CN113488132B - System for controlling risk of drug shortage - Google Patents
System for controlling risk of drug shortage Download PDFInfo
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- CN113488132B CN113488132B CN202110667101.4A CN202110667101A CN113488132B CN 113488132 B CN113488132 B CN 113488132B CN 202110667101 A CN202110667101 A CN 202110667101A CN 113488132 B CN113488132 B CN 113488132B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
- G16H20/00—ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance
- G16H20/10—ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance relating to drugs or medications, e.g. for ensuring correct administration to patients
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- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
- G16H40/00—ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices
- G16H40/20—ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities, e.g. managing hospital staff or surgery rooms
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of medicine management and discloses a system for controlling medicine shortage risks. The system comprises: the information acquisition equipment is used for acquiring the state information of the medicine from the medicine monitoring and early warning data platform; a memory for storing a pre-established drug shortage risk estimation database, wherein the drug shortage risk estimation database includes first index items associated with drug shortage and a weight score corresponding to each first index item; a processor configured to: reading a drug shortage risk estimation database from a memory, and reading status information from an information acquisition device; searching a first index item matched with the state information in a medicine shortage risk estimation database; and determining the risk level of medicine shortage according to the weight scores of the matched first index items. The embodiment of the invention improves the accuracy of the method for determining the risk level of medicine shortage, and further improves the effectiveness and timeliness of the management of the medicine shortage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of medicine management, in particular to a system for controlling medicine shortage risks.
Background
Drug shortage has become a common phenomenon and a worldwide problem in the field of health care, and can seriously affect the safety, effectiveness, timeliness and economy of medicine application for patients. In recent years, society has paid high attention to solving the civil problem of medicine shortage, and a series of powerful measures for relieving and solving medicine shortage, such as strengthening the monitoring and early warning of medicine shortage and implementing a list management system, are proposed. The scientific and reasonable evaluation of the risk of shortage of medicines is a key problem which needs to be solved urgently.
At present, medical staff mainly rely on experience to judge the shortage risk of the medicine, and the accuracy is low.
Disclosure of Invention
To overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide a system for controlling the risk of drug shortages.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a system for controlling drug shortage risk, comprising:
the information acquisition equipment is used for acquiring the state information of the medicine from the medicine monitoring and early warning data platform;
a memory for storing a pre-established drug shortage risk estimation database, wherein the drug shortage risk estimation database comprises first index items associated with drug shortage and a weight score corresponding to each first index item;
a processor configured to:
reading a drug shortage risk estimation database from a memory, and reading status information from an information acquisition device;
searching a first index item matched with the state information in a medicine shortage risk estimation database;
and determining the risk level of medicine shortage according to the weight scores of the matched first index items.
In the embodiment of the invention, the drug shortage risk estimation database is established by the following method:
determining a first index item based on a Delphi method;
determining the weight fraction corresponding to each first index item based on an analytic hierarchy process;
and establishing a drug shortage risk estimation database according to the first index item and the corresponding weight score.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the number of the first index items ranges from 30 to 40, the first index items are divided into 11 secondary categories, the secondary categories are divided into 4 primary categories, and the highest score of the sum of the weight scores of the matched first index items is 100.
In the embodiment of the present invention, determining the weight score corresponding to each first index item based on an analytic hierarchy process includes:
comparing the relative importance among the first index items based on an analytic hierarchy process to determine a first weight value corresponding to each first index item;
and converting the first weight value corresponding to each first index item into a weight score corresponding to each first index item.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the second class is a second indicator item of the drug shortage risk estimation database, the first class is a third indicator item of the drug shortage risk estimation database, and comparing the relative importance among the first indicator items based on an analytic hierarchy process to determine the first weight value corresponding to each first indicator item includes:
comparing the relative importance of the first index items classified in the same two-level category to determine the second weight value of each first index item classified in the same two-level category, wherein the sum of the second weight values of the first index items classified in the same two-level category is 1;
comparing the relative importance of the second index items classified under the same one-level category to determine the first weight value of each second index item classified under the same one-level category, wherein the sum of the first weight values of the second index items classified under the same one-level category is 1;
comparing the relative importance among the third index items, and determining the weight value of each third index item, wherein the sum of the weight values of the third index items is 1;
multiplying the weight value of the third index item by the first weight value of the second index item to obtain a second weight value of the second index item;
and multiplying the second weight value of the second index item by the second weight value of the first index item to obtain a first weight value corresponding to the first index item.
In an embodiment of the invention, the third indicator item comprises at least one of a drug property, supply stability, end-of-use accessibility and a reason for shortage.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the second index item includes at least one of a basic medication attribute, a first classification attribute, a substitution, a clinical necessity, a duration of shortage, a spread of shortage, a number of manufacturing enterprises supplying a specified area, a number of medical institutions in shortage, a category of medical institutions in shortage, a supply-side reason, and a demand-side reason.
In an embodiment of the invention, the processor is further configured to:
determining a corresponding risk management strategy according to the risk grade of medicine shortage, wherein the risk grade comprises a primary risk, a secondary risk and a tertiary risk, and the risk management strategy comprises a primary management strategy, a secondary management strategy and a tertiary management strategy;
implementing a primary management strategy on the drugs with the primary risks;
implementing a secondary management strategy on the drugs with the secondary risks;
and implementing a secondary management strategy or a tertiary management strategy on the medicine with the tertiary risk.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the risk management policy further comprises a four-level management policy, and the processor is further configured to:
when the secondary management strategy does not meet the secondary risk medicine, implementing the primary management strategy on the secondary risk medicine;
and when the first-level management strategy does not meet the first-level risk medicine, implementing a fourth-level management strategy on the first-level risk medicine.
In the technical scheme, the drug shortage risk estimation database comprises first index items associated with drug shortage and weight scores corresponding to each first index item, the system for controlling the drug shortage risk acquires state information of drugs from a drug monitoring and early warning data platform, first index items matched with the state information are searched in the drug shortage risk estimation database, and the risk level of the drug shortage is determined according to the weight scores of the matched first index items. The determination method of the risk level of medicine shortage is more accurate, so that the effectiveness of the management of the medicine shortage is improved; the embodiment of the invention can also realize the faster division of the risk level of medicine shortage, better manage the shortage risk of the medicine, ensure the timeliness of medicine supply and further improve the safety and timeliness of medicine administration of patients.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the embodiments of the invention without limiting the embodiments of the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 schematically shows a schematic view of a system for controlling risk of drug shortage according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a workflow diagram of a processor of a system according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 schematically shows a schematic diagram of shortage risk management according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 schematically shows a schematic view of another system for controlling risk of drug shortage according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the working steps of a rule decision module according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 schematically shows a schematic diagram of the working steps of a data analysis module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
It should be noted that, if directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and back) \8230;) are referred to in the embodiments of the present application, the directional indications are only used for explaining the relative positional relationship between the components, the motion situation, and the like in a specific posture (as shown in the attached drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are correspondingly changed.
In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present application, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, technical solutions between the respective embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary that the technical solutions are capable of being implemented by a person having ordinary skill in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory to each other or cannot be implemented, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope claimed in the present application.
Fig. 1 schematically shows a schematic view of a system for controlling risk of drug shortage according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, in one embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a system for controlling risk of drug shortage, comprising:
the information acquisition equipment 100 is used for acquiring the state information of the medicine from the medicine monitoring and early warning data platform;
a memory 200 for storing a pre-established drug shortage risk estimation database 400, wherein the drug shortage risk estimation database 400 includes first index items associated with drug shortage and a weight score corresponding to each first index item;
a processor 300 configured to:
reading the medicine shortage risk estimation database 400 from the memory 200, and reading the status information from the information acquisition apparatus 100;
finding a first index item matching the status information in the drug shortage risk estimation database 400;
and determining the risk level of medicine shortage according to the weight scores of the matched first index items.
Fig. 2 schematically shows a workflow diagram of a processor of the system according to an embodiment of the invention.
In addition to acquiring the status information of the medicine from the medicine sorting and purchasing system, the information acquiring device 100 may also acquire the status information of the medicine from the short medicine data reporting platform, and the information acquiring device 100 may also acquire the status information of the medicine from another platform or by another way, which is not limited herein.
In one embodiment, the drug shortage risk estimation database is built by:
determining a first index item based on a Delphi method;
determining the weight fraction corresponding to each first index item based on an analytic hierarchy process;
and establishing a drug shortage risk estimation database according to the first index item and the corresponding weight score.
In one embodiment, the number of the first index items ranges from 30 to 40, the first index items are divided into 11 secondary categories, the secondary categories are divided into 4 primary categories, and the highest score of the sum of the weight scores of the matched first index items is 100.
In an embodiment, determining the weight score corresponding to each first index item based on the analytic hierarchy process includes:
comparing the relative importance among the first index items based on an analytic hierarchy process to determine a first weight value corresponding to each first index item;
and converting the first weight value corresponding to each first index item into a weight score corresponding to each first index item.
In one embodiment, the second level category is a second index item of the drug shortage risk estimation database, the first level category is a third index item of the drug shortage risk estimation database, and comparing the relative importance between the first index items based on an analytic hierarchy process to determine the first weight value corresponding to each first index item includes:
comparing the relative importance of the first index items classified in the same two-level category to determine the second weight value of each first index item classified in the same two-level category, wherein the sum of the second weight values of the first index items classified in the same two-level category is 1;
comparing the relative importance among the second index items classified in the same primary class to determine the first weight value of each second index item classified in the same primary class, wherein the sum of the first weight values of the second index items classified in the same primary class is 1;
comparing the relative importance among the third index items, and determining the weighted value of each third index item, wherein the sum of the weighted values of each third index item is 1;
multiplying the weight value of the third index item by the first weight value of the second index item to obtain a second weight value of the second index item;
and multiplying the second weight value of the second index item by the second weight value of the first index item to obtain a first weight value corresponding to the first index item.
In one embodiment, the third indicator item includes at least one of a drug property, supply stability, end-of-use accessibility, and a reason for the shortage.
In an embodiment, the second indicator includes at least one of a basic medication attribute, a first classification attribute, an alternative, a clinical necessity, a duration of the shortage, a spread of the shortage, a number of manufacturing facilities in the supply designation area, a number of medical facilities in the shortage, a category of medical facilities in the shortage, a supply-side reason, and a demand-side reason.
In an embodiment, the processor is further configured to:
determining a corresponding risk management strategy according to the risk grade of medicine shortage, wherein the risk grade comprises a primary risk, a secondary risk and a tertiary risk, and the risk management strategy comprises a primary management strategy, a secondary management strategy and a tertiary management strategy;
implementing a first-level management strategy on the first-level risk medicines;
implementing a secondary management strategy on the drugs with the secondary risks;
and implementing a secondary management strategy or a tertiary management strategy on the medicine with the tertiary risk.
In an embodiment, the risk management policies include four levels of management policies, the processor further configured to:
when the secondary management strategy does not meet the secondary risk medicine, implementing the primary management strategy on the secondary risk medicine;
and when the first-level management strategy does not meet the first-level risk medicine, implementing a fourth-level management strategy on the first-level risk medicine.
In the technical scheme, the drug shortage risk estimation database comprises first index items associated with drug shortage and weight scores corresponding to each first index item, the system for controlling drug shortage risk acquires state information of drugs from a drug monitoring and early warning data platform, first index items matched with the state information are searched in the drug shortage risk estimation database, and the risk level of the drug shortage is determined according to the weight scores of the matched first index items. Therefore, compared with the prior art that medical staff judge the medicine shortage risk by virtue of experience, the embodiment of the invention establishes scientific and reasonable indexes and corresponding weight scores, objectively determines the medicine shortage risk level and improves the accuracy of the medicine shortage risk level determination method. The determination method of the risk level of medicine shortage is more accurate, and further, the effectiveness of medicine shortage management is improved. The embodiment of the invention can also realize the faster division of the risk level of medicine shortage, better manage the shortage risk of the medicine, ensure the timeliness of medicine supply and further improve the safety and timeliness of medicine administration of patients.
The system for controlling the risk of drug shortages of the present invention is described in detail below with a specific embodiment.
Table 1 schematically shows a first index item, a second index item, a third index item, a first weight value of the first index item, a second weight value of the first index item, a first weight value of the second index item, a second weight value of the second index item, and a weight value of the third index item of the medicine shortage risk estimation database.
As can be seen from table 1, the drug shortage risk estimation database may include 36 first index items associated with drug shortage, and these 36 first index items are used for determining the shortage risk of the drug, and it is understood that, with these 36 first index items, the problem of the risk size caused by the drug shortage can be determined. The 36 first index terms are divided into 11 secondary categories, and the 11 secondary categories are divided into 4 primary categories. The secondary category may be understood as a second index item of the drug shortage risk estimation database, and the primary category may be understood as a third index item of the drug shortage risk estimation database.
In one embodiment, the risk of a shortage of a drug is determined from four aspects, namely, drug attributes, supply stability, end-of-use accessibility, and reasons for the shortage, as shown in table 1, wherein the drug attributes include basic drug attributes, other classification attributes, alternative and clinically necessary indicators. The basic drug attribute includes index items of the basic drug and the non-basic drug. Other categorical attributes include index items for emergency drugs, toxic rescue drugs, rare disease treatment drugs, and other drugs. Alternatives include alternative, not completely alternative, and not alternative indicator terms. Clinical necessity includes the use of diagnostic items for life-threatening or severely life quality impaired diseases, life-saving or disease-curing or significant delay in disease progression (including diagnosis for the above-mentioned diseases), use of discontinuations of which significantly affect clinical practice and patient health outcome.
As shown in table 1, the supply stability includes index items of the duration of shortage, the spread of shortage, and the number of manufacturing enterprises supplying this province. The duration of shortage includes index items of failure to supply normally for six months or more, failure to supply normally for three months or more, and failure to supply normally for one month or more. The spread of the shortage includes index items in which the shortage relates to less than or equal to 5 of the inland city of province and the shortage relates to more than 5 of the inland city of province. The number of production enterprises supplying this province includes index items of exclusive families and production enterprises of 2 or more.
The first classification attribute refers to other classification attributes in the drug attributes, and the number of manufacturing enterprises supplying the designated area refers to the number of manufacturing enterprises supplying the province.
As shown in table 1, the end-of-use accessibility includes index items for the number of short medical institutions and the category of the short medical institutions. The number of shortage medical institutions includes index items in which the number of shortage-related medical institutions is 5 or less, the number of shortage-related medical institutions is 6 to 10, and the number of shortage-related medical institutions is more than 10. The categories of the shortage medical institutions include all basic-level medical care and health institutions, all secondary-level public hospitals, all tertiary-level public hospitals, one of the secondary-level public hospitals and the tertiary-level public hospitals, the basic-level medical care and health institutions, the secondary-level public hospitals and the tertiary-level public hospitals, and the index items of the basic-level medical care and health institutions, the secondary-level public hospitals and the tertiary-level public hospitals.
As shown in table 1, the shortage reasons include index items of supply-side reasons and demand-side reasons. The supply side reasons include index items which are remote in regions and are not willing to be distributed by enterprises. The supply side reasons comprise index items of enterprise production line transformation and enterprise capacity insufficiency. The supply-side reasons include the index items of raw material shortage and insufficient productivity. The supply-side reasons include the index items of monopoly of raw materials and insufficient productivity. The demand-side reasons include low transaction prices and reluctance of enterprises to produce. Demand-side reasons include index items that are small in clinical usage and are unwilling to be supplied by the enterprise. The demand side reasons comprise a flow mark or a waste mark and no index item of enterprise supply. Demand-side reasons include pricing trades, and enterprise reluctance to supply target items.
In table 1, the weight value corresponding to the second index item refers to a first weight value of the second index item, and the combined weight value corresponding to the second index item refers to a second weight value of the second index item, for example, the basic drug attribute is the second index item, the first weight value of the basic drug attribute is 0.0913, the second weight value of the basic drug attribute is 0.0170, the weight value corresponding to the drug attribute of 0.1861 is multiplied by the first weight value of the basic drug attribute of 0.0913, and according to the multiplication result, the second weight value of the basic drug attribute of 0.0170 can be obtained.
Similarly, in table 1, the weight value corresponding to the first index item refers to a second weight value of the first index item, and the combined weight value corresponding to the first index item refers to a first weight value of the first index item, for example, the basic drug is the first index item, the first weight value of the basic drug is 0.0113, the second weight value of the basic drug is 0.6647, the second weight value of the basic drug attribute is multiplied by 0.0170, and the second weight value of the basic drug is 0.6647, and according to a multiplication result, the first weight value of the basic drug is 0.0113.
In table 1, the risk of shortage of medicine is determined from four aspects of medicine attribute, supply stability, end-of-use accessibility, and reason for shortage, the weight value for the medicine attribute is 0.1861, the weight value for the supply stability is 0.3253, the weight value for the end-of-use accessibility is 0.2398, and the weight value for the reason for shortage is 0.2489. The sum of the weight values of the drug property, the supply stability, the availability to the user side, and the cause of the shortage is about 1, that is, the sum of the weight values of the respective third index items is 1.
The weight value and the combined weight value of the third index item are equal, in table 1, the drug attribute is the third index item, the weight value of the drug attribute is 0.1861, and it can be understood that the influence of the drug attribute on the drug shortage risk is 0.1861. Supply stability is another third indicator item, and the weight value of supply stability is 0.3253, and it can be understood that the influence of supply stability on the risk of medicine shortage is 0.3253. It can be seen that, in the status information of the medicine, the supply stability has a greater influence on the medicine shortage risk than the medicine attribute because the supply stability occupies a greater weight value than the medicine attribute occupies. That is, when the supply stability is not good, the risk of the medicine being once short is larger than the medicine property.
In table 1, the first weight value for the basic drug attribute is 0.0913, the first weight values for the other classification attributes are 0.0575, the alternative first weight value is 0.4825, and the first weight value for clinical necessity is 0.3686. The sum of the first weight values of the basic drug attribute, the other classification attribute, the alternative and the clinical necessity is 1, that is, the sum of the first weight values of the respective second index items classified under the same primary class is 1. Similarly, in the supply stability, the sum of the first weight values of the shortage duration, the shortage spread range, and the number of manufacturing enterprises supplying this province is 1. In the end-of-use accessibility, the sum of the first weight values for the quantity of the shortage medical institutions and the category of the shortage medical institutions is 1. In the shortage reason, the sum of the first weight values of the supply-side reason and the demand-side reason is 1.
Similarly, the sum of the second weight values of the first index items classified in the same secondary class is 1, for example, in other classification attributes, the second weight value of the emergency rescue medicine is 0.4393, the second weight value of the poisoning rescue medicine is 0.2804, the second weight value of the rare disease treatment medicine is 0.1963, the second weight value of the other medicine is 0.0841, and the sum of the second weight values of the emergency rescue medicine, the poisoning rescue medicine, the rare disease treatment medicine and the other medicine is about 1.
The second weight value of the emergency rescue medicine is greater than the second weight value of the poisoning rescue medicine, and it can be understood that, if the medicine a is the emergency rescue medicine and the medicine B is the poisoning rescue medicine, if other status information of the medicine a and the medicine B are consistent, the second weight value of the emergency rescue medicine is greater than the second weight value of the poisoning rescue medicine, and compared with the medicine B, if the medicine a is in short supply, the risk caused by the shortage is greater. That is, the risk of shortage is greater for drug a compared to drug B. Compared with poisoning rescue medicines, the risk of shortage of emergency rescue medicines is higher.
TABLE 1
After the first weight values corresponding to the first index items are obtained, the first weight values corresponding to the first index items are converted into weight scores corresponding to the first index items, as shown in table 2, the sum of the weight scores corresponding to the first index items is 137.88 points. Now, assume that the state information of C medicine is: the basic medicine attribute is basic medicine, the other classification attribute is emergency rescue medicine, the substitution is substitutable, the clinical necessity is for diagnosing and treating diseases endangering life or seriously damaging quality of life, the shortage duration is that normal supply cannot be carried out for one month or more continuously, the shortage coverage is that the shortage relates to provincial inland city and is less than or equal to 5, the number of production enterprises supplying the provincial is greater than or equal to 2 for the production enterprises, the number of the shortage medical institutions (enterprises) is that the shortage relates to the number of the medical institutions less than or equal to 5, the category of the shortage medical institutions (enterprises) is that the shortage medical institutions (enterprises) are all basic level medical and health institutions, the supply side reason is that the region is far, the enterprises are not willing to distribute, the demand side reason is that the transaction price is low, and the enterprises are not willing to produce. Searching a first index item matched with the state information of the C medicine in a medicine shortage risk estimation database, and determining the score of the C medicine shortage risk as follows according to the weight score of the matched first index item:
1.56+0.65+0.83+5.32+2.04+3.47+3.31+1.85+0.45+1.27+2.99 + 23.74 min.
The higher the score of the risk of drug shortage, the higher the level of the risk of drug shortage, and the greater the risk caused when drugs are in shortage, the greater the adverse effect on the safety, effectiveness, timeliness and economy of the medication for patients.
Fig. 3 schematically shows a schematic diagram of a shortage risk management according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 3, the risk level of medicine shortage is determined according to the weight score of the matched first index item, and if the risk score of medicine shortage is 70 to 100 points, the risk level of medicine is first-class risk, that is, high risk. If the risk score of shortage of the medicine is 40 to 69 minutes, the risk grade of the medicine is a secondary risk, that is, a middle risk. If the risk score of shortage of the medicine is 0 to 39 minutes, the risk grade of the medicine is a tertiary risk, that is, a low risk. When high-risk medicines are in short supply, great adverse effects are brought to the safety, effectiveness, timeliness or economy of medicine administration for patients. In the case of a low risk drug shortage, the adverse effects on the safety, effectiveness, timeliness or economy of administration to a patient are relatively small.
TABLE 2
In one embodiment, the drug shortage risk estimation database is built based on Delphi Method and Analytic Hierarchy Process. Specifically, first, by the delphih method, finally all of the first index item, the second index item, and the third index item are determined by a plurality of (e.g., 19) experts through a plurality of (e.g., two) rounds of expert consultation. The number of experts may also be determined according to specific situations, such as 15 to 25, without limitation. The drug shortage risk estimation database comprises a total of 4 third index items, 11 second index items and 36 first index items. The number of the first index item, the second index item, and the third index item may be determined according to specific situations, or may be other numerical values, which is not limited thereto.
And then, by adopting an analytic hierarchy process and constructing a judgment matrix, the relative importance of every two index items is graded by 1-9 scales by experts, wherein the scale value represents the importance degree of the index A relative to the index B, if the index B is more important than the index A, the index B is represented by reciprocal of a scale value, for example, the experts grade the relative importance of the emergency rescue medicine and the poisoning rescue medicine, and if the importance score of the emergency rescue medicine compared with the poisoning rescue medicine is 1, the importance of the emergency rescue medicine and the poisoning rescue medicine are represented to be the same. If the importance score of the emergency medicine is 9 points compared with the poisoning rescue medicine, the importance score of the emergency medicine is far more important than the poisoning rescue medicine. If the importance score of the emergency medicine is 1/9 of the importance score of the poisoning rescue medicine, the poisoning rescue medicine is far more important than the emergency medicine.
If the importance score of the emergency medicine compared with the poisoning rescue medicine is 9 points, the emergency medicine is far more important than the poisoning rescue medicine, so that the risk brought to hospitals and patients is higher if the emergency medicine is in short supply compared with the poisoning rescue medicine.
It should be noted that, based on the delphi method, multiple (e.g., 19) experts determine all of the first, second, and third index items through multiple rounds (e.g., two rounds) of expert consultation, and determine the index items by using the multiple rounds of consultation of the multiple experts, so that the first, second, and third index items are more objective and more in line with the real rules, and more scientifically and more objectively determine the risk level of medicine shortage for the actual situation, thereby avoiding the risk of medicine shortage determined subjectively.
Based on an analytic hierarchy process, relative importance of every two index items is graded from 1 to 9 by multiple experts, data processing is carried out in YAHHP software, and finally a first weight value of each first index item can be obtained. And determining a first weight value of each first index item according to the actual influence of each first index item on the medicine shortage risk in the real situation. The first weight value of the first index item is determined more objectively, more accords with the real law, and more specifically aims at the actual situation, the first weight value of the first index item can more objectively represent the actual influence of each first index item on the medicine shortage risk, so that the medicine shortage risk is prevented from being determined subjectively.
Therefore, the first index item and the first weighted value thereof accord with the real law and the actual situation. Due to the objectivity of the first index item and the first weight value thereof, the drug shortage risk estimation database is objective, scientific and in line with the real law and the actual situation.
And converting the first weight value of the first index item into a percentile score to establish a drug shortage risk estimation database. The drug shortage risk estimation database is embedded into a system for controlling drug shortage risk, the provision of the score of each index item in the database is used as a scoring basis, and the system for controlling drug shortage risk is an intelligent scoring system.
The system of the embodiment of the invention can be butted with a provincial level shortage medicine data reporting platform. And related information required by risk scoring can be captured from the provincial shortage drug data reporting platform, such as the universal name, specification, manufacturer, drug attribute, shortage starting time and shortage ending time of the drug. Data capture settable conditions: such as the information reporting period.
And then converting the captured original information from the provincial level shortage medicine data reporting platform into structured information required for risk scoring. For example, the "shortage start time" and the "shortage end time" are converted into "shortage duration", which is one of the index items of the risk score. And according to the definition of the index item score by the judgment rule of the database, carrying out data analysis to obtain a corresponding risk score. The final score for the risk of drug shortages is the sum of the scores of the individual scoring items. Then, risk classification is performed according to the risk score, drugs are automatically classified into high-risk, medium-risk and low-risk groups, different-risk drugs are prompted or different treatment measures are implemented, and risk classification management is achieved, as shown in fig. 3. In the embodiment of the invention, various data can be subjected to visualization analysis, data perspective and the like. Such as a visual view of the base drug fraction, the injection dosage form fraction, and the like.
The system of the embodiment of the invention also comprises a personalized customization module, and the personalized customization module can comprise the following contents: and (1) color marking. For example, high risk, medium risk, and low risk drugs are labeled in red, yellow, and green fonts, respectively. And (2) outputting a chart. And outputting the data result into various charts. And (3) creating a customized list, and checking and deleting any medicine. And (4) selectively exporting the content and the export format.
The system of the embodiment of the invention can also comprise a data maintenance module. (1) And manually adding and maintaining the incomplete information which cannot be acquired or acquired in the provincial shortage medicine data reporting platform. (2) And reminding a user to perform manual correction on the conditions of data missing or logic errors and the like in the data analysis process.
The embodiment of the invention provides a system for controlling medicine shortage risk, which can automatically capture effective information reported in a shortage medicine monitoring and early warning data platform, convert the effective information into structural information required by risk scoring, finally obtain the shortage risk scoring of medicines through intelligent analysis, determine the risk level of medicine shortage, and give recommended measures according to the risk level. The intelligent scoring system provided by the embodiment of the invention has quantitative evaluation basis, can objectively, accurately and efficiently analyze drug information, can screen and discriminate invalid information, and saves manpower, material resources and public health resources.
Fig. 4 schematically shows a schematic view of another system for controlling the risk of drug shortage according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, the system may be composed of a rule determination module 401, a data capture module 402, a data analysis module 403, a personalization customization module 404, and a data maintenance module 405.
Fig. 5 schematically shows a schematic diagram of the working steps of the rule decision module according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 5, the rule decision module 401 may perform the following work steps: step 501, determining a judgment index item of medicine shortage risk based on a Delphi method; 502, determining the weight value of each index item based on an analytic hierarchy process; step 503, establishing a drug shortage risk estimation database; step 504, determining a percentage rating item table; and 505, generating an intelligent scoring system and determining an evaluation rule.
Fig. 6 schematically shows a schematic diagram of the working steps of a data analysis module according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 6, the data analysis module 403 may perform the following work steps: step 601, converting original data into structured information; step 602, comparing the structured information with an evaluation rule, and scoring; step 603, determining a risk grade according to the medicine shortage risk score; and step 604, performing visual analysis on the data.
In the intelligent scoring process, the state information of the medicine can be objectively, accurately and efficiently analyzed, meanwhile, invalid information can be screened and screened, and manpower, material resources and public health resources are saved.
The embodiment of the invention establishes a drug shortage risk estimation database, wherein the drug shortage risk estimation database comprises 4 third index items, 11 second index items and 36 first index items. The evaluation rules formed based on the pre-established drug shortage risk estimation database can objectively and comprehensively evaluate various factors influencing drug shortage to form a comprehensive evaluation result.
The system for controlling the medicine shortage risk provided by the embodiment of the invention can be interfaced with other data platforms, such as a medical and health institution shortage medicine information reporting system and a medicine classification purchasing system. By being in butt joint with the platform, the original reported information can be conveniently acquired, and the working efficiency is improved.
The system of the embodiment of the invention improves the feasibility of developing the evaluation of the shortage drugs, is butted with various shortage drug reporting platforms to acquire data, can generate a percentage rating table as an evaluation rule, and is built in an intelligent rating system to realize automatic data analysis.
The system of the embodiment of the invention improves the reliability of the evaluation result. The evaluation rule established by the invention comprehensively evaluates and scores 11 index items. And finally obtaining a comprehensive evaluation result according to different score ratios of the index items on the influence of the index items on the shortage risk degree. The evaluation method has the advantages that all factors are considered comprehensively, and all factors are scored with certain emphasis, so that the evaluation result is higher in reliability.
The system provided by the embodiment of the invention can improve the evaluation efficiency, can realize intelligent scoring, can automatically score each index item according to the built-in scoring rule after the system captures the data, is efficient and accurate, and is suitable for batch analysis of mass data.
In the technical scheme, the drug shortage risk estimation database comprises first index items associated with drug shortage and weight scores corresponding to each first index item, the system for controlling the drug shortage risk acquires the state information of the drug from the drug monitoring and early warning data platform, the first index items matched with the state information are searched in the drug shortage risk estimation database, and the risk level of the drug shortage is determined according to the weight scores of the matched first index items, so that compared with the prior art that the shortage risk of the drug is judged by depending on the experience of medical staff, scientific and reasonable indexes and corresponding weight scores are formulated in the embodiment of the invention, the risk level of the drug shortage is objectively determined, the accuracy of the determination method of the risk level of the drug shortage is improved, and the determination method of the risk level of the drug shortage is more accurate, and the effectiveness of the management of the shortage is further improved; the embodiment of the invention can also realize the fast classification of the risk level of medicine shortage, better manage the medicine shortage risk, ensure the timeliness of medicine supply and further improve the safety and timeliness of medicine administration of patients.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.
The memory may include forms of volatile memory in a computer readable medium, random Access Memory (RAM) and/or non-volatile memory, such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM). The memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.
Computer-readable media, including both permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media, may implement the information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static Random Access Memory (SRAM), dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), read Only Memory (ROM), electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), digital Versatile Disks (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium, which can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, a computer readable medium does not include a transitory computer readable medium such as a modulated data signal and a carrier wave.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising a," "8230," "8230," or "comprising" does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus comprising the element.
The above are merely examples of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement or the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (5)
1. A system for controlling risk of drug shortages, comprising:
the information acquisition equipment is used for acquiring the state information of the medicine from the medicine monitoring and early warning data platform;
a memory for storing a pre-established drug shortage risk estimation database, wherein the drug shortage risk estimation database includes first index items associated with drug shortage and a weight score corresponding to each first index item, wherein the number of the first index items ranges from 30 to 40, the first index items are divided into 11 secondary categories, the secondary categories are divided into 4 primary categories, the secondary categories are second index items of the drug shortage risk estimation database, and the primary categories are third index items of the drug shortage risk estimation database;
a processor configured to:
reading the drug shortage risk estimation database from the memory and the status information from the information acquisition device;
searching a first index item matched with the state information in the drug shortage risk estimation database;
determining the risk level of medicine shortage according to the weight scores of the matched first index items, wherein the highest score of the sum of the weight scores of the matched first index items is 100 scores;
wherein the drug shortage risk estimation database is established by:
determining the first index item based on a delphire method;
determining a weight fraction corresponding to each first index item based on an analytic hierarchy process;
establishing a drug shortage risk estimation database according to the first index item and the corresponding weight score;
wherein the determining the weight fraction corresponding to each first index item based on the analytic hierarchy process comprises:
comparing the relative importance among the first index items based on an analytic hierarchy process to determine a first weight value corresponding to each first index item;
converting the first weight value corresponding to each first index item into a weight score corresponding to each first index item;
wherein, the comparing the relative importance among the first index items based on the analytic hierarchy process to determine the first weight value corresponding to each first index item includes:
comparing the relative importance of the first index items classified in the same second-level category to determine a second weight value of each first index item classified in the same second-level category, wherein the sum of the second weight values of the first index items classified in the same second-level category is 1;
comparing the relative importance of the second index items classified under the same one-level category to determine a first weight value of each second index item classified under the same one-level category, wherein the sum of the first weight values of the second index items classified under the same one-level category is 1;
comparing the relative importance among the third index items, and determining the weighted value of each third index item, wherein the sum of the weighted values of the third index items is 1;
multiplying the weight value of the third index item by the first weight value of the second index item to obtain a second weight value of the second index item;
and multiplying the second weight value of the second index item by the second weight value of the first index item to obtain a first weight value corresponding to the first index item.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the third indicator item comprises at least one of a drug property, supply stability, end-of-use accessibility, and a reason for shortage.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the second criteria items include at least one of a basic medication attribute, a first classification attribute, an alternative, a clinical necessity, a duration of a shortage, a spread of a shortage, a number of manufacturing businesses supplying a specified area, a number of medical facilities in shortage, a category of medical facilities in shortage, a supply-side reason, and a demand-side reason.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to:
determining a corresponding risk management strategy according to the risk level of medicine shortage, wherein the risk level comprises a primary risk, a secondary risk and a tertiary risk, and the risk management strategy comprises a primary management strategy, a secondary management strategy and a tertiary management strategy;
implementing the primary management strategy on the drugs with the primary risks;
implementing the secondary management strategy for the secondary risk drugs;
and implementing the secondary management strategy or the tertiary management strategy on the medicine with the tertiary risk.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the risk management policies further comprise a four-level management policy, and wherein the processor is further configured to:
when the secondary management strategy does not meet the secondary risk medicine, the primary management strategy is implemented on the secondary risk medicine;
and when the primary management strategy does not meet the drugs with the primary risks, implementing the four-level management strategy on the drugs with the primary risks.
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