CN113496063B - Cam structure design method of extrusion type peristaltic pump and extrusion type peristaltic pump - Google Patents
Cam structure design method of extrusion type peristaltic pump and extrusion type peristaltic pump Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/17—Mechanical parametric or variational design
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B43/00—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members
- F04B43/12—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members having peristaltic action
- F04B43/1223—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members having peristaltic action the actuating elements, e.g. rollers, moving in a straight line during squeezing
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Abstract
The embodiment of the specification discloses a cam structure design method of an extrusion type peristaltic pump and the extrusion type peristaltic pump, wherein a pressing block is adopted for the extrusion type peristaltic pump to perform linear reciprocating motion under the driving of a cam, so that a hose is pressed; the method comprises the following steps: determining the change rule of the cross section of the hose in a pressing state; determining a briquetting motion rule according to the liquid discharge requirement of the peristaltic pump and the change rule of the cross section; and determining profile curve parameters of the cam according to the motion law of the pressing block. The cam structure design method provided by the invention can design cam structures meeting different scene requirements according to specific conditions. The extrusion type peristaltic pump provided by the invention has the advantages that the pressing block is driven by the cam to perform linear reciprocating motion to press the hose, the axial friction to the hose can be reduced, and the service life of the hose is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of peristaltic pumps, in particular to a cam structure design method of an extrusion type peristaltic pump and the extrusion type peristaltic pump.
Background
Peristaltic pumps, also known as hose pumps, are used to create a flow of liquid within an elastic tubular conduit for liquid delivery. The existing peristaltic pump is generally in a rotary type peristaltic manner, and has the problems of large abrasion to a conduit and easy pipeline deviation after long-time use.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problem, the embodiments of the present specification are implemented as follows:
the embodiment of the specification provides a cam structure design method of an extrusion type peristaltic pump, wherein a pressing block is adopted for the extrusion type peristaltic pump to perform linear reciprocating motion under the driving of a cam, so that a hose is pressed;
the method comprises the following steps:
determining the change rule of the cross section of the hose in a pressing state;
determining a briquetting motion rule according to the liquid discharge requirement of the peristaltic pump and the change rule of the cross section;
and determining profile curve parameters of the cam according to the motion law of the pressing block.
Optionally, determining a cross-sectional change rule of the hose in the pressing state specifically includes:
analyzing the shape change condition of the hose before and after flattening;
and determining the change rule of the cross section according to the neutral layer invariance principle and the shape change condition.
Optionally, assuming that the radius of the hose before being flattened is R, the moving distance of the pressing block is Δ l, the cross section of the hose after being radially flattened by the pressing block is racetrack-shaped, the middle part of the cross section is a straight line, and the two ends of the cross section are semicircles with the radius of R, and the change rule of the cross section is expressed by the following formula:
wherein Δ S is a change value of the cross-sectional area of the hose.
Optionally, the motion law of the pressing block is determined according to the liquid discharge requirement of the peristaltic pump and the change law of the cross section, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the moving distance delta l of the pressing block is a function delta l = f (v) related to the moving speed v of the pressing block, and when the uniform liquid discharge of the extrusion type peristaltic pump is required, the moving displacement f (v) of the pressing block is a 1/2-order function related to the moving speed v of the pressing block, namely
Wherein k is a constant coefficient.
Optionally, the determining the profile curve parameter of the cam according to the motion law of the pressing block specifically includes:
the profile curve of the push stroke section of the cam is designed by adopting the following formula:
wherein, theta is a coordinate system established by taking the rotation center as an original point, the connecting line of any point (x, Y) on the cam contour curve and the original point forms an included angle with the Y axis, and R' is the base radius of the cam.
Optionally, the motion law of the pressing block is determined according to the liquid discharge requirement of the peristaltic pump and the change law of the cross section, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the moving distance Δ l of the press block is a function Δ l = f (v) with respect to the moving speed v of the press block, and when uniform movement of the press block is required, the moving displacement f (v) of the press block is a linear function with respect to the moving speed v of the press block, i.e., f (v) = Cv, where C is a constant coefficient.
Optionally, the determining the profile curve parameter of the cam according to the motion law of the pressing block specifically includes:
the push stroke section of the cam is designed by adopting the following formula:
wherein, theta is an included angle between a connecting line of any point (x, Y) on the cam profile curve and the origin and the Y axis, and R' is the base circle radius of the cam.
Optionally, C is a ratio of an angle θ that the cam rotates when reaching a predetermined pushing height from the starting position of the pushing section to a central angle corresponding to the pushing section.
The embodiment of the specification further provides an extrusion type peristaltic pump, wherein the extrusion type peristaltic pump adopts a pressing block to perform linear reciprocating motion under the driving of a cam so as to press a hose; the cam is designed by adopting the cam structure design method.
Optionally, the profile parameter includes a profile parameter of a push segment of the cam.
The embodiment of the specification adopts at least one technical scheme which can achieve the following beneficial effects:
the extrusion type peristaltic pump adopts the pressing block to carry out linear reciprocating motion under the driving of the cam, so that the pressing of the hose is completed, the rubbing friction in the axial direction of the hose can be reduced, and the service life of the hose is prolonged.
The cam structure design method provided by the invention can design cam structures meeting different scene requirements according to specific conditions.
Through the cam structure designed by the invention, the rotation angle of the cam can be adjusted, so that filling with different flow rates is realized.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a cam structure design method of an extrusion peristaltic pump provided in an embodiment of the present specification;
FIG. 2a is a schematic representation of a cross-section of a hose before it has been squeezed;
FIG. 2b is a schematic view of the hose after the cross-section has been crushed;
FIG. 3 is a basic configuration diagram of transformation of a linear motion law into a circular motion law;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a cam structure of the extrusion type peristaltic pump.
In the figure, 401 is a cam shaft, 402 is a liquid inlet stop cam, 403 is a squeezing cam, and 404 is a liquid discharge stop cam.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail and completely with reference to the following specific embodiments of the present application and the accompanying drawings. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The cam design method provided by the invention is applied to the extrusion type peristaltic pump, and the extrusion type peristaltic pump adopts the cam to drive the pressing block to perform linear reciprocating motion so as to press the hose. The pressing block vertically and radially extrudes the hose, so that the axial friction to the hose can be reduced, and the service life of the hose is prolonged.
Due to the radial pressing process of the pressing block on the hose, the cross section change of the hose is not linear, and if uniform liquid drainage is required, the profile curve of the cam needs to be designed to realize uniform liquid drainage.
Fig. 2a is a schematic representation of the hose before it is extruded in cross-section, wherein the hose has an inner wall radius R, a wall thickness b and an outer wall radius R + b.
FIG. 2b is a schematic view of the hose after it has been extruded in cross-section, in which the cross-section has the shape of a racetrack, with a straight line in its middle part and a length of 2l; the two ends are semicircles, and the radius of the inner wall is r.
During the bending process of the material, the outer layer is stretched and the inner layer is compressed, so that a transition layer which is not pulled or compressed is necessarily generated on the section of the material, the stress is almost equal to zero, and the transition layer is called a neutral layer of the material. The length of the neutral layer during bending remains the same as before bending. It is known that the middle of the wall thickness of the hose is a neutral layer.
Length L of neutral layer before hose is extruded 1 Comprises the following steps: l is a radical of an alcohol 1 ＝π·(2R+b)；
Length L of neutral layer after extrusion of hose 2 Comprises the following steps: l is 2 ＝4l+π·(2r+b)；
According to the principle that the neutral layer is not changed, L 1 ＝L 2 Then, the derivation yields:
in addition, the cross-sectional area of the hose before extrusion was: s 1 ＝π·R 2 The area of the cross section of the extruded hose is as follows: s 2 ＝2l·2r+π·r 2 Then, the area change during the hose being squeezed is:
ΔS＝S 1 -S 2 ＝πR 2 -4lr-πr 2 (2)。
from equations (1) and (2), one can obtain:
ΔS＝π(R-r) 2 (3)。
and (R-R) is just the extruded radial length of the hose, and the extrusion rule of the pressing block on the hose can be adjusted by the principle, so that the hose can discharge liquid at a constant speed or meet the liquid discharge requirement of a specific requirement.
Based on the principle, the embodiment of the specification provides a cam structure design method of an extrusion type peristaltic pump. Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for designing a cam structure of an extrusion peristaltic pump provided in an embodiment of the present specification. The extrusion type peristaltic pump adopts a pressing block to perform linear reciprocating motion under the driving of a cam so as to press the hose;
as shown in fig. 1, the method includes:
step 110: determining the change rule of the cross section of the hose in a pressing state;
step 120: determining a briquetting motion rule according to the liquid discharge requirement of the peristaltic pump and the change rule of the cross section;
step 130: and determining profile curve parameters of the cam according to the motion law of the pressing block.
In step 110, the flexible tube may be a circular tube or a tube with other shapes.
Taking a round tube as an example, the hose is round in a natural state, and the change rule of the cross section of the hose can be predetermined or determined through experiments in the method. The method for obtaining the change rule of the cross section can be in various modes, can be theoretical analysis and experimental verification, and can also be obtained according to empirical values of multiple experiments. Wherein, the cross section change rule of the hose under the pressing state can be regarded as fixed.
Because the cam indirectly extrudes the hose through the pressing block, the motion rule of the pressing block directly contacted with the cam needs to be known, and then the profile curve of the cam is designed according to the motion rule of the pressing block. In addition, the motion rule of the pressing block directly influences the liquid discharge amount of the hose, so that the profile curve of the cam needs to be determined together according to the liquid discharge requirement and the change rule of the cross section of the hose.
The cam comprises a push stroke section, an elevation stop section, a return stroke section and an initial section, wherein in the rotating process of the cam shaft, the push stroke section of the cam pushes the pressing block upwards to extrude the hose, the elevation stop section keeps the pressing block at an extrusion height, when the cam moves to the return stroke section, the pressing block moves downwards to loosen the hose under the action of the gravity of the pressing block and the elastic force of the hose, and the position in contact with the cam is reset to the initial section from the return stroke section to complete hose resetting. The extrusion and the reset of the hose are completed through the periodical motion of the cam.
The profile curve parameters of the cam in step 130 may include profile curve parameters of the push segment, because the profile of the push segment of the cam directly affects the drainage rate and the drainage quantity of the hose.
Determining the cross-section change rule of the hose in the pressing state in step 110 may specifically include:
analyzing the shape change condition of the hose before and after flattening;
and determining the change rule of the cross section according to the neutral layer invariance principle and the shape change condition.
Specifically, assuming that the radius of the hose before being flattened is R, the moving distance delta l of the pressing block is that the cross section of the hose after being radially flattened delta l is in a track shape, the middle part of the cross section is a straight line, and the two ends of the cross section are semicircles with the radius of R, and the change rule of the cross section is expressed by the following formula:
wherein Δ S is a change value of the cross-sectional area of the hose.
The moving rule of the pressing block is consistent with the radial displacement change of the hose, so that delta l for the radial flattening of the hose is the moving distance of the pressing block.
Example one
Since (R-R) is the moving distance deltas of the pressing block in the pressing process, when deltas is 1 2 A secondary function Δ s = x 2 When Δ S is a linear function.
And if the length of the extrusion section of the hose is L, the volume V of the fluid discharged in the process of flattening the hose is as follows:
V＝L·ΔS＝L·π(R-r) 2 。
since the area change Δ S is a linear function, the volume of fluid discharged by squeezing is a linear function, i.e., the volume of fluid discharged by collapsing the hose is linearly changed.
According to fluid mechanics, the volume flowing in a unit time multiplied by the time is the volume of fluid flowing in that time, i.e.:
V＝Q·t。
the flow velocity Q obtained by the analysis is constant, namely, the flow is uniform, and the uniform discharge of the fluid in the hose is realized. That is to say when the feed process of the working pressure piece is controlled to 1 2 The form of the secondary function can realize uniform discharge of flow, namely the push stroke working curve of the extrusion cam is 1 2 A plot of a quadratic function.
Function Δ s = x 2 In order to transform the movement law of the extrusion movement distance along the linear coordinate into the curve of the cam, the change law needs to be transformed into the change law along the circular arc, and the basic configuration is shown in fig. 3:
the basic equation of the coordinate of any point on the cam base circle is known as follows:
wherein R' is the base radius of the cam. According to the above-mentioned analysis, it is possible to,Δl＝k·θ 2 (k is a coefficient), and the coordinates of any point in the push segment should be:
the equation is the cam stroke equation when the fluid is uniformly discharged.
According to the analysis, the moving distance delta l of the pressing block is a function delta l = f (v) related to the moving speed v of the pressing block, and when the uniform liquid discharge of the extrusion type peristaltic pump is required, the moving displacement f (v) of the pressing block is a 1/2-order function related to the moving speed v of the pressing block, namely
Wherein k is a constant coefficient.
At this time, the determining the profile curve parameter of the cam according to the movement law of the pressing block may specifically include:
the profile curve of the push stroke section of the cam is designed by adopting the following formula:
and theta is an included angle between a connecting line of any point (x, Y) on the cam profile curve and the origin and the Y axis, wherein the coordinate system is established by taking the rotation center as the origin.
The embodiment realizes the uniform-speed discharge of the fluid by improving the curve of the push stroke section of the cam.
This embodiment pushes away the mode that the journey section is the constant speed helix through improving the extrusion cam, makes the briquetting at the uniform velocity feed when the camshaft rotates at the uniform velocity, realizes that the hose is extruded at the uniform velocity, has improved the control convenience of extrusion formula peristaltic pump.
In this embodiment, only a design formula of a curve of a push stroke section of the cam is given, and profile curves of an elevation stop section, a return stroke section and an initial section can be adaptively designed according to other requirements, which is not limited herein.
Example two
From the above analysis, it can be seen that the moving distance Δ l of the pressure piece is a function Δ l = f (v) with respect to the moving speed v of the pressure piece, and when uniform movement of the pressure piece is required, the motion displacement f (v) of the pressure piece is a linear function with respect to the moving speed v of the pressure piece, i.e., f (v) = Cv, where C is a constant coefficient.
At this time, the determining the profile curve parameter of the cam according to the movement law of the pressing block may specifically include:
the profile curve of the push stroke section of the cam is designed by adopting the following formula:
wherein, theta is an included angle between a connecting line of any point (x, Y) on the cam profile curve and the origin and the Y axis, and R' is the base circle radius of the cam.
In one or more embodiments, C is the ratio of the angle θ that the cam rotates when reaching a predetermined advance height from the start of the push segment to the corresponding central angle of the push segment.
In the embodiment, the mode that the pushing section of the extrusion cam is a half-order function curve is improved, so that the working pressing block is fed according to a half-order function when the cam shaft rotates at a constant speed, the uniform discharge of fluid in the hose is realized, and the control convenience of the extrusion type peristaltic pump is improved.
EXAMPLE III
When filling is needed, the rotating angle of the pushing section of the cam can be adjusted by controlling the motor, so that filling of fluids with different flow rates is realized. And continuous filling of a plurality of equal flow rates can be realized by controlling the motor.
The extrusion type peristaltic pump adopts a pressing block to perform linear reciprocating motion under the driving of a cam to press a hose, wherein the pressing block on the extrusion type peristaltic pump is called as a working pressing block, and the cam is called as an extrusion cam. In addition, the liquid inlet stop valve and the liquid discharge stop valve of the hose can be designed by referring to the related method of the extrusion cam by adopting an electric stop valve and a mechanical stop valve.
The extrusion unit comprises a liquid inlet stop block, a working pressing block and a liquid discharge stop block which are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the hose; the liquid inlet stopping block and the liquid discharge stopping block are both arranged at two parts of the working pressing block, the liquid inlet stopping block is close to the liquid inlet direction of the hose, and the liquid discharge stopping block is close to the liquid outlet direction of the hose.
The liquid inlet stopping cam, the extrusion cam and the liquid discharge stopping cam can be arranged on one cam or a plurality of cam shafts.
As shown in fig. 4, when provided on one camshaft 401, the phase angles of the adjacent cams are different. The liquid inlet stop cam 402 corresponds to the liquid inlet stop block, the extrusion cam 403 corresponds to the working press block, and the liquid discharge stop cam 404 corresponds to the liquid discharge stop cam. Because the adjacent cam phase angles are different, the action sequences of the liquid inlet stopping block, the working pressing block and the liquid discharge stopping block are different.
The working process of the extrusion type peristaltic pump is as follows:
step 1: when the liquid inlet stop cam rotates to the elevation stop section, the liquid inlet stop block seals the hose, and the liquid inlet stop block keeps the fluid cutoff.
Step 2: and then the liquid discharge stop cam enters the return section, and the opening of the hose in the liquid discharge direction is gradually opened until the liquid discharge stop pressing block is reset to reach the initial section, so that the liquid discharge port is completely opened.
And step 3: the extrusion cam rotates to the push section, at the same time or later, the drainage stopping cam enters the push section, the working pressing block and the drainage stopping pressing block simultaneously start to extrude the hose, so that the fluid in the hose is discharged from the fluid outlet direction of the hose, the drainage stopping pressing block gradually seals the hose until the drainage stopping pressing block moves to the elevation stop section, the complete sealing of a drainage port is completed, and the fluid is cut off. In the process, the working pressing block needs to enter the elevation stop section before the liquid discharge stop pressing block, and the working pressing block is prevented from being incapable of extruding and discharging the fluid in the area.
And 4, step 4: the liquid inlet stop cam and the extrusion cam enter the return segment, the opening in the liquid inlet direction of the hose is gradually opened, and the hose segment corresponding to the working pressing block is rapidly opened until the liquid inlet stop pressing block resets to reach the initial segment, so that the liquid inlet is completely opened. Due to the resetting function of the hose, the fluid is sucked into the inner cavity by the hose, and the fluid accumulation is completed.
And 5: returning to the step 1, continuously circulating according to the steps, so that the fluid can move from the liquid inlet direction to the liquid outlet direction in the hose, and the pumping function of the extrusion type peristaltic pump with the controllable flow rate is realized.
It should be noted that the camshaft is continuously rotated in one movement cycle during the above control without stopping.
When the liquid inlet stop cam, the extrusion cam and the liquid discharge stop cam are arranged on a plurality of cam shafts, the steps 1 to 5 can be realized by arranging different motors to control the liquid inlet stop cam, the extrusion cam and the liquid discharge stop cam, which are not described herein.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising a," "8230," "8230," or "comprising" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus comprising the element.
The above description is only an example of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. The cam structure design method of the extrusion type peristaltic pump is characterized in that a pressing block is adopted by the extrusion type peristaltic pump to perform linear reciprocating motion under the driving of a cam, the pressing block vertically and radially extrudes a hose to complete pressing of the hose, and the extrusion type peristaltic pump achieves filling at different flow rates by adjusting the rotation angle of the cam;
the method comprises the following steps:
confirm the cross section change rule of hose under the state of pressing, specifically include: analyzing the shape change condition of the hose before and after flattening; determining a cross section change rule according to a neutral layer invariance principle and the shape change condition;
determining a briquetting motion rule according to the liquid discharge requirement of the peristaltic pump and the change rule of the cross section; the liquid discharge requirements of the peristaltic pump comprise uniform liquid discharge and uniform movement of a pressing block;
and determining profile curve parameters of the cam according to the pressing block motion rule.
2. The method for designing a cam structure according to claim 1, wherein assuming that the radius of the flexible tube before being flattened is R, the moving distance of the pressing block is Δ l, the cross section of the flexible tube after being radially flattened by the pressing block has a racetrack shape, the middle part of the racetrack shape is a straight line, and the two ends of the racetrack shape are semicircles with the radius R, and the change law of the cross section is expressed by the following formula:
wherein, deltaS is the change value of the cross section area of the hose, and R and R are the inner diameters.
3. The method for designing the cam structure according to claim 2, wherein the determining of the movement law of the pressing block according to the liquid discharge requirement of the peristaltic pump and the change law of the cross section specifically comprises:
the moving distance delta l of the pressing block is a function delta l = f (v) related to the moving speed v of the pressing block, and when the uniform liquid discharge of the extrusion type peristaltic pump is required, the moving displacement f (v) of the pressing block is related to the moving speed v of the pressing block1/2 th order function, i.e.
Wherein k is a constant coefficient.
4. The method for designing a cam structure according to claim 3, wherein the determining of the profile curve parameters of the cam according to the movement law of the pressing block specifically comprises:
the profile curve of the push stroke section of the cam is designed by adopting the following formula:
wherein, theta is an included angle between a connecting line of any point (X, y) on the cam profile curve and the origin and the X axis, and R' is the base circle radius of the cam.
5. The method for designing the cam structure according to claim 2, wherein the determining of the movement law of the pressing block according to the liquid discharge requirement of the peristaltic pump and the law of the change of the cross section specifically comprises:
the moving distance Δ l of the press block is a function Δ l = f (v) with respect to the moving speed v of the press block, and when uniform movement of the press block is required, the motion displacement f (v) of the press block is a linear function with respect to the moving speed v of the press block, i.e., f (v) = Cv, where C is a constant coefficient.
6. The method for designing a cam structure according to claim 5, wherein the determining of the profile curve parameters of the cam according to the movement law of the pressing block specifically comprises:
the profile curve of the push stroke section of the cam is designed by adopting the following formula:
wherein, theta is an included angle between a connecting line of any point (X, y) on the cam profile curve and the origin and the X axis, and R' is the base circle radius of the cam.
7. The method of designing a cam structure according to claim 5, wherein C is a ratio of an angle θ through which the cam rotates when reaching a predetermined advancing height from a starting position of the advancing stage to a central angle corresponding to the advancing stage.
8. A method of designing a cam structure according to claim 1, wherein the profile parameters include profile parameters of a push segment of the cam.
9. The extrusion type peristaltic pump is characterized in that a pressing block is adopted to perform linear reciprocating motion under the driving of a cam, so that the pressing of a hose is completed; wherein the cam is designed by the method of claim 1.
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