obtain an aluminum alloy melt, refining the aluminum alloy melt for 50min by adopting an argon powder spraying refining mode, removing the scum in the aluminum alloy melt after the refining is finished, and standing the refined aluminum alloy melt for 27 min.
S503: casting an aluminum alloy melt to produce a preform; reducing the temperature of the aluminum alloy melt to 79 ℃, pouring the cooled aluminum alloy melt into a cavity of a casting mold, applying pressure to the aluminum alloy melt poured into the cavity, and keeping for 16 s; cooling the aluminum alloy melt poured into the cavity of the casting mold for 13 seconds along with the mold; and applying 140MPa pressure to the aluminum alloy melt cooled along with the die, and cooling the aluminum alloy melt to form the prefabricated member.
S504: swaging the preform to produce a finished part; heating the prefabricated member at the heating temperature of 510 ℃, installing the heated prefabricated member in a cavity of a forging die, and striking the die, wherein the striking frequency is 28 times/s, and the feeding amount of single striking is 0.5 mm;
s505: processing the surface of the forged prefabricated part; cleaning the forged prefabricated part, carrying out micro-arc oxidation treatment on the cleaned prefabricated part, and carrying out surface coating treatment on the micro-arc oxidation treated prefabricated part.
Example 6
In embodiment 6, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a suspension member for an automobile, comprising the steps of:
s601: preparing an aluminum alloy raw material, wherein the aluminum alloy raw material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.22% of Fe, 1.28% of Si, 0.86% of Mn, 0.17% of Cu, 0.87% of Mg, 0.18% of Cr, less than or equal to 0.06% of Ni, less than or equal to 0.6% of Zn, 0.1% of Ti, 0.05% of Zr, 0.24% of Sn, 0.26% of Li, 0.08% of Co and the balance of Al;
s602: smelting an aluminum alloy raw material to prepare an aluminum alloy melt; putting the aluminum ingot into a smelting furnace, keeping the furnace temperature in the smelting furnace at 750 ℃, putting the slag-striking agent into the smelting furnace when the furnace temperature is 740 ℃, and stirring the aluminum liquid for 25 min; removing scum on the surface of the aluminum liquid, putting Fe, Si, Mn, Cu, Mg, Cr, Ni, Zn, Ti, Zr, Sn, Li and Co in the aluminum alloy raw materials into the aluminum liquid according to a preset proportion, fully stirring to obtain an aluminum alloy melt, refining the aluminum alloy melt for 50min by adopting an argon powder spraying refining mode, removing the scum in the aluminum alloy melt after the refining is finished, and standing the refined aluminum alloy melt for 27 min.
S603: casting an aluminum alloy melt to produce a preform; reducing the temperature of the aluminum alloy melt to 88 ℃ of liquid phase temperature, pouring the cooled aluminum alloy melt into a cavity of a casting mold, applying pressure to the aluminum alloy melt poured into the cavity, and keeping for 17 s; cooling the aluminum alloy melt poured into the cavity of the casting mold for 13 seconds along with the mold; and applying 170MPa pressure to the aluminum alloy melt cooled along with the die, and cooling the aluminum alloy melt to form the prefabricated member.
S604: swaging the preform to produce a finished part; heating the prefabricated member at the heating temperature of 510 ℃, installing the heated prefabricated member in a cavity of a forging die, and striking the die, wherein the striking frequency is 28 times/s, and the feeding amount of single striking is 0.3 mm;
s605: processing the surface of the forged prefabricated part; cleaning the forged prefabricated part, carrying out micro-arc oxidation treatment on the cleaned prefabricated part, and carrying out surface coating treatment on the micro-arc oxidation treated prefabricated part.
Example 7
In embodiment 7, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a suspension member for an automobile, comprising the steps of:
s701: preparing an aluminum alloy raw material, wherein the aluminum alloy raw material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.15% of Fe, 1.25% of Si, 0.82% of Mn, 0.15% of Cu, 0.85% of Mg, 0.17% of Cr, less than or equal to 0.06% of Ni, less than or equal to 0.6% of Zn, 0.05% of Ti, 0.03% of Zr, 0.18% of Sn, 0.12% of Li, 0.03% of Co and the balance of Al;
s702: smelting an aluminum alloy raw material to prepare an aluminum alloy melt; putting the aluminum ingot into a smelting furnace, keeping the furnace temperature in the smelting furnace at 730 ℃, putting the slag-striking agent into the smelting furnace when the furnace temperature is 740 ℃, and stirring the aluminum liquid for 22 min; removing scum on the surface of the aluminum liquid, putting Fe, Si, Mn, Cu, Mg, Cr, Ni, Zn, Ti, Zr, Sn, Li and Co in the aluminum alloy raw materials into the aluminum liquid according to a preset proportion, fully stirring to obtain an aluminum alloy melt, refining the aluminum alloy melt for 50min by adopting an argon powder spraying refining mode, removing the scum in the aluminum alloy melt after the refining is finished, and standing the refined aluminum alloy melt for 27 min.
S703: casting an aluminum alloy melt to produce a preform; reducing the temperature of the aluminum alloy melt to 70 ℃, pouring the cooled aluminum alloy melt into a cavity of a casting mold, applying pressure to the aluminum alloy melt poured into the cavity, and keeping for 15 s; wherein, the aluminum alloy melt poured into the cavity of the casting die is cooled for 8s along with the die; and applying 110MPa pressure to the aluminum alloy melt cooled along with the die, and cooling the aluminum alloy melt to form a prefabricated member.
S704: swaging the preform to produce a finished part; heating the prefabricated member at the heating temperature of 450 ℃, installing the heated prefabricated member in a cavity of a forging die, and striking the die, wherein the striking frequency is 20 times/s, and the feeding amount of single striking is 0.2 mm;
s705: processing the surface of the forged prefabricated part; cleaning the forged prefabricated part, carrying out micro-arc oxidation treatment on the cleaned prefabricated part, and carrying out surface coating treatment on the micro-arc oxidation treated prefabricated part.
Comparative example 1
The manufacturing method of the automobile suspension component comprises the following steps:
starting a quantitative feeding device on the vacuum smelting furnace, and injecting the semi-solid magnesium alloy into the pressure injection charging barrel through a material pipe;
starting pressure injection oil cylinders in three directions in a die casting machine, pushing pressure injection punches in three pressure injection devices to simultaneously push towards a die cavity from three directions, and pressure injecting semisolid magnesium alloy into the die cavity and forming; during injection, three-section injection speed is adopted to complete injection according to the injection stroke, wherein the first section of stroke is 1/2 of the whole section of stroke, and the injection speed of the punch is controlled within the range of 100-150 mm/s; 1/3 with the second section of stroke being the whole section of stroke, and controlling the injection speed of the punch within the range of 200-250 mm/s; the third section of stroke is 1/6 of the whole section of stroke, and the injection speed of the punch is controlled within the range of 300-350 mm/s; then the punch is pressurized, the pressure injection force is controlled within the range of 2500-;
starting a secondary pressure oil cylinder of a die casting machine, pulling a composite forming mold core casting mold, simultaneously pushing a movable mold core to move downwards by a main pressure oil cylinder of the die casting machine, enabling the movable mold core to be combined with the composite forming mold core and a fixed mold core to be further matched, controlling the die casting specific pressure to be 1000 plus 1050Bar, controlling the die casting stroke to be 0.5-1.5 mm, and then maintaining the pressure by the main pressure oil cylinder for 20-30 seconds;
and cooling the casting to 380-plus-400 ℃, then sequentially starting the main pressure oil cylinder and the injection oil cylinder, withdrawing the die-casting punch and the injection punch, then starting the die closing oil cylinder to lift the movable die back plate, separating the movable die core from the composite forming die core, then starting the auxiliary pressure oil cylinder to separate the composite forming die core from the fixed die core, then starting the ejection oil cylinder, pushing the ejector rod to eject the cast-molded casting, and then taking out the casting by a robot to obtain the blank automobile control arm.
Comparative example 2
The manufacturing method of the automobile suspension part is characterized in that an AM series or AZ series magnesium alloy material is adopted, and the automobile suspension part is manufactured through a composite forming process of primary casting, heating and final forging forming, wherein the composite forming process of primary casting, heating and final forging forming is that a casting blank of a control arm body is formed in a die cavity of a die by die casting or extrusion casting on a 500-800T die casting machine, then the temperature is preserved for 18-25 minutes in a 350-400 ℃ closed heating furnace, and then the casting blank is forged in a final forging die on a 300-500T hydraulic machine to obtain a final forming piece of the magnesium alloy automobile control arm which meets the requirements finally.
The automobile suspension parts prepared in examples 1 to 7 according to the present invention were subjected to yield strength measurement, and the results of the yield strength measurement are shown in table 1 below, using the automobile suspension parts prepared in comparative examples 1 to 2 as a control. The yield strength is measured by adopting an indicator method, namely when the indicator of the force measuring dial stops rotating for the first time, or the maximum force before the indicator turns for the first time or the minimum force which cannot reach the initial instantaneous effect corresponds to the yield strength, the upper yield strength and the lower yield strength respectively.
Table 1 table of the results of yield strength measurement
| Group of | Yield strength (MPa) |
| Example 1 | 305 |
| Example 2 | 311 |
| Example 3 | 302 |
| Example 4 | 304 |
| Example 5 | 310 |
| Example 6 | 300 |
| Example 7 | 299 |
| Comparative example 1 | 160 |
| Comparative example 2 | 165 |
From the above measurement results, it is understood that the yield strengths of the suspension members for automobiles obtained in examples 1 to 7 are significantly higher than those of the suspension members for automobiles obtained in comparative examples 1 and 2, and that the yield strengths are important indicators of the metal strengths, and it is seen that the suspension members for automobiles obtained in examples 1 to 7 are superior in strength.
Tensile strength measurements were made on the automobile suspension parts prepared in examples 1 to 7 of the present invention, and the results of the tensile strength measurements are shown in table 2 below, using the automobile suspension parts prepared in comparative examples 1 to 2 as controls. The tensile strength refers to a critical value of transition of metal from uniform plastic deformation to local concentrated plastic deformation, and is also the maximum bearing capacity of the metal under a static stretching condition. The tensile strength of the material is measured by adopting a universal material testing machine in the application.
TABLE 2 tensile Strength measurement results Table
| Group of | Tensile strength (MPa) |
| Example 1 | 419 |
| Example 2 | 408 |
| Example 3 | 421 |
| Example 4 | 402 |
| Example 5 | 410 |
| Example 6 | 411 |
| Example 7 | 405 |
| Comparative example 1 | 190 |
| Comparative example 2 | 178 |
From the above measurement results, it is understood that the tensile strengths of the suspension members for automobiles obtained in examples 1 to 7 are significantly higher than those of the suspension members for automobiles obtained in comparative examples 1 and 2, and that the tensile strength is an important index of the metal strength, and it is seen that the strength of the suspension members for automobiles obtained in examples 1 to 7 is better.
The automobile suspension parts prepared in examples 1 to 7 according to the present invention were subjected to weight measurement, and the results of the weight measurement are shown in table 3 below, using the automobile suspension parts prepared in comparative examples 1 to 2 as a control, and for comparison, the automobile suspension part obtained in example 1 was used as 100% by weight, and the remainder was relative to example 1.
TABLE 3 tensile Strength measurement results Table
From the above measurement results, it is understood that the self weights of the automobile suspension parts prepared in examples 1 to 7 are significantly lower than those of the automobile suspension parts obtained in comparative examples 1 and 2, and it is seen that the self weights of the automobile suspension parts prepared in examples 1 to 7 are lower.
Therefore, the manufacturing method of the automobile suspension component provided by the invention can improve the suspension strength and stability by configuring the material improvement of the aluminum alloy raw material, and can effectively reduce the self weight of the automobile, so that the energy consumption of the automobile is reduced, and the energy conservation and emission reduction in the using process of the automobile are realized.
It is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains. Unless specifically stated otherwise, the relative steps, numerical expressions, and values of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. In all examples shown and described herein, unless otherwise specified, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not restrictive, and thus other examples of example embodiments may have different values.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "first", "second" and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and all of the technical solutions are covered in the protective scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of manufacturing a suspension component for an automobile, comprising the steps of:
s1: preparing an aluminum alloy raw material, wherein the aluminum alloy raw material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.15 to 0.22 percent of Fe, 1.25 to 1.35 percent of Si, 0.82 to 0.88 percent of Mn, 0.15 to 0.2 percent of Cu, 0.85 to 0.95 percent of Mg, 0.17 to 0.25 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.06 percent of Ni, less than or equal to 0.6 percent of Zn, 0.05 to 0.1 percent of Ti, 0.03 to 0.05 percent of Zr, 0.18 to 0.26 percent of Sn, 0.12 to 0.29 percent of Li, 0.03 to 0.09 percent of Co, and the balance of Al;
s2: smelting an aluminum alloy raw material to prepare an aluminum alloy melt;
s3: casting an aluminum alloy melt to produce a preform;
s4: and (4) forging the prefabricated member to prepare a finished part.
2. The method for manufacturing a suspension member for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein step S2 includes:
s21: putting an aluminum ingot into a smelting furnace, and keeping the furnace temperature in the smelting furnace at 720-760 ℃;
s22: separating impurities in the aluminum liquid by using a slag removing agent, and removing the separated impurities;
s23: putting Fe, Si, Mn, Cu, Mg, Cr, Ni, Zn, Ti, Zr, Sn, Li and Co in aluminum alloy raw materials into aluminum liquid according to a preset proportion, and fully stirring to obtain an aluminum alloy melt;
s24: refining the aluminum alloy melt for 50min by adopting an argon powder spraying refining mode, and removing scum in the aluminum alloy melt after the refining is finished;
s25: and standing the refined aluminum alloy melt for 27 min.
3. The method for manufacturing a suspension member for an automobile according to claim 2, wherein step S22 includes:
s221: putting the slag removing agent into a smelting furnace when the furnace temperature is 740 ℃;
s222: stirring the aluminum liquid for 22-26 min;
s223: and removing scum on the surface of the aluminum liquid.
4. The method for manufacturing a suspension member for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein step S3 includes:
s31: reducing the temperature of the aluminum alloy melt to 70-90 ℃ of liquid phase temperature;
s32: pouring the cooled aluminum alloy melt into a cavity of a casting mold;
s33: applying pressure to the aluminum alloy melt poured into the cavity and keeping for 15-18 s;
s34: and cooling the aluminum alloy melt to form the preform.
5. The method for manufacturing a suspension member for an automobile according to claim 4, wherein step S33 includes:
s331: cooling the aluminum alloy melt poured into the cavity of the casting mold for 8-15 s along with the mold;
s332: and applying a pressure of 110 MPa-180 MPa to the aluminum alloy melt cooled along with the die.
6. The method for manufacturing a suspension member for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein step S4 includes:
s41: heating the preform;
s42: mounting the heated prefabricated part in a cavity of a forging die;
s43: and (5) striking the mould.
7. The method for manufacturing a suspension member for an automobile according to claim 6, wherein in step S41, the preform is heated to a temperature of 450 ℃ to 550 ℃;
in step S43, the beating frequency is 20 to 30 beats/S, and the feed amount of a single beating is 0.2 to 0.6 mm.
8. The method of manufacturing a suspension member for an automobile according to claim 1, further comprising:
s5: and treating the surface of the forged prefabricated part.
9. The method for manufacturing a suspension member for an automobile according to claim 1, further comprising, in step S5:
s51: cleaning the forged prefabricated part;
s52: carrying out micro-arc oxidation treatment on the cleaned prefabricated part;
s53: and (4) performing surface coating treatment on the micro-arc oxidation treated prefabricated part.
10. An automobile suspension component produced by the method for producing an automobile suspension component according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the automobile suspension component is a control arm or an automobile tie rod.
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