CN113488745A - Laser welding process for positive pole lug of soft package lithium ion power battery - Google Patents
Laser welding process for positive pole lug of soft package lithium ion power battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN113488745A CN113488745A CN202110627302.1A CN202110627302A CN113488745A CN 113488745 A CN113488745 A CN 113488745A CN 202110627302 A CN202110627302 A CN 202110627302A CN 113488745 A CN113488745 A CN 113488745A
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 191
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001138 tear Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
- H01M50/533—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the leads or tabs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/346—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
- H01M50/536—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the method of fixing the leads to the electrodes, e.g. by welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/36—Electric or electronic devices
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a soft package lithium ion power battery anode tab laser welding process, which belongs to the field of lithium ion batteries and comprises S1 ultrasonic prewelding, wherein a plurality of layers of foils are welded to form a whole; s2, welding the tabs on the foil whole finished in the step S1 by laser welding, wherein the lower ends of the tabs are arranged on one side of the upper end of the foil whole, the tabs and the foil whole are tightly pressed without gaps, a laser welding spot penetrates through the whole foil from the tabs, and a welding spot is formed on the surface of one side of the foil far away from the tabs; the welding is arranged into at least two rows to form a welding area, the area of welding spots on the welding back surface is smaller than that of welding spots on the welding surface, the welding spots form a molten pool with a U-shaped section, and the molten pool forms the lowest layer of the foil. The invention has smooth surface of the welded workpiece, enough welding tension, higher welding qualification rate and strong overcurrent capacity of the battery cell.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of lithium ion batteries, relates to a lithium ion battery of a new energy automobile, and particularly relates to a soft package lithium ion power battery anode tab laser welding process.
Background
At present in the soft packet of core package utmost point ear welding process of lithium ion, what use the welding mode to adopt is ultrasonic bonding, but ultrasonic bonding foil and utmost point ear often take place following problem: the welding cold joint has excessive through-welding burr, insufficient tension and unstable foil covering amount. The resistance that will cause electric core like this is big, and the heavy current is filled and is charged the electricity core and generate heat great, also has very big influence to the battery package moreover, and the vehicle often takes place phenomenons such as the nest of lying prone, all brings harmful effects for the preparation of electric core and the use of battery. Therefore, the development of a reliable welding process is a necessary procedure for ensuring the quality of the lithium ion power battery cell.
Present ultrasonic bonding is welded in advance, also called ultrasonic wave utmost point ear welding, ultrasonic bonding is friction weld, the welding produces the dust easily, welding head welding seat easily wears and teares, after welding head welding seat wearing and tearing, influence welding quality again, and current welding process is unstable, the quality hidden danger can't be avoided in the production process always, therefore electric core qualification rate is not high always, because of the unable detection of welding quality, often just the discovery problem back in the group battery use, electric core normal use has directly been influenced, bring bad experience for car owner user.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of providing a laser welding process for the positive electrode tab of the soft package lithium ion power battery, wherein the surface of a welded workpiece is smooth, the welding tension is large enough, the welding qualification rate is high, and the overcurrent capacity of a battery cell is high.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the laser welding process for the positive pole lug of the soft package lithium ion power battery comprises the following steps,
s1, ultrasonic pre-welding, and welding the multiple layers of foils to form a whole;
s2, welding the tabs on the foil whole finished in the step S1 by laser welding, wherein the lower ends of the tabs are arranged on one side of the upper end of the foil whole, the tabs and the foil whole are tightly pressed without gaps, a laser welding spot penetrates through the whole foil from the tabs, and a welding spot is formed on the surface of one side of the foil far away from the tabs;
the welding is arranged into at least two rows to form a welding area, the area of welding spots on the welding back surface is smaller than that of welding spots on the welding surface, a plurality of welding spots form a molten pool with a U-shaped section, and the molten pool forms the lowest layer of the foil.
Further, in step S1, the number of the foil layers for ultrasonic welding is 16-40, the thickness of each foil layer is 12um or the total thickness of the foil layers is 192um to 480 um.
Furthermore, the ultrasonic pre-welding area is more than the following parameter range, the length is 50mm, and the width is 3-10 mm.
Further, in step S2, the tab has a thickness of 0.3mm to 0.5 mm.
Further, in step S2, the laser welding is laser pulse welding, and the welding spot area of the welding back side is 20% to 80% of the welding spot area of the welding surface.
Furthermore, the front surface is welded by laser, the upper surface of the lug is smooth and has no bulge, a welding spot with the surface being 1mm in size and 50um in depth is formed, and the periphery of the welding spot is smooth.
Furthermore, the back surface of the foil is smooth by laser welding, a welding spot with the thickness of 0.3-0.8mm is formed, and the welding spot has no bulge and is slightly sunken.
Furthermore, the welding spots are arranged in two rows, the distance between the welding spots is 1.4mm, the distance between the welding spots in the two rows is 1.2-2mm, a welding area with the width of 3mm and the length of 45mm is integrally formed, and the number of the welding spots is more than 30.
Furthermore, after multi-spot welding, the welding tension between the foil and the tab is more than 400N, and after the foil is torn off, the positive foil with the size of the area of the welding spot remains on the metal tab.
Further, in step S2, an IPGQCW600 pulse laser is used, the fiber diameter of the laser is 50um, 100um, 200um, 400um, the collimation focal length is 254um, the focusing focal length is 175um, the laser welding power is about 2000W, and the welding time is about 3 ms.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and positive effects.
The invention adopts pulse laser welding, is a metal melting welding mode, welds the metal pole lug and the multilayer foil by using a pulse dotting mode, welds 2 rows of welding spots, has the welding spot size of about 1mm, has larger tension value of the welded object and strong overcurrent capacity, meets the subsequent production requirement of the battery cell, has smooth welding surface and is not easy to scratch the aluminum plastic film of the external package of the battery cell.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is an elevational view of a foil of the present invention engaged during welding of a tab;
fig. 2 is a side view of the foil of the present invention engaged during welding of a tab;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a weld pool enlarged by 100 times after a general conventional laser welding is adopted;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a weld puddle enlarged 200 times using the process of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a 0.05mm solder joint position using an embodiment of the process of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of a front side spot using an embodiment of the process of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of reverse side solder spotting using an embodiment of the process of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1. a foil material; 2. a tab; 3. welding spots; 4. a molten bath.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the soft-package lithium ion power battery positive electrode tab laser welding process includes the following steps;
s1, ultrasonic pre-welding, and welding the multilayer foil 1 to form a whole;
s2, welding the tab 2 on the foil 1 which is finished in the step S1 by laser welding, wherein the lower end of the tab 2 is arranged on one side of the upper end of the foil 1, the tab and the foil are tightly pressed without a gap, a laser welding spot 3 penetrates through the whole foil 1 from the tab 2, and a welding spot 3 is formed on the surface of one side of the foil 1, which is far away from the tab 2;
the welding is set to be two rows at least, forms the welding zone, and welding back solder joint 3 area is less than welding surface solder joint 3 area, and a plurality of solder joints 3 form a cross section and are the molten bath 4 of U type, and molten bath 4 forms the lower floor layer to foil 1, and the cross section shape of molten bath 4, the upper end is the circular arc of indent, and the lower extreme is the circular arc of upper arch, forms stable molten bath 4 structure.
Preferably, in step S1, the number of layers of the ultrasonically welded foil 1 is 16-40, the thickness of each layer of foil 1 is 12um or the total thickness of the foil 1 is 192um to 480 um.
Preferably, the ultrasonic pre-welding area is above the following parameter range, the length is 50mm, the width is 3-10mm, and the preferred width is 4mm, so that the strength and the stability of pre-welding are ensured; more preferably, in step S2, the thickness of the tab 2 is 0.3mm-0.4mm, the tab 2 is a metal conductor that leads the positive and negative electrodes from the battery core, that is, the tab of the positive and negative electrodes of the battery is a contact point during charging and discharging, the contact point is not a copper sheet that is seen on the external surface of the battery, but is a connection inside the battery, and the tab adopts a larger thickness parameter, and has high strength and strong stability.
Preferably, in step S2, the laser welding is laser pulse welding, the area of the welding back welding point 3 is 20-80% of the area of the welding surface welding point 3, in this application, the surface size of the welding point 3 is 1mm, and the welding back welding point 3 is about 0.5mm, so as to conveniently form a symmetrical molten pool 4 structure.
Preferably, the front surface is welded by laser, the upper surface of the tab 2 is smooth and has no bulge, a welding spot recess with the surface size of 1mm and the depth of 50um is formed, and the periphery of the welding spot 3 is smooth; preferably, the back surface of the foil 1 is welded by laser, a welding spot 3 with the thickness of 0.3-0.8mm is formed on the back surface of the foil 1, the welding spot 3 has no protrusion and is slightly sunken, compared with an ultrasonic welding process, the surface of a workpiece is very smooth, an aluminum-plastic film for the outer package of the battery core is not easy to scratch, the welding qualification rate is high, and cracks are small.
Preferably, the welding spots 3 are two rows, the distance between the welding spots 3 is 1.4mm, the distance between the welding spots 3 in the two rows is 1.2-2mm, preferably 2mm, a welding area with the width of 3mm and the length of 45mm is integrally formed, the number of the welding spots 3 is more than 30, in the actual welding process, 40 welding spots 3 in the two rows can reach more than 700N, the welding tension is large enough, and the requirement of subsequent production of the battery cell is met.
Preferably, after the multiple spot welding, the welding tension between the foil 1 and the tab 2 is more than 400N, and after the foil is torn off, the positive foil 1 with the area of the welding spot 3 remains on the metal tab 2; after multi-spot welding, the consistency of welding adhesion area between the foil 1 and the tab 2 is better. The flow area is relatively strong and is about30m2According to AL overcurrent capacity of 5A/m2And calculating that the maximum overcurrent strength of the welding area is about 150A, and the welding overcurrent capacity of the sample piece is strong.
Preferably, in step S2, an ipg qcw600 pulse laser is used, the fiber diameter of the laser is 50um, 100um, 200um, 400um, the optical configuration is 254um for collimation focal length, 175um for focusing focal length, the welding parameter laser welding power is about 2000W, and the welding time is about 3 ms. According to the invention, the laser with consistent beam density is used for irradiating the tab 2, so that the heat influence of overlarge central heat of the laser beam on the lower layer foil 1 is reduced, the phenomenon that the laser welding spot 3 is strong in the middle and weak at the periphery can be eliminated by a large beam, and the damage of the central laser beam to the aluminum foil due to high temperature is relieved. During welding, the surface of a workpiece needs to be protected by nitrogen, so that the workpiece plays a role in protection, is not easy to react with other parts, and the welding quality is improved.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a weld puddle enlarged 100 times after welding with a conventional laser; fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a welding pool area enlarged by 200 times after optical configuration and welding parameters are adjusted by using a novel laser IPG-QCW600W-200um by adopting the process of the present invention, and it can be known by comparison that welding cracks are reduced greatly and welding quality is improved by adopting the welding effect of the present invention. Because the welding cracks are reduced, the welding tension and overcurrent capacity are improved.
In the embodiment, the thickness of the pole lug is 0.4mm, the foil is 32 layers of 12um, the welding parameters for welding the above materials are 2000W and 3S, as shown in figure 5, the back surface of the foil 1 is smooth, only 50um welding point depressions are formed, and the peripheries of welding spots are free of splashing, free of protrusions and very smooth. As shown in fig. 6, the front side spot size is 1007um, and as shown in fig. 7, the back side spot size is 770 um. As shown in fig. 4, the weld spot is planed to cut the phase diagram, the upper part is a tab, the lower part is a layer of foil, a molten pool is formed by laser welding, no welding crack exists around the molten pool, no pore exists inside the molten pool, the foil and the tab are tightly attached, the adhesion is dense, and the welding effect is perfect.
While one embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail, the description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The laser welding process for the positive electrode tab of the soft package lithium ion power battery is characterized in that: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
s1, ultrasonic pre-welding, and welding the multiple layers of foils to form a whole;
s2, welding the tabs on the foil whole finished in the step S1 by laser welding, wherein the lower ends of the tabs are arranged on one side of the upper end of the foil whole, the tabs and the foil whole are tightly pressed without gaps, a laser welding spot penetrates through the whole foil from the tabs, and welding spots are formed on the surface of one side of the foil far away from the tabs;
the welding is arranged into at least two rows to form a welding area, the area of welding spots on the welding back surface is smaller than that of welding spots on the welding surface, a plurality of welding spots form a molten pool with a U-shaped section, and the molten pool forms the lowest layer of the foil.
2. The soft package lithium ion power battery positive electrode tab laser welding process according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S1, the number of layers of foil for ultrasonic welding is 16-40, the thickness of each layer of foil is 12um or the total thickness of the foil is 192um to 480 um.
3. The soft package lithium ion power battery positive electrode tab laser welding process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ultrasonic pre-welding area is above the following parameter range, the length is 50mm, and the width is 3-10 mm.
4. The soft package lithium ion power battery positive electrode tab laser welding process according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S2, the tab has a thickness of 0.3mm to 0.5 mm.
5. The soft package lithium ion power battery positive electrode tab laser welding process according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S2, the laser welding is laser pulse welding, and the welding spot area of the welding back side is 20% to 80% of the welding spot area of the welding surface.
6. The soft package lithium ion power battery positive electrode tab laser welding process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the front surface of the electrode lug is smooth in laser welding, no protrusion exists, a welding spot with the surface being 1mm in size and the depth being 50um is formed, and the periphery of the welding spot is smooth.
7. The soft package lithium ion power battery positive electrode tab laser welding process according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (3) welding the back surface of the foil by laser, wherein the back surface of the foil is smooth, a welding spot with the thickness of 0.3-0.8mm is formed, and the welding spot has no protrusion and is slightly sunken.
8. The soft package lithium ion power battery positive electrode tab laser welding process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the welding spots are arranged in two rows, the distance between the welding spots is 1.4mm, the distance between the welding spots in the two rows is 1.2-2mm, a welding area with the width of 3mm and the length of 45mm is integrally formed, and the number of the welding spots is more than 30.
9. The soft package lithium ion power battery positive electrode tab laser welding process according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: after multi-spot welding, the welding tension between the foil and the tab is more than 400N, and after the foil is torn off, the positive foil with the size of the area of the welding spot remains on the metal tab.
10. The soft package lithium ion power battery positive electrode tab laser welding process according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: in step S2, a laser having a pulse function is used, the fiber diameters of the laser are 50um, 100um, 200um, and 400um, the laser welding power is about 2000W, and the welding time is about 3 ms.
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| CN202110627302.1A CN113488745A (en) | 2021-06-04 | 2021-06-04 | Laser welding process for positive pole lug of soft package lithium ion power battery |
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| CN202110627302.1A CN113488745A (en) | 2021-06-04 | 2021-06-04 | Laser welding process for positive pole lug of soft package lithium ion power battery |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116093554A (en) * | 2023-02-23 | 2023-05-09 | 重庆长安新能源汽车科技有限公司 | Welding method of composite pole piece, battery cell and battery module |
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| CN110948111A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-04-03 | 多氟多新能源科技有限公司 | Composite welding method for tab of soft package lithium ion battery |
| CN112045307A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2020-12-08 | 天津市捷威动力工业有限公司 | Laser welding method for soft package lithium ion power battery tab |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116093554A (en) * | 2023-02-23 | 2023-05-09 | 重庆长安新能源汽车科技有限公司 | Welding method of composite pole piece, battery cell and battery module |
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