CN113501665A - Glass fiber drawing equipment and production process - Google Patents
Glass fiber drawing equipment and production process Download PDFInfo
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- CN113501665A CN113501665A CN202110929067.3A CN202110929067A CN113501665A CN 113501665 A CN113501665 A CN 113501665A CN 202110929067 A CN202110929067 A CN 202110929067A CN 113501665 A CN113501665 A CN 113501665A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/02—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor
- C03B37/022—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor from molten glass in which the resultant product consists of different sorts of glass or is characterised by shape, e.g. hollow fibres, undulated fibres, fibres presenting a rough surface
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
- C03C25/10—Coating
- C03C25/24—Coatings containing organic materials
- C03C25/26—Macromolecular compounds or prepolymers
- C03C25/28—Macromolecular compounds or prepolymers obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
- C03C25/66—Chemical treatment, e.g. leaching, acid or alkali treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G83/00—Macromolecular compounds not provided for in groups C08G2/00 - C08G81/00
- C08G83/001—Macromolecular compounds containing organic and inorganic sequences, e.g. organic polymers grafted onto silica
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Abstract
The invention discloses a glass fiber drawing device and a production process, and the glass fiber drawing device comprises a drawing device body, wherein the drawing device body comprises a device shell, a melting crucible and a melting cavity, and the melting crucible and the melting cavity are arranged in the device shell; the upper end of the melting crucible is provided with a feed inlet, the inner wall of the melting crucible is provided with a first heating device, the lower end of the melting crucible is provided with a valve, a melting cavity is arranged below the valve, the inner wall of the melting cavity is provided with a second heating device, the bottom of the melting cavity is provided with a bushing, the bottom of the bushing is provided with a discharge spout, a medicament tube containing a glass fiber reinforcing agent is arranged right below the discharge spout, and the lower part of the medicament tube is connected with a heating cavity. The product of the glass product after the melting crucible is completely melted can enter the melting cavity, and the unmelted product is intercepted by the filter screen, so that the uniformity of the glass melt is ensured, and the wire drawing quality is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of glass fiber production, in particular to glass fiber drawing equipment and a glass fiber drawing production process.
Background
The glass fiber is an inorganic non-metallic material with excellent performance, has various varieties, has the advantages of good insulativity, strong heat resistance, good corrosion resistance and high mechanical strength, but has the defects of brittleness and poor wear resistance. The novel hair-dyeing and-weaving process is characterized in that glass balls or waste glass is used as a raw material and is manufactured through processes of high-temperature melting, wire drawing, winding, weaving and the like, the diameter of each monofilament ranges from several micrometers to twenty micrometers, the diameter of each monofilament is equivalent to 1/20-1/5 of one hair, and each fiber strand consists of hundreds of monofilaments and even thousands of monofilaments. Glass fibers are commonly used as reinforcing materials in composite materials, electrical and thermal insulation materials, circuit substrates, and other various fields of the national economy.
The glass fiber drawing equipment is mainly used for manufacturing optical fibers, generally mainly comprises a heating electric furnace part, a preform feeding part, an optical fiber drawing part and the like, wherein the preform is heated to a molten state and then drawn into the optical fiber with the wire diameter meeting the requirements. However, in the wire drawing process, the raw materials are accumulated in the furnace chamber for a long time after being melted, the temperature distribution is not uniform, the leakage speed of the high-temperature part is high, the leakage speed of the low-temperature part is low, the produced glass fiber is broken frequently, and the product quality is seriously influenced. In addition, the theoretical strength of the glass fiber can reach 2000-12000MPa, but the actual strength value and the theoretical value have larger contrast, and the glass fiber strength is greatly reduced due to micro fracture of the glass fiber in the processing process in part.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide drawing equipment and a production process of glass fibers, which are used for solving the problems that the produced glass fibers are frequently broken due to uneven temperature distribution in the drawing process and the glass fibers are micro-broken in the processing process.
The purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides glass fiber drawing equipment, which comprises a drawing equipment body, wherein the drawing equipment body comprises an equipment shell, a melting crucible and a melting cavity, and the melting crucible and the melting cavity are arranged inside the equipment shell; the upper end of the melting crucible is provided with a feed inlet, the inner wall of the melting crucible is provided with a first heating device, the lower end of the melting crucible is provided with a valve, a melting cavity is arranged below the valve, the inner wall of the melting cavity is provided with a second heating device, the bottom of the melting cavity is provided with a bushing, the bottom of the bushing is provided with a discharge spout, a medicament tube containing a glass fiber reinforcing agent is arranged right below the discharge spout, and the lower part of the medicament tube is connected with a heating cavity.
Preferably, the first heating device and the second heating device are both electric heating devices.
Preferably, the melting crucible is further provided with a filter screen inside, and the filter screen is made of refractory material.
Preferably, the discharge spout is not directly connected with the medicament tube, and the distance between the discharge spout and the medicament tube is 0.3-0.6 m.
Preferably, the cavity housing of the heating cavity is made of a heat insulating material.
Preferably, the material of the bushing plate is an alloy material or a ceramic material.
Preferably, the glass fiber reinforcing agent is a mixture of modified polyvinyl alcohol and water, wherein the mass ratio of the modified polyvinyl alcohol to the water is 1: 8-10.
Preferably, the weight average molecular weight of the polyvinyl alcohol is 100-200 kDa, and the alcoholysis degree is 80-95%.
Preferably, the preparation method of the modified polyvinyl alcohol comprises the following steps:
m1, weighing nicotinic acid and rhenium silicide powder, adding the nicotinic acid and rhenium silicide powder into deionized water, uniformly dispersing, pouring into a reaction kettle, reacting for 3-8 hours at the temperature of 150-160 ℃, and then filtering, washing and drying to obtain nicotinic acid/rhenium silicide powder; wherein the mass ratio of the nicotinic acid to the rhenium silicide powder to the deionized water is 1: 3.6-4.8: 15-20;
m2, mixing polyvinyl alcohol with DMF, heating to 130-150 ℃, stirring until the polyvinyl alcohol is completely dissolved, adding nicotinic acid/rhenium silicide powder, adding a solid acid catalyst, stirring for reaction for 4-6 hours, and filtering, washing and drying to obtain modified polyvinyl alcohol; wherein the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol, the nicotinic acid/rhenium silicide powder, the solid acid catalyst and the DMF is 1: 0.6-0.8: 0.02-0.05: 10-20.
Preferably, the solid acid catalyst comprises one of a solid super acid, a solid heteropoly acid, and a strong acid cation exchange resin.
Preferably, the preparation process of the glass fiber reinforcing agent is as follows:
weighing modified polyvinyl alcohol, mixing with deionized water, heating to boil, continuously stirring uniformly, stopping heating, and continuously stirring to cool to room temperature to obtain the glass fiber reinforcing agent.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a process for producing glass fibers, comprising the steps of:
step 4, in the process of forming fibers by drawing glass melt, the glass melt passes through the medicament tube containing the glass fiber reinforcing agent, so that the surface of the fibers can be instantly adsorbed with the glass fiber reinforcing agent after the fibers are formed;
and 5, heating the interior of the heating cavity to 250-280 ℃, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 1-2 hours after the formed fiber adsorbed with the glass fiber reinforcing agent is conveyed to the interior of the heating cavity through a medicament pipe, and then naturally cooling to room temperature.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the melting crucible and the melting cavity which are communicated up and down are arranged, so that raw material glass slag or glass fragments can be drawn by the bushing plate below the melting cavity after the melting crucible is completely melted, and the arrangement of the two cavities has the advantages that firstly, the problem that the glass fiber drawing quality is reduced because the raw materials are clamped at the bushing plate when the raw materials are not completely melted can be avoided, secondly, the interior of the melting cavity can be independently and uniformly preheated, the phenomenon of uneven temperature caused by the fact that part of the raw materials are not melted when only one cavity of the melting crucible is used is avoided, and the product of the glass product after the melting crucible is completely melted can enter the melting cavity, and the unmelted product is intercepted by the filter screen, so that the uniformity of the glass melt is ensured, and the drawing quality is improved.
According to the invention, the chemical tube filled with the glass fiber reinforcing agent is arranged below the bushing, wherein the glass fiber reinforcing agent is a viscous material and inevitably passes through the chemical tube after the fiber is subjected to wire drawing forming through the bushing tip, so that the surface of the glass fiber can be coated with the glass fiber reinforcing agent, the reinforcing agent can perform a cooling effect on the glass fiber which is just subjected to wire drawing forming on one hand, and the effective components contained in the chemical tube can reduce the surface micro fracture of the glass fiber in the forming wire drawing cooling process on the other hand, thereby ensuring the strength of the glass fiber after forming.
The glass fiber reinforcing agent used in the invention is improved on the basis of polyvinyl alcohol serving as a base material. Polyvinyl alcohol is a water-soluble high molecular polymer, has better mechanical property, and has high strength, high modulus and low elongation; good corrosion resistance and no toxicity and harm to human body and environment. However, the thermal conductivity of polyvinyl alcohol is poor, which is not good for cooling glass fiber, and because of the large amount of hydroxyl in polyvinyl alcohol molecule, it is easy to agglomerate and is distributed unevenly after mixing with water. According to the invention, the nicotinic acid/rhenium silicide powder and the polyvinyl alcohol are used for reaction modification, so that the modified polyvinyl alcohol is more uniform in performance after being mixed with water, and the thermal conductivity is obviously improved.
In the preparation process of the modified polyvinyl alcohol, the nicotinic acid/rhenium silicide powder is obtained by modifying the rhenium silicide powder by using nicotinic acid, the nicotinic acid has stronger temperature resistance, is combined with the rhenium silicide powder and then adsorbed on the surface of the rhenium silicide powder, and then reacts with the polyvinyl alcohol, and carboxyl groups in the nicotinic acid/rhenium silicide powder can be subjected to condensation reaction with hydroxyl groups in the polyvinyl alcohol, so that the modified polyvinyl alcohol is formed.
In the production process of the glass fiber, the glass fiber coated with the glass fiber reinforcing agent is subjected to high-temperature treatment at 250-280 ℃, the purpose is two, firstly, the glass fiber has a transition temperature in the cooling process, the phenomenon that the glass fiber is easy to break due to too much sudden cooling after high-temperature forming is avoided, and secondly, the heat treatment temperature is selected at 250-280 ℃, because the modified polyvinyl alcohol coated on the surface of the glass fiber can be partially decomposed into volatile products such as acetic acid, acetaldehyde, butenol, water and the like at the high temperature of 250-280 ℃, and partly into undecomposed polymer, and also undecomposed rhenium silicide powder, in the high-temperature treatment process, the combination of the rhenium silicide powder and the undecomposed polymer can coat the surface of the glass fiber, so that the heating uniformity of the surface of the glass fiber is enhanced, and the fracture caused by stress concentration is avoided. Meanwhile, the detection shows that the dielectric constant of the glass fiber treated by the method is lower than that of the glass fiber on the market, so that the production process can effectively reduce the loss of the dielectric layer.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by means of the attached drawings, but the embodiments in the drawings do not constitute any limitation to the invention, and for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained on the basis of the following drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a drawing apparatus for drawing glass fibers according to the present invention.
Reference numerals: the device comprises a device body 1, a device shell 2, a melting crucible 3, a melting cavity 4, a feeding hole 5, a first heating device 6, a valve 7, a second heating device 8, a leakage plate 9, a medicament tube 10, a heating cavity 11, a filter screen 12 and a discharge spout 13.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
The glass fiber drawing equipment comprises a drawing equipment body 1, wherein the drawing equipment body 1 comprises an equipment shell 2, a melting crucible 3 and a melting cavity 4, and the melting crucible 3 and the melting cavity 4 are arranged inside the equipment shell 2; wherein, the upper end of the melting crucible 3 is provided with a feed inlet 5, the inner wall of the melting crucible 3 is provided with a first heating device 6, the lower end of the melting crucible 3 is provided with a valve 7, a melting cavity 4 is arranged below the valve 7, a second heating device 8 is arranged on the inner wall of the melting cavity 4, a bushing 9 is arranged at the bottom of the melting cavity 4, a discharge spout 13 is arranged at the bottom end of the bushing 9, a medicament tube 10 filled with a glass fiber reinforcing agent is arranged right below the discharge spout 13, the discharge spout 13 is not directly connected with the medicament tube 10, the distance between the discharge spout 13 and the medicament tube 10 is 0.3-0.6 m, a heating cavity 11 is connected below the medicament tube 10, the shell of the heating cavity 11 is made of a heat insulating material, the first heating device 6 and the second heating device 8 are both electric heating devices, a filter screen 12 is further arranged inside the melting crucible 3, the filter screen 12 is made of a refractory material, and the bushing 9 is made of an alloy material or a ceramic material.
The glass fiber reinforcing agent is prepared by mixing modified polyvinyl alcohol and water according to the mass ratio of 1:9, and the preparation method of the modified polyvinyl alcohol comprises the following steps:
m1, weighing nicotinic acid and rhenium silicide powder, adding the nicotinic acid and rhenium silicide powder into deionized water, uniformly dispersing, pouring into a reaction kettle, reacting for 3-8 hours at the temperature of 150-160 ℃, and then filtering, washing and drying to obtain nicotinic acid/rhenium silicide powder; wherein the mass ratio of the nicotinic acid to the rhenium silicide powder to the deionized water is 1:4.2: 18;
m2, mixing polyvinyl alcohol with the weight-average molecular weight of 100-200 kDa and the alcoholysis degree of 80-95% with DMF, heating to 130-150 ℃, stirring until the polyvinyl alcohol is completely dissolved, adding nicotinic acid/rhenium silicide powder, adding solid superacid, stirring for reacting for 4-6 hours, filtering, washing and drying to obtain modified polyvinyl alcohol; wherein the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol, the nicotinic acid/rhenium silicide powder, the solid superacid and the DMF is 1:0.7:0.04: 15.
The preparation process of the glass fiber reinforcing agent comprises the following steps:
weighing modified polyvinyl alcohol, mixing with deionized water, heating to boil, continuously stirring uniformly, stopping heating, and continuously stirring to cool to room temperature to obtain the glass fiber reinforcing agent.
The process for producing the glass fiber by using the glass fiber drawing equipment comprises the following steps:
step 4, in the process of forming fibers by drawing glass melt, the glass melt passes through the medicament tube 10 containing the glass fiber reinforcing agent, so that the surface of the fibers can be instantly adsorbed with the glass fiber reinforcing agent after the fibers are formed;
and 5, heating the interior of the heating cavity 11 to 250-280 ℃, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 1-2 h after the formed fiber adsorbed with the glass fiber reinforcing agent is conveyed to the interior of the heating cavity 11 through the medicament pipe 10, and then naturally cooling to room temperature.
Example 2
The glass fiber drawing equipment comprises a drawing equipment body 1, wherein the drawing equipment body 1 comprises an equipment shell 2, a melting crucible 3 and a melting cavity 4, and the melting crucible 3 and the melting cavity 4 are arranged inside the equipment shell 2; wherein, the upper end of the melting crucible 3 is provided with a feed inlet 5, the inner wall of the melting crucible 3 is provided with a first heating device 6, the lower end of the melting crucible 3 is provided with a valve 7, a melting cavity 4 is arranged below the valve 7, a second heating device 8 is arranged on the inner wall of the melting cavity 4, a bushing 9 is arranged at the bottom of the melting cavity 4, a discharge spout 13 is arranged at the bottom end of the bushing 9, a medicament tube 10 filled with a glass fiber reinforcing agent is arranged right below the discharge spout 13, the discharge spout 13 is not directly connected with the medicament tube 10, the distance between the discharge spout 13 and the medicament tube 10 is 0.3-0.6 m, a heating cavity 11 is connected below the medicament tube 10, the shell of the heating cavity 11 is made of a heat insulating material, the first heating device 6 and the second heating device 8 are both electric heating devices, a filter screen 12 is further arranged inside the melting crucible 3, the filter screen 12 is made of a refractory material, and the bushing 9 is made of an alloy material or a ceramic material.
The glass fiber reinforcing agent is prepared by mixing modified polyvinyl alcohol and water according to the mass ratio of 1:8, and the preparation method of the modified polyvinyl alcohol comprises the following steps:
m1, weighing nicotinic acid and rhenium silicide powder, adding the nicotinic acid and rhenium silicide powder into deionized water, uniformly dispersing, pouring into a reaction kettle, reacting for 3-8 hours at the temperature of 150-160 ℃, and then filtering, washing and drying to obtain nicotinic acid/rhenium silicide powder; wherein the mass ratio of the nicotinic acid to the rhenium silicide powder to the deionized water is 1:3.6: 15;
m2, mixing polyvinyl alcohol with the weight-average molecular weight of 100-200 kDa and the alcoholysis degree of 80-95% with DMF, heating to 130-150 ℃, stirring until the polyvinyl alcohol is completely dissolved, adding nicotinic acid/rhenium silicide powder, adding solid heteropoly acid, stirring for reacting for 4-6 hours, and filtering, washing and drying to obtain modified polyvinyl alcohol; wherein the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol, the nicotinic acid/rhenium silicide powder, the solid heteropolyacid and the DMF is 1:0.6:0.02: 10.
The preparation process of the glass fiber reinforcing agent comprises the following steps:
weighing modified polyvinyl alcohol, mixing with deionized water, heating to boil, continuously stirring uniformly, stopping heating, and continuously stirring to cool to room temperature to obtain the glass fiber reinforcing agent.
The process for producing the glass fiber by using the glass fiber drawing equipment comprises the following steps:
step 4, in the process of forming fibers by drawing glass melt, the glass melt passes through the medicament tube 10 containing the glass fiber reinforcing agent, so that the surface of the fibers can be instantly adsorbed with the glass fiber reinforcing agent after the fibers are formed;
and 5, heating the interior of the heating cavity 11 to 250-280 ℃, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 1-2 h after the formed fiber adsorbed with the glass fiber reinforcing agent is conveyed to the interior of the heating cavity 11 through the medicament pipe 10, and then naturally cooling to room temperature.
Example 3
The glass fiber drawing equipment comprises a drawing equipment body 1, wherein the drawing equipment body 1 comprises an equipment shell 2, a melting crucible 3 and a melting cavity 4, and the melting crucible 3 and the melting cavity 4 are arranged inside the equipment shell 2; wherein, the upper end of the melting crucible 3 is provided with a feed inlet 5, the inner wall of the melting crucible 3 is provided with a first heating device 6, the lower end of the melting crucible 3 is provided with a valve 7, a melting cavity 4 is arranged below the valve 7, a second heating device 8 is arranged on the inner wall of the melting cavity 4, a bushing 9 is arranged at the bottom of the melting cavity 4, a discharge spout 13 is arranged at the bottom end of the bushing 9, a medicament tube 10 filled with a glass fiber reinforcing agent is arranged right below the discharge spout 13, the discharge spout 13 is not directly connected with the medicament tube 10, the distance between the discharge spout 13 and the medicament tube 10 is 0.3-0.6 m, a heating cavity 11 is connected below the medicament tube 10, the shell of the heating cavity 11 is made of a heat insulating material, the first heating device 6 and the second heating device 8 are both electric heating devices, a filter screen 12 is further arranged inside the melting crucible 3, the filter screen 12 is made of a refractory material, and the bushing 9 is made of an alloy material or a ceramic material.
The glass fiber reinforcing agent is obtained by mixing modified polyvinyl alcohol and water according to the mass ratio of 1:10, and the preparation method of the modified polyvinyl alcohol comprises the following steps:
m1, weighing nicotinic acid and rhenium silicide powder, adding the nicotinic acid and rhenium silicide powder into deionized water, uniformly dispersing, pouring into a reaction kettle, reacting for 3-8 hours at the temperature of 150-160 ℃, and then filtering, washing and drying to obtain nicotinic acid/rhenium silicide powder; wherein the mass ratio of the nicotinic acid to the rhenium silicide powder to the deionized water is 1:4.8: 20;
m2, mixing polyvinyl alcohol with the weight-average molecular weight of 100-200 kDa and the alcoholysis degree of 80-95% with DMF, heating to 130-150 ℃, stirring until the polyvinyl alcohol is completely dissolved, adding nicotinic acid/rhenium silicide powder, adding strong-acid cation exchange resin, stirring for reacting for 4-6 hours, filtering, washing and drying to obtain modified polyvinyl alcohol; wherein the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol, the nicotinic acid/rhenium silicide powder, the strong acid cation exchange resin and the DMF is 1:0.8:0.05: 20.
The preparation process of the glass fiber reinforcing agent comprises the following steps:
weighing modified polyvinyl alcohol, mixing with deionized water, heating to boil, continuously stirring uniformly, stopping heating, and continuously stirring to cool to room temperature to obtain the glass fiber reinforcing agent.
The process for producing the glass fiber by using the glass fiber drawing equipment comprises the following steps:
step 4, in the process of forming fibers by drawing glass melt, the glass melt passes through the medicament tube 10 containing the glass fiber reinforcing agent, so that the surface of the fibers can be instantly adsorbed with the glass fiber reinforcing agent after the fibers are formed;
and 5, heating the interior of the heating cavity 11 to 250-280 ℃, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 1-2 h after the formed fiber adsorbed with the glass fiber reinforcing agent is conveyed to the interior of the heating cavity 11 through the medicament pipe 10, and then naturally cooling to room temperature.
Comparative example
A glass fiber reinforcing agent is prepared by mixing polyvinyl alcohol and water according to a mass ratio of 1:0.7: 9. Wherein, the weight average molecular weight of the polyvinyl alcohol is 100 kDa-200 kDa, and the alcoholysis degree is 80-95%.
The preparation process of the glass fiber reinforcing agent comprises the following steps:
weighing polyvinyl alcohol, mixing with deionized water, heating to boil, continuously stirring uniformly, stopping heating, and continuously stirring to cool to room temperature to obtain the glass fiber reinforcing agent.
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention, the glass fiber reinforcing agents prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative example are treated by the drawing equipment of the invention, and the treatment process comprises the following steps:
step 4, in the process of forming fibers by drawing glass melt, the glass melt passes through the medicament tube 10 containing the glass fiber reinforcing agent, so that the surface of the fibers can be instantly adsorbed with the glass fiber reinforcing agent after the fibers are formed;
and 5, heating the interior of the heating cavity to 250-280 ℃, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 1-2 hours after the formed fiber adsorbed with the glass fiber reinforcing agent is conveyed to the interior of the heating cavity through a medicament pipe, and then naturally cooling to room temperature.
After the completion of the treatment, the glass fibers having a monofilament diameter of 15 μm after the treatment were examined, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 Properties of glass fibers treated with different glass fiber reinforcements
| Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Comparative example | |
| Tensile Strength (MPa) | 3574 | 3418 | 3683 | 3024 |
| Tensile modulus (GPa) | 89.2 | 88.5 | 91.7 | 81.8 |
| Density (g/cm)3) | 2.58 | 2.52 | 2.61 | 2.47 |
| Dielectric constant (F/m) | 3.76 | 3.85 | 3.81 | 4.21 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the glass fibers treated by the glass fiber reinforcing agents prepared in the embodiments 1 to 3 of the present invention have stronger tensile strength and tensile modulus, and are higher in density, which indicates that the glass fibers treated by the embodiments 1 to 3 of the present invention are more compact. The dielectric constant of the conventional glass fiber is in the range of 4.2-4.5F/m, while the dielectric constant of the glass fiber is effectively reduced in the embodiments 1-3 of the present invention, which is presumed to be an additional effect of the niacin/rhenium silicide powder in the modified polyvinyl alcohol after the surface treatment of the glass fiber.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The glass fiber drawing equipment is characterized by comprising a drawing equipment body, wherein the drawing equipment body comprises an equipment shell, a melting crucible and a melting cavity, and the melting crucible and the melting cavity are arranged inside the equipment shell; the upper end of the melting crucible is provided with a feed inlet, the inner wall of the melting crucible is provided with a first heating device, the lower end of the melting crucible is provided with a valve, a melting cavity is arranged below the valve, the inner wall of the melting cavity is provided with a second heating device, the bottom of the melting cavity is provided with a bushing, the bottom of the bushing is provided with a discharge spout, a medicament tube containing a glass fiber reinforcing agent is arranged right below the discharge spout, and the lower part of the medicament tube is connected with a heating cavity.
2. The apparatus for drawing glass fibers as defined in claim 1, wherein the first heating means and the second heating means are both electric heating means.
3. The glass fiber drawing apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein a screen is further provided inside the melting crucible, and the screen is made of a refractory material.
4. The glass fiber drawing apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein the bushing is made of an alloy material or a ceramic material.
5. The glass fiber drawing equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the glass fiber reinforcing agent is a mixture of modified polyvinyl alcohol and water, and the mass ratio of the modified polyvinyl alcohol to the water is 1: 8-10.
6. The glass fiber drawing apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein the polyvinyl alcohol has a weight average molecular weight of 100kDa to 200kDa and an alcoholysis degree of 80 to 95%.
7. The glass fiber drawing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the modified polyvinyl alcohol is prepared by the following steps:
m1, weighing nicotinic acid and rhenium silicide powder, adding the nicotinic acid and rhenium silicide powder into deionized water, uniformly dispersing, pouring into a reaction kettle, reacting for 3-8 hours at the temperature of 150-160 ℃, and then filtering, washing and drying to obtain nicotinic acid/rhenium silicide powder; wherein the mass ratio of the nicotinic acid to the rhenium silicide powder to the deionized water is 1: 3.6-4.8: 15-20;
m2, mixing polyvinyl alcohol with DMF, heating to 130-150 ℃, stirring until the polyvinyl alcohol is completely dissolved, adding nicotinic acid/rhenium silicide powder, adding a solid acid catalyst, stirring for reaction for 4-6 hours, and filtering, washing and drying to obtain modified polyvinyl alcohol; wherein the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol, the nicotinic acid/rhenium silicide powder, the solid acid catalyst and the DMF is 1: 0.6-0.8: 0.02-0.05: 10-20.
8. A drawing apparatus for glass fibres as claimed in claim 7 in which the solid acid catalyst comprises one of a solid super acid, a solid heteropolyacid, a strongly acidic cation exchange resin.
9. The glass fiber drawing apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein the glass fiber reinforcing agent is prepared by:
weighing modified polyvinyl alcohol, mixing with deionized water, heating to boil, continuously stirring uniformly, stopping heating, and continuously stirring to cool to room temperature to obtain the glass fiber reinforcing agent.
10. A glass fiber drawing production process, characterized in that the glass fiber drawing production process uses the glass fiber drawing equipment of any one of claims 1 to 9, and comprises the following steps:
step 1, adding glass slag or glass fragments into the melting crucible through the feeding hole, and heating the interior of the melting crucible by starting the first heating device to melt the glass slag or the glass fragments into a liquid state;
step 2, after the glass slag or the glass fragments are completely melted to form glass melt, starting the second heating device to preheat the interior of the melting cavity to the temperature required by melting the glass slag or the glass fragments, and then opening the valve to enable the glass melt to flow to the melting cavity through the valve;
step 3, after the glass melt flows to the melting cavity, forming fibers by drawing through the discharge spouts at the bottom of the bushing plate;
step 4, in the process of forming fibers by drawing glass melt, the glass melt passes through the medicament tube containing the glass fiber reinforcing agent, so that the surface of the fibers can be instantly adsorbed with the glass fiber reinforcing agent after the fibers are formed;
and 5, heating the interior of the heating cavity to 250-280 ℃, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 1-2 hours after the formed fiber adsorbed with the glass fiber reinforcing agent is conveyed to the interior of the heating cavity through a medicament pipe, and then naturally cooling to room temperature.
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| CN202110929067.3A CN113501665A (en) | 2021-08-13 | 2021-08-13 | Glass fiber drawing equipment and production process |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110929067.3A CN113501665A (en) | 2021-08-13 | 2021-08-13 | Glass fiber drawing equipment and production process |
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| CN113501665A true CN113501665A (en) | 2021-10-15 |
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