CN113493547A - Preparation method of hyperbranched butyl rubber - Google Patents
Preparation method of hyperbranched butyl rubber Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113493547A CN113493547A CN202010271956.0A CN202010271956A CN113493547A CN 113493547 A CN113493547 A CN 113493547A CN 202010271956 A CN202010271956 A CN 202010271956A CN 113493547 A CN113493547 A CN 113493547A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- butyl rubber
- preparation
- butadiene
- polymerization
- reaction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical compound CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- RSJKGSCJYJTIGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC RSJKGSCJYJTIGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 125000003003 spiro group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 102
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 54
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- FBBDOOHMGLLEGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrochloride Chemical compound C.Cl FBBDOOHMGLLEGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical group [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- -1 cyclohexyllithium Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloromethane Chemical group ClC NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Chemical compound BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002140 halogenating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1 RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoromethane Chemical compound FCF RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940050176 methyl chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BGXXXYLRPIRDHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylmethane Chemical group CCC(CC)(CC)CC BGXXXYLRPIRDHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CMAOLVNGLTWICC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-fluoro-5-methylbenzonitrile Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(F)C(C#N)=C1 CMAOLVNGLTWICC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- YFIIENAGGCUHIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,2,3,3-heptachloropropane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)C(Cl)(Cl)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl YFIIENAGGCUHIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FEKGWIHDBVDVSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2-tetrachloropropane Chemical compound CC(Cl)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl FEKGWIHDBVDVSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FCC(F)(F)F LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)Cl SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LQIIEHBULBHJKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropylalumane Chemical compound CC(C)C[AlH2] LQIIEHBULBHJKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XOBKSJJDNFUZPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC XOBKSJJDNFUZPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HQMRIBYCTLBDAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M bis(2-methylpropyl)alumanylium;chloride Chemical compound CC(C)C[Al](Cl)CC(C)C HQMRIBYCTLBDAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-NJFSPNSNSA-N chloro(114C)methane Chemical compound [14CH3]Cl NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- RFUDQCRVCDXBGK-UHFFFAOYSA-L dichloro(propyl)alumane Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].CCC[Al+2] RFUDQCRVCDXBGK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- YNLAOSYQHBDIKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M diethylaluminium chloride Chemical compound CC[Al](Cl)CC YNLAOSYQHBDIKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglyme Chemical group COCCOCCOC SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JGHYBJVUQGTEEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimethylalumanylium;chloride Chemical compound C[Al](C)Cl JGHYBJVUQGTEEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- UAIZDWNSWGTKFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L ethylaluminum(2+);dichloride Chemical compound CC[Al](Cl)Cl UAIZDWNSWGTKFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- WGOPGODQLGJZGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;butane Chemical compound [Li+].CC[CH-]C WGOPGODQLGJZGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FVLCOZJIIRIOQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;dodecane Chemical compound [Li+].CCCCCCCCCCC[CH2-] FVLCOZJIIRIOQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxybenzene Substances CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NRQNMMBQPIGPTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylaluminum Chemical compound [CH3].[Al] NRQNMMBQPIGPTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002587 poly(1,3-butadiene) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003011 styrenyl group Chemical group [H]\C(*)=C(/[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- UGFDIXXDKBKDSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N di(propan-2-yl)aluminum Chemical compound CC(C)[Al]C(C)C UGFDIXXDKBKDSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims 1
- UKOVZLWSUZKTRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalid Chemical compound C1=CC(C(=O)OC2)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 UKOVZLWSUZKTRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010538 cationic polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005658 halogenation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 28
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 28
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 27
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 17
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 14
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- LSXKDWGTSHCFPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromoheptane Chemical compound CCCCCCCBr LSXKDWGTSHCFPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000002902 bimodal effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 5
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 5
- WPUBUMYDZKJTBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-dibromo-3,3-bis(2-bromoethyl)pentane Chemical compound BrCCC(CCBr)(CCBr)CCBr WPUBUMYDZKJTBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- POFAUXBEMGMSAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si].[Cl] Chemical group [Si].[Cl] POFAUXBEMGMSAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000779 poly(divinylbenzene) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DZMDPHNGKBEVRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloroheptane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCl DZMDPHNGKBEVRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1N1CCN(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)CC1 VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001441571 Hiodontidae Species 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QMKYBPDZANOJGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(C(O)=O)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QMKYBPDZANOJGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- FUKUFMFMCZIRNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron;methanol;chloride Chemical compound Cl.OC FUKUFMFMCZIRNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005049 silicon tetrachloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- PMSNDFUSQJHJER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-dichloro-3,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)pentane Chemical compound C(CCl)C(CCCl)(CCCl)CCCl PMSNDFUSQJHJER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZRZHXNCATOYMJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(chloromethyl)-4-ethenylbenzene Chemical compound ClCC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 ZRZHXNCATOYMJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMYIIHDQURVDRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenylethenylbenzene Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZMYIIHDQURVDRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MJMQIMYDFATMEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-2,4,4-trimethylpentane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)Cl MJMQIMYDFATMEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ROGIWVXWXZRRMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbuta-1,3-diene;styrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 ROGIWVXWXZRRMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQAZYKYBFAMHPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-dimethylhex-2-ene Chemical compound CC=C(C)CC(C)C BQAZYKYBFAMHPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910008046 SnC14 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010066 TiC14 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005234 alkyl aluminium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001350 alkyl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012661 block copolymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011088 calibration curve Methods 0.000 description 1
- CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon carbon Chemical compound C.C CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012986 chain transfer agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001924 cycloalkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000578 graft copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920006158 high molecular weight polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010551 living anionic polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010552 living cationic polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012434 nucleophilic reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001979 organolithium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZYTJPPRBIGGXRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-ylalumane Chemical compound C(C)(C)[AlH2] ZYTJPPRBIGGXRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007614 solvation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006132 styrene block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960005137 succinic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003878 thermal aging Methods 0.000 description 1
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-Stilbene Natural products C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-VAWYXSNFSA-N trans-stilbene Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1/C=C/C1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-VAWYXSNFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C08F287/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to block polymers
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Abstract
The invention firstly carries out halogenation reaction on 3, 9-dioxo [5.5] spiro undecane to synthesize a novel tetrahalide coupling agent, then the novel tetrahalide coupling agent is coupled with styrene and butadiene reaction monomers to prepare a binary four-arm star-shaped copolymer, and finally the binary four-arm star-shaped copolymer is used as a grafting agent to carry out cationic polymerization with isobutene and isoprene to prepare the hyperbranched butyl rubber under a catalysis system compounded by Lewis acid and protonic acid. The method solves the problems of extrusion swelling and low stress relaxation rate of the butyl rubber during the processing on the premise of ensuring that the hyperbranched butyl rubber has enough crude rubber strength and good air tightness, so that the hyperbranched butyl rubber has good processability. The preparation method has the characteristics of controllable molecular weight and molecular structure, good product processability, suitability for industrial production and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of hyperbranched butyl rubber, in particular to a method for preparing hyperbranched butyl rubber by copolymerizing a styrene/butadiene binary four-arm star-shaped copolymer serving as a grafting agent with isobutene and isoprene.
Background
It is known that Butyl Rubber (IIR) is produced by the cationic polymerization of isobutylene and a small amount of isoprene. Butyl rubber has been commercialized by Exxon corporation in the 40 th century for over seventy years since now, and has excellent properties such as airtightness, damping properties, thermal aging resistance, ozone resistance, and weather resistance, and thus it is widely used in the fields of manufacturing inner tubes, airtight layers, curing bladders, medical stoppers of tires for vehicles, and the like, and is one of the most important synthetic rubber products.
However, the molecular chain of the butyl rubber is mainly composed of carbon-carbon single bonds, the number of double bonds is small, and the substituent methyl groups are symmetrically arranged, so that the defects of high crystallinity, poor flexibility of the molecular chain, low stress relaxation rate, low vulcanization speed, poor adhesiveness, poor compatibility with other general rubbers and the like exist, and the butyl rubber is easy to excessively flow and deform in the processing process. Therefore, how to balance the physical and mechanical properties and the processability of the butyl rubber becomes a bottleneck for preparing high-performance butyl rubber materials.
In recent years, researchers find that star-shaped branched butyl rubber which is composed of a high-molecular-weight graft structure and a low-molecular-weight linear structure and has a unique three-dimensional net structure has excellent viscoelastic performance, high crude rubber strength and a fast stress relaxation rate, low melt viscosity can be kept in a processing process, a high-molecular-weight polymer can be obtained, and balance and unification of physical and mechanical properties and processing properties are realized. Therefore, the star-branched structure has become one of the hot spots in the research field of future butyl rubber.
In the prior art, the star-branched butyl rubber is mainly prepared by a method of a first-nucleus-second-arm method, a first-arm-second-nucleus method and a nuclear-arm simultaneous method. Such as: US5395885 discloses a star-branched polyisobutylene-polydivinylbenzene polymer, which is synthesized by taking polyisobutylene as an arm, Polydivinylbenzene (PDVB) as a core, a complex of aluminium chloride and water as an initiator, and methyl chloride as a diluent through a first-arm-second-core method at-90 ℃ to-100 ℃. CN 107344982 a discloses a method for producing a wide/bimodal molecular weight distribution butyl rubber, which comprises: mixing isobutene and isoprene at a molar ratio of 97:3 to 99:1, then mixing the mixture with a diluent (methane chloride) to obtain a monomer stream, mixing an initiator (an aluminum chloride system and an HCl/alkylaluminum chloride complex) with the diluent (methane chloride) to obtain an initiator stream, mixing the monomer stream and the initiator stream, conveying the mixture into a first loop reactor zone, and carrying out polymerization reaction for 5-10min at a temperature of-98 ℃ to-96 ℃ and a pressure of 0.3 to 0.4MPa to obtain a first part of butyl rubber slurry; secondly, sending the first part of butyl rubber slurry into a second loop reactor zone, and carrying out polymerization reaction for 5-10min at the temperature of-92 ℃ to-90 ℃ and the pressure of 0.1 to 0.2Mpa to finally obtain the butyl rubber slurry with broad/bimodal molecular weight distribution; and thirdly, contacting the butyl rubber slurry with broad/bimodal molecular weight distribution with water, removing unreacted monomers and a diluent to obtain colloidal particle water, and then dehydrating and drying the colloidal particle water to obtain the butyl rubber with broad/bimodal molecular weight distribution and molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn) of at least 5.0. CN1427851A discloses a preparation method of butyl rubber with wide molecular weight distribution. The process uses a mixed catalyst system comprising a mixture of a major amount of an internalized dialkylaluminum, a minor amount of a monoalkylaluminum dihalide, and a minor amount of an aluminoxane to provide a broad distribution butyl rubber having a molecular weight distribution of greater than 3.5 up to 7.6. CN 101353403B publicationA preparation method of star-branched polyisobutylene or butyl rubber is provided, wherein a polystyrene/isoprene block copolymer with a silicon-chlorine group at the terminal or a polystyrene/butadiene block copolymer with a silicon-chlorine group at the terminal is used as a grafting initiating agent for positive ion polymerization, and directly participates in the positive ion polymerization in a mixed solvent with a ratio of methane chloride to cyclohexane v: v of 20-80/80-20 at the temperature of 0-100 ℃, and a star-branched polyisobutylene or butyl rubber product is prepared by the positive ion polymerization initiated by the silicon-chlorine group and the grafting reaction participated by an unsaturated chain. CN01817708.5 provides a method of making star-branched polymers by adding a multiolefin cross-linking agent, such as divinylbenzene, and a chain transfer agent, such as 2,4, 1-trimethyl-1-pentene, to a mixture of isoolefin monomers and diolefin monomers. CN88108392.57 discloses a star-shaped grafted butyl rubber with a comb-shaped structure, which is prepared by using a hydrochloric acid polystyrene-isoprene copolymer as a multifunctional initiator or using polystyrene-butadiene or polystyrene-isoprene as a grafting agent. CN 107793535A provides a butyl rubber having a molecular weight of 90 to 260 ten thousand, Log (MW)>And contains structural units derived from isobutylene, structural units derived from a conjugated diene, and optionally structural units derived from an aryl olefin. US3780002 teaches a composite initiator using a halide of a metal from group II or III of the periodic Table of the elements in combination with a tetrahalide of a metal from group IV of the periodic Table of the elements, e.g. AICl3And TiC14Combined use, or A1C13And SnC14The composite use enables each initiator to independently initiate cationic polymerization, and butyl rubber with molecular weight distribution index Mw/Mn of above 5.0 is synthesized under the conventional butadiene rubber polymerization condition.
CN 101353386A discloses an initiation system for cationic polymerization of star-branched polyisobutylene or butyl rubber, which is composed of an initiation-grafting agent, a coinitiator and a nucleophilic reagent, and is used for initiating vinyl monomers to perform homopolymerization, block copolymerization, star polymerization and graft copolymerization, wherein the obtained polymer presents obvious bimodal distribution. Puskas (Catalysts for manufacturing of IIR with bi-modal molecular weight distribution: US, 5194538[ P ] 1993-3-16.) adopts trimesic acid as raw material to synthesize initiator tri-cumyl alcohol with a three-arm structure, and then adopts a tri-cumyl alcohol/aluminum trichloride initiating system to initiate isobutylene and isoprene to copolymerize in an inert organic solvent under the condition of-120 to-50 ℃ to synthesize star-shaped branched butyl rubber with bi-modal molecular weight distribution. Wieland et al (Synthesis of new graft copolymer polymerization by polymerization of the 1,1-diphenylethylene technology and cationic polymerization [ J ]. Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry, 2002, 40: 3725-co-3733.) synthesized a macroinitiator P (MMA-b-St-co-CMS) containing the three members of 4-chloromethylstyrene, styrene and methyl methacrylate in the presence of 1, 2-Diphenylethylene (DPE) by a radical polymerization method, and then initiated cationic polymerization of isobutylene and isoprene to successfully prepare the multi-arm star butyl rubber. Wubo et al (Davang S H, et al. Ski resistant coatings for air craft carrier decks [ J ]. Coat Technol, 1980, 52 (671): 65-69.) prepared a poly (isoprene-styrene) block copolymer as a grafting agent by living anionic polymerization, and prepared star-branched butyl rubber exhibiting significant bimodal properties by living cationic polymerization in an initiation system of 2-chloro-2, 4, 4-trimethylpentane/titanium tetrachloride/proton scavenger.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of hyperbranched butyl rubber. Firstly, 3, 9-dioxo [5.5] spiro undecane is subjected to halogenation reaction to synthesize a novel tetrahalide coupling agent, and then the novel tetrahalide coupling agent is coupled with a reaction monomer of styrene and butadiene to prepare the binary four-arm star-shaped copolymer. And finally, under a catalytic system compounded by Lewis acid and protonic acid, the binary four-arm star-shaped copolymer is used as a grafting agent to carry out cationic polymerization with isobutene and isoprene to prepare the hyperbranched butyl rubber. The method solves the problems of extrusion swelling and low stress relaxation rate of the butyl rubber during the processing on the premise of ensuring that the hyperbranched butyl rubber has enough crude rubber strength and good air tightness, so that the hyperbranched butyl rubber has good processability. Realizes the balance of the physical and mechanical properties and the processing property of the hyperbranched butyl rubber.
All the percentages in the present invention are percentages by mass.
The preparation of the hyperbranched butyl rubber is carried out in a reaction kettle, and the specific preparation process comprises the following steps:
preparation of grafting agent:
a preparation of a coupling agent: based on one hundred percent of the total mass of the reactants, 4L of the first jacket was charged
Introducing argon into a stainless steel polymerization kettle for replacement for 2-4 times, sequentially adding 100-200% of deionized water, 3, 9-dioxo [5.5] spiro undecane, a halogenating agent and 1-5% of a catalyst into the polymerization kettle, heating to 50-80 ℃, reacting for 1-3 hours, adding 20-40% of NaOH aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 10-20% to terminate the reaction, and finally adding 200-300% of methyl chloride to extract, separate, wash and dry to obtain the coupling agent 1, 5-dihalo-3, 3-di (2-haloethyl) pentane (the yield is 85-95%).
b preparation of grafting agent: according to one hundred percent of the total mass of reaction monomers, firstly introducing argon into a 15L stainless steel polymerization kettle with a jacket for replacement for 2-4 times, sequentially adding 100-200% of solvent, 5-15% of 1, 3-butadiene, 0.03-0.4% of structure regulator and initiator into the polymerization kettle, heating to 40-50 ℃, reacting for 40-70 min to form a BR chain segment, wherein the conversion rate of the 1, 3-butadiene monomer reaches 100%; secondly, sequentially adding 100-300% of solvent, 60-80% of styrene, 20-35% of 1, 3-butadiene and 0.05-0.5% of structure regulator into a polymerization kettle, heating to 60-75 ℃, and reacting for 50-70 min to form a-BR-SBR-chain segment; then adding 2-6% of 1, 3-butadiene into the polymerization kettle for end capping, and reacting for 20-40 min until no free monomer exists to form a-BR-SBR-B-chain segment; and finally, heating to 80-90 ℃, adding a coupling agent for coupling reaction for 50-80 min, treating the coupled reaction mixture with water after the reaction is finished, and performing wet coagulation and drying on the glue solution to obtain the [ -BR-SBR-B- ] nY binary four-arm star polymer.
(2) Preparation of hyperbranched butyl rubber: according to one hundred percent of the total mass of reaction monomers, firstly introducing nitrogen into a 4L stainless steel reaction kettle with a jacket for replacement for 3-5 times, and adding 200-300 percent of diluent/solvent V: the V ratio is 70-30/30-70, the mixed solvent and the grafting agent are 3-7%, and the mixed solvent and the grafting agent are stirred and dissolved for 20-40 min until the grafting agent is completely dissolved; and then cooling to-75 to-85 ℃, sequentially adding 200 to 300 percent of diluent, 80 to 95 percent of isobutene and 5 to 20 percent of isoprene, stirring and mixing until the temperature of the polymerization system is reduced to-100 to-90 ℃, then adding 40 to 70 percent of diluent and 0.1 to 2.0 percent of co-initiator into the polymerization system for stirring and reacting for 1.0 to 3.0 hours after mixing and aging for 20 to 30 minutes at-95 to-85 ℃, discharging and condensing, washing and drying to obtain the hyperbranched butyl rubber product.
The grafting agent is a binary four-arm star polymer [ -BR-SBR-B- ] nY containing [ -BR-SBR-B- ] n block copolymer, and the structural general formula of the grafting agent is shown as formula I:
wherein Y is 3, 3-diethylpentane; BR is a1, 3-butadiene homopolymer block, and the 1, 2-structure content of the BR is 20-30%; the SBR is a styrene and butadiene random block copolymer, wherein the styrene content is 60-75%; b is terminated butadiene, and n is 2-5; the content of 1, 3-butadiene in the binary four-arm star polymer is 25-45%, and the content of styrene is 55-75%; the number average molecular weight (Mn) of the binary four-arm star polymer is 5000-50000, and the molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn) is 5.16-8.34.
The halogenating agent is one of liquid chlorine and liquid bromine, preferably liquid bromine, the dosage of the halogenating agent is determined according to the dosage of the 3, 9-dioxo [5.5] spiroundecane, and the molar ratio of the dosage of the liquid bromine to the 3, 9-dioxo [5.5] spiroundecane is 4.5-6.5.
The catalyst of the invention is HCl-CH3A mixed aqueous solution of OH, wherein the molar concentration of HCl is: 0.1 to 0.7 mol/L.
The structure regulator of the invention is a polar organic compound which generates solvation effect in a polymerization system and can regulate the reactivity ratio of styrene and butadiene so as to ensure that the styrene and the butadiene are randomly copolymerized. Such polar organic compound is selected from one of diethylene glycol dimethyl ether (2G), Tetrahydrofuran (THF), diethyl ether, ethyl methyl ether, anisole, diphenyl ether, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (DME), triethylamine, preferably Tetrahydrofuran (THF).
The initiator is an alkyl monolithium compound, namely RLi, wherein R is a saturated aliphatic alkyl, alicyclic alkyl, aromatic alkyl containing 1-20 carbon atoms or a composite group of the above groups. The alkyl monolithium compound is selected from one of n-butyllithium, sec-butyllithium, methylbutyllithium, phenylbutyllithium, naphthyllithium, cyclohexyllithium and dodecyllithium, preferably n-butyllithium. The amount of organolithium added is determined by the molecular weight of the polymer being designed.
The dosage of the coupling agent is determined according to the amount of the initiator, and the molar ratio of the dosage of the coupling agent to the organic lithium is 1.0-5.0.
The diluent is halogenated alkane, wherein halogen atoms in the halogenated alkane can be chlorine, bromine or fluorine; the number of carbon atoms in the halogenated alkane is C1-C4. The alkyl halide is selected from one of methyl chloride, methylene chloride, carbon tetrachloride, dichloroethane, tetrachloropropane, heptachloropropane, monofluoromethane, difluoromethane, tetrafluoroethane, carbon hexafluoride and fluorobutane, preferably methyl chloride.
The co-initiator is prepared by compounding alkyl aluminum halide and protonic acid according to different proportions. The alkyl aluminum halide is at least one selected from the group consisting of diethylaluminum monochloride, diisobutylaluminum monochloride, methylaluminum dichloroide, ethylaluminum sesquichloride, isobutylaluminum sesquichloride, n-propylaluminum dichloride, isopropylaluminum dichloroide, dimethylaluminum chloride and ethylaluminum chloride, preferably ethylaluminum sesquichloride. The protonic acid is selected from HCI, HF, HBr, H2SO4、H2CO3、H3PO4And HNO3Preferably HCI. Wherein the total addition amount of the coinitiator is 0.1-2.0%, and the molar ratio of the protonic acid to the alkyl aluminum halide is 0.05:1～0.3:1。
The polymerization reaction of the present invention is carried out in an oxygen-free, water-free, preferably inert gas atmosphere. The polymerization and dissolution are carried out in a hydrocarbon solvent, which is a hydrocarbon solvent including straight-chain alkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons and cycloalkanes, and is selected from one of pentane, hexane, octane, heptane, cyclohexane, benzene, toluene, xylene and ethylbenzene, preferably cyclohexane.
The invention firstly treats 3, 9-dioxo [5.5]]The spiro undecane is halogenated to synthesize a novel coupling agent 1, 5-dibromo-3, 3-di (2-bromoethyl) pentane, and then the coupling agent is coupled with the reaction monomer of styrene and butadiene to prepare the binary four-arm star polymer [ -BR-SBR-B-]nY (shown in figure 1), and finally, the binary four-arm star-shaped polymer is used as a grafting agent to be polymerized with isobutene and isoprene under a catalyst system compounded by alkyl aluminum halide and protonic acid to prepare the hyperbranched butyl rubber with ultra-wide molecular weight distribution (shown in figure 2).
The invention combines chain segments of three different microstructures on a macromolecular chain by using a novel coupling agent to form a binary four-arm star-shaped structure, the binary four-arm star-shaped structure effectively destroys the regularity of the molecular chain in the copolymerization of isobutene and isoprene, increases the disorder of the chain segments, obviously widens the molecular weight distribution, ensures that butyl rubber can obtain good viscoelastic property, has fast stress relaxation rate, and improves the processability of the butyl rubber. Meanwhile, the segment of [ -BR-SBR-B- ] n contains a large number of benzene rings, so that the reduction of strength and air tightness caused by the broadening of molecular weight distribution is avoided, and the high strength and good air tightness of the butyl rubber are ensured.
According to the invention, through the design of the binary four-arm star structure, the characteristics of the binary four-arm star structure and the performances of different chain segments are organically combined together and act synergistically, the problem of contradiction between the processability and the physical and mechanical performances of butyl rubber is solved, and the optimal balance between the processability and the physical and mechanical performances of butyl rubber is finally realized. The preparation method provided by the invention has the characteristics of controllable process conditions, stable product performance, suitability for industrial production and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows [ -BR-SBR-B-]nAnd Y is a synthetic route map.
FIG. 2 is a comparison of GPC spectra of # 1-butyl rubber IIR301 samples versus # 2-example 1 samples.
Detailed Description
The following examples and comparative examples are given to illustrate the effects of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to these examples and comparative examples. All the raw materials used in the examples are of industrial polymerization grade, and are used after purification without other special requirements.
The raw material sources are as follows:
styrene, butadiene, Polymer grade, Petroleum Lanzhou petrochemical Co Ltd
Isobutene, isoprene, Polymer grade Zhejiang Credit New materials Co Ltd
N-butyl lithium, 98% purity Nanjing Tongtiang chemical Co., Ltd
3, 9-dioxo [5.5] spiroundecane of 99% purity from Hubei Ferry chemical Co., Ltd
Aluminum sesquiethylate chloride, 98% pure Profenor technologies Ltd
Other reagents are all commercial products
The analysis and test method comprises the following steps:
determination of the molecular weights and their distribution: the measurement was carried out by using 2414 Gel Permeation Chromatograph (GPC) manufactured by Waters corporation, USA. Taking a polystyrene standard sample as a calibration curve, taking tetrahydrofuran as a mobile phase, controlling the column temperature to be 40 ℃, the sample concentration to be 1mg/ml, the sample injection amount to be 50 mu L, the elution time to be 40min and the flow rate to be 1 ml.min < -1 >.
Determination of Mooney viscosity and stress relaxation: adopts GT-7080-S2 model Menni produced by Taiwan high-speed railway company of China
And (5) measuring by a viscometer. The Mooney relaxation time, determined with a large rotor at 125 ℃ C (1+8) according to the method of GB/T1232.1-2000, is 120 s.
Measurement of airtightness: the air permeability was determined using an automated air tightness tester according to ISO 2782:1995,
the test gas is N2, the test temperature is 23 ℃, and the test sample is a circular sea piece with the diameter of 8cm and the thickness is 1 mm.
Tensile strength: the method in standard GB/T528-2009 is executed.
Characterization of the degree of branching: degree of branching-polymer molecular weight after branching/polymer molecular weight before branching.
Example 1
Preparation of grafting agent:
a preparation of a coupling agent: firstly, in a 4L stainless steel polymerization kettle with a jacket, introducing argon gas for 3 times, sequentially adding 500g of deionized water, 50g of 3, 9-dioxo [5.5] spiro undecane, 270g of liquid bromine and 9g of HCl-CH3OH solution (the molar concentration of HCl is 0.3mol/L) into the polymerization kettle, heating to 55 ℃, reacting for 1.5 hours, adding 200g of NaOH aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 15% to terminate the reaction, and finally adding 700g of chloromethane to extract, separate, wash and dry to obtain the coupling agent 1, 5-dibromo-3, 3 bis (2-bromoethyl) pentane (the yield is 90%).
b preparation of grafting agent: firstly, introducing argon into a 15L stainless steel reaction kettle with a jacket for replacement for 2 times, sequentially adding 1850g of cyclohexane, 106g of 1, 3-butadiene, 1.8g of THF and 17.9mmo1 n-butyllithium into the polymerization kettle, heating to 40 ℃, and reacting for 40min to form a BR chain segment; then, 2120g of cyclohexane, 910g of styrene, 356g of 1, 3-butadiene and 2.1g of THF are sequentially added into a polymerization kettle, the temperature is raised to 60 ℃, and the reaction is carried out for 50min to form a-BR-SBR-chain segment; then adding 35g of 1, 3-butadiene into the polymerization kettle, and carrying out end capping reaction for 20min to form a-BR-SBR-B-chain segment; and finally, heating to 80 ℃, adding 25.5 mmols of 11, 5-dibromo-3, 3-di (2-bromoethyl) pentane, reacting for 50min, treating the coupled reaction mixture with water after the reaction is finished, and performing wet coagulation and drying on a glue solution to obtain the binary four-arm star polymer [ -BR-SBR-B- ] nY (Mn is 8560, and Mw/Mn is 5.76).
(2) Preparation of hyperbranched butyl rubber: firstly, introducing nitrogen into a 4L stainless steel reaction kettle with a jacket for replacement for 3 times, adding 650g of methane chloride, 352g of cyclohexane, 17.5g of [ -BR-SBR-B- ] nY grafting agent into the polymerization kettle, and stirring and dissolving for 20min until the grafting agent is completely dissolved; and then cooling to-75 ℃, sequentially adding 1050g of methane chloride, 476g of isobutene and 34g of isoprene, stirring and mixing until the temperature of a polymerization system is reduced to-90 ℃, then mixing 220g of methane chloride, 1.57g of sesquiethylaluminum chloride and 0.079g of HCl at-85 ℃, aging for 20min, then adding the mixture into the polymerization system together, stirring and reacting for 1.0hr, discharging, condensing, washing and drying to obtain the hyperbranched butyl rubber product. Sampling and analyzing: standard test specimens were prepared and the test properties are shown in Table 1.
Example 2
Preparation of grafting agent:
a preparation of a coupling agent: the same as in example 1.
b preparation of grafting agent: firstly, in a 15L stainless steel reaction kettle with a jacket, introducing argon for replacement 3
Adding 2150g of cyclohexane, 156g of 1, 3-butadiene, 3.4g of THF and 21.3mm of 1 n-butyllithium into a polymerization kettle in sequence, heating to 45 ℃, and reacting for 47min to form a BR chain segment; then adding 2810g of cyclohexane, 1030g of styrene, 416g of 1, 3-butadiene and 4.1g of THF into a polymerization kettle in sequence, heating to 65 ℃, and reacting for 55min to form a-BR-SBR-chain segment; then adding 47g of butadiene into the polymerization kettle, and carrying out end capping reaction for 25min to form a-BR-SBR-B-chain segment; and finally heating to 83 ℃, adding 40.3mmo11, 5-dibromo-3, 3-di (2-bromoethyl) pentane, reacting for 60min, treating the coupled reaction mixture with water after the reaction is finished, and performing wet coagulation and drying on a glue solution to obtain the binary four-arm star polymer [ -BR-SBR-B- ] nY (Mn is 10260 and Mw/Mn is 6.36).
(2) Preparation of hyperbranched butyl rubber: firstly, introducing nitrogen into a 4L stainless steel reaction kettle with a jacket for replacement for 3 times, adding 760g of methane chloride, 412g of cyclohexane and 20.6g of [ -BR-SBR-B- ] nY grafting agent into the polymerization kettle, and stirring and dissolving for 27min until the grafting agent is completely dissolved; then cooling to-79 ℃, sequentially adding 1240g of methane chloride, 496g of isobutene and 42g of isoprene, stirring and mixing until the temperature of a polymerization system is reduced to-93 ℃, then mixing 280g of methane chloride, 3.47g of sesquiethylaluminum chloride and 0.1036g of HCl at-88 ℃, aging for 24min, then adding the mixture into the polymerization system together, stirring and reacting for 1.8hr, discharging, condensing, washing and drying to obtain the hyperbranched butyl rubber product. Sampling and analyzing: standard test specimens were prepared and the test properties are shown in Table 1.
Example 3
(1) Preparation of grafting agent:
a preparation of a coupling agent: the same as in example 1.
b preparation of grafting agent: firstly, in a 15L stainless steel reaction kettle with a jacket, introducing argon for replacement 3
Secondly, 2350g of cyclohexane, 173g of 1, 3-butadiene, 4.1g of THF and 23.3mm of 1 n-butyllithium are sequentially added into a polymerization kettle, the temperature is raised to 47 ℃, and the reaction is carried out for 50min to form a BR chain segment; then, 3310g of cyclohexane, 1105g of styrene, 467g of 1, 3-butadiene and 5.3g of THF are sequentially added into a polymerization kettle, the temperature is raised to 67 ℃, and the reaction is carried out for 58min, so as to form a-BR-SBR-chain segment; then adding 52g of butadiene into the polymerization kettle, and carrying out end capping reaction for 28min to form a-BR-SBR-B-chain segment; and finally, heating to 85 ℃, adding 52.3mmo11, 5-dibromo-3, 3-di (2-bromoethyl) pentane, reacting for 65min, treating the coupled reaction mixture with water after the reaction is finished, and performing wet coagulation and drying on the glue solution to obtain the binary four-arm star polymer [ -BR-SBR-B- ] nY (Mn is 11350, and Mw/Mn is 6.78).
(2) Preparation of hyperbranched butyl rubber: firstly, introducing nitrogen into a 4L stainless steel reaction kettle with a jacket for replacement for 3 times, adding 850g of methane chloride, 425g of cyclohexane and 24.7g of [ -BR-SBR-B- ] nY grafting agent into the polymerization kettle, and stirring and dissolving for 30min until the grafting agent is completely dissolved; and then cooling to-80 ℃, sequentially adding 1320g of methane chloride, 506g of isobutene and 51g of isoprene, stirring and mixing until the temperature of a polymerization system is reduced to-95 ℃, then mixing 300g of methane chloride, 5.12g of sesquiethylaluminum chloride and 0.2836g of HCl at-89 ℃, aging for 25min, then adding the mixture into the polymerization system together, stirring and reacting for 2.1hr, discharging, condensing, washing and drying to obtain the highly branched butyl rubber product. Sampling and analyzing: standard test specimens were prepared and the test properties are shown in Table 1.
Example 4
(1) Preparation of grafting agent:
a preparation of a coupling agent: the same as in example 1.
b preparation of grafting agent: firstly, in a 15L stainless steel reaction kettle with a jacket, introducing argon for replacement 3
Secondly, adding 2540g of cyclohexane, 190g of 1, 3-butadiene, 5.2g of THF and 25.1mm of 1 n-butyllithium into a polymerization kettle in sequence, heating to 49 ℃, and reacting for 60min to form a BR chain segment; then sequentially adding 3600g of cyclohexane, 1150g of styrene, 481g of 1, 3-butadiene and 6.2g of THF into the polymerization kettle, heating to 70 ℃, and reacting for 62min to form a-BR-SBR-chain segment; then adding 63g of butadiene into the polymerization kettle, and carrying out end capping reaction for 30min to form a-BR-SBR-B-chain segment; and finally, heating to 85 ℃, adding 55.3mmo11, 5-dibromo-3, 3-di (2-bromoethyl) pentane, reacting for 70min, treating the coupled reaction mixture with water after the reaction is finished, and performing wet coagulation and drying on the glue solution to obtain the binary four-arm star polymer [ -BR-SBR-B- ] nY (Mn is 25120 and Mw/Mn is 7.53).
(2) Preparation of hyperbranched butyl rubber: firstly, introducing nitrogen into a 4L stainless steel reaction kettle with a jacket for replacement for 3 times, adding 760g of methane chloride, 530g of cyclohexane and 29.2g of [ -BR-SBR-B- ] nY grafting agent into the polymerization kettle, and stirring and dissolving for 32min until the grafting agent is completely dissolved; then cooling to-82 ℃, sequentially adding 1410g of methane chloride, 535g of isobutene and 59g of isoprene, stirring and mixing until the temperature of a polymerization system is reduced to-95 ℃, then mixing 310g of methane chloride, 6.13g of sesquiethylaluminum chloride and 0.3036g of HCl at-89 ℃, aging for 28min, then adding the mixture into the polymerization system together, stirring and reacting for 2.5hr, discharging, condensing, washing and drying to obtain the highly branched butyl rubber product. Sampling and analyzing: standard test specimens were prepared and the test properties are shown in Table 1.
Example 5
(1) Preparation of grafting agent:
a preparation of a coupling agent: the same as in example 1.
b preparation of grafting agent: firstly, introducing argon into a 15L stainless steel reaction kettle with a jacket for replacing for 3 times, sequentially adding 2610g of cyclohexane, 205g of 1, 3-butadiene, 5.9g of THF and 28.9mm of 1 n-butyl lithium into a polymerization kettle, heating to 50 ℃, and reacting for 65min to form a BR chain segment; then, 3930g of cyclohexane, 1190g of styrene, 503g of 1, 3-butadiene and 6.7g of THF are sequentially added into the polymerization kettle, the temperature is raised to 72 ℃, and the reaction is carried out for 65min to form a-BR-SBR-chain segment; then adding 70g of butadiene into the polymerization kettle, and carrying out end capping reaction for 35min to form a-BR-SBR-B-chain segment; and finally, heating to 87 ℃, adding 70.3mmo11, 5-dibromo-3, 3-di (2-bromoethyl) pentane, reacting for 75min, treating the coupled reaction mixture with water after the reaction is finished, and performing wet coagulation and drying on a glue solution to obtain the binary four-arm star polymer [ -BR-SBR-B- ] nY (Mn is 30120 and Mw/Mn is 7.96).
(2) Preparation of hyperbranched butyl rubber: firstly, introducing nitrogen into a 4L stainless steel reaction kettle with a jacket for replacement for 3 times, adding 730g of methane chloride, 590g of cyclohexane and 32.1g of [ -BR-SBR-B- ] nY grafting agent into the polymerization kettle, and stirring and dissolving for 35min until the grafting agent is completely dissolved; then cooling to-84 ℃, sequentially adding 1490g of methane chloride, 565g of isobutene and 61g of isoprene, stirring and mixing until the temperature of a polymerization system is reduced to-95 ℃, then mixing 350g of methane chloride, 6.98g of sesquiethylaluminum chloride and 0.4123g of HCl at-89 ℃, aging for 29min, then adding the mixture into the polymerization system together, stirring and reacting for 2.7hr, discharging, condensing, washing and drying to obtain the highly branched butyl rubber product. Sampling and analyzing: standard test specimens were prepared and the test properties are shown in Table 1.
Example 6
(1) Preparation of grafting agent:
a preparation of a coupling agent: firstly, in a 4L stainless steel polymerization kettle with a jacket, introducing argon gas for replacing 4 times, sequentially adding 570g of deionized water, 60g of 3, 9-dioxo [5.5] spiro undecane, 300g of liquid chlorine and 12g of HCl-CH3OH solution (the molar concentration of HCl is 0.7mol/L) into the polymerization kettle, heating to 80 ℃, reacting for 3.0 hours, adding 270g of NaOH aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 20 percent to terminate the reaction, and finally adding 800g of chloromethane to extract, separate, wash and dry to obtain the coupling agent 1, 5-dichloro-3, 3-di (2-chloroethyl) pentane (the yield is 94 percent).
b preparation of grafting agent: firstly, introducing argon into a 15L stainless steel reaction kettle with a jacket for replacing for 4 times, sequentially adding 2790g of cyclohexane, 220g of 1, 3-butadiene, 6.3g of THF and 32.1mmo1 n-butyllithium into a polymerization kettle, heating to 50 ℃, and reacting for 70min to form a BR chain segment; then, 4130g of cyclohexane, 1210g of styrene, 550g of 1, 3-butadiene and 7.5g of THF are sequentially added into a polymerization kettle, the temperature is raised to 75 ℃, and the reaction is carried out for 70min to form a-BR-SBR-chain segment; then adding 80g of butadiene into the polymerization kettle, and carrying out end capping reaction for 40min to form a-BR-SBR-B-chain segment; and finally, heating to 90 ℃, adding 90.5mmo11, 5-dichloro-3, 3-di (2-chloroethyl) pentane, reacting for 80min, treating the coupled reaction mixture with water after the reaction is finished, and performing wet coagulation and drying on a glue solution to obtain the binary four-arm star polymer [ -BR-SBR-B- ] nY (Mn is 40120 and Mw/Mn is 8.25).
(2) Preparation of hyperbranched butyl rubber: firstly, introducing nitrogen into a 4L stainless steel reaction kettle with a jacket for replacement for 5 times, adding 530g of methane chloride and 650g of cyclohexane and 34.5g of [ -BR-SBR-B- ] nY grafting agent into the polymerization kettle, and stirring and dissolving for 40min until the grafting agent is completely dissolved; then cooling to-85 ℃, sequentially adding 1650g of methane chloride, 570g of isobutene and 70g of isoprene, stirring and mixing until the temperature of a polymerization system is reduced to-100 ℃, then mixing 400g of methane chloride, 7.68g of sesquiethylaluminum chloride and 1.0123g of HCl at-95 ℃, aging for 30min, then adding the mixture into the polymerization system together, stirring and reacting for 3.0hr, discharging, condensing, washing and drying to obtain the highly branched butyl rubber product. Sampling and analyzing: standard test specimens were prepared and the test properties are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 1
(1) Preparation of grafting agent:
a preparation of a coupling agent: the same as in example 1.
b preparation of grafting agent: the same as in example 1.
(2) Preparation of hyperbranched butyl rubber: the other conditions were the same as in example 1, except that the amount of the [ -BR-SBR-B- ] nY grafting agent added during the synthesis was 8.5g, namely: firstly, introducing nitrogen into a 4L stainless steel reaction kettle with a jacket for replacement for 3 times, adding 650g of methane chloride, 352g of cyclohexane, 8.5g of [ -BR-SBR-B- ] nY grafting agent into the polymerization kettle, and stirring and dissolving for 20min until the grafting agent is completely dissolved; and then cooling to-75 ℃, sequentially adding 1050g of methane chloride, 476g of isobutene and 34g of isoprene, stirring and mixing until the temperature of a polymerization system is reduced to-90 ℃, then mixing 220g of methane chloride, 1.57g of sesquiethylaluminum chloride and 0.079g of HCl at-85 ℃, aging for 20min, then adding the mixture into the polymerization system together, stirring and reacting for 1.0hr, discharging, condensing, washing and drying to obtain the hyperbranched butyl rubber product. Sampling and analyzing: standard test specimens were prepared and the test properties are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 2
(1) Preparation of grafting agent: the other conditions were the same as in example 2 except that: in the synthesis process, a coupling agent 1, 5-dibromo-3, 3 di (2-bromoethyl) pentane is not added, namely: firstly, introducing argon into a 15L stainless steel reaction kettle with a jacket for replacement for 3 times, sequentially adding 2150g of cyclohexane, 156g of 1, 3-butadiene, 3.4g of THF and 21.3mmo1 n-butyllithium into the polymerization kettle, heating to 45 ℃, and reacting for 47min to form a BR chain segment; then adding 2810g of cyclohexane, 1030g of styrene, 416g of 1, 3-butadiene and 4.1g of THF into a polymerization kettle in sequence, heating to 65 ℃, and reacting for 55min to form a-BR-SBR-chain segment; then adding 47g of butadiene into a polymerization kettle, carrying out end capping reaction for 25min to form a-BR-SBR-B-chain segment, and finally carrying out wet coagulation and drying on the glue solution to obtain the binary single-arm linear polymer [ -BR-SBR-B- ] n (Mn is 6260, Mw/Mn is 1.36).
(2) Preparation of hyperbranched butyl rubber: the other conditions were the same as in example 2 except that: during the synthesis process, no [ -BR-SBR-B- ] nY grafting agent is added, but [ -BR-SBR-B- ] n grafting agent is added, namely: firstly, introducing nitrogen into a 4L stainless steel reaction kettle with a jacket for replacement for 3 times, adding 760g of methane chloride, 412g of cyclohexane and 20.6g of [ -BR-SBR-B- ] n grafting agent into the polymerization kettle, and stirring and dissolving for 27min until the grafting agent is completely dissolved; then cooling to-79 ℃, sequentially adding 1240g of methane chloride, 496g of isobutene and 42g of isoprene, stirring and mixing until the temperature of a polymerization system is reduced to-93 ℃, then mixing 280g of methane chloride, 3.47g of sesquiethylaluminum chloride and 0.1036g of HCl at-88 ℃, aging for 24min, then adding the mixture into the polymerization system together, stirring and reacting for 1.8hr, discharging, condensing, washing and drying to obtain the hyperbranched butyl rubber product. Sampling and analyzing: standard test specimens were prepared and the test properties are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 3
(1) Preparation of grafting agent: the other conditions were the same as in example 3 except that: in the synthesis process, a coupling agent 1, 5-dibromo-3, 3 di (2-bromoethyl) pentane is not added, but a conventional coupling agent silicon tetrachloride is added, namely: firstly, introducing argon into a 15L stainless steel reaction kettle with a jacket for replacement for 3 times, sequentially adding 2350g of cyclohexane, 173g of 1, 3-butadiene, 4.1g of THF and 23.3mmo1 n-butyl lithium into a polymerization kettle, heating to 47 ℃, and reacting for 50min to form a BR chain segment; then, 3310g of cyclohexane, 1105g of styrene, 467g of 1, 3-butadiene and 5.3g of THF are sequentially added into a polymerization kettle, the temperature is raised to 67 ℃, and the reaction is carried out for 58min, so as to form a-BR-SBR-chain segment; then adding 52g of butadiene into the polymerization kettle, and carrying out end capping reaction for 28min to form a-BR-SBR-B-chain segment; and finally, heating to 85 ℃, adding 52.3mmo1 silicon tetrachloride, reacting for 65min, treating the coupled reaction mixture with water after the reaction is finished, and performing wet coagulation and drying on the glue solution to obtain the binary four-arm star polymer [ -BR-SBR-B- ] nY1(Mn is 9350, Mw/Mn is 3.78).
(2) Preparation of hyperbranched butyl rubber: the other conditions were the same as in example 3 except that: during the synthesis process, no grafting agent of [ -BR-SBR-B- ] nY is added, but the grafting agent of [ -BR-SBR-B- ] nY1 is added, namely: firstly, introducing nitrogen into a 4L stainless steel reaction kettle with a jacket for replacement for 3 times, adding 850g of methane chloride, 425g of cyclohexane and 24.7g of [ -BR-SBR-B- ] nY1 grafting agent into the polymerization kettle, and stirring and dissolving for 30min until the grafting agent is completely dissolved; and then cooling to-80 ℃, sequentially adding 1320g of methane chloride, 506g of isobutene and 51g of isoprene, stirring and mixing until the temperature of a polymerization system is reduced to-95 ℃, then mixing 300g of methane chloride, 5.12g of sesquiethylaluminum chloride and 0.2836g of HCl at-89 ℃, aging for 25min, then adding the mixture into the polymerization system together, stirring and reacting for 2.1hr, discharging, condensing, washing and drying to obtain the highly branched butyl rubber product. Sampling and analyzing: standard test specimens were prepared and the test properties are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 4
(1) Preparation of grafting agent:
a preparation of a coupling agent: same as example 4
b preparation of grafting agent: the other conditions were the same as in example 4 except that: 1, 3-butanedioic acid
The olefinic monomers are not added for the first time, no BR segment is formed, i.e.: firstly, introducing argon into a 15L stainless steel reaction kettle with a jacket for replacement for 3 times, sequentially adding 2540g of cyclohexane, 5.2g of THF and 25.1mmo1 n-butyllithium into the polymerization kettle, and heating to 49 ℃; then sequentially adding 3600g of cyclohexane, 1150g of styrene, 481g of 1, 3-butadiene and 6.2g of THF into the polymerization kettle, heating to 70 ℃, and reacting for 62min to form an-SBR-chain segment; then adding 63g of butadiene into the polymerization kettle, and carrying out end capping reaction for 30min to form a-SBR-B-chain segment; and finally, heating to 85 ℃, adding 55.3mmo11, 5-dibromo-3, 3-di (2-bromoethyl) pentane, reacting for 70min, treating the coupled reaction mixture with water after the reaction is finished, and performing wet coagulation and drying on a glue solution to obtain the binary four-arm star polymer [ -SBR-B- ] nY (the Mn is 20203w/Mn is 4.03).
(2) Preparation of hyperbranched butyl rubber: the other conditions were the same as in example 4 except that: during the synthesis process, the grafting agent of [ -BR-SBR-B- ] nY is not added, but the grafting agent of [ -SBR-B- ] nY1 is added, namely: firstly, introducing nitrogen into a 4L stainless steel reaction kettle with a jacket for replacement for 3 times, adding 760g of methane chloride, 530g of cyclohexane, 29.2g of [ -SBR-B- ] nY grafting agent into the polymerization kettle, stirring and dissolving for 32min until the grafting agent is completely dissolved; then cooling to-82 ℃, sequentially adding 1410g of methane chloride, 535g of isobutene and 59g of isoprene, stirring and mixing until the temperature of a polymerization system is reduced to-95 ℃, then mixing 310g of methane chloride, 6.13g of sesquiethylaluminum chloride and 0.3036g of HCl at-89 ℃, aging for 28min, then adding the mixture into the polymerization system together, stirring and reacting for 2.5hr, discharging, condensing, washing and drying to obtain the highly branched butyl rubber product. Sampling and analyzing: standard test specimens were prepared and the test properties are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 5
(1) Preparation of grafting agent:
a preparation of a coupling agent: the same as in example 5.
b preparation of grafting agent: the other conditions were the same as in example 2 except that: without addition of monomers
Styrene, i.e.: firstly, introducing argon into a 15L stainless steel reaction kettle with a jacket for replacing for 3 times, sequentially adding 2610g of cyclohexane, 205g of 1, 3-butadiene, 5.9g of THF and 28.9mm of 1 n-butyl lithium into a polymerization kettle, heating to 50 ℃, and reacting for 65min to form a BR chain segment; then, 3930g of cyclohexane, 503g of 1, 3-butadiene and 6.7g of THF are sequentially added into the polymerization kettle, the temperature is raised to 72 ℃, and the reaction is carried out for 65min to form a-BR-BR 1-chain segment; then adding 70g of butadiene into the polymerization kettle, and carrying out end capping reaction for 35min to form a-BR-BR 1-B-chain segment; and finally, heating to 87 ℃, adding 70.3mmo11, 5-dibromo-3, 3-di (2-bromoethyl) pentane, reacting for 75min, treating the coupled reaction mixture with water after the reaction is finished, and performing wet coagulation and drying on the glue solution to obtain the binary four-arm star polymer [ -BR-BR1-B- ] nY (Mn is 12360, and Mw/Mn is 4.96).
(2) Preparation of hyperbranched butyl rubber: the other conditions were the same as in example 5 except that: during the synthesis process, no [ -BR-SBR-B- ] nY grafting agent is added, but the [ -BR-BR1-B- ] nY grafting agent is added, namely: firstly, introducing nitrogen into a 4L stainless steel reaction kettle with a jacket for replacement for 3 times, adding 730g of methane chloride, 590g of cyclohexane and 32.1g of [ -BR-BR1-B- ] nY grafting agent into the polymerization kettle, and stirring and dissolving for 35min until the grafting agent is completely dissolved; then cooling to-84 ℃, sequentially adding 1490g of methane chloride, 565g of isobutene and 61g of isoprene, stirring and mixing until the temperature of a polymerization system is reduced to-95 ℃, then mixing 350g of methane chloride, 6.98g of sesquiethylaluminum chloride and 0.4123g of HCl at-89 ℃, aging for 29min, then adding the mixture into the polymerization system together, stirring and reacting for 2.7hr, discharging, condensing, washing and drying to obtain the highly branched butyl rubber product. Sampling and analyzing: standard test specimens were prepared and the test properties are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 6
(1) Preparation of grafting agent:
a preparation of a coupling agent: the same as in example 6.
b preparation of grafting agent: the other conditions were the same as in example 6 except that: non-synthetic SBR
A segment, namely: firstly, introducing argon into a 15L stainless steel reaction kettle with a jacket for replacing for 4 times, sequentially adding 2790g of cyclohexane, 220g of 1, 3-butadiene, 6.3g of THF and 32.1mmo1 n-butyllithium into a polymerization kettle, heating to 50 ℃, and reacting for 70min to form a BR chain segment; then adding 80g of butadiene into the polymerization kettle, and carrying out end capping reaction for 40min to form a-BR-B-chain segment; and finally, heating to 90 ℃, adding 90.5mmo11, 5-dichloro-3, 3-di (2-chloroethyl) pentane, reacting for 80min, treating the coupled reaction mixture with water after the reaction is finished, and performing wet coagulation and drying on a glue solution to obtain the binary four-arm star polymer [ -BR-B- ] nY (Mn is 12120 and Mw/Mn is 4.39).
(2) Preparation of hyperbranched butyl rubber: the other conditions were the same as in example 6 except that: during the synthesis process, no [ -BR-SBR-B- ] nY grafting agent is added, but the [ -BR-B- ] nY grafting agent is added, namely: firstly, introducing nitrogen into a 4L stainless steel reaction kettle with a jacket for replacement for 5 times, adding 530g of methane chloride and 650g of cyclohexane and 34.5g of [ -BR-SBR-B- ] nY grafting agent into the polymerization kettle, and stirring and dissolving for 40min until the grafting agent is completely dissolved; then cooling to-85 ℃, sequentially adding 1650g of methane chloride, 570g of isobutene and 70g of isoprene, stirring and mixing until the temperature of a polymerization system is reduced to-100 ℃, then mixing 400g of methane chloride, 7.68g of sesquiethylaluminum chloride and 1.0123g of HCl at-95 ℃, aging for 30min, then adding the mixture into the polymerization system together, stirring and reacting for 3.0hr, discharging, condensing, washing and drying to obtain the highly branched butyl rubber product. Sampling and analyzing: standard test specimens were prepared and the test properties are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 Properties of the hyperbranched butyl rubbers
As can be seen from Table 1: the hyperbranched butyl rubber has higher branching degree and wider molecular weight distribution, so that the Mooney relaxation area is small, the good processability is shown, and meanwhile, the hyperbranched butyl rubber has good air tightness and high tensile strength.
The present invention is capable of other embodiments, and various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (16)
1. A preparation method of hyperbranched butyl rubber is characterized in that the preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of grafting agent:
a. preparation of a coupling agent: according to the percentage of the total mass of reactants, firstly, introducing argon into a polymerization kettle with a jacket for replacement for 2-4 times, sequentially adding 100-200% of deionized water, 3, 9-dioxo [5.5] spiro undecane, a halogenating agent and 1-5% of a catalyst into the polymerization kettle, heating to 50-80 ℃, reacting for 1-3 hours, adding 20-40% of NaOH aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 10-20% to terminate the reaction, and finally adding 200-300% of methane chloride for extraction, separation, washing and drying to obtain a coupling agent;
b. preparation of grafting agent: according to the total mass percentage of reaction monomers, firstly introducing argon into a polymerization kettle with a jacket for replacement for 2-4 times, sequentially adding 100-200% of solvent, 5-15% of 1, 3-butadiene, 0.03-0.4% of structure regulator and initiator into the polymerization kettle, heating to 40-50 ℃, and reacting for 40-70 min; secondly, sequentially adding 100-300% of solvent, 60-80% of styrene, 20-35% of 1, 3-butadiene and 0.05-0.5% of structure regulator into a polymerization kettle, heating to 60-75 ℃, and reacting for 50-70 min; then adding 2-6% of 1, 3-butadiene into the polymerization kettle for end capping, and reacting for 20-40 min until no free monomer exists; finally, heating to 80-90 ℃, adding a coupling agent for coupling reaction for 50-80 min, treating the coupled reaction mixture with water after the reaction is finished, and performing wet coagulation and drying on glue solution to obtain a grafting agent;
(2) preparation of hyperbranched butyl rubber: according to the total mass percentage of reaction monomers, firstly introducing nitrogen into a reaction kettle with a jacket for replacing for 3-5 times, adding 200-300% of a diluent/solvent mixed solvent with the volume ratio of 70-30/30-70 and 3-7% of a grafting agent into a polymerization kettle, stirring and dissolving for 20-40 min until the grafting agent is completely dissolved; and then cooling to-75 to-85 ℃, sequentially adding 200-300% of diluent, 80-95% of isobutene and 5-20% of isoprene, stirring and mixing until the temperature of a polymerization system is reduced to-100 to-90 ℃, then adding 40-70% of diluent and 0.1-2.0% of co-initiator into the polymerization system for stirring and reacting for 1.0-3.0 hr after mixing and aging for 20-30 min at-95 to-85 ℃, discharging and coagulating, washing and drying to obtain the hyperbranched butyl rubber product.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein said grafting agent is a composition comprising [ -BR-SBR-B-]nBinary four-arm star polymer of block copolymer: [ -BR-SBR-B-]nY, the structural general formula is shown as formula I:
wherein Y is 3, 3-diethylpentane; BR is a1, 3-butadiene homopolymer block, and the 1, 2-structure content of the BR is 20-30 percent; SBR is a styrene and butadiene random block copolymer, wherein the styrene content is 60 to 75 percent; b is terminated butadiene, and n is 2-5.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the binary four-arm star polymer has a1, 3-butadiene content of 25% to 45% and a styrene content of 55% to 75%.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the binary four-arm star polymer has a number average molecular weight of 5000 to 50000 and a ratio of weight average molecular weight to number average molecular weight of 5.16 to 8.34.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the halogenating agent is one of liquid chlorine and liquid bromine.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein said halogenating agent is liquid bromine.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the molar ratio of the amount of liquid bromine to the amount of 3, 9-dioxo [5.5] spiroundecane is 4.5 to 6.5.
8. The process of claim 1 wherein the catalyst is HCl-CH3A mixed aqueous solution of OH, wherein the molar concentration of HCl is: 0.1 to 0.7 mol/L.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the structure modifier is selected from the group consisting of diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether, ethyl methyl ether, anisole, diphenyl ether, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, and triethylamine.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the initiator is selected from the group consisting of n-butyllithium, sec-butyllithium, methylbutyllithium, phenylbutyllithium, lithium naphthalide, cyclohexyllithium, and dodecyllithium.
11. The method of claim 1 wherein said initiator is n-butyllithium.
12. The method of claim 1, wherein the diluent is selected from the group consisting of methyl chloride, methylene chloride, carbon tetrachloride, dichloroethane, tetrachloropropane, heptachloropropane, fluoromethane, difluoromethane, tetrafluoroethane, carbon hexafluoride, and fluorobutane.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein the diluent is methyl chloride.
14. The method according to claim 1, wherein the co-initiator is prepared by compounding an alkyl aluminum halide and a protonic acid according to different proportions, and the molar ratio of the protonic acid to the alkyl aluminum halide is 0.05: 1-0.3: 1.
15. The method of claim 14 wherein the alkyl aluminum halide is selected from the group consisting of diethylaluminum monochloride, diisobutylaluminum monochloride, methylaluminum dichloroide, ethylaluminum sesquichloride, isobutylaluminum sesquichloride, n-propylaluminum dichloride, diisopropylaluminum dichloride, dimethylaluminum chloride and ethylaluminum chloride.
16. The method of claim 14, wherein the protic acid is selected from the group consisting of HCI, HF, HBr, H2SO4、H2CO3、H3PO4And HNO3One kind of (1).
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| CN110845650A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-02-28 | 北京石油化工学院 | Slurry polymerization method for preparing bimodal distribution star-shaped branched butyl rubber by using terminal imino functionalized macromolecular branching agent |
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