CN113489279A - Lightweight simulation method for linear motor - Google Patents

Lightweight simulation method for linear motor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113489279A
CN113489279A CN202110550915.XA CN202110550915A CN113489279A CN 113489279 A CN113489279 A CN 113489279A CN 202110550915 A CN202110550915 A CN 202110550915A CN 113489279 A CN113489279 A CN 113489279A
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linear motor
lightweight
finite element
weight reduction
model
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CN113489279B (en
Inventor
李伟业
陈财
罗英露
冯守智
黄德聪
黄直峰
龙小礼
李奎
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Xiangyang CRRC Electric Machinery Co Ltd
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Xiangyang CRRC Electric Machinery Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K41/00Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
    • H02K41/02Linear motors; Sectional motors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P23/00Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by a control method other than vector control
    • H02P23/14Estimation or adaptation of motor parameters, e.g. rotor time constant, flux, speed, current or voltage
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P25/00Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
    • H02P25/02Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
    • H02P25/06Linear motors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P6/00Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
    • H02P6/34Modelling or simulation for control purposes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Linear Motors (AREA)
  • Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a lightweight simulation method for a linear motor, which comprises the following steps: s1, building a 2D finite element simulation model of the linear motor by using finite element simulation software; s2, acquiring an electromagnetic field density distribution cloud picture of the linear motor model in a rated state; s3, analyzing a magnetic density distribution cloud chart of the linear motor model, and carrying out lightweight processing on the linear motor model; s4, building a lightweight linear motor 2D finite element simulation model; and S5, analyzing the operation data of the linear motor model before and after weight reduction under the same working condition. The method for simulating the lightweight of the linear motor provided by the invention starts from the angles of an electromagnetic field and a motor structure, utilizes finite element simulation software to carry out electromagnetic analysis on the linear motor, realizes weight reduction of the motor by improving the yoke part structure of the primary iron core, and obviously improves the utilization rate of the primary iron core after the lightweight. The invention ensures that the structure of the linear motor is more reasonable and the performance is improved.

Description

Lightweight simulation method for linear motor
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of motor weight reduction, and particularly relates to a lightweight simulation method for a linear motor.
Background
The unilateral linear induction motor is widely applied to urban rail transit due to the advantages of simple structure, small turning radius, strong climbing capability, low noise and the like, and the unilateral linear induction motor adopts the motor with the structure type in the Guangzhou subway 4, 5 and 6 lines, the Beijing airport field line, the Beijing S1 line, the Changsha airport field line, the Qingyuan tourism special line and the like. The medium-low speed maglev train is generally composed of 3-6 carriages, and each carriage is provided with 10 unilateral linear induction motors. The linear motor is one of the key parts of medium and low speed magnetic suspension train, and its weight plays a decisive role in the running performance of magnetic suspension train. The linear motor is designed to be small and light, so that the bearing capacity of the train can be effectively increased, and the noise generated in the running process of the train can be effectively reduced.
At present, the design aiming at the light weight of the motor mainly starts from the aspects of materials, electromagnetism, mechanical structures and the like. The bear exceeds 2012, a 6W @80K pneumatic split type Stirling refrigeration linear compressor with a light-weight structure design is provided, and the weight of the whole compressor is only 5.5 kg; although the weight is effectively reduced, the motor structure after the weight is lightened is more complex. Osawa S in 2010 proposes to realize lightweight design by changing the materials of a primary core and a winding of a linear induction motor. Although the weight of the motor is significantly reduced, the manufacturing cost of the motor is greatly increased compared to the prior art. Zhang X et al propose a brand-new surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous rotating motor lightweight structure in 2020 to solve the problem that a solar aircraft driving motor is difficult to meet the requirement of high torque density. Fang Bimi carried out weight reduction and noise reduction analysis and research on urban rail vehicle traction motors from main structure and working principle in 2020. A novel coreless rotor winding magnetic resonance coupling motor is proposed in 2018 by K.Sakai and K.Takijima, wireless power transmission can be realized due to electromagnetic resonance between a stator and a rotor winding, a rotor core can be omitted, and the motor is made to be ultra-light; although very light in weight, the working principle is complex. The temperature of the speed reducer, which is reduced by the servo motor of the industrial robot, is considered in 2020 by Zhu Qio, and the electromagnetic scheme of the motor is optimized by improving the heat load of the motor, so that the electromagnetic lightweight design of the motor is realized. In 2016, axial permanent magnet synchronous rotating motors used by high-altitude wind generating sets are researched for light weight in aspects of electricity, heat, structure and the like. On the basis that a permanent magnet wheel type axial gap motor stator core is an open slot in 2017, Takahashi T proposes that a semi-closed slot is adopted to effectively reduce the size and weight of a motor; although the effect is remarkable, the difficulty of iron core processing is increased. In the year 2020, the purposes of reducing the weight, reducing the cost and shortening the production period of the motor are achieved by comprehensively optimizing the mechanical structure, the cooling type, the electromagnetic scheme and the like of the motor of the synchronous ball mill. Zhang Kun carries out lightweight design to 3MW permanent magnet wind generating set outer rotor structure in 2020, subtracts 4799kg through lightweight design back structure is whole, accounts for 26.5% of total weight. The above-described prior art is designed to reduce the weight based on the motor material, electromagnetism, mechanical structure, and the like, but the above-described prior art is only studied on the rotating electric machine, and the study on the reduction of the weight of the linear electric machine is rare.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a linear motor lightweight simulation method which is simple and convenient to operate, high in treatment efficiency, remarkable in lightweight effect and high in accuracy.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a linear motor lightweight simulation method comprises the following steps:
s1, building a 2D finite element simulation model of the linear motor by using finite element simulation software;
s2, acquiring an electromagnetic field density distribution cloud picture of the linear motor model in a rated state;
s3, analyzing a magnetic density distribution cloud chart of the linear motor model, and carrying out lightweight processing on the linear motor model;
s4, building a lightweight linear motor 2D finite element simulation model;
and S5, analyzing the operation data of the linear motor model before and after weight reduction under the same working condition.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S1, a linear motor is designed into a 2D finite element simulation model according to the structural parameters, wherein the linear motor comprises a primary iron core, a primary winding and a composite secondary.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the primary core includes a yoke portion, and the weight parameter of the primary core and the height parameter of the yoke portion are obtained from the structural parameters of the linear motor.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S3, the portion of the primary core having a magnetic density of 0 at the yoke portion is subjected to a weight reduction process.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S5, the operation data includes: electromagnetic properties, force properties, and primary core losses.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the step S5 includes:
s501, in a rated state, performing electromagnetic characteristic analysis on the linear motor 2D finite element simulation models before and after the weight reduction, which are set up in the step S1 and the step S4, to obtain air gap flux density distribution maps of the linear motor models before and after the weight reduction;
s502, three-phase symmetrical alternating current is introduced into a primary winding of the linear motor to obtain a curve that thrust and normal force of the linear motor before and after light weight change along with the change of the running speed under the conditions of the same current and different frequencies;
and S503, the primary winding of the linear motor is electrified with current of rated frequency, and curves of loss of the primary iron core of the linear motor changing along with time before and after the linear motor is lightened are obtained.
As a further improvement of the invention, the finite element simulation software is Ansoft
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
according to the light weight simulation method of the linear motor, finite element simulation software is adopted to analyze the electromagnetic field distribution of the linear motor, and the part with the magnetic density of 0 on the yoke part of the linear motor is obtained, so that whether the part capable of realizing light weight exists on the yoke part of the linear motor can be visually seen, and the workload is obviously reduced. And because the finite element calculation has the characteristic of high precision, the electromagnetic characteristics, the force characteristics, the loss and the like of the front and rear linear motors with light weight can be quickly compared by utilizing finite element simulation software, and the utilization rate of the primary iron core with light weight is obviously improved before being improved. The invention realizes high-precision calculation by utilizing finite element calculation, improves the working efficiency of linear motor design, ensures that the structure of the linear motor is more reasonable, and obviously improves the performance.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a linear motor lightweight simulation method according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structural principle of the linear motor before weight reduction.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structural principle of the primary core before weight reduction.
Fig. 4 is a cloud of magnetic density distribution of the primary core before weight reduction.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structural principle of the primary core after weight reduction.
Fig. 6 is a cloud of magnetic density distribution of the primary core after weight reduction.
Fig. 7 is a comparison of air gap flux densities of the lightweight front and rear linear motors.
Fig. 8 is a thrust comparison diagram of the lightweight front and rear linear motors.
Fig. 9 is a comparison of normal suction forces of the lightweight front and rear linear motors.
Fig. 10 is a graph showing a comparison of primary core losses of the linear motor before and after weight reduction.
Illustration of the drawings: 1. a primary iron core; 11. a yoke portion; 2. a primary winding; 3. an aluminum plate; 4. and (3) a steel plate.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and specific preferred embodiments of the description, without thereby limiting the scope of protection of the invention.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, the method for simulating the lightweight of the linear motor according to the present invention includes the steps of: s1, building a linear motor 2D finite element simulation model by using Ansoft finite element simulation software. Specifically, a unilateral short-stage structure model of the 2D medium-low speed magnetic levitation linear motor is built by utilizing finite element simulation software according to the main structure size of the linear motor. As shown in fig. 2, the linear motor mainly includes a primary core 1, a primary winding 2, and a composite secondary, wherein the composite secondary is composed of an aluminum plate 3 and a steel plate 4.
And S2, acquiring an electromagnetic field density distribution cloud picture of the linear motor model in a rated state by using finite element simulation software. In this embodiment, the conditions of the rated state are: the current I is 340A, the frequency f is 37.7Hz, and the speed v is 40 km/h. It can be understood that the rated states of different types of linear motors are different, and the corresponding rated states can be set according to the types of the linear motors in the test process.
And S3, analyzing the magnetic density distribution cloud chart of the linear motor model by using finite element simulation software, and carrying out lightweight processing on the linear motor model according to the display result of the magnetic density distribution chart. It can be understood that the magnetic density distribution cloud picture of the linear motor model can be directly obtained through Ansoft finite element simulation software, and the method is accurate and efficient.
And S4, building a lightweight linear motor 2D finite element simulation model by using finite element simulation software. In the embodiment, from the electromagnetic angle, the linear motor is designed in a light weight mode, a finite element simulation software is used for building a 2D linear motor finite element simulation model for carrying out light weight processing on the yoke, and the simulation model only carries out light weight improvement on the structure of the yoke 11 on the basis of not changing the main size of the linear motor and the form of the primary winding 2.
And S5, analyzing the running data of the linear motor model before and after weight reduction, such as electromagnetic characteristics, force characteristics, primary iron core 1 loss and the like under the same working condition by using finite element simulation software.
As shown in fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the primary core 1 includes a yoke portion 11. It is found from the structural parameters of the linear motor that the weight of the primary core before the weight reduction process is not performed is 120kg, and the overall height of the yoke portion 11 is uniform to 32 mm. As is apparent from comparison between fig. 3 and 5, the structure of the yoke portion 11 of the primary core 1 before and after weight reduction is changed, the yoke portion 11 after weight reduction is concave-convex, and the height of the convex portion is still 32mm although the convex portion has through holes.
In step S3 of the present embodiment, the weight reduction process is mainly performed on the portion of the primary core 1 having a magnetic density of 0 at the yoke portion 11. As shown in fig. 4 a, the yoke 11 not subjected to the weight reduction process has a plurality of portions having a magnetic density of 0, and the magnetic density of the entire yoke 11 is only 0.5T. As shown in fig. 6, the yoke portion 11 subjected to the weight reduction treatment has almost no portion having a magnetic density of 0 in a rated state, and the magnetic density of the entire yoke portion 11 is increased to 0.75T, which is 50% higher than that before the treatment, and it is also explained that the utilization rate of the primary core 1 is improved.
In this embodiment, the detailed step of step S5 includes:
and S501, in a rated state, performing electromagnetic characteristic analysis on the linear motor 2D finite element simulation models before and after the weight reduction, which are set up in the step S1 and the step S4, and obtaining air gap flux density distribution maps of the linear motor models before and after the weight reduction. As shown in fig. 7, in the rated state, the air gap flux density of the linear motor after the weight reduction is increased by 20mT before the amplitude is lighter. It can be understood that, in the test simulation process, the magnetic force line distribution diagram and the secondary induction plate eddy current distribution diagram of the linear motor before and after the weight reduction can be obtained, and the effect of the weight reduction of the linear motor can be reflected more comprehensively.
S502, three-phase symmetrical alternating current of 340A and 10-60 Hz is conducted into the primary winding of the linear motor, and a curve that thrust and normal force of the linear motor change along with the running speed under the conditions of the same current and different frequencies before and after the linear motor is light in weight is obtained. As shown in fig. 8, under different frequency conditions, the thrust of the linear motor firstly increases with the increase of the speed, and rapidly decreases after reaching the maximum thrust point, and the thrust of the linear motor before and after being lightened basically remains unchanged, thereby indicating that the linear motor after being lightened can still meet the use requirement well. As shown in fig. 9, under different frequency conditions, the normal suction force of the linear motor increases with the increase of the speed, and the weight of the yoke part of the motor is reduced due to the light weight treatment, so that the normal suction force is reduced, and the stability of the suspension control system is improved.
And S503, supplying current with the I being 340A, f being 37.7Hz to the primary winding of the linear motor, and obtaining curves of the loss of the primary iron core of the linear motor changing along with time before and after weight reduction. As shown in fig. 10, the core loss curves of the linear motor before and after weight reduction tend to be smooth after 200ms, the core loss of the linear motor before weight reduction is 74.2W, while the core loss of the linear motor after weight reduction is 63.7W, and the core loss before weight reduction is reduced by 14% mainly due to the reduction of the material usage of the core yoke portion.
According to the light-weight simulation method for the linear motor, finite element simulation software is adopted to analyze the electromagnetic field distribution of the linear motor, the part with the magnetic density of 0 on the yoke part of the linear motor is obtained, whether the part capable of achieving light-weight exists on the yoke part of the linear motor can be visually seen, and the design workload of the linear motor is obviously reduced on the basis that the main size of the linear motor and the form of the primary winding 2 are not changed. And because the finite element calculation has the characteristic of high precision, characteristic data such as electromagnetic characteristics, force characteristics, loss and the like of the front and rear linear motors with light weight can be quickly compared by utilizing finite element simulation software, and the utilization rate of the primary iron core with light weight is obviously improved before improvement. The embodiment realizes high-precision calculation by utilizing finite element calculation, improves the working efficiency of linear motor design, thereby being beneficial to processing the linear motor with high quality, good quality and less material consumption, and improving the product quality, stability and production efficiency of the linear motor.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the disclosed embodiments, or equivalent modifications, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, using the methods and techniques disclosed above. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent replacement, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are still within the scope of the protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A linear motor lightweight simulation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, building a 2D finite element simulation model of the linear motor by using finite element simulation software;
s2, acquiring an electromagnetic field density distribution cloud picture of the linear motor model in a rated state;
s3, analyzing a magnetic density distribution cloud chart of the linear motor model, and carrying out lightweight processing on the linear motor model;
s4, building a lightweight linear motor 2D finite element simulation model;
and S5, analyzing the operation data of the linear motor model before and after weight reduction under the same working condition.
2. The method for simulating weight reduction of a linear motor according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the linear motor is designed into a 2D finite element simulation model according to the structural parameters, and the linear motor comprises a primary core, a primary winding and a composite secondary.
3. The method for simulating the weight reduction of the linear motor according to claim 2, wherein the primary core includes a yoke portion, and the weight parameter of the primary core and the height parameter of the yoke portion are obtained from the structural parameters of the linear motor.
4. The method for simulating weight reduction of a linear motor according to claim 3, wherein in step S3, a portion of the primary core having a magnetic density of 0 at a yoke portion thereof is subjected to weight reduction processing.
5. The linear motor lightweight simulation method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein in step S5, the operation data includes: electromagnetic properties, force properties, and primary core losses.
6. The method for simulating linear motor light weight according to claim 5, wherein step S5 includes:
s501, in a rated state, performing electromagnetic characteristic analysis on the linear motor 2D finite element simulation models before and after the weight reduction, which are set up in the step S1 and the step S4, to obtain air gap flux density distribution maps of the linear motor models before and after the weight reduction;
s502, three-phase symmetrical alternating current is introduced into a primary winding of the linear motor to obtain a curve that thrust and normal force of the linear motor before and after light weight change along with the change of the running speed under the conditions of the same current and different frequencies;
and S503, the primary winding of the linear motor is electrified with current of rated frequency, and curves of loss of the primary iron core of the linear motor changing along with time before and after the linear motor is lightened are obtained.
7. The linear motor lightweight simulation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the finite element simulation software is Ansoft.
CN202110550915.XA 2021-05-19 2021-05-19 Linear motor light simulation method Active CN113489279B (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102013785A (en) * 2010-11-23 2011-04-13 江苏大学 Thrust optimization design method for tubular permanent magnet synchronous linear motor
CN104079134A (en) * 2014-07-14 2014-10-01 西北工业大学 Lightweight high-power permanent magnet brushless DC motor rotor for airborne equipment
CN106451858A (en) * 2016-12-16 2017-02-22 合肥巨动力系统有限公司 Light-weight motor rotor iron core and design method of lightening hole thereof
CN108322004A (en) * 2018-02-26 2018-07-24 东南大学 A kind of lightweight permanent magnet synchronous motor with high-power density
CN109818466A (en) * 2019-03-19 2019-05-28 上海电气风电集团有限公司 Manufacturing method, rotor and the motor of rotor
CN111313582A (en) * 2020-03-27 2020-06-19 东华大学 Small high-speed three-phase asynchronous motor and design method
CN111737816A (en) * 2020-06-02 2020-10-02 南京航空航天大学 Lightweight design method of non-inflatable explosion-proof wheel

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102013785A (en) * 2010-11-23 2011-04-13 江苏大学 Thrust optimization design method for tubular permanent magnet synchronous linear motor
CN104079134A (en) * 2014-07-14 2014-10-01 西北工业大学 Lightweight high-power permanent magnet brushless DC motor rotor for airborne equipment
CN106451858A (en) * 2016-12-16 2017-02-22 合肥巨动力系统有限公司 Light-weight motor rotor iron core and design method of lightening hole thereof
CN108322004A (en) * 2018-02-26 2018-07-24 东南大学 A kind of lightweight permanent magnet synchronous motor with high-power density
CN109818466A (en) * 2019-03-19 2019-05-28 上海电气风电集团有限公司 Manufacturing method, rotor and the motor of rotor
CN111313582A (en) * 2020-03-27 2020-06-19 东华大学 Small high-speed three-phase asynchronous motor and design method
CN111737816A (en) * 2020-06-02 2020-10-02 南京航空航天大学 Lightweight design method of non-inflatable explosion-proof wheel

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