CN113497449A - Power control system - Google Patents

Power control system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113497449A
CN113497449A CN202110346100.XA CN202110346100A CN113497449A CN 113497449 A CN113497449 A CN 113497449A CN 202110346100 A CN202110346100 A CN 202110346100A CN 113497449 A CN113497449 A CN 113497449A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
power
plan
power control
distribution network
reactive power
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202110346100.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
森岛彰纪
河崎高志
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Toyota Motor Corp
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Toyota Motor Corp
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Publication date
Application filed by Toyota Motor Corp filed Critical Toyota Motor Corp
Publication of CN113497449A publication Critical patent/CN113497449A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/16—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by adjustment of reactive power
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/68—Off-site monitoring or control, e.g. remote control
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B15/00—Systems controlled by a computer
    • G05B15/02—Systems controlled by a computer electric
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C5/00—Registering or indicating the working of vehicles
    • G07C5/08—Registering or indicating performance data other than driving, working, idle, or waiting time, with or without registering driving, working, idle or waiting time
    • G07C5/0841—Registering performance data
    • G07C5/085—Registering performance data using electronic data carriers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00002—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by monitoring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • H02J3/322—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means the battery being on-board an electric or hybrid vehicle, e.g. vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G], power aggregation, use of the battery for network load balancing, coordinated or cooperative battery charging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/50—Controlling the sharing of the out-of-phase component
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C5/00—Registering or indicating the working of vehicles
    • G07C5/08—Registering or indicating performance data other than driving, working, idle, or waiting time, with or without registering driving, working, idle or waiting time
    • G07C5/0808—Diagnosing performance data
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/167—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S30/00—Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
    • Y04S30/10—Systems supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles
    • Y04S30/12—Remote or cooperative charging

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

Provided is a power control system capable of controlling the voltage of a power distribution network within a predetermined range. The power control system according to the present invention is a power control system for controlling a supply and demand balance of power in a power distribution network by controlling charging and discharging operations of storage batteries of a plurality of vehicles connected to the power distribution network, and the power control system includes a control unit for creating a plan of the charging and discharging operations of the storage batteries in a predetermined period using a supply and demand plan of power of the power distribution network in the predetermined period and vehicle information indicating a state of the vehicles in the predetermined period, extracting a time and a place at which a voltage of the power distribution network does not fall within a predetermined range using the plan of the charging and discharging operations of the storage batteries, creating a reactive power control plan in which reactive power is injected at the extracted time and place so that the voltage of the power distribution network falls within the predetermined range, and controlling the reactive power according to the created reactive power control plan.

Description

Power control system
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a power control system.
Background
Patent document 1 describes the following technique: in a system capable of causing the generated power of a distributed power supply to flow in reverse to a power system, the distributed power supply is controlled in accordance with the voltage of the power system, thereby suppressing the occurrence of a voltage deviation state in which the voltage of the power system exceeds an upper limit voltage.
Documents of the prior art
Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 2017-5912
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention
The technique described in patent document 1 assumes that a power source whose position is fixed in a power system such as a solar power generator is a distributed power source. Therefore, when the technique described in patent document 1 is applied to a system using a storage battery that is movable in an electric power system as a distributed power supply, the position and charge/discharge state of the storage battery in the electric power system may change at every moment, and thus a voltage deviation state may occur, and the voltage of the electric power system may become unstable. As the battery that can move in the power system, a battery mounted on a vehicle such as an electric vehicle can be exemplified.
The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object thereof is to provide a power control system capable of controlling the voltage of a power distribution network within a predetermined range.
Means for solving the problems
The power control system according to the present invention controls charging and discharging operations of storage batteries of a plurality of vehicles connected to a power distribution network, thereby controlling the balance of supply and demand of power in the power distribution network, the power control system is characterized by comprising a control unit, the control unit creates a plan of charging and discharging operations of the storage battery in a predetermined period using a plan of power supply and demand of the distribution network in the predetermined period and vehicle information indicating a state of the vehicle in the predetermined period, extracts a time and a place where a voltage of the distribution network is not within a predetermined range using the plan of charging and discharging operations of the storage battery, creates a reactive power control plan in which reactive power is injected at the extracted time and place so that the voltage of the distribution network falls within the predetermined range, and controls the reactive power according to the created reactive power control plan.
According to such a power control system, the time and place at which the voltage of the distribution network is not within the predetermined range are extracted using the plan of the charging/discharging operation of the storage battery, the reactive power control plan is created in which the reactive power is injected at the extracted time and place so that the voltage of the distribution network falls within the predetermined range, and the reactive power is controlled in accordance with the created reactive power control plan.
The control means may create a plan of charging and discharging operations of the storage battery and a reactive power control plan in units of days of the week. With this configuration, a plan reflecting the vehicle state every day of the week can be created, and the voltage of the distribution network can be further controlled within a predetermined range.
The vehicle information may include information on the number and location of the vehicles and the state of the battery in the predetermined period. With this configuration, a plan reflecting the vehicle state can be created, and the voltage of the distribution network can be controlled to be within a predetermined range.
In addition, the control means may increase the reactive power amount at another point by an amount corresponding to the shortage of the reactive power amount when there is a point where the reactive power amount is insufficient. With this configuration, the voltage of the power distribution network can be further controlled within a predetermined range.
In addition, the control unit may control the amount of reactive power of the charging station to which the vehicle is connected. With this configuration, the voltage of the power distribution network can be further controlled within a predetermined range.
ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION
According to the power control system of the present invention, the time and the place where the voltage of the distribution network is not within the predetermined range are extracted using the plan of the charging and discharging operation of the storage battery, the reactive power control plan is created in which the reactive power is injected at the extracted time and place so that the voltage of the distribution network falls within the predetermined range, and the reactive power is controlled in accordance with the created reactive power control plan, so that the voltage of the distribution network can be controlled within the predetermined range.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a virtual power plant to which a power control system according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a power control system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart showing a flow of power control processing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a plan for charging and discharging a battery of an electric vehicle.
Fig. 5 is a diagram for explaining a process of creating a reactive power control plan.
Fig. 6 is a diagram for explaining a process of creating a reactive power control plan.
Description of the reference symbols
1 virtual Power plant
2 electric power station
3 distribution transformer substation
4 pole transformer
5-demand facility
6 user facility
7 charging station
8 electric automobile
10 power control system
11 vehicle information database (vehicle information DB)
12 System information database (System information DB)
13 reactive power supply information database (reactive power supply information DB)
14 information processing device
141 communication control unit
142 CPU (Central Processing Unit)
143 RAM (Random Access Memory)
144 ROM (Read Only Memory)
144a power control program
144b plan making program
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, a power control system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[ constitution of virtual Power plant ]
First, a configuration of a Virtual Power Plant (VPP) that is a power control system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 1.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a virtual power plant to which a power control system according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied. As shown in fig. 1, a virtual power plant 1 to which a power control system according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied includes a power plant 2, a distribution substation 3, a pole-mounted transformer 4, a demand facility 5, and a customer facility 6.
The power plant 2 is formed of a known power plant such as a hydroelectric power plant, a thermal power plant, or a nuclear power plant, and is connected to the distribution substation 3 via a power transmission line. The power station 2 supplies power to the distribution substation 3 via a power transmission line. Further, an extra-high voltage substation and an intermediate substation may be arranged between the power station 2 and the distribution substation 3.
The distribution substation 3 transforms the power supplied from the power station 2 to a predetermined voltage, and then supplies the power to the pole transformer 4 and the utility 5 via the distribution line.
The pole-mounted transformer 4 is a distribution transformer provided on a utility pole, and converts the power supplied from the distribution substation 3 to a predetermined voltage and supplies the power to the customer facility 6.
The demand facility 5 is a commercial facility or an industrial facility, and receives supply of electric power from the distribution substation 3 via a distribution line. In addition, a plurality of charging stations 7 are provided in the demand facility 5, and by connecting the electric vehicle 8 to the charging stations 7, the battery of the electric vehicle 8 can be charged with the electric power supplied from the distribution substation 3.
The user facility 6 is constituted by a residence where the user lives, or a collective residence. The customer facility 6 can receive supply of electric power from the pole transformer 4 via the distribution line, and sell surplus electric power to the distribution and delivery operator and the retail electric power operator via the distribution line. Further, the solar power generation equipment 6a is disposed in the customer facility 6, and the electric power generated by the solar power generation equipment 6a can be used and sold. In addition, a charging station 7 is provided at the user facility 6. By connecting electric vehicle 8 to charging station 7, the battery of electric vehicle 8 can be charged with the electric power supplied from on-pole transformer 4 and the electric power generated by solar power generation device 6a, and the electric power of the battery of electric vehicle 8 can be used and sold.
As described above, the virtual power plant 1 to which the power control system according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied is a system capable of adjusting the balance between supply and demand of power in the power grid by controlling the charging and discharging operations of the battery mounted on the electric vehicle 8. According to such a virtual power plant 1, the amount of fossil fuel used in the power plant 2 can be reduced by effectively utilizing the electric power of the battery mounted on the electric vehicle 8, thereby reducing CO2The amount of fuel generated, and social costs such as fuel cost, equipment cost, and carbon tax are reduced. The Electric Vehicle 8 may be HV (Hybrid Vehicle), FCEV (Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle), or the like.
In addition, in such a virtual power plant 1, since the position and the charge/discharge state of the electric vehicle 8 in the distribution network change at every moment, a voltage deviation state in which the voltage of the distribution network exceeds the upper limit voltage may occur, and the voltage of the distribution network may become unstable. Then, the power control system according to an embodiment of the present invention controls the voltage of the distribution network within a predetermined range by executing the power control process described below. Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of a power control system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 2 to 6.
[ constitution of Power control System ]
First, a configuration of a power control system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 2.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a power control system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, a power control system 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a vehicle information database (vehicle information DB)11, a system information database (system information DB)12, a reactive power supply information database (reactive power supply information DB)13, and an information processing device 14 as main components.
The vehicle information DB11 stores, as vehicle information, the identification number Of the electric vehicle 8 located in the control target area Of the virtual power plant 1 during the control period, the annual travel history Of each electric vehicle 8, the State (capacity, SOC (State Of Charge), degree Of degradation, and the like) Of the battery Of each electric vehicle 8, scheduled action information Of each electric vehicle 8 (location information (commute, at home, and the like) and presence or absence Of connection to the charging station 7 at each time), the upper limit Charge/discharge rate Of the charging station 7 located in the control target area, and information on the upper and lower limits SOC Of the battery Of each electric vehicle 8. Further, the vehicle information is information provided by a user who owns the electric vehicle 8.
The system information DB12 stores, as system information, information on the supply and demand plan of electric power in the controlled area of the virtual power plant 1, the structure of the distribution network in the controlled area, and various factors. The information on the structure of the power distribution network in the control target area and various factors includes information on the connection modes of the power plant 2, the distribution substation 3, the pole transformers 4, the demand facilities 5, the user facilities 6, and the charging stations 7 in the control target area, and various factors (output voltage, etc.).
The reactive power supply information DB13 stores, as reactive power supply information, information on devices that can supply reactive power in the control target area of the virtual power plant 1 during the control period. Specifically, the reactive power supply information includes information on the identification number of the electric vehicle 8 located in the control target area of the virtual power plant 1 during the control period, the charging/discharging location and the charging/discharging upper limit rate of the battery of each electric vehicle 8, and the installation location and the charging/discharging rate of the charging station 7 located in the control target area.
The information Processing device 14 is configured by a known information Processing device such as a workstation, and includes a communication control Unit 141, a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 142, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 143, and a ROM (Read Only Memory) 144.
The communication control unit 141 is configured by an electric communication line such as an internet line or a communication line for performing information communication via a power line, and controls information communication with information processing apparatuses provided on the power transmission and distribution operator, the retail power operator, and the user side via the electric communication line or the power line. The communication control unit 141 can also transmit control signals to various devices connected to the power distribution network via the power line.
CPU142 loads a computer program and various control data stored in ROM144 into RAM143, and executes the loaded computer program, thereby controlling the overall operation of information processing apparatus 14.
The RAM143 is a volatile storage device, and functions as a work area of the CPU 142.
The ROM144 is a nonvolatile storage device, and stores various computer programs and various control data. In the present embodiment, a power control program 144a and a plan making program 144b for causing the CPU142 to execute a power control process described later are stored in the ROM 144.
[ electric power control processing ]
Next, the operation of the information processing device 14 when executing the power control processing as one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 3.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart showing a flow of power control processing according to an embodiment of the present invention. The flowchart shown in fig. 3 starts at the timing (timing) when the execution instruction of the power control process is input to the information processing apparatus 14, and the power control process proceeds to the process of step S1. The operation of the information processing device 14 described below is realized by the CPU142 executing the power control program 144 a.
In the processing of step S1, the information processing device 14 acquires the vehicle information in the generation period (for example, one week period) of the charge/discharge plan of the electric vehicle 8 from the vehicle information DB 11. Specifically, the information processing device 14 acquires, as the vehicle information, information relating to the identification number of the electric vehicle 8 located in the control target area of the virtual power plant 1 during the creation period of the charge/discharge plan of the electric vehicle 8, the annual travel history of each electric vehicle 8, the state of the battery of each electric vehicle 8, the scheduled behavior information of each electric vehicle 8, the upper limit charge/discharge rate of the charging station 7 located in the control target area, and the upper and lower limits SOC of the battery of each electric vehicle 8. Thus, the process of step S1 is completed, and the power control process advances to the process of step S2.
In the processing of step S2, the information processing device 14 acquires the system information in the generation period of the charge/discharge plan of the electric vehicle 8 from the system information DB 12. The system information includes information on the supply and demand plan of electric power in the control target area, the power plant 2, the distribution substation 3, the pole transformers 4, the demand facilities 5, the user facilities 6, and the connection method of the charging station 7 in the control target area, and various factors. Thus, the process of step S2 is completed, and the power control process advances to the process of step S3.
In the process of step S3, the information processing device 14 inputs the vehicle information acquired in the process of step S1 and the system information acquired in the process of step S2 into the plan creation program 144b, thereby creating the charge/discharge plan of the battery of each electric vehicle 8 included in the vehicle information. Here, the plan creation program 144b is a computer program that defines a mathematical programming problem in which the vehicle information and the system information are input variables and the charge/discharge plans of the electric vehicles 8 are output variables. By combining the power generation cost of the power station 2, the degree of deterioration of the battery of each electric vehicle 8, and CO2The plan creation program 144b is executed as an evaluation function of various costs such as the amount of generation, and an optimal charge/discharge plan of the battery of each electric vehicle 8 can be created based on the costs. Such a planned production method is well known at the stage of application of the present invention, and thus detailed description thereof will be omitted, but for example, the planned production method is produced by making the supply amount of electric power exceed the required amountThe plan for charging the remaining electric power to the battery of the electric vehicle 8 and the plan for supplying the insufficient electric power from the battery of the electric vehicle 8 while the supply amount of the electric power is lower than the required amount can be made to minimize the power generation cost of the power plant 2 as shown in fig. 4. In the battery charge/discharge plan for the electric vehicle 8 shown in fig. 4, a thick line L1 indicates a temporal change in SOC during a planned production period of the battery mounted on the electric vehicle 8, and a line L2 indicates a traveling behavior of the electric vehicle 8. A charge/discharge plan of the battery is created within the range of the upper and lower limits SOC of the battery included in the vehicle information. By creating a plan of the charge/discharge operation of the battery on a day-by-day basis, it is possible to create a charge/discharge plan of the battery reflecting the behavior of the electric vehicle 8 on a day-by-day basis. Thus, the process of step S3 is completed, and the power control process advances to the process of step S4.
In the processing of step S4, the information processing device 14 acquires the reactive power supply information from the reactive power supply information DB 13. Specifically, the information processing device 14 acquires information on the installation location and the charge/discharge rate of the charging station 7 located in the control target area as the reactive power supply information. Thus, the process of step S4 is completed, and the power control process advances to the process of step S5.
In the process of step S5, the information processing device 14 creates a reactive power control plan during the creation period of the charge/discharge plan for the battery of the electric vehicle 8. Specifically, when the charge/discharge plan of the battery of each electric vehicle as shown in fig. 5 (a) is created in the process of step S3, first, the information processing device 14 calculates the transition of the voltage at the node (point) at which each electric vehicle 8 is connected to the power distribution network as shown in fig. 5 (c) using the charge/discharge plan of the battery of each electric vehicle as shown in fig. 5 (a) and the supply/demand plan of electric power as shown in fig. 5 (b). Next, the information processing device 14 extracts, for each node, a period in which the voltage of the node is not within a predetermined range centered on the reference voltage indicated by the line L3 in the drawing, using the transition of the voltage of each node shown in fig. 5 (c).
Then, the information processing device 14 creates, as a reactive power control plan, an injection plan of reactive power from the charging station 7 as shown in fig. 6 (a) so that the voltage of the node falls within a predetermined range by injecting reactive power from the charging station 7 in each extracted period. Specifically, the voltage change amount Δ V, the resistance R, the active power amount P, the reactance X, and the reactive power amount Q of the charging station 7 have a relationship shown in the following expression (1). Then, the information processing device 14 adjusts the voltage of the charging station 7 by changing the reactive power amount Q according to equation (1) based on the difference between the voltage of the node and the reference voltage, thereby controlling the voltage of the node within a predetermined range.
Figure BDA0003000733880000091
By applying the reactive power control plan shown in fig. 6 (a) to each node, the transition of the voltage of each node shown in fig. 5 (c) changes as shown in fig. 6 (b), and the voltage of each node can be made to fall within a predetermined range. Note that, for a node in which the reactive power amount is insufficient in the output restriction of the charging station 7, it is desirable to limit the active power amount of the charge/discharge operation or increase the reactive power amount of another node. However, it is desirable that the amount of active power in the charge/discharge operation is not limited as much as possible, and therefore, it is preferable to increase the amount of reactive power in the other nodes. Thus, the process of step S5 is completed, and the power control process advances to the process of step S6.
In the processing of step S6, the information processing device 14 transmits a control signal to the charging station 7 via the communication control unit 141, and controls the reactive power injection operation from the charging station 7 in accordance with the reactive power control plan created in the processing of step S5. Thereby, the process of step S6 is completed, and the series of power control processes ends.
As is apparent from the above description, the power control system according to the embodiment of the present invention uses the plan of the charging/discharging operation of the battery of the electric vehicle 8, extracts the time and the point at which the voltage of the distribution network is not within the predetermined range, creates the reactive power control plan in which the reactive power is injected at the extracted time and point so that the voltage of the distribution network falls within the predetermined range, and controls the reactive power in accordance with the created reactive power control plan.
Further, since the power control system according to the embodiment of the present invention creates the plan of the charging/discharging operation of the battery of the electric vehicle 8 and the reactive power control plan on a day-by-day basis, it is possible to create a plan reflecting the behavior of the electric vehicle 8 on a day-by-day basis, and to further control the voltage of the distribution network within a predetermined range.
Further, since the vehicle information includes information on the number and location of vehicles and the state of the battery in a predetermined period, a plan reflecting the vehicle state can be created, and the voltage of the distribution network can be controlled to be within a predetermined range.
Further, when there is a point where the reactive power amount is insufficient, the reactive power amount at another point is increased by an amount corresponding to the shortage of the reactive power amount, and therefore, the voltage of the distribution network can be further controlled within the predetermined range.
The present invention is not limited to the description and drawings of the embodiments, which are part of the disclosure of the present invention. That is, other embodiments, examples, operational techniques, and the like, which are accomplished by those skilled in the art based on the present embodiment, are all included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A power control system for controlling the balance between supply and demand of power in a power distribution network by controlling the charging and discharging operations of storage batteries of a plurality of vehicles connected to the power distribution network,
comprises a control unit,
a plan for generating a charging/discharging operation of the storage battery during a predetermined period using a supply/demand plan for electric power of the distribution network during the predetermined period and vehicle information indicating a state of the vehicle during the predetermined period,
extracting a time and a place when the voltage of the power distribution network is not within a predetermined range using the plan of the charging and discharging operation of the storage battery,
making a reactive power control plan that injects reactive power at the extracted time and place so that the voltage of the distribution network falls within a predetermined range,
and controlling the reactive power according to the prepared reactive power control plan.
2. The power control system of claim 1,
the control unit creates a plan of charge/discharge operations of the storage battery and the reactive power control plan in units of days of the week.
3. The power control system according to claim 1 or 2,
the vehicle information includes information on the number and location of the vehicles and the state of the battery in the predetermined period.
4. The power control system according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
when there is a point where the reactive power amount is insufficient, the control unit increases the reactive power amount at another point by an amount corresponding to the shortage of the reactive power amount.
5. The power control system according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
the control unit controls the amount of reactive power of a charging station to which the vehicle is connected.
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