CN113500296A - Additive remanufacturing method with coaction of pulse laser and pulse arc - Google Patents
Additive remanufacturing method with coaction of pulse laser and pulse arc Download PDFInfo
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- CN113500296A CN113500296A CN202110671318.2A CN202110671318A CN113500296A CN 113500296 A CN113500296 A CN 113500296A CN 202110671318 A CN202110671318 A CN 202110671318A CN 113500296 A CN113500296 A CN 113500296A
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- pulse
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- tig
- laser beam
- workpiece
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- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007712 rapid solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
- B23K26/342—Build-up welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/346—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding
- B23K26/348—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding in combination with arc heating, e.g. TIG [tungsten inert gas], MIG [metal inert gas] or plasma welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
Abstract
A pulse laser and pulse arc coact with the additive remanufacturing method, the pulse laser beam and TIG pulse arc act on the workpiece to be repaired synchronously, wherein the vertical direction included angle of the TIG pulse arc and the surface of the workpiece is not more than +/-15 degrees, and the pulse laser beam and the surface of the workpiece form an included angle; and a welding wire is arranged on one side of the TIG pulse arc, which is far away from the pulse laser beam, and the pulse laser beam and the TIG pulse arc alternately act. The invention has the following beneficial effects: the oxide layer can be gasified instantly by using the instant high temperature of the pulse laser to obtain a fresh metal surface, so that the stacking of the next layer is facilitated, and the oxide inclusion is reduced; the delayed pulse laser realizes preheating before the action of the electric arc pulse and slow cooling after the action so as to reduce the temperature gradient and reduce the cracking tendency; TIG electric arc vertically acts on the surface to ensure the stability of the electric arc; the laser beam is obliquely emitted to the surface of the workpiece, so that the laser action area in the scanning direction is enlarged, and the gasification oxidation layer and the preheating effect are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, in particular to a method for additive remanufacturing under the combined action of pulse laser and pulse arc.
Background
The laser remanufacturing technology is one of advanced remanufacturing technologies, and mainly adopts a laser cladding technology as a core technology to realize repair remanufacturing of a failure area of a part, powder or wire and a small part of a surface layer of a base material are simultaneously melted through irradiation of a laser beam with certain intensity, the powder or wire and the small part of the surface layer of the base material are uniformly distributed on the surface of the part in a melting state, and a cladding layer with low dilution rate, controllable thickness in a certain range and metallurgical bonding state with the base material is formed on the surface of the base material in a subsequent rapid solidification process.
TIG electric arc additive manufacturing belongs to the important branch of electric arc additive manufacturing technology, and is a high-efficiency, energy-saving, less-splashing and sustainable metal manufacturing process. Therefore, TIG arc additive technology is an important research direction for direct manufacturing of low-cost metal parts. The surface formed by the arc mode is easy to form an oxide film, which causes inconvenience for post-processing, and although the crystal grains are finer and the forming is more precise, the additive area is easy to crack due to an overlarge cooling gradient.
For example, in chinese patent document, "a method and a system for additive manufacturing of stainless steel structural members based on low power laser induced TIG arc", which is disclosed in chinese patent publication No. CN109909616A, the method uses low power laser and TIG arc as a composite heat source, sets an angle relationship between a welding gun, laser and a substrate according to a welding environment, feeds a stainless steel welding wire into a molten pool by an additional wire feeder, melts stably and spreads on the processed substrate, performs build-up welding according to a planned route, and accumulates layer by layer to form a stainless steel workpiece of a desired structure. The method has the defects that an oxide film is easily formed on the surface of the metal, the post-treatment processing is inconvenient, and the additive area is easy to crack due to overlarge cooling gradient.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an additive remanufacturing method with the common action of pulse laser and pulse arc, which aims to overcome the problems that an oxide film is easy to form on the surface of a workpiece, the aftertreatment processing is inconvenient, and the additive area is easy to crack due to overlarge cooling gradient in the additive manufacturing method in the prior art, remove the oxide film on the surface of a metal in time and reduce the cracking tendency.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an additive remanufacturing method under the combined action of pulse laser and pulse arc comprises the following steps:
the pulse laser beam and the TIG pulse arc synchronously act on the workpiece to be repaired, wherein the included angle between the TIG pulse arc and the vertical direction of the surface of the workpiece is not more than +/-15 degrees, and the pulse laser beam and the surface of the workpiece form an included angle;
and a welding wire is arranged on one side of the TIG pulse arc, which is far away from the pulse laser beam, and the pulse laser beam and the TIG pulse arc alternately act.
The invention is characterized in that the laser beam and the TIG electric arc are both in a pulse form and act alternately, because the surface formed by the pulse electric arc is easy to form an oxide layer, the oxide layer can be instantly gasified by using the instant high temperature of the pulse laser to obtain a fresh metal surface, thereby being beneficial to the stacking of the next layer and reducing the oxide inclusion; the pulse arc material increase mode has the characteristics of tissue refinement, small heat influence, precise forming and the like due to the fact that the pulse arc material increase mode has larger cooling speed and temperature gradient, but the larger cooling speed also causes the increase of residual stress and the easy occurrence of cracks, and the pulse laser can supplement certain heat input while cleaning an oxide layer, so that preheating before the action of the arc pulse and slow cooling after the action are realized, the temperature gradient is reduced, and the cracking tendency is reduced; by combining the two additive methods, the respective advantages of the two heat sources can be fully exerted, and the respective defects are mutually made up, so that a brand-new high-efficiency additive method is formed. The TIG electric arc is ensured to be vertical to the working surface as far as possible, and the tip of the TIG tungsten electrode is used for discharging, so that the stability of the electric arc is ensured, and the material increase effect is good; the laser beam is obliquely emitted to the surface of the workpiece, so that an oval light spot is formed on the surface, the long axis of the light spot is consistent with the scanning directions of the laser beam and the electric arc, the laser action area in the scanning direction is enlarged, and the gasification oxidation layer and the preheating effect are improved.
Preferably, the pulse interval of the TIG pulse arc is 0.5s-0.6s, and the pulse laser beam is delayed from the TIG pulse arc by 0.3s-0.4 s.
The delayed pulse laser is used for acting on the molten pool which is just solidified, and certain heat input can be accurately supplemented while an oxide layer is cleaned.
Preferably, the moving speed of the pulse laser beam and the TIG pulse arc is 1 mm/s-3 mm/s.
Preferably, the scanning frequency of the pulse laser beam is adjusted within a range of 30-300 Hz.
Preferably, the pulse laser beam is a fiber laser or a YAG laser.
Preferably, the extending direction of the pulse laser beam forms an angle of 30-60 degrees with the surface of the workpiece.
The spot area and shape are most suitable under the angle, and the preheating effect is best.
Preferably, the TIG pulse arc is generated by a TIG welding torch including a tungsten electrode having a vertical distance of 1.5mm to 2mm from a surface of the workpiece, and a horizontal distance of 3mm to 4mm between a tip of the tungsten electrode and a scanning center of the pulse laser beam.
The TIG pulse arc release energy is ensured to meet the requirement of the lowest energy density, and in addition, the output range of the welding gun for blocking the laser beam is reduced.
Preferably, the diameter of the welding wire is 0.5mm-2.4 mm.
Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the oxide layer can be gasified instantly by using the instant high temperature of the pulse laser to obtain a fresh metal surface, so that the stacking of the next layer is facilitated, and the oxide inclusion is reduced; (2) the delayed pulse laser realizes preheating before the action of the electric arc pulse and slow cooling after the action so as to reduce the temperature gradient and reduce the cracking tendency; (3) TIG electric arc vertically acts on the surface to ensure the stability of the electric arc; (4) the laser beam is obliquely emitted to the surface of the workpiece, so that the laser action area in the scanning direction is enlarged, and the gasification oxidation layer and the preheating effect are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, an additive remanufacturing method using a pulsed laser and a pulsed arc in cooperation comprises the following steps:
1) and polishing and cleaning the area to be repaired of the workpiece 1.
2) The TIG welding gun 2, the wire feeding head 3 and the laser head 4 are clamped on a clamp 5, wherein the TIG welding gun 2 is perpendicular to the surface of a workpiece 1, the TIG welding gun comprises a tungsten electrode, the perpendicular distance between the tip of the tungsten electrode and the surface of the workpiece is 1.5mm, the wire feeding head 3 and the laser head 4 are respectively arranged on two sides of the TIG welding gun 2, the included angle between a laser beam emitted by the laser head 4 and the surface of the workpiece is 45 degrees, and meanwhile, the relative positions of a laser spot and an electric arc are adjusted, so that the laser spot and the electric arc can reach the optimal focal distance and the same workpiece processing point is kept.
3) The setting parameters are as follows: the synchronous scanning speed of the laser head and the welding gun head is 1mm/s, the laser pulse width is 1000ns, the pulse energy is 100mJ, and the frequency is 50 Hz; TIG welding pulse width is 60ms, current is 60A, single-point pulse interval is 0.5s, and wire feeding speed is 200 mm/min; the laser pulse is delayed 0.3s from the arc pulse, and the two alternately act.
4) Starting a laser light source of laser equipment and a power supply of a TIG welding gun, starting a wire feeder, ensuring that a wire feeding area and an area to be processed are in the same area with a laser irradiation area and an arc discharge area, and the scanning direction is consistent with the direction of a laser beam facula long axis, scanning and processing are carried out through existing path planning, and repairing and remanufacturing of the whole surface to be processed of a part are realized.
5) And (5) closing the laser and the TIG welding equipment, and finishing the repairing and remanufacturing work.
The laser head 4 moves to drive the wire feeding head 3 and the TIG welding gun 2 to move together, so that high processing efficiency and quality are ensured; an oxide layer is easily formed on the surface formed by the pulse arc, and the oxide layer can be instantly gasified by using the instant high temperature of the pulse laser to obtain a fresh metal surface, so that the stacking of the next layer is facilitated, and the oxide inclusion is reduced; the delayed pulse laser is adopted to act on the molten pool which is just solidified, certain heat input can be accurately supplemented while an oxide layer is cleaned, preheating before the action of the electric arc pulse and slow cooling after the action are realized, so that the temperature gradient is reduced, and the cracking tendency is reduced. The TIG electric arc is ensured to be vertical to the working surface as far as possible, and the tip of the TIG tungsten electrode is used for discharging, so that the stability of the electric arc is ensured, and the material increase effect is good; the laser beam is obliquely emitted to the surface of the workpiece, so that an oval light spot is formed on the surface, the long axis of the light spot is consistent with the scanning directions of the laser beam and the electric arc, the laser action area in the scanning direction is enlarged, and the gasification oxidation layer and the preheating effect are improved.
Claims (8)
1. A material increase remanufacturing method with the combined action of pulse laser and pulse arc is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the pulse laser beam and the TIG pulse arc synchronously act on the workpiece to be repaired, wherein the included angle between the TIG pulse arc and the vertical direction of the surface of the workpiece is not more than +/-15 degrees, and the pulse laser beam and the surface of the workpiece form an included angle;
and a welding wire is arranged on one side of the TIG pulse arc, which is far away from the pulse laser beam, and the pulse laser beam and the TIG pulse arc alternately act.
2. The additive remanufacturing method of claim 1, wherein a pulse interval of the TIG pulse arc is 0.5s to 0.6s, and the pulse laser beam is delayed from the TIG pulse arc by 0.3s to 0.4 s.
3. The additive remanufacturing method of claim 1, wherein the pulsed laser beam and the TIG pulsed arc are moved at a speed of 1mm/s to 3 mm/s.
4. The additive manufacturing method of claim 1, wherein the scanning frequency of the pulsed laser beam is adjusted within a range of 30-300 kHz.
5. The additive remanufacturing method of claim 1 wherein the pulsed laser beam is a fiber laser or a YAG laser.
6. The additive reproduction method of claim 1, wherein the pulsed laser beam extends at an angle of 30 ° to 60 ° to the surface of the workpiece.
7. A pulsed laser and pulsed arc coactive additive remanufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the TIG pulsed arc is generated by a TIG welding torch including a tungsten electrode having a tip end at a vertical distance of 1.5mm to 2mm from a surface of a workpiece and a horizontal distance of 3mm to 4mm from a scanning center of the pulsed laser beam.
8. The additive remanufacturing method of claim 1 wherein the wire has a diameter of 0.5mm to 2.4 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110671318.2A CN113500296A (en) | 2021-06-17 | 2021-06-17 | Additive remanufacturing method with coaction of pulse laser and pulse arc |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110671318.2A CN113500296A (en) | 2021-06-17 | 2021-06-17 | Additive remanufacturing method with coaction of pulse laser and pulse arc |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20170008114A1 (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2017-01-12 | Lincoln Global, Inc. | System and method of controlling attachment and release of additive manufacturing builds using a welding process |
| CN109759710A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-05-17 | 重庆理工大学 | A kind of electric arc fuse increasing material manufacturing method based on laser higher-order of oscillation molten bath |
| CN110508902A (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2019-11-29 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of NiTi marmem electric arc fuse increasing material manufacturing method |
| WO2020045383A1 (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2020-03-05 | 国立大学法人大阪大学 | Metal additive manufacturing device and metal additive manufacturing method |
-
2021
- 2021-06-17 CN CN202110671318.2A patent/CN113500296A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20170008114A1 (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2017-01-12 | Lincoln Global, Inc. | System and method of controlling attachment and release of additive manufacturing builds using a welding process |
| WO2020045383A1 (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2020-03-05 | 国立大学法人大阪大学 | Metal additive manufacturing device and metal additive manufacturing method |
| CN109759710A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-05-17 | 重庆理工大学 | A kind of electric arc fuse increasing material manufacturing method based on laser higher-order of oscillation molten bath |
| CN110508902A (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2019-11-29 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of NiTi marmem electric arc fuse increasing material manufacturing method |
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Application publication date: 20211015 |
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