CN113500463B - Profile fitting method and system for special-shaped closed deep-cavity radome - Google Patents
Profile fitting method and system for special-shaped closed deep-cavity radome Download PDFInfo
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- CN113500463B CN113500463B CN202110674034.9A CN202110674034A CN113500463B CN 113500463 B CN113500463 B CN 113500463B CN 202110674034 A CN202110674034 A CN 202110674034A CN 113500463 B CN113500463 B CN 113500463B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
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- Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method and a system for fitting a profile of a special-shaped closed deep-cavity radome, wherein a special measuring adapter rod is designed based on a three-axis gantry machine tool and a 1.5-meter lengthened grinding device for an inner cavity, a dial indicator is clamped for manual sampling point measurement, the rapid measurement of key measuring points of a specified section along the bus direction is realized, and the method and the system are suitable for rough machining alignment; based on three-axis gantry machine tool and the 1.5-meter inner cavity lengthened grinding device, a special measuring switching rod is designed, the clamping spherical side head carries out automatic point acquisition measurement, dense measurement along the circumferential direction of a specified section is realized, and the device is suitable for error measurement after semi-finish machining and size measurement after finish machining. The profile deviation is measured on line at the same station, the inner profile is subjected to error compensation grinding with the profile deviation, and the outer profile is subjected to error compensation grinding with the thickness deviation, so that the thickness dimension processing precision of the special-shaped closed deep cavity radome is greatly improved. The invention solves the production problem of low processing precision of the special-shaped closed deep-cavity radome.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method and a system for fitting a profile of a special-shaped closed deep-cavity radome, and belongs to the field of composite material machining.
Background
The new generation of aircrafts in China develop towards strong penetration, quick maneuver and quick response, and the special-shaped structures represented by large-size waverider structures are increasingly applied to the structural design of gliding aircrafts. The antenna housing is an important functional structural member for protecting the antenna from working normally in a severe environment, is a complete head section, and plays important roles of high-temperature wave transmission, heat prevention, heat insulation and the like. The special-shaped closed deep cavity structure antenna housing generally adopts a quartz fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite material, and the defects of edge breakage, cracks and the like are easy to occur in processing due to the high brittleness, high hardness and high wear resistance of the ceramic material. The special-shaped radome is a complex curved surface thin-wall structural member, the depth of an inner cavity of the special-shaped radome is large, closed and narrow, the length-diameter ratio of the special-shaped radome is generally more than 2:1, and the special-shaped radome does not have an accurate positioning reference surface and a reliable clamping molded surface, which all affect the processing precision of products, and the main processing difficulties are as follows:
the lengthened grinding device, the tool clamping, the reference surface transmission, the cutter and the measuring links can all affect the processing progress of the product in the processing process, and each single-factor error source has certain fluctuation along with different processing working conditions. Therefore, the molded surface and the thickness dimension in the machining process need to be measured and controlled on line, and the machining precision is ensured to meet the design requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the method and the system for fitting the profile of the special-shaped closed deep-cavity radome are provided, so that the problem of low machining precision in the prior art is solved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for fitting a profile of a special-shaped closed deep-cavity radome comprises the steps of fitting the profile during rough machining of a product and fitting the profile during fine machining of the product;
the profile fitting during rough machining of the product comprises the following steps:
after clamping and positioning an antenna housing product, replacing a grinding wheel for grinding with a second in-situ measurement adapter rod at the front end of a grinding device;
secondly, clamping a dial indicator at the front end of the second in-situ measurement adapter rod, calibrating the axle center of a ball head X, Y of the dial indicator, filling the top point of the ball head of the Z axle as a zero point into a workpiece coordinate system, and enabling the ball head reference of the dial indicator to coincide with the workpiece reference;
a gap is reserved between the tip of the dial indicator and the inner molded surface of the measured special-shaped closed deep-cavity radome, the tip of the dial indicator is moved along the generatrix direction of the inner molded surface, and the tip of the dial indicator is fixed along the X, Y axis direction after the tip of the dial indicator is moved to an X, Y coordinate point required to be detected;
moving the tip of the dial indicator only along the Z-axis direction to enable the tip of the dial indicator to be in contact with the inner profile, controlling the contact gap to be zero through the dial indicator, recording the coordinate value of X, Y, Z at the point, drawing the projection point of the contact point on the three-dimensional digital model, and measuring the distance between the projection point and the contact point to serve as the profile processing deviation value at the point;
fifthly, determining whether the product clamping position is correct or not according to the molded surface processing deviation value of each point on the bus;
step six, performing rough machining;
the profile fitting during the product finish machining comprises the following steps:
after clamping and positioning an antenna housing product, replacing a grinding wheel for grinding with a first in-situ measurement adapter rod at the front end of a grinding device;
the front end of the first in-place measurement switching rod clamps a spherical measuring head module, and the spherical measuring head module comprises a connecting rod, a measuring head, an extension rod, a gravity measuring head and a spherical measuring needle;
step three, calibrating the center of an axis X, Y of a spherical measuring probe ball head, filling a workpiece coordinate system with the vertex of the Z-axis ball head as a zero point, and enabling the spherical measuring probe reference to coincide with the workpiece reference;
performing point location measurement on the semi-finished curved surface to be detected, comparing the measured point location measurement with a theoretical profile to calculate to obtain a deviation value of each monitoring point, and storing the measured coordinate data of the profile point and the deviation value on an industrial personal computer according to a corresponding path sequence; the molding point coordinate data is X, Y, Z three-axis coordinate values of the point location;
step five, carrying out dead pixel filtration on the type value point coordinate data according to reasonable confidence deviation, and removing type value points which can cause distortion of a fitting curve;
step six, carrying out densification treatment and three-order curve fitting of a local area on the filtered point set according to the direction of a bus and the annular direction, and describing a curved surface of an area needing to be processed through a curve;
step seven, finish machining is carried out, when the tool nose point runs to a coordinate point position on the curve, the deviation value of the tool nose point is compensated, and the machining precision of the inner cavity profile is improved;
after finish machining, point location measurement is carried out on the finish-machined inner cavity curved surface, a deviation value of each monitoring point is obtained through comparison and calculation with a theoretical profile, and measured type value point coordinate data and the deviation values are stored on an industrial personal computer according to a corresponding path sequence;
projecting an inner cavity profile detection point to an outer profile to obtain inner and outer point location coordinates corresponding to the thickness dimension of the point, and associating the inner profile deviation value with the outer profile coordinate point;
and (ten) performing finish machining on the shape, and compensating the deviation value of the shape value point when the tool nose point moves to the coordinate point position on the curve, so that the machining precision of the thickness dimension is improved.
Further, the first measurement adapter rod in place comprises: the connecting rod, the connecting sleeve, the first fastening screw and the second fastening screw are arranged on the connecting rod;
connecting rod and adapter sleeve are awl cylindric structure, and in the grinding device front end stretched into the connecting rod, with the cooperation of the connecting rod internal conical surface, and the grinding device front end passed through screw and connecting rod fixed connection, the external conical surface of connecting rod and the adapter sleeve internal conical surface cooperation, through first fastening screw fixed connection, switching cover front end passes through second fastening screw fixed connection with spherical gauge head module.
Furthermore, the coaxiality of the front end of the grinding device, the connecting rod and the connecting sleeve is realized by adjusting the first fastening screw.
Further, the first fastening screw is two M10 screws, and the second fastening screw is an M4 screw.
Further, the second in-place measurement adapter rod comprises: a connecting rod and a jacket; the connecting rod is connected with the front end of the lengthened grinding device, high-precision positioning pin holes are formed in the end face and the side face of the connecting rod, the clamping sleeve is connected with the connecting rod through the pin holes after clamping the dial indicator, the relative angle between the dial indicator measuring pin and the connecting rod is adjusted by replacing the position of the clamping sleeve, the inner profile measurement is carried out when the relative angle is 90 degrees, and the outer profile measurement is carried out when the relative angle is 0 degree.
Further, the step five is to determine whether the product clamping position is correct by using the profile processing deviation value of each point on the bus, and specifically comprises the following steps: the difference value is within the range of +/-1 mm, the front margin and the rear margin of the product are considered to be uniform, and the product profile can be enveloped.
Further, the reasonable confidence deviation specifically includes: deviation of profile tolerance of the profile surface from the finished profile surface is +/-0.05 mm.
Further, the grinding device adopts an extended grinding device with the length of 1.5 meters.
Further, the invention also provides a profile fitting system for the special-shaped closed deep cavity radome, which comprises the following components: the device comprises a product rough machining profile fitting module and a product finish machining profile fitting module;
the rough machining profile fitting module for the product performs profile fitting during rough machining of the product, and comprises the following steps:
step one, after an antenna housing product is clamped and positioned, replacing a grinding wheel for grinding with a second in-situ measurement adapter rod at the front end of a grinding device;
secondly, clamping a dial indicator at the front end of the second in-situ measurement adapter rod, calibrating the axle center of a ball head X, Y of the dial indicator, filling the top point of the ball head of the Z axle as a zero point into a workpiece coordinate system, and enabling the ball head reference of the dial indicator to coincide with the workpiece reference;
reserving a gap between the tip of the dial indicator and the inner molded surface of the measured special-shaped closed deep-cavity radome, moving the tip of the dial indicator along the generatrix direction of the inner molded surface, and fixing the tip of the dial indicator along the X, Y axis direction after moving to an X, Y coordinate point required to be detected;
moving the tip of the dial indicator only along the Z-axis direction to enable the tip of the dial indicator to be in contact with the inner molded surface, controlling the contact gap to be zero through the dial indicator, recording X, Y, Z coordinate values of the point, drawing a projection point of the contact point on a three-dimensional digital analog, and measuring the distance between the projection point and the contact point to serve as the molded surface processing deviation value;
fifthly, determining whether the product clamping position is correct or not according to the molded surface processing deviation value of each point on the bus;
step six, performing rough machining;
the product finish machining profile fitting module performs profile fitting during product finish machining, and comprises the following steps:
after clamping and positioning an antenna housing product, replacing a grinding wheel for grinding with a first in-situ measurement adapter rod at the front end of a grinding device;
clamping a spherical measuring head module at the front end of the first in-place measuring switching rod, wherein the spherical measuring head module comprises a connecting rod, a measuring head, an extension rod, a gravity measuring head and a spherical measuring needle;
step three, calibrating the center of an axis X, Y of a spherical measuring probe ball head, filling a workpiece coordinate system with the vertex of the Z-axis ball head as a zero point, and enabling the spherical measuring probe reference to coincide with the workpiece reference;
performing point location measurement on the semi-finished curved surface to be detected, comparing the point location measurement with a theoretical profile to calculate to obtain a deviation value of each monitoring point, and storing the measured coordinate data of the profile point and the deviation value on an industrial personal computer according to a corresponding path sequence; the molding point coordinate data is X, Y, Z three-axis coordinate values of the point location;
step five, carrying out dead pixel filtration on the type value point coordinate data according to reasonable confidence deviation, and removing type value points which can cause distortion of a fitting curve;
step six, carrying out densification treatment and three-order curve fitting of a local area on the filtered point set according to the direction and the annular direction of a bus, and describing a curved surface of the area needing to be processed through a curve;
step seven, finish machining is carried out, when the tool nose point runs to a coordinate point position on the curve, the deviation value of the tool nose point is compensated, and the machining precision of the inner cavity profile is improved;
after finish machining, point location measurement is carried out on the finish-machined inner cavity curved surface, a deviation value of each monitoring point is obtained through comparison and calculation with a theoretical profile, and measured type value point coordinate data and the deviation values are stored on an industrial personal computer according to a corresponding path sequence;
projecting an inner cavity profile detection point to an outer profile to obtain inner and outer point location coordinates corresponding to the thickness dimension of the point, and associating the inner profile deviation value with the outer profile coordinate point;
and (ten) performing finish machining on the shape, and compensating the deviation value of the shape value point when the tool nose point moves to the coordinate point position on the curve, so that the machining precision of the thickness dimension is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the invention, the detection of the inner cavity and the appearance of the special-shaped closed deep cavity structure antenna housing at the same station is realized through the in-situ measuring device, the efficient profile fitting method and the error compensation polishing method for the special-shaped closed deep cavity antenna housing. The molded surface deviation is measured on line at the same station, the inner molded surface is subjected to error compensation grinding with the molded surface deviation, and the outer molded surface is subjected to error compensation grinding with the thickness deviation, so that the thickness dimension processing precision of the special-shaped closed deep cavity antenna housing is greatly improved.
(2) The measuring adapter rod can realize the horizontal and vertical clamping and positioning conversion of the dial indicator, and the inner profile and the outer profile can be simultaneously detected after the clamping is carried out once.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an in-plane detection path.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a rough machining measurement;
fig. 3 shows a schematic view of the measuring adapter rod during the finishing process.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and specific examples:
the invention provides a profile fitting method for a special-shaped closed deep-cavity radome, which comprises the following steps of profile fitting during rough processing of a product and profile fitting during fine processing of the product;
the profile fitting during rough machining of the product comprises the following steps:
after clamping and positioning an antenna housing product, replacing a grinding wheel for grinding with a second in-situ measurement adapter rod at the front end of a grinding device;
as shown in fig. 2, further, the second in-place measuring adapter rod includes: a connecting rod and a jacket; the connecting rod links to each other with extension grinding device front end, and connecting rod terminal surface and side have high accuracy location pinhole, presss from both sides to press from both sides and links to each other with the connecting rod through the pinhole behind the tight percentage table of cover clamp, through changing the relative angle between pressing from both sides the cover position adjustment percentage table survey needle and the connecting rod, carries out interior profile measurement when relative angle is 90, carries out exterior profile measurement when relative angle is 0.
Secondly, clamping a dial indicator at the front end of the second in-situ measurement adapter rod, calibrating the axle center of a ball head X, Y of the dial indicator, filling the top point of the ball head of the Z axle as a zero point into a workpiece coordinate system, and enabling the ball head reference of the dial indicator to coincide with the workpiece reference;
a gap is reserved between the tip of the dial indicator and the inner molded surface of the measured special-shaped closed deep-cavity radome, the tip of the dial indicator is moved along the generatrix direction of the inner molded surface, and the tip of the dial indicator is fixed along the X, Y axis direction after the tip of the dial indicator is moved to an X, Y coordinate point required to be detected;
moving the tip of the dial indicator only along the Z-axis direction to enable the tip of the dial indicator to be in contact with the inner profile, controlling the contact gap to be zero through the dial indicator, recording the coordinate value of X, Y, Z at the point, drawing the projection point of the contact point on the three-dimensional digital model, and measuring the distance between the projection point and the contact point to serve as the profile processing deviation value at the point;
step five, determining whether the product clamping position is correct or not according to the molded surface processing deviation values of all points on the bus; the method specifically comprises the following steps: the difference value is within the range of +/-1 mm, the front and rear margins of the product are uniform, and the molded surface of the product can be enveloped.
Step six, performing rough machining;
the profile fitting during the product finish machining comprises the following steps:
after clamping and positioning an antenna housing product, replacing a grinding wheel for grinding with a first in-situ measurement adapter rod at the front end of a grinding device;
as shown in fig. 3, further, the first in-place measurement adapter rod includes: the connecting rod, the connecting sleeve, the first fastening screw and the second fastening screw;
connecting rod and adapter sleeve are awl cylindric structure, and in the grinding device front end stretched into the connecting rod, with the cooperation of the connecting rod internal conical surface, and the grinding device front end passed through screw and connecting rod fixed connection, the external conical surface of connecting rod and the adapter sleeve internal conical surface cooperation, through first fastening screw fixed connection, switching cover front end passes through second fastening screw fixed connection with spherical gauge head module.
Specifically, the front end of the grinding device is matched with an inner conical surface of the connecting rod, so that the axial concentricity and the repeated positioning precision are ensured, and the grinding device is fixed by utilizing threads, so that the grinding device is not easy to loosen in the detection process; the outer conical surface of the connecting rod is matched with the inner conical surface of the connecting sleeve, the axial concentricity and the repeated positioning precision are guaranteed, and the M10 fastening screw is used for fixing, so that the looseness is not easily caused in the detection process; the front end of the adapter sleeve is connected with the spherical measuring head module through an M4 set screw.
Furthermore, the coaxiality of the front end of the grinding device, the connecting rod and the connecting sleeve is realized by adjusting the first fastening screw.
Furthermore, the first fastening screws are two M10 screws, and the second fastening screws are M4 screws.
The front end of the first in-place measurement switching rod clamps a spherical measuring head module, and the spherical measuring head module comprises a connecting rod, a measuring head, an extension rod, a gravity measuring head and a spherical measuring needle;
step three, calibrating the center of an axis X, Y of a spherical measuring probe ball head, filling a workpiece coordinate system with the vertex of the Z-axis ball head as a zero point, and enabling the spherical measuring probe reference to coincide with the workpiece reference;
performing point location measurement on the semi-finished curved surface to be detected, comparing the point location measurement with a theoretical profile to calculate to obtain a deviation value of each monitoring point, and storing the measured coordinate data of the profile point and the deviation value on an industrial personal computer according to a corresponding path sequence; the typical value point coordinate data is X, Y, Z three-axis coordinate values of the point location;
step five, carrying out dead pixel filtration on the type value point coordinate data according to reasonable confidence deviation, and removing type value points which can cause distortion of a fitting curve;
the reasonable confidence deviation specifically comprises: deviation of profile tolerance of the profile surface from the finished profile surface is +/-0.05 mm.
Step six, carrying out densification treatment and three-order curve fitting of a local area on the filtered point set according to the direction of a bus and the annular direction, and describing a curved surface of an area needing to be processed through a curve; as shown in fig. 1, fig. 1(a) is measured by a generatrix and fig. 1(b) is measured by a sectional hoop.
Step seven, finish machining is carried out, when the tool nose point moves to a coordinate point position on the curve, the deviation value of the tool nose point is compensated, and the machining precision of the inner cavity molded surface is improved;
after finish machining, point location measurement is carried out on the finish-machined inner cavity curved surface, a deviation value of each monitoring point is obtained through comparison and calculation with a theoretical profile, and measured type value point coordinate data and the deviation values are stored on an industrial personal computer according to a corresponding path sequence;
projecting an inner cavity profile detection point to an outer profile to obtain inner and outer point location coordinates corresponding to the thickness dimension of the point, and associating the inner profile deviation value with the outer profile coordinate point;
and (ten) performing finish machining on the shape, and compensating the deviation value of the shape value point when the tool nose point moves to the coordinate point position on the curve, so that the machining precision of the thickness dimension is improved.
Further, the grinding device adopts an extended grinding device with the length of 1.5 meters.
According to the invention, the detection of the inner cavity and the appearance of the special-shaped closed deep cavity structure antenna housing at the same station is realized through the in-situ measuring device, the efficient profile fitting method and the error compensation polishing method for the special-shaped closed deep cavity antenna housing. The profile deviation is measured on line at the same station, the inner profile is subjected to error compensation grinding with the profile deviation, and the outer profile is subjected to error compensation grinding with the thickness deviation, so that the thickness dimension processing precision of the special-shaped closed deep cavity radome is greatly improved.
Example (b):
the quick in-place measurement (rough machining) of the profile in the special-shaped closed deep cavity comprises the following steps:
a special measuring transfer rod is designed based on a three-axis gantry machine tool and an inner cavity 1.5 m lengthened grinding device, a dial indicator is clamped for manual sampling point measurement, rapid measurement of key measuring points of a designated section along the bus direction is realized, and the device is suitable for rough machining alignment;
1. after the product is clamped and positioned, a grinding wheel for grinding is replaced by a rapid in-place measuring adapter rod (a second in-place measuring adapter rod) at the front end of the lengthened grinding device with the length of 1.5 meters;
2. the dial indicator is clamped at the front end of the adapter rod, the center of the shaft of a ball head X, Y of the measuring rod is calibrated, the top point of the ball head of the Z shaft is a zero point, and a workpiece coordinate system is filled;
3. a gap (5mm gap) is reserved between the tip of the dial indicator and the measured surface, the tip of the dial indicator is moved along the direction of the bus of the special-shaped closed inner molded surface, and after the tip of the dial indicator is moved to an X, Y coordinate point required to be detected, the X, Y shaft is fixed;
4. only moving the Z axis to enable the tip of the dial indicator to be in contact with the molded surface of the product, controlling the contact gap through the dial indicator, drawing a projection point of the contact point on the three-dimensional digital-analog, measuring the distance between the projection point and the contact point, and taking the distance as a processing deviation value of the projection point and the contact point;
5. whether the product clamping position is correct or not is determined by the molded surface deviation of each point on the bus, the front and rear margins of the product are considered to be uniform within the range of +/-1 mm of the difference, and the molded surface machining of the product can be enveloped.
The high-precision in-situ measurement (finish machining) of the profile in the special-shaped closed deep cavity comprises the following steps:
a special measuring adapter rod is designed based on a three-axis gantry machine tool and an inner cavity 1.5 m lengthened grinding device, and a spherical side head is clamped for automatic point acquisition measurement, so that intensive measurement along the circumferential direction of a specified cross section is realized, and the device is suitable for error measurement after semi-finish machining and size measurement after finish machining;
after semi-finish machining of a product, replacing a grinding wheel for grinding with a high-precision in-place measuring adapter rod (a first in-place measuring adapter rod) at the front end of a lengthened grinding device with the length of 1.5 meters;
clamping a high-precision spherical measuring head module at the front end of the switching rod, wherein the measuring head module comprises a connecting rod, a measuring head, an extension rod, a gravity measuring head and a spherical measuring needle;
step three, calibrating the center of an axis of a measuring rod ball head X, Y, taking the top point of the Z-axis ball head as a zero point, and filling a workpiece coordinate system;
step four, operating a monitoring macro program, carrying out point location measurement on the semi-finished curved surface, comparing the point location measurement with a theoretical profile to calculate to obtain a deviation value of each monitoring point, and storing the measured coordinate data of the profile point and the deviation value on an industrial personal computer according to a corresponding path sequence;
step five, carrying out dead pixel filtration on the type value point data according to reasonable confidence deviation, and removing type value points which can cause distortion of a fitting curve;
step six, carrying out densification treatment and three-order curve fitting of a local area on the filtered point set according to the direction and the annular direction of a bus, and describing a curved surface of the area needing to be processed by a curve;
step seven, operating a finish machining program, compensating the deviation value of the shape value point when the tool nose point operates to the coordinate point position on the curve, and improving the machining precision of the inner cavity profile;
step eight, operating a monitoring macro program after finish machining, carrying out point location measurement on the finish machining inner cavity curved surface, comparing the point location measurement with a theoretical profile to calculate to obtain a deviation value of each monitoring point, and storing the measured coordinate data of the type value points and the deviation values on an industrial personal computer according to a corresponding path sequence;
projecting the inner cavity profile detection point image to obtain an outer surface coordinate point corresponding to the thickness of the point, and associating the inner profile deviation value with the outer surface coordinate point;
and (ten) operating a shape finishing program, and compensating the deviation value of the model value point when the tool nose point operates to the coordinate point position on the curve, so as to improve the thickness dimension processing precision.
Claims (10)
1. A method for fitting a profile of a special-shaped closed deep-cavity radome is characterized by comprising profile fitting during rough machining of a product and profile fitting during fine machining of the product;
the profile fitting during rough machining of the product comprises the following steps:
step one, after an antenna housing product is clamped and positioned, replacing a grinding wheel for grinding with a second in-situ measurement adapter rod at the front end of a grinding device;
secondly, clamping a dial indicator at the front end of the second in-situ measurement adapter rod, calibrating the axle center of a ball head X, Y of the dial indicator, filling the top point of the ball head of the Z axle as a zero point into a workpiece coordinate system, and enabling the ball head reference of the dial indicator to coincide with the workpiece reference;
reserving a gap between the tip of the dial indicator and the inner molded surface of the measured special-shaped closed deep-cavity radome, moving the tip of the dial indicator along the generatrix direction of the inner molded surface, and fixing the tip of the dial indicator along the X, Y axis direction after moving to an X, Y coordinate point required to be detected;
moving the tip of the dial indicator only along the Z-axis direction to enable the tip of the dial indicator to be in contact with the inner molded surface, controlling the contact gap to be zero through the dial indicator, recording X, Y, Z coordinate values of the point, drawing a projection point of the contact point on a three-dimensional digital analog, and measuring the distance between the projection point and the contact point to serve as the molded surface processing deviation value;
fifthly, determining whether the product clamping position is correct or not according to the molded surface processing deviation value of each point on the bus;
step six, performing rough machining;
the profile fitting during the product finish machining comprises the following steps:
after clamping and positioning an antenna housing product, replacing a grinding wheel for grinding with a first in-situ measurement adapter rod at the front end of a grinding device;
the front end of the first in-place measurement switching rod clamps a spherical measuring head module, and the spherical measuring head module comprises a connecting rod, a measuring head, an extension rod, a gravity measuring head and a spherical measuring needle;
step three, calibrating the center of an axis X, Y of a spherical measuring probe ball head, filling a workpiece coordinate system with the vertex of the Z-axis ball head as a zero point, and enabling the spherical measuring probe reference to coincide with the workpiece reference;
performing point location measurement on the semi-finished curved surface to be detected, comparing the point location measurement with a theoretical profile to calculate to obtain a deviation value of each monitoring point, and storing the measured coordinate data of the profile point and the deviation value on an industrial personal computer according to a corresponding path sequence; the molding point coordinate data is X, Y, Z three-axis coordinate values of the point location;
step five, carrying out dead pixel filtration on the type value point coordinate data according to reasonable confidence deviation, and removing type value points which can cause distortion of a fitting curve;
step six, carrying out densification treatment and three-order curve fitting of a local area on the filtered point set according to the direction of a bus and the annular direction, and describing a curved surface of an area needing to be processed through a curve;
step seven, finish machining is carried out, when the tool nose point runs to a coordinate point position on the curve, the deviation value of the tool nose point is compensated, and the machining precision of the inner cavity profile is improved;
after finish machining, point location measurement is carried out on the finish-machined inner cavity curved surface, a deviation value of each monitoring point is obtained through comparison and calculation with a theoretical profile, and measured type value point coordinate data and the deviation values are stored on an industrial personal computer according to a corresponding path sequence;
projecting an inner cavity profile detection point to an outer profile to obtain inner and outer point location coordinates corresponding to the thickness dimension of the point, and associating the inner profile deviation value with the outer profile coordinate point;
and (ten) performing finish machining on the shape, and compensating the deviation value of the shape value point when the tool nose point moves to the coordinate point position on the curve, so that the machining precision of the thickness dimension is improved.
2. The fitting method for the profile of the special-shaped closed deep-cavity radome according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first in-place measurement adapter rod comprises: the connecting rod, the connecting sleeve, the first fastening screw and the second fastening screw;
connecting rod and adapter sleeve are awl cylindric structure, and in the grinding device front end stretched into the connecting rod, with the cooperation of the connecting rod internal conical surface, and the grinding device front end passed through screw and connecting rod fixed connection, the connecting rod external conical surface cooperatees with the adapter sleeve internal conical surface, through first fastening screw fixed connection, and the adapter sleeve front end passes through second fastening screw fixed connection with spherical gauge head module.
3. The method for fitting the profile of the special-shaped closed deep cavity radome according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the coaxiality of the front end of the grinding device, the connecting rod and the connecting sleeve is realized by adjusting the first fastening screw.
4. The method for fitting the profile of the special-shaped closed deep cavity radome according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the first fastening screw is two M10 screws, and the second fastening screw is an M4 screw.
5. The fitting method for the profile of the special-shaped closed deep-cavity radome according to claim 1, characterized in that: the second in-place measurement adapter rod comprises: a connecting rod and a jacket; the connecting rod links to each other with extension grinding device front end, and connecting rod terminal surface and side have high accuracy location pinhole, presss from both sides to press from both sides and links to each other with the connecting rod through the pinhole behind the tight percentage table of cover clamp, through changing the relative angle between pressing from both sides the cover position adjustment percentage table survey needle and the connecting rod, carries out interior profile measurement when relative angle is 90, carries out exterior profile measurement when relative angle is 0.
6. The method for fitting the profile of the special-shaped closed deep cavity radome according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and fifthly, determining whether the product clamping position is correct or not by using the molded surface processing deviation values of all points on the bus, specifically: the difference value is within the range of +/-1 mm, the front and rear margins of the product are uniform, and the molded surface of the product can be enveloped.
7. The method for fitting the profile of the special-shaped closed deep cavity radome according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the reasonable confidence deviation specifically comprises: deviation of profile tolerance of the profile surface from the finished profile surface is +/-0.05 mm.
8. The fitting method for the profile of the special-shaped closed deep-cavity radome according to claim 1, characterized in that: the grinding device adopts a lengthened grinding device with the length of 1.5 meters.
9. The system for fitting the profile of the special-shaped closed deep-cavity radome, which is realized by the method for fitting the profile of the special-shaped closed deep-cavity radome according to claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following steps: the device comprises a product rough machining profile fitting module and a product finish machining profile fitting module;
the rough machining profile fitting module for the product performs profile fitting during rough machining of the product, and comprises the following steps:
after clamping and positioning an antenna housing product, replacing a grinding wheel for grinding with a second in-situ measurement adapter rod at the front end of a grinding device;
secondly, clamping a dial indicator at the front end of the second in-situ measurement adapter rod, calibrating the axle center of a ball head X, Y of the dial indicator, filling the top point of the ball head of the Z axle as a zero point into a workpiece coordinate system, and enabling the ball head reference of the dial indicator to coincide with the workpiece reference;
a gap is reserved between the tip of the dial indicator and the inner molded surface of the measured special-shaped closed deep-cavity radome, the tip of the dial indicator is moved along the generatrix direction of the inner molded surface, and the tip of the dial indicator is fixed along the X, Y axis direction after the tip of the dial indicator is moved to an X, Y coordinate point required to be detected;
moving the tip of the dial indicator only along the Z-axis direction to enable the tip of the dial indicator to be in contact with the inner profile, controlling the contact gap to be zero through the dial indicator, recording the coordinate value of X, Y, Z at the point, drawing the projection point of the contact point on the three-dimensional digital model, and measuring the distance between the projection point and the contact point to serve as the profile processing deviation value at the point;
fifthly, determining whether the product clamping position is correct or not according to the molded surface processing deviation value of each point on the bus;
step six, performing rough machining;
the product finish machining profile fitting module performs profile fitting during product finish machining, and comprises the following steps:
after clamping and positioning an antenna housing product, replacing a grinding wheel for grinding with a first in-situ measurement adapter rod at the front end of a grinding device;
the front end of the first in-place measurement switching rod clamps a spherical measuring head module, and the spherical measuring head module comprises a connecting rod, a measuring head, an extension rod, a gravity measuring head and a spherical measuring needle;
step three, calibrating the axis center of a spherical measuring stylus ball head X, Y, taking the top point of a Z-axis ball head as a zero point, and filling a workpiece coordinate system to enable the spherical measuring stylus reference to coincide with the workpiece reference;
performing point location measurement on the semi-finished curved surface to be detected, comparing the point location measurement with a theoretical profile to calculate to obtain a deviation value of each monitoring point, and storing the measured coordinate data of the profile point and the deviation value on an industrial personal computer according to a corresponding path sequence; the molding point coordinate data is X, Y, Z three-axis coordinate values of the point location;
step five, carrying out dead pixel filtration on the type value point coordinate data according to reasonable confidence deviation, and removing type value points which can cause distortion of a fitting curve;
step six, carrying out densification treatment and three-order curve fitting of a local area on the filtered point set according to the direction and the annular direction of a bus, and describing a curved surface of the area needing to be processed through a curve;
step seven, finish machining is carried out, when the tool nose point runs to a coordinate point position on the curve, the deviation value of the tool nose point is compensated, and the machining precision of the inner cavity profile is improved;
after finish machining, point location measurement is carried out on the finish-machined inner cavity curved surface, a deviation value of each monitoring point is obtained through comparison and calculation with a theoretical profile, and measured type value point coordinate data and the deviation values are stored on an industrial personal computer according to a corresponding path sequence;
projecting an inner cavity profile detection point to an outer profile to obtain inner and outer point location coordinates corresponding to the thickness dimension of the point, and associating the inner profile deviation value with the outer profile coordinate point;
and (ten) performing finish machining on the shape, and compensating the deviation value of the shape value point when the tool nose point moves to the coordinate point position on the curve, so that the machining precision of the thickness dimension is improved.
10. The profiled closed deep cavity radome profile fitting system of claim 9, wherein: the first in-place measurement adapter rod comprises: the connecting rod, the connecting sleeve, the first fastening screw and the second fastening screw;
the connecting rod and the connecting sleeve are of conical cylindrical structures, the front end of the grinding device extends into the connecting rod and is matched with an inner conical surface of the connecting rod, the front end of the grinding device is fixedly connected with the connecting rod through threads, an outer conical surface of the connecting rod is matched with an inner conical surface of the connecting sleeve and is fixedly connected with the connecting sleeve through a first fastening screw, and the front end of the connecting sleeve is fixedly connected with the spherical measuring head module through a second fastening screw; the coaxiality of the front end of the grinding device, the connecting rod and the connecting sleeve is realized by adjusting the first fastening screw;
the second in-place measurement adapter rod comprises: a connecting rod and a jacket; the connecting rod links to each other with extension grinding device front end, and connecting rod terminal surface and side have high accuracy location pinhole, presss from both sides to press from both sides and links to each other with the connecting rod through the pinhole behind the tight percentage table of cover clamp, through changing the relative angle between pressing from both sides the cover position adjustment percentage table survey needle and the connecting rod, carries out interior profile measurement when relative angle is 90, carries out exterior profile measurement when relative angle is 0.
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