CN113500830A - Battery box and composite material for battery box - Google Patents

Battery box and composite material for battery box Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113500830A
CN113500830A CN202110781723.XA CN202110781723A CN113500830A CN 113500830 A CN113500830 A CN 113500830A CN 202110781723 A CN202110781723 A CN 202110781723A CN 113500830 A CN113500830 A CN 113500830A
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China
Prior art keywords
resin layer
layer
heat
resistant resin
temperature
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Granted
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CN202110781723.XA
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Chinese (zh)
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CN113500830B (en
Inventor
黄锦腾
肖炜
杨冰
石国柱
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Guangdong Huitian Aerospace Technology Co Ltd
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Guangdong Huitian Aerospace Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202110781723.XA priority Critical patent/CN113500830B/en
Publication of CN113500830A publication Critical patent/CN113500830A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2021/135729 priority patent/WO2023279649A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B32B15/098—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising condensation resins of aldehydes, e.g. with phenols, ureas or melamines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/065—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
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    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/28—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
    • B32B27/281—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42 comprising polyimides
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    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/38—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising epoxy resins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/42—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising condensation resins of aldehydes, e.g. with phenols, ureas or melamines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/658—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H01M50/227—Organic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H01M50/231—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks having a layered structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/10—Coating on the layer surface on synthetic resin layer or on natural or synthetic rubber layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/718—Weight, e.g. weight per square meter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2439/00—Containers; Receptacles
    • B32B2439/40—Closed containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
    • B32B2457/10—Batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The present application relates to a battery case and a composite material for the battery case. The composite material for the battery box sequentially comprises from inside to outside: an inner heat insulation layer, a heat-resistant resin layer and a support resin layer; wherein the heat-resistant resin layer has a heat resistance not lower than that of the support resin layer; and the mechanical property of the support resin layer is not lower than that of the heat-resistant resin layer. This combined material passes through the layer and mutually supports between the layer, realizes jointly that whole material has excellent high temperature resistance ability and mechanical properties concurrently, can deal with comparatively harsh high temperature environment, and the battery box is difficult for taking place to collapse and warp, avoids causing dangerous condition such as flame overflow, and it is controllable to also realize battery package ambient temperature in certain time simultaneously, avoids bringing adverse effect to equipment on every side.

Description

Battery box and composite material for battery box
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of new energy automobiles, in particular to a battery box and a composite material for the battery box.
Background
In recent years, with the attention of various social circles on the environmental protection problem, new energy automobiles are rapidly developed and increasingly commonly applied to people, so that the environmental pollution is reduced while people go out conveniently. But also comes with some new problems, of which more prominent is the battery safety problem. Both lithium iron phosphate and ternary lithium batteries have thermal runaway phenomena in the use process, and various reasons for thermal runaway exist, such as the problems of battery cores, battery pack management, thermal management and the like, and a plurality of uncontrollable occurrence factors exist. It is a matter of great concern to those skilled in the art how to delay the ignition and explosion of the lithium ion battery and reserve enough time for the user to leave the safe area when thermal runaway and thermal diffusion occur in the lithium ion battery.
A battery pack (battery pack) is a source of power for new energy vehicles, and occupies an extremely important position. The power battery pack comprises a storage battery pack, a storage battery pack management module, a battery box and corresponding accessories, and has the functions of obtaining electric energy from the outside and outputting the electric energy to the outside. In a power battery pack, a battery box serving as a carrier of a storage battery pack plays an irreplaceable important role in the safety and protection of the storage battery pack.
In order to cope with the thermal runaway condition of the battery, the existing battery box mainly adopts a metal box body (comprising an aluminum box body and a steel box body), but the existing battery box has a large weight cost, and is not beneficial to the light weight design of the whole vehicle. The conventional battery box also adopts the traditional fireproof and heat insulation technologies, such as a mica sheet and the like, but the conventional battery box can only realize heat management at a lower temperature (within 700 ℃), is difficult to resist a more severe high-temperature environment, causes flame overflow, and influences the normal operation of surrounding equipment due to overhigh temperature of the surrounding environment of a battery pack.
Disclosure of Invention
To solve or partially solve the problems in the related art, the present application provides a composite material for a battery case.
The application firstly provides a combined material for battery box, and it includes from inside to outside in proper order: an inner heat insulation layer, a heat-resistant resin layer and a support resin layer; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the heat resistance of the heat-resistant resin layer is not lower than that of the support resin layer;
and the mechanical property of the support resin layer is not lower than that of the heat-resistant resin layer.
Further, the inner heat insulation layer is a nano aerogel layer or an organic silicon ablation-resistant coating.
Further, the heat-resistant resin layer is a high-temperature-resistant resin layer or a fiber-reinforced high-temperature-resistant resin layer; the supporting resin layer is a fiber-reinforced high-temperature-resistant resin layer.
Furthermore, the composite material is used as a top cover of the battery box, the heat-resistant resin layer is a high-temperature-resistant resin layer, and the supporting resin layer is a fiber-reinforced high-temperature-resistant resin layer; and/or the composite material is used as a box body of the battery box, the heat-resistant resin layer of the composite material is a first fiber-reinforced high-temperature-resistant resin layer, and the supporting resin layer is a second fiber-reinforced high-temperature-resistant resin layer.
Further, the high-temperature resistant resin is phenolic resin, epoxy resin, bismaleimide resin, cyanate ester or polyimide resin; and/or the fiber in the fiber-reinforced high-temperature-resistant resin is one or more of carbon fiber, glass fiber and basalt fiber, and the resin is epoxy resin, bismaleimide resin, cyanate ester or polyimide resin.
Further, the support device also comprises an outer heat insulation layer arranged outside the support layer.
Further, still include: and a honeycomb core layer disposed between the heat-resistant resin layer and the support resin layer.
The present application further provides a battery box, which includes: the top cover, the box body and the bottom plate; the top cover and the box body are made of the composite material.
Furthermore, the box body and the bottom plate are of an integrated structure, and the top cover is detachably connected with the box body; or the box body and the top cover are of an integrated structure, and the box body is detachably connected with the bottom plate; the gap between the two parts that are releasably connected is coated with a silicone flame retardant sealant.
The battery box further comprises a connecting lug, wherein the head end of the connecting lug extends into the battery box, and the tail end of the connecting lug is connected with the box body; the connection lug piece sequentially comprises from inside to outside: metal core layer and ceramic thermal-protective coating.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the application.
In the composite material for the battery box, the inner heat insulation layer firstly reduces the heat radiation rate and reduces the heat transferred to the heat-resistant resin layer within a period of thermal runaway, so that the tolerance temperature and the weight of the heat-resistant resin layer are reduced, and the ambient temperature of the battery box can be controlled; the heat-resistant resin layer absorbs a part of heat energy to further reduce the heat transferred to the supporting resin layer, so that the requirement on the temperature resistance of the supporting resin layer is reduced while the heat resistance of the whole battery box is ensured, and the material cost and the weight are reduced; after the heat is attenuated layer by layer through the inner heat insulation layer and the heat-resistant resin layer, the heat conducted to the supporting resin layer is lower, the supporting resin layer maintains the structural integrity of the battery box by utilizing the excellent mechanical property of the supporting resin layer, the collapse deformation does not occur, and the fire overflow caused by the cracking of the battery box is avoided. Therefore, the composite material provided by the invention has the advantages that the layers are mutually matched, the integral material has excellent high-temperature resistance and mechanical property, the harsh high-temperature environment can be met, the battery box is not easy to collapse and deform, the dangerous conditions of flame overflow and the like are avoided, the surrounding temperature of the battery pack can be controlled within a certain time, and the adverse effect on surrounding equipment is avoided.
Drawings
The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the application will be apparent from the following more particular descriptions of exemplary embodiments of the application, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein like reference numbers generally represent like parts throughout the exemplary embodiments of the application.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a composite material of a battery box provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a composite material of a battery case according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic perspective structure diagram of a box body in a battery box provided by an embodiment of the application.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the temperature measurement points of the flame spray test conducted in examples 1 to 9 of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the temperature measurement points of the flame spray test conducted in examples 9 to 14 of the present application.
Description of the reference numerals
1-inner insulating layer
2-Heat-resistant resin layer
3-supporting resin layer
4-Honeycomb core Material layer
5-case body
6-connection boss
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While embodiments of the present application are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present application may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It should be understood that although the terms "first," "second," "third," etc. may be used herein to describe various information, these information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information, without departing from the scope of the present application. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise. In the fire resistance rating of the present application, short-term means resistance for 10min or more, long-term means resistance for 24h or more, and permanent means more than 30 days.
In view of the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a composite material for a battery box, please refer to fig. 1, which sequentially includes, from inside to outside: an inner heat insulation layer 1, a heat-resistant resin layer 2 and a support resin layer 3; wherein the heat-resistant property of the heat-resistant resin layer 2 is not lower than that of the support resin layer 3; the mechanical property of the support resin layer 3 is not lower than that of the heat-resistant resin layer 2. The coordination between the layers of the composite material realizes higher heat-resistant temperature, the ambient temperature of the battery pack is controllable within a certain time after the battery pack is out of control, the structure of the battery box is kept complete, and meanwhile, the battery box also has lighter weight. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
the inner heat insulating layer 1 reduces heat energy transferred to the heat-resistant resin layer 2 by its heat insulating property, thereby reducing the requirement for the heat-resistant temperature of the heat-resistant resin layer 2, and further saving the cost of raw materials and facilitating weight control. In addition, the inner heat insulation layer 1 is also used for adjusting the rate of heat radiation, the temperature around the battery pack can be controlled within a certain time after thermal runaway can be adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the inner heat insulation layer 1, and the condition that surrounding components are invalid or burnt indirectly is avoided.
The heat-resistant resin layer 2, which is located between the inner insulating layer 1 and the support resin layer 3, has relatively excellent high-temperature resistance. The heat-resistant resin layer 2 can absorb a part of the heat energy, thereby reducing the amount of heat transferred to the support resin layer 3, and further reducing the requirement for the heat-resistant performance of the support resin layer 3. Generally, common materials are difficult to have extremely excellent heat resistance and mechanical property, and the requirement on the heat resistance of the supporting resin layer 3 can be reduced by arranging the heat-resistant resin layer 2, so that the supporting resin layer 3 can be made of materials with relatively low heat resistance and relatively high mechanical property, and the material cost and the weight are reduced while the heat resistance of the whole battery box is ensured.
The support resin layer 3 is located the outside, and it is used for promoting the mechanical properties of battery box, mainly plays the effect of maintaining structural integrity under the thermal runaway condition. Through the effect of interior heat insulating layer 1 and heat-resistant resin layer 2, the heat that transmits to support resin layer 3 reduces gradually, and it has certain heat-resisting function to and excellent mechanical properties, can maintain the structural integrity of battery box in a period after the thermal runaway, the deformation of collapsing does not appear, avoids because of the flame excessive that the battery box fracture leads to.
The preferred embodiment of each layer in the composite material is as follows:
the inner heat insulation layer 1 is preferably a nano aerogel layer or an organosilicon ablation-resistant coating. The nano aerogel layer is an inorganic porous heat insulation material with extremely low heat conductivity coefficient, has good chemical stability and mechanical property, and can reduce the thickness and weight by 3 to 8 times on the premise of achieving the same heat insulation effect compared with the traditional heat insulation materials (such as glass fiber mats, aluminum silicate cotton and the like). The organosilicon ablation-resistant material can generate a large amount of silicon dioxide in a high-temperature oxygen-rich environment, and the silicon dioxide has high melting point and good chemical stability. The inner heat insulation layer 1 is preferably a nano aerogel layer with the thermal conductivity of 0.005W/mK-0.05W/mK or an organic silicon ablation-resistant coating with the thermal conductivity of 0.02W/mK-0.3W/mK. The inventor of the application finds out through research that: although the lower the thermal conductivity, the slower the thermal conductivity, the lower the composite strength with the resin material or the adhesive film, and the above range can ensure better bonding effect of the nano aerogel layer or the bonded interface with the organosilicon ablation-resistant coating, while maintaining the lower thermal conductivity. More preferably, the inner heat insulation layer 1 is a nano aerogel layer with the thermal conductivity of 0.01W/mK-0.03W/mK or an organic silicon ablation-resistant coating with the thermal conductivity of 0.07W/mK-0.12W/mK.
If the nano aerogel layer is adopted as the inner heat insulation layer 1, the nano aerogel layer is preferably compounded with the heat-resistant resin layer 2 through the first heat-resistant binder, so that a gap between the nano aerogel layer and the heat-resistant resin layer 2 is avoided, and the heat insulation effect is not influenced. The first heat-resistant adhesive is preferably a heat-resistant silicone adhesive or a modified heat-resistant epoxy adhesive. The thickness of the adhesive film formed by the first heat-resistant adhesive is preferably 0.02-0.1 mm.
If the organosilicon ablation-resistant coating is adopted as the inner heat insulation layer 1, the thickness of the organosilicon ablation-resistant coating is preferably 2-7 mm. The silicone ablation-resistant coating is preferably compounded to the heat-resistant resin layer 2 as follows:
step a), preparing a rough surface layer on the surface of the heat-resistant resin layer 2;
and b), spraying an organic silicon ablation-resistant material on the surface of the rough composite layer by using a spray gun to form an organic silicon ablation-resistant coating.
The step a) may specifically be as follows: and (3) paving strippable cloth on the surface of the heat-resistant resin part to be sprayed with the ablative coating, and uncovering the strippable cloth after forming to form a rough surface layer.
In order to improve the uniformity of the thickness of the organosilicon ablation-resistant coating, the step b) can be specifically as follows: and coating the organosilicon ablation-resistant material on the surface of the rough composite layer for multiple times, wherein the thickness of each coating is 0.02-0.1 mm until the organosilicon ablation-resistant coating reaches the preset thickness.
The heat-resistant resin layer 2 preferably has a short-term heat-resistant temperature of more than 300 ℃ and a long-term heat-resistant temperature of more than 260 ℃. The heat-resistant resin layer 2 may be made of a high-temperature-resistant resin or a fiber-reinforced high-temperature-resistant resin. The high-temperature resistant resin has relatively high heat resistance, and is suitable for the heat-resistant resin layer 2 of the composite material of the battery box top cover (in the case of thermal runaway, the heat is concentrated on the top cover part of the battery box due to the rising action of hot air). The fiber-reinforced high-temperature-resistant resin has relatively good mechanical properties and is suitable for being used as a composite material of a battery box body.
The scheme of using the high-temperature resistant resin for the heat-resistant resin layer 2 is as follows: the high-temperature resistant resin is preferably phenolic resin, epoxy resin, bismaleimide resin, cyanate ester or polyimide resin. More preferably, a phenolic resin is used. The phenolic resin has higher carbon residue rate at the temperature of about 1000 ℃, forms a compact layer, prevents flame from overflowing, has certain heat insulation effect, and can play a second layer of safety function after the inner heat insulation layer 1 and other local accidental failures due to the fireproof effect of the phenolic resin at the temperature of 1100 ℃ for 15 min.
The scheme of adopting the fiber reinforced high-temperature resistant resin for the heat-resistant resin layer 2 is as follows: the fiber in the fiber reinforced high temperature resistant resin can be one or more of carbon fiber, glass fiber and basalt fiber. Carbon fibers, such as T300 or T700, are preferably used, and have better specific strength and specific modulus, better economical efficiency and better interface performance with the resin matrix. The resin may be an epoxy resin, a bismaleimide resin, a cyanate ester or a polyimide resin. Preferably, epoxy resin or bismaleimide resin is adopted, so that the paint has better toughness, economy and workability. The epoxy resin has low cost and good processing performance. The maleimide resin has excellent mechanical property, good toughness, elongation of about 2 percent, tensile modulus of 40GPa, high strength and long-term use temperature of more than 260 ℃.
The long-term heat-resistant temperature of the support resin layer 3 is preferably more than 200 ℃. The supporting resin layer 3 preferably adopts fiber-reinforced high-temperature-resistant resin, and the fiber-reinforced high-temperature-resistant resin has relatively excellent mechanical properties, relatively high strength, toughness and impact resistance, and is favorable for maintaining the structural integrity of the battery box under the thermal runaway condition, and simultaneously avoids the cracking of the heat-resistant resin layer 2. The fiber in the fiber reinforced high temperature resistant resin can be one or more of carbon fiber, glass fiber and basalt fiber, and carbon fiber, such as T300 or T700, is preferably adopted. The resin may be an epoxy resin, a bismaleimide resin, a cyanate ester or a polyimide resin, and preferably an epoxy resin or a bismaleimide resin. More preferably, the fiber-reinforced high-temperature-resistant resin is a carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy resin or a carbon fiber-reinforced bismaleimide resin. In order to improve the bonding strength between the heat-resistant resin layer 2 and the support resin layer 3, the above-described heat-resistant resin layer 2 and the support resin layer 3 are preferably compounded by a second heat-resistant adhesive. The second heat-resistant adhesive is preferably a modified epoxy adhesive. The thickness of the adhesive film formed by the modified epoxy resin adhesive is preferably 0.2 mm.
The heat-resistant resin layer 2 and the support resin layer 3 can both adopt fiber-reinforced high-temperature-resistant resin, namely a first fiber-reinforced high-temperature-resistant resin layer and a second fiber-reinforced high-temperature-resistant resin layer, and the structure is preferably used as a composite material of a battery box body with higher requirements on mechanical properties. That is, the composite material is preferably used as a case of a battery case, in which the heat-resistant resin layer 2 is a first fiber-reinforced high-temperature-resistant resin layer, and the support resin layer 3 is a second fiber-reinforced high-temperature-resistant resin layer. Preferably, the heat resistance of the first fiber-reinforced high-temperature-resistant resin layer is better than that of the second fiber-reinforced high-temperature-resistant resin layer, and the mechanical property of the second fiber-reinforced high-temperature-resistant resin layer is better than that of the first fiber-reinforced high-temperature-resistant resin layer. Specifically, the first fiber-reinforced high-temperature-resistant resin layer is made of carbon fiber-reinforced bismaleimide resin, and the second fiber-reinforced high-temperature-resistant resin layer is made of carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy resin.
The heat-resistant resin layer 2 and the support resin layer 3 may be made of a high-temperature-resistant resin layer and a fiber-reinforced high-temperature-resistant resin, respectively, and such a structure is preferably used as a composite material for a battery case body having a high heat-resistant requirement. That is, the composite material is preferably used as a top cover of a battery case, and the heat-resistant resin layer 2 is a heat-resistant resin layer, and the support resin layer 3 is a fiber-reinforced heat-resistant resin layer.
Referring to fig. 2, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the composite material further preferably includes: a honeycomb core layer 4 disposed between the heat-resistant resin layer 2 and the support resin layer 3. The arrangement of the honeycomb core material layer 4 can separate the heat-resistant resin layer 2 from the support resin layer 3, the air in the middle forms a secondary heat insulation layer, a better heat insulation effect is achieved, and the honeycomb core material is light in weight due to the hollow structure, and light weight is facilitated. The honeycomb core material layer 4 may be a metal honeycomb core material layer or a non-metal honeycomb core material layer. The non-metal honeycomb core material layer can adopt aramid fiber honeycomb. The honeycomb core material layer 4 is preferably a metal honeycomb core material layer, in particular an aluminum honeycomb or foamed aluminum. The metal honeycomb core material layer has good mechanical property, so that after the structural layer close to the inner side of the battery is burnt under extreme conditions, the metal honeycomb core material layer can still ensure that the battery box has certain mechanical property and rigidity by matching with the supporting resin layer 3.
For the composite material provided with the honeycomb core layer 4, the heat-resistant resin layer 2, the honeycomb core layer 4, and the support resin layer 3 are preferably compounded by heat pressing. The molding pressure of the hot press compounding is preferably 0.2 MPa-0.4 MPa, and the molding pressure is favorable for the proper adhesive force between the heat-resistant resin layer 2 and the honeycomb core material layer 4 and between the honeycomb core material layer 4 and the support resin layer 3, and simultaneously ensures that the honeycomb core material layer 4 is not deformed in the hot press molding process, and the resin in the heat-resistant resin layer 2 and the support resin layer 3 in the hot press molding process has proper fluidity. The molding temperature is preferably 160-180 ℃, and the curing time is 8-12 h.
As a composite material of the battery box body, it is preferably provided with the above-described honeycomb core material layer 4, which preferably includes, in order from the inside to the outside:
the nano aerogel layer/organic silicon ablation-resistant coating, the first fiber-reinforced high-temperature-resistant resin layer, the aluminum honeycomb layer/foamed aluminum layer and the second fiber-reinforced high-temperature-resistant resin layer.
The composite material can achieve the following technical effects:
the mechanical property meets the bearing of a 150kg battery, and meanwhile, the battery is not damaged under the pressure of 10 KPa; temperature environment: 1000 ℃, 10min, 800 ℃, 30 min; within 24h, the peak value of the temperature of the externally radiated air does not exceed 200 ℃.
Preferably, the thickness of the aerogel of the nano aerogel layer is 0.5mm to 3mm, the thickness of the organosilicon ablation-resistant coating is 2mm to 4mm, the thickness of the first fiber-reinforced high-temperature-resistant resin layer is 0.5mm to 2mm, the thickness of the second fiber-reinforced high-temperature-resistant resin layer is 0.8mm to 3mm, and the thickness of the honeycomb core material layer 4 is 3mm to 20mm, preferably 6mm to 10 mm. The structural design has the advantages that the construction process is simple, the bonding strength is high after the multilayer composite, the heat insulation layer is prevented from cracking to form gaps under corresponding working conditions, hot air enters the gaps to lose the heat insulation effect, and meanwhile, the structure is compact and the weight is light.
Further preferably, the composite material of the battery box body preferably sequentially comprises from inside to outside:
the nano aerogel layer/the organic silicon ablation-resistant coating, the carbon fiber reinforced bismaleimide resin layer, the aluminum honeycomb/the foamed aluminum and the carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin.
As a composite material for the top cover of the battery box, the honeycomb core layer 4 may not be provided for a use scene with a small space requirement; however, in a use situation where a high pressure is applied and a high rigidity is required, it is preferable to provide the honeycomb core layer 4. The combined material of battery box top cap includes from inside to outside in proper order:
a nano aerogel layer/an organic silicon ablation-resistant coating, a phenolic resin layer and a fiber-reinforced high-temperature-resistant resin layer; or the like, or, alternatively,
the nano aerogel layer/organic silicon ablation-resistant coating, the phenolic resin layer, the honeycomb core material layer and the fiber-reinforced high-temperature-resistant resin layer.
In the composite structure, the nano aerogel layer/organic silicon ablation-resistant coating can realize that the inner cavity of the battery box can resist 1500 ℃ for 10min and 1000 ℃ for 30min, heat energy reaches within 300 ℃ after passing through the inner heat insulation layer, the phenolic resin layer is carbonized at high temperature, a compact layer can be effectively formed, a certain heat insulation effect is achieved, meanwhile, due to the fireproof effect of the nano aerogel layer/organic silicon ablation-resistant coating at 1100 ℃ for 15min, after the nano aerogel layer or the organic silicon ablation-resistant coating is locally and unexpectedly failed, a second layer of safety effect can be achieved, the fiber reinforced high-temperature-resistant resin layer can have good mechanical property at 300 ℃ after heat insulation, the rigidity of the integral upper cover is guaranteed, large deformation is avoided, and the phenolic resin layer is protected from cracking.
The composite material can achieve the following technical effects:
the mechanical property of the material meets the requirement of no damage under the pressure of 10 KPa; temperature environment: 1500 ℃ for 10min, 1000 ℃ for 30min, no flame appeared outside.
Preferably, the thickness of the nano aerogel layer is 2 mm-5 mm, the thickness of the organic silicon ablation-resistant coating is 3 mm-7 mm, the thickness of the phenolic resin layer is 0.2 mm-2 mm, the thickness of the fiber-reinforced high-temperature-resistant resin layer is 0.8 mm-3 mm, and the thickness of the honeycomb core material is 0.2 mm-2 mm.
Further preferably, the composite material of the battery box top cover preferably sequentially comprises from inside to outside:
a nano aerogel layer/an organosilicon ablation-resistant coating, a phenolic resin layer, a carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin layer/a carbon fiber reinforced bismaleimide resin layer; or the like, or, alternatively,
the coating comprises a nano aerogel layer/an organic silicon ablation-resistant coating, a phenolic resin layer, aluminum honeycomb/foamed aluminum, a carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin layer/a carbon fiber reinforced bismaleimide resin layer.
In addition, the above composite material preferably further comprises: and the outer heat insulation layer is arranged outside the supporting layer. The outer heat insulating layer can further reduce the heat energy radiated from the battery box to the outside, thereby further reducing the temperature around the battery box. The preferable scheme of the outer heat insulation layer may be the same as that of the inner heat insulation layer 1, and is not described herein.
As can be seen from the above, in the composite material for a battery box provided by the present invention, during a period of thermal runaway, the inner insulating layer first reduces the thermal radiation rate, and reduces the amount of heat transferred to the heat-resistant resin layer, thereby reducing the withstand temperature and weight of the heat-resistant resin layer, and at the same time, achieving controllable ambient temperature of the battery box; the heat-resistant resin layer absorbs a part of heat energy to further reduce the heat transferred to the supporting resin layer, so that the requirement on the temperature resistance of the supporting resin layer is reduced while the heat resistance of the whole battery box is ensured, and the material cost and the weight are reduced; after the heat is attenuated layer by layer through the inner heat insulation layer and the heat-resistant resin layer, the heat conducted to the supporting resin layer is lower, the supporting resin layer maintains the structural integrity of the battery box by utilizing the excellent mechanical property of the supporting resin layer, the collapse deformation does not occur, and the fire overflow caused by the cracking of the battery box is avoided. Therefore, the composite material provided by the invention has the advantages that the layers are mutually matched, the integral material has excellent high-temperature resistance and mechanical property, the harsh high-temperature environment can be met, the battery box is not easy to collapse and deform, the dangerous conditions of flame overflow and the like are avoided, the surrounding temperature of the battery pack can be controlled within a certain time, and the adverse effect on surrounding equipment is avoided.
Another embodiment of the present invention also provides a battery box, including: the top cover, the box body and the bottom plate; the top cover and the box body are made of the composite material. The top cap is the position that the battery box is heated most and concentrates, and the box is the mechanics support subject of battery box, and top cap and box adopt above-mentioned combined material can make this battery box have excellent high temperature resistance ability and mechanical properties concurrently to deal with comparatively harsh high temperature environment, and the battery box is difficult for taking place to collapse the deformation, avoids causing dangerous condition such as flame excessive, can also realize that battery package ambient temperature is controllable in the certain time simultaneously, avoids bringing adverse effect to equipment on every side.
The preferred embodiment of the composite material of the cap is the same as above, and will not be described in detail here. The preferred embodiment of the composite material of the box is the same as above, and is not described in detail here. The base plate may also be made of the above-mentioned composite material, but since the base plate is relatively low-heated and is usually provided with a water-cooled plate, and at the same time, in combination with the light weight, the base plate is preferably made of a fiber-reinforced high-temperature-resistant resin, such as a carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy resin.
For convenient dismouting and the later maintenance of battery, the preferred components of a whole that can function independently structure of above-mentioned battery box, it is specific: the box body and the bottom plate are of an integral structure, and the top cover is detachably connected with the box body; or the box body and the top cover are of an integrated structure, and the box body is detachably connected with the bottom plate; the gap between the two parts that are releasably connected is coated with a silicone flame retardant sealant. The function of coating the organic silicon flame-retardant sealant is as follows: the device has the function of blocking oxygen inflow when the battery is in thermal runaway, thereby realizing sealing and heat resistance.
Preferably, a box body and a bottom plate are integrated, and a top cover is detachably connected with the box body, referring to fig. 3, a connecting boss 6 is preferably additionally arranged at the top of the box body 5, a screw hole is formed in the connecting boss 6, and the top cover is screwed on the top of the connecting boss; and an organic silicon flame-retardant sealant is coated in a gap between the box body and the top cover.
The battery box also preferably comprises a connecting lug, the head end of the connecting lug extends into the battery box, and the tail end of the connecting lug is connected with the box body; the connection lug piece sequentially comprises from inside to outside: metal core layer and ceramic thermal-protective coating. The connection lug is used for connecting the internal battery pack fixing frame and has good mechanical property and heat insulation effect.
The battery box provided by the invention is further explained by combining the specific embodiment.
The battery boxes of the following embodiments all adopt the following structures: the box body and the bottom plate are of an integral structure, and the top cover is detachably connected with the box body; and an organic silicon flame-retardant sealant is coated in a gap between the box body and the top cover. The bottom plates are made of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin.
The nano aerogel and the silicone ablation-resistant material in the following examples were purchased from the china aerospace science and technology group.
Examples 1 to 8
The composition of the cap is listed in table 1; the composition of the tank is given in Table 2.
TABLE 1 compositions of caps in examples 1-8
Figure BDA0003155456240000111
Figure BDA0003155456240000121
TABLE 2 composition of the tank in examples 1-8
Figure BDA0003155456240000122
Examples 9 to 14
The composition of the cap is listed in table 3; the composition of the tank is given in Table 4.
TABLE 3 compositions of caps in examples 9-14
Figure BDA0003155456240000123
Figure BDA0003155456240000131
TABLE 4 composition of the tank in examples 9-14
Figure BDA0003155456240000132
Figure BDA0003155456240000141
Flame spray testing of the cell cases prepared in examples 1-14
The cap test conditions were as follows:
the test conditions are as follows: 1500 ℃, the flame diameter is 30mm, the spraying time is 10min, and the schematic diagram of the temperature measuring point is shown in figure 4;
and (2) testing conditions II: the flame diameter is 30mm at 1000 ℃, the spraying time is 30min, and the temperature measuring point is the same as the first test condition;
the temperature acquisition method adopts a thermal imager to acquire the temperature of the back plate.
The test results were as follows:
a) temperature acquisition results
Figure BDA0003155456240000142
Figure BDA0003155456240000151
b) Residual strength test results:
Figure BDA0003155456240000152
Figure BDA0003155456240000161
from the above results, it can be seen that the caps prepared in the examples of the present application have a high strength retention (70%) under both test conditions.
The box test conditions were as follows:
the test conditions are as follows: the flame diameter is 30mm at 1000 ℃, the spraying time is 10min, and the schematic diagram of the temperature measuring point is shown in figure 5;
and (2) testing conditions II: the flame diameter is 30mm at 800 ℃, the spraying time is 30min, and the temperature measuring point is the same as the first test condition;
the temperature acquisition method is characterized in that a temperature sensor is embedded in a support resin layer.
The box test results were as follows:
a) temperature acquisition results
Figure BDA0003155456240000162
Figure BDA0003155456240000171
According to the results in the table, the temperature is within the long-term use temperature range of the fiber reinforced resin, and the mechanical property of the box body can be ensured under the thermal runaway condition.
From the above, the battery box structure provided by the invention has excellent heat resistance and mechanical properties, and can meet the temperature requirement (top cover: 1500 ℃ at most, 10min +1000 ℃ at most, 30 min; box body: 1000 ℃ at most, 10min +800 ℃ at most, 30min) of GB 30381 published in 2020 during thermal runaway.
Having described embodiments of the present application, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen in order to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or improvements made to the technology in the marketplace, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. A composite material for a battery box, characterized in that it comprises in order from the inside to the outside: an inner heat insulation layer, a heat-resistant resin layer and a support resin layer; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the heat resistance of the heat-resistant resin layer is not lower than that of the support resin layer;
and the mechanical property of the support resin layer is not lower than that of the heat-resistant resin layer.
2. The composite of claim 1, wherein the inner insulative layer is a nano-aerogel layer or a silicone ablation-resistant coating.
3. The composite material of claim 1, wherein the heat-resistant resin layer is a high-temperature-resistant resin layer or a fiber-reinforced high-temperature-resistant resin layer; the supporting resin layer is a fiber-reinforced high-temperature-resistant resin layer.
4. The composite material of claim 3, wherein the composite material is used as a top cover of a battery box, the heat-resistant resin layer is a high-temperature-resistant resin layer, and the support resin layer is a fiber-reinforced high-temperature-resistant resin layer; and/or the composite material is used as a box body of the battery box, the heat-resistant resin layer of the composite material is a first fiber-reinforced high-temperature-resistant resin layer, and the supporting resin layer is a second fiber-reinforced high-temperature-resistant resin layer.
5. The composite material of claim 3, wherein the high temperature resistant resin is a phenolic resin, an epoxy resin, a bismaleimide resin, a cyanate ester, or a polyimide resin; and/or the fiber in the fiber-reinforced high-temperature-resistant resin is one or more of carbon fiber, glass fiber and basalt fiber, and the resin is epoxy resin, bismaleimide resin, cyanate ester or polyimide resin.
6. The composite of claim 1, further comprising an outer thermal insulation layer disposed outside the support layer.
7. The composite material of any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising: and a honeycomb core layer disposed between the heat-resistant resin layer and the support resin layer.
8. A battery box, comprising: the top cover, the box body and the bottom plate; the top cover and the box body are made of the composite material of any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The battery box of claim 8, wherein the box body and the bottom plate are of an integral structure, and the top cover is detachably connected with the box body; or the box body and the top cover are of an integrated structure, and the box body is detachably connected with the bottom plate; the gap between the two parts that are releasably connected is coated with a silicone flame retardant sealant.
10. The battery box of claim 8, further comprising a connecting lug, wherein the head end of the connecting lug extends into the battery box, and the tail end of the connecting lug is connected with the box body; the connection lug piece sequentially comprises from inside to outside: metal core layer and ceramic thermal-protective coating.
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Denomination of invention: Battery boxes and composite materials used for battery boxes

Effective date of registration: 20231101

Granted publication date: 20221220

Pledgee: CITIC Bank Co.,Ltd. Guangzhou Branch

Pledgor: Guangdong Huitian Aerospace Technology Co.,Ltd.

Registration number: Y2023980063773