CN113487169B - Comprehensive energy system safety evaluation method and system based on vulnerability index - Google Patents

Comprehensive energy system safety evaluation method and system based on vulnerability index Download PDF

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CN113487169B
CN113487169B CN202110748697.0A CN202110748697A CN113487169B CN 113487169 B CN113487169 B CN 113487169B CN 202110748697 A CN202110748697 A CN 202110748697A CN 113487169 B CN113487169 B CN 113487169B
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CN113487169A (en
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钟崴
田兴涛
林小杰
周懿
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Abstract

The invention relates to a comprehensive energy system safety evaluation method and system based on vulnerability indexes. The method comprises the following steps: step S1, establishing a steady-state model of a comprehensive energy system based on a topological structure of the comprehensive energy system; s2, directly acquiring state data from the comprehensive energy system, or acquiring the state data by solving a steady-state model of the comprehensive energy system by a given control variable value; step S3, calculating a sensitivity matrix in the comprehensive energy system based on the steady-state model and the state data of the comprehensive energy system; s4, calculating a vulnerability index matrix in the comprehensive energy system based on the state data, the sensitivity matrix and the state variable operation limit value; and S5, identifying weak state variables corresponding to all the control variables in the comprehensive energy system and key control variables corresponding to all the state variables based on the vulnerability index matrix. The invention can effectively identify the weak state variable and the key control variable in the comprehensive energy system and promote the safe operation of the comprehensive energy system.

Description

Comprehensive energy system safety evaluation method and system based on vulnerability index
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of application of comprehensive energy systems, and particularly relates to a comprehensive energy system safety evaluation method and system based on vulnerability indexes.
Background
The comprehensive energy system is an energy production, supply and marketing integrated system formed after the coordination and optimization of the energy production, transmission, distribution and use processes, can achieve the purposes of improving the energy utilization efficiency, increasing the renewable energy consumption, improving the utilization rate of infrastructure and the like, and has become an important direction of energy system transformation. The typical characteristic of the comprehensive energy system is multi-energy flow coupling, which will cause the mutual influence among various energy flows such as electricity, gas, cold, heat and the like, and the fluctuation in a single energy flow network can be propagated among different energy flows through the coupling links, so that other energy flow states are changed, and energy supply accidents are caused in severe cases. A blackout accident occurring in the united kingdom at 8 in 2019 and a blackout accident occurring in the united states at 2021 and 2 in texas are typical cases of energy supply accidents caused by the interaction of different energy flow networks. Under the background, how to effectively analyze and quantify the coupling characteristics between different energy flows in the comprehensive energy system and develop the comprehensive energy system safety assessment considering the coupling characteristics of the multi-energy flows are important scientific problems for promoting the application and development of the comprehensive energy system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a comprehensive energy system safety evaluation method and system based on vulnerability indexes, so as to promote safe and reliable operation of the comprehensive energy system.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a comprehensive energy system safety evaluation method based on vulnerability indexes comprises the following steps:
step S1, establishing a steady-state model of a comprehensive energy system based on a topological structure of the comprehensive energy system;
s2, directly acquiring state data from the comprehensive energy system, or acquiring the state data by solving a steady state model of the comprehensive energy system by a given control variable value;
step S3, calculating a sensitivity matrix in the comprehensive energy system based on the steady-state model and the state data of the comprehensive energy system;
s4, calculating a vulnerability index matrix in the comprehensive energy system based on the state data, the sensitivity matrix and the operation limit value;
and S5, identifying weak state variables corresponding to all the control variables in the comprehensive energy system and key control variables corresponding to all the state variables based on the vulnerability index matrix.
Further, the steady-state model of the comprehensive energy system comprises a cogeneration unit output model, an electric power system model, a thermodynamic system model and a natural gas system model; the step S1 specifically comprises the following steps:
Step S11, building a cogeneration unit output model:
P CHP ＝γL CHP η CHP
H CHP ＝αP CHP
wherein P is CHP And H CHP Electric power and thermal power generated by the cogeneration unit are respectively, gamma is the heat value of natural gas, L CHP Flow rate eta of natural gas consumed by cogeneration unit CHP And alpha is the power generation power and the heat-electricity ratio of the cogeneration unit respectively;
step S12, a power system model is established:
wherein i and j are the numbers of the power nodes, Ω E For a set of all power nodes, N Enode ΔP, the number of power nodes i And DeltaQ i The unbalance amounts of active power and reactive power at the power node i are respectively P G,i And Q G,i Active power and reactive power respectively provided by an upper power grid, a thermal power generating unit and a cogeneration unit at a power node i, P L,i And Q L,i Active power and reactive power respectively consumed by the power load at power node i, U i And U j The voltage amplitudes at power node i and power node j, G ij And B ij The conductance and susceptance, θ, of the line between power node i and power node j, respectively ij For power node i and powerThe difference in the voltage phase angle at node j;
step S13, a thermodynamic system model is established;
step S131, establishing a branch flow characteristic equation in the thermodynamic system:
π H,k -π H,l ＝K kl f H,kl |f H,kl |+HD H,kl ，k,l∈Ω H
wherein k and l are the numbers of thermal nodes; omega shape H A set of all thermodynamic nodes; pi H,k And pi H,l The pressures at thermodynamic node k and thermodynamic node l, respectively; k (K) kl The resistance characteristic coefficient of the branch between the thermal node k and the thermal node l is given by an operator of the comprehensive energy system; f (f) H,kl For the flow of hot water in the branch between the thermal node k and the thermal node l, HD H,kl Is the lift on the branch between the thermal node k and the thermal node l;
step S132, establishing a node flow conservation equation in the thermodynamic system:
A H f H ＝L H
wherein A is H For node-branch association matrix not including balance node in thermodynamic system, f H Column vectors, L, formed for the flow of hot water in all branches of the thermodynamic system H The flow rate of the hot water flowing out of each thermodynamic node;
step S133, establishing a thermodynamic node energy conservation equation in the thermodynamic system:
wherein m is the number of the thermodynamic branch, Ω 1,k Omega is a set of thermodynamic branches ending at a thermodynamic node k 2,k For a collection of thermodynamic branches starting at thermodynamic node k, f H,m For the flow of hot water in the thermodynamic branch m, T o,m Is the temperature of hot water at the outlet of the thermal branch path m, T a,k The temperature of the hot water at the thermal node k;
step S134, a heat source branch equation in the thermodynamic system is established:
Wherein n is the number of the heat source branch, s n Numbering the thermodynamic nodes at the starting point of the heat source branch n, H n Generating thermal power for a heat source, f H,n C is the flow of hot water in the heat source branch p Constant pressure specific heat, T, of hot water o,n For the temperature of the hot water at the outlet of the heat source branch n, T a,Sn For a thermal node s as the starting point of the heat source branch n n The temperature of the hot water;
step 135, establishing a pipeline branch equation in the thermodynamic system:
wherein s is m Numbering the thermodynamic node at the beginning of the heat source branch m, T a,Sm As a thermal node s as a starting point of a heat source branch m m Temperature of hot water T env Is at ambient temperature lambda m Is the heat radiation coefficient of the heat source branch m, L m Is the length of the heat source branch m;
step 136, establishing a thermal load branch equation in the thermodynamic system:
f H,t C p (T a,st -T o,t )＝K t,2 (T in,t -T env )
wherein t is the number of the heat load branch, s t Numbering the thermal nodes at the beginning of the thermal load branch T, T a,St For a thermal node s as the starting point of the heat source branch t t Temperature of hot water T o,t For the temperature of the hot water at the outlet of the heat source branch t, K t,1 Is the heat dissipation in the heat load chamber on the heat load branch tTotal heat exchange coefficient of the device, T in,t For the indoor temperature, K, of the thermal load on the thermal load branch t t,2 The total heat dissipation coefficient of the building where the thermal load is located on the thermal load branch t;
Step 137, synthesizing all thermodynamic node energy conservation equations, heat source branch equations, pipeline branch equations and heat load branch equations in the thermodynamic system to obtain a thermodynamic model of the thermodynamic system in a matrix form:
AX＝B
wherein A is a constant matrix formed by coefficients of unknown variables in all thermodynamic node energy conservation equations, heat source branch equations, pipeline branch equations and heat load branch equations; x is a column vector formed by unknown variables in all thermodynamic node energy conservation equations, heat source branch equations, pipeline branch equations and heat load branch equations, wherein the meaning of elements corresponding to each node temperature and branch outlet temperature in X is the difference value between each node temperature and branch outlet temperature and the environment temperature; b is a constant column vector formed by constants on the right sides of all thermodynamic node energy conservation equations, heat source branch equations, pipeline branch equations and heat load branch equations;
s14, building a natural gas system model;
step S141, establishing a branch flow characteristic equation in the natural gas system:
wherein u and v are the numbers of natural gas nodes; omega shape G A set of all natural gas nodes; f (f) G,uv The flow of the natural gas in the branch between the natural gas node u and the natural gas node v; c (C) uv The resistance characteristic coefficient of the branch between the natural gas node u and the natural gas node v is given by an operator of the comprehensive energy system; pi G,u And pi G,v The pressures at natural gas node u and natural gas node v, respectively; sgn (s gn) G,uv As a sign function, when pi G,u Pi or more G,v Time sgn G,uv Has a value of 1 when pi G,u Less than pi G,v Time sgn G,uv The value of (2) is-1;
step S142, a node flow conservation equation in the natural gas system is established:
A g f g ＝L g
wherein A is g Is a node-branch incidence matrix which does not contain balance nodes in a natural gas system, f g Column vectors formed by the flows of the natural gas in all branches in the natural gas system, L g The flow of natural gas out of each natural gas node.
In the above technical solution, further, the step S2 specifically includes:
when the state data of the comprehensive energy system can be directly obtained, directly obtaining the state data of the comprehensive energy system including the electric power and the thermal power generated by the cogeneration unit, the active power, the reactive power, the voltage amplitude and the voltage phase angle of each node in the electric power system, the flow rate of hot water in each branch in the thermodynamic system, the temperature of the thermodynamic node, the outlet temperature of the branch and the indoor temperature of the thermal load, and executing the step S3 after the pressure of each natural gas node in the natural gas system and the state data of the comprehensive energy system including the flow rate of natural gas in each branch are obtained;
When the state data of the integrated energy system cannot be directly obtained, the control variable values including the active power and the reactive power of each PQ node, the active power and the voltage amplitude of each PV node, the voltage amplitude and the voltage phase angle of each balance node in the power system, the lift on each branch in the thermodynamic system and the pressure of the balance node, the flow rate of the natural gas flowing out of each node in the natural gas system and the natural gas pressure at the balance node are required to be given, the integrated energy system steady-state model established in the step S1 is solved by utilizing the Newton-Lapherson method, so that the integrated energy system state data including the electric power and the thermal power generated by the cogeneration unit, the active power, the reactive power, the voltage amplitude and the voltage phase angle of each node in the power system, the flow rate of the hot water in each branch in the thermodynamic system, the thermodynamic node temperature, the branch outlet temperature and the indoor temperature of the thermal load, the pressure of each natural gas node in the natural gas system and the natural gas flow rate in each branch are obtained, and the integrated energy system state data in the step S3 is executed.
Further, the step S3 specifically includes the following steps:
step S31, calculating the sensitivity in an electric power system, a thermodynamic system and a natural gas system;
And step S32, calculating the sensitivity of the comprehensive energy system in the thermoelectric mode and in the electric heating mode.
Further, the step S31 specifically includes the following steps:
step S311, calculating sensitivity in the power system:
s3111 computing Jacobian matrix J in a Power System e ：
Wherein Δp and Δq are column vectors composed of unbalance amounts of active power and unbalance amounts of reactive power at all power nodes, respectively, and θ and U are column vectors composed of voltage phase angles and voltage amplitudes at all power nodes, respectively;
step S3112, calculating sensitivity S of node voltage phase angle column vector θ and voltage amplitude column vector U in the power system to active power and reactive power generated by the power generation device E，1 ：
Wherein [ J e ] -1 Is J e Inverse matrix of P G And Q G The system comprises a row vector consisting of active power and a row vector consisting of reactive power, wherein the row vector consists of active power generated by an upper power grid, a thermal power unit and a cogeneration unit;
step S3113, calculating sensitivity S of node voltage phase angle column vector θ and voltage amplitude column vector U to active power and reactive power of the power load in the power system E,2 ：
Wherein P is L And Q L Column vectors composed of active power and column vectors composed of reactive power of the power load respectively;
Step S312, calculating the sensitivity in the thermodynamic system:
s3121 calculates the inverse matrix of the constant matrix A and marks as C;
step S3122, calculating to obtain a constant column vector D, wherein each element in D is obtained by dividing an element at a corresponding position in the constant column vector B by a given control variable value in the thermodynamic system;
step S3123, calculating the sensitivity S of the state variable to the control variable in the thermodynamic system H ：
S H ＝AD；
Step S313, calculating the sensitivity in the natural gas system:
step S3131, computing a Jacobian matrix J in the Natural gas System g ：
Wherein R is g Is a diagonal matrix, the elements r of the ith row and the ith column g,ii The method comprises the following steps:
wherein f g,i Is the natural gas flow in the ith natural gas branch, s i And e i The start point and the end point of the ith natural gas branch respectively,and->Respectively natural gas nodes s i And natural gas node e i Pressure at;
step S3132, calculating sensitivity S in the natural gas system G ：
Further, the step S32 specifically includes the following steps:
step S321, calculating the sensitivity of the comprehensive energy system in a thermoelectric mode;
step S3211 calculates an indoor temperature T in the thermoelectric mode in,k For the temperature T of hot water at the outlet of the heat source branch o,n Sensitivity S of (2) IES,1 ：
Wherein N is Hload Is the number of heat loads in the thermodynamic system, S IES,1 Any of the followingThe calculation method of (2) is as follows:
in the formula la k Is T in,k The position number in X is given by the number,is the la in the matrix C k Elements of row, j-th column, d j Is the j-th element in the constant column vector D;
step S3212, calculating the temperature T of the hot water at the outlet of the heat source branch by the voltage amplitude U of the power node in the thermoelectric mode o,n Sensitivity S of (2) IES,2 ：
Wherein N is Enode Is the number of power nodes in the power system, S IES,2 Any of the followingThe calculation method of (2) is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,is from S E，1 Element P of (3) CHP The active power generated by the cogeneration unit is alpha, which is the thermoelectric ratio of the cogeneration unit, la n Thermal power H generated for a cogeneration unit CHP Position number in X;
step S3213, calculating the pressure pi of the natural gas node in the thermoelectric mode g,u For the temperature T of hot water at the outlet of the heat source branch o,n Sensitivity S of (2) IES,3 ：
Wherein N is Gnode Is the number of natural gas nodes in the natural gas system, S IES,3 Any of the followingThe calculation method of (1) is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,is from S G Elements of (a) and (b); η (eta) CHP The power generation efficiency of the cogeneration unit is that gamma is the heat value of natural gas;
step S322, calculating the sensitivity of the comprehensive energy system in an electric heating mode;
step S3221, calculating the indoor temperature T under the electric heating mode n,k Active power P to electrical load L,i Sensitivity S of (2) IES,4 ：
Wherein S is IES,4 Elements of the kth row, ith columnThe calculation method of (2) is as follows:
wherein P is loss P is the active power loss in the power system L,i As the active power of the load at power node i,the calculation method of (2) is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,is S E,2 A list of elements->Any one of->And->Any one of->The calculation method of (2) is as follows:
wherein G is si Is the conductance between power node s and power node i;
step S3222, calculating the sensitivity S of the voltage amplitude of the power node to the active power of the power load in the electric heating mode IES,5 ：
Step S3223, calculating the pressure pi of the natural gas node in the electric heating mode g,u Active power P to electrical load L,i Sensitivity S of (2) IES,6 ：
Wherein S is IES,6 Elements of the ith row and ith columnThe calculation method of (2) is as follows:
further, the step S4 specifically includes the following steps:
step S41, defining a state variable vulnerability index VI_Up calculation method when the control variable is adjusted upwards:
wherein V is state Is any one state variable of an electric power system, a thermodynamic system and a natural gas system, V control Is a control variable in the comprehensive energy system; in thermoelectric mode V control For the temperature T of the hot water at the outlet of the heat source branch n o,n Under electric heating mode V control Active power P consumed for power load at power node i L,i ，Is a state variable V state For controlling variable V control Sensitivity of V state,max And V state,min Is a state variable V state Upper and lower limits of (2);
step S42, defining a state variable vulnerability index vi_down calculation method when the control variable is adjusted downward:
step S43, recording the iteration variable as Iter, and making Iter traverse 1 to N in turn Hload From S IES,1 Obtain the Iter elementWill->Bringing the calculation methods defined in step S41 and step S42 into the process, and recording the result as VI_Up Iter And VI_Down Iter Iter traverses 1 through N Hload Vi_up calculated in the process Iter And VI_Down Iter Respectively forming an indoor temperature vulnerability index matrix VI_Up which is upwardly adjusted by a control variable under a thermoelectric mode 1 And a control variable for adjusting the indoor temperature vulnerability index matrix VI_Down 1 ；
Step S44, recording the iteration variable as Iter, and making Iter traverse 1 to N in turn Enode From S IES,2 Obtain the Iter elementWill->Bringing the calculation methods defined in step S41 and step S42 into the process, and recording the result as VI_Up Iter And VI_Down Iter Iter traverses 1 through N Enode Vi_up calculated in the process Iter And VI_Down Iter Respectively forming a voltage amplitude vulnerability index matrix VI_Up for upwardly adjusting power nodes by control variables in a thermoelectric mode 2 And a control variable Down-regulates a voltage magnitude vulnerability index matrix vi_down of the power node 2 ；
Step S45, recording iteration variable as Iter, and making Iter traverse 1 to N in turn Gnode From S IES,3 Obtain the Iter elementWill->Bringing the calculation methods defined in step S41 and step S42 into the process, and recording the result as VI_Up Iter And VI_Down Iter Iter traverses 1 through N Gnode Vi_up calculated in the process Iter And VI_Down Iter Respectively forming a pressure vulnerability index matrix VI_Up for upward regulating natural gas nodes by control variables in a thermoelectric mode 3 And a control variable Down-regulates a pressure vulnerability index matrix vi_down of the natural gas node 3 ；
Step S46, recording the iteration variable 1 as Iter/u1. Iteration variable 2 is Iter_2, let Iter_1 traverse 1 to N in turn Hload Iter_2 traverses 1 to N in turn Enode From S IES,4 Obtain the element of Iter_1 row and Iter_2 columnWill->Bringing the calculation methods defined in step S41 and step S42 into the process, and recording the result as VI_Up Iter_1,Iter_2 And VI_Down Iter_1,Iter_2 Iter_1 traverses 1 through N Hload Iter_2 traverses 1 through N Enode Vi_up calculated in the process Iter_1,Iter_2 And VI_Down Iter_1,Iter_2 Respectively forming an index matrix VI_Up for upwardly adjusting indoor temperature vulnerability by controlling variables in an electrically heating mode 4 And a control variable for adjusting the indoor temperature vulnerability index matrix VI_Down 4 VI_Up Iter_1,Iter_2 As VI_Up 4 Element in Iter_1 row and Iter_2 column of the list VI_Down Iter_1,Iter_2 As VI_Down 4 Elements in Iter_1 row and Iter_2 column;
step S47, recording iteration variable 1 as Iter_1 and iteration variable 2 as Iter_2, sequentially traversing Iter_1 from 1 to N Enode Iter_2 traverses 1 to N in turn Enode From S IES,5 Obtain the element of Iter_1 row and Iter_2 columnWill->Bringing the calculation methods defined in step S41 and step S42 into the process, and recording the result as VI_Up Iter_1,Iter_2 And VI_Down Iter_1,Iter_2 Iter_1 traverses 1 through N Enode Iter_2 traverses 1 through N Enode Vi_up calculated in the process Iter_1,Iter_2 And VI_Down Iter_1,Iter_2 Respectively forming the voltage of the power node which is upwardly regulated by the control variable under the electric heating modeAmplitude vulnerability index matrix VI_Up 5 And a control variable for adjusting the indoor temperature vulnerability index matrix VI_Down 5 VI_Up Iter_1,Iter_2 As VI_Up 5 Element in Iter_1 row and Iter_2 column of the list VI_Down Iter_1,Iter_2 For VI_Down 5 Elements in Iter_1 row and Iter_2 column;
step S48, recording iteration variable 1 as Iter_1 and iteration variable 2 as Iter_2, and sequentially traversing Iter_1 from 1 to N Gnode Iter_2 traverses 1 to N in turn Enode From S IES,6 Obtain the element of Iter_1 row and Iter_2 columnWill->Bringing the calculation methods defined in step S41 and step S42 into the process, and recording the result as VI_Up Iter_1,Iter_2 And VI_Down Iter_1,Iter_2 Iter_1 traverses 1 through N Gnode Iter_2 traverses 1 through N Enode Vi_up calculated in the process Iter_1,Iter_2 And VI_Down Iter_1,Iter_2 Respectively forming a pressure vulnerability index matrix VI_Up for upward regulating natural gas nodes by using control variables in an electric heating mode 6 And a control variable Down-regulates a pressure vulnerability index matrix vi_down of the natural gas node 6 VI_Up Iter_1,Iter_2 As VI_Up 6 Element in Iter_1 row and Iter_2 column of the list VI_Down Iter_1,Iter_2 For VI_Down 6 Iter_1 row, iter_2 column.
Further, the step S5 specifically includes the following steps:
step S51, identifying a weak state variable in the indoor temperature when the control variable is adjusted upward and when the control variable is adjusted downward in the thermo-static mode:
recording deviceThe indoor temperature in the thermal load z1 is controlled in the thermoelectric modeA weak state variable in the indoor temperature when the variable is adjusted upward;
recording deviceThe indoor temperature in the thermal load z2 is a weak state variable in the indoor temperature when the control variable is adjusted downward in the thermoelectric mode;
step S52, identifying weak state variables in the voltage amplitudes of the power nodes when the control variable is adjusted upward and when the control variable is adjusted downward in the thermo-static mode:
recording deviceThe voltage magnitude at the power node z3 is a weak state variable in the voltage magnitude when the control variable is adjusted upward in the hot-set power mode;
Recording deviceThe voltage magnitude at power node z4 is a weak state variable in the voltage magnitude when the control variable is adjusted downward in the hot-set power mode;
step S53, identifying weak state variables in the pressure of the natural gas node when the control variable is adjusted upward and downward in the thermo-static mode:
recording deviceThe pressure at natural gas node z5 is a weak state variable in pressure when the control variable is adjusted upward in the thermoelectric mode;
recording deviceThe pressure at natural gas node z6 is the weak state variable in the pressure when the control variable is adjusted downward in the thermoelectric mode;
step S54, identifying weak state variables and key control variables in the thermodynamic system when the control variables are adjusted upward and downward in the electric heating mode:
recording deviceThe weak state variable in the thermodynamic system corresponding to the power load active power up-regulation at the power node i is the indoor temperature in the thermal load z 7;
recording deviceThe weak state variable in the thermodynamic system corresponding to the power load active power at the power node i is the indoor temperature in the thermal load z 8;
recording deviceWhen the active power of the electric load is up-regulated, the key control variable corresponding to the indoor temperature of the thermal load k in the electric power system is the active power of the electric load at the electric power node z 9;
Recording deviceWhen the active power of the electric load is regulated downwards, the key control variable corresponding to the indoor temperature of the thermal load k in the electric power system is the active power of the electric load at the electric power node z 10;
step S55, identifying weak state variables and key control variables in the electric power system when the control variables are adjusted upward and downward in the electric heating mode:
recording deviceThe weak state variable in the power system corresponding to the power load active power up-regulation at the power node j is the voltage amplitude at the power node z 11;
recording deviceThe weak state variable corresponding to the power load active power down-regulation at the power node j in the power system is the power sectionThe voltage magnitude at point z 12;
recording deviceWhen the active power of the power load is up-regulated, the key control variable corresponding to the voltage amplitude of the power node i in the power system is the active power of the power load at the power node z 13;
recording deviceWhen the active power of the power load is regulated downwards, the key control variable corresponding to the voltage amplitude of the power node i in the power system is the active power of the power load at the power node z 14;
step S56, identifying weak state variables and key control variables in the natural gas system when the control variables are adjusted upward and downward in the electric heating mode:
Recording deviceThe weak state variable in the natural gas system corresponding to the power load active power up-regulation at the power node i is the pressure at the natural gas node z 15;
recording deviceThe weak state variable in the natural gas system corresponding to the power load active power at the power node i is the pressure at the natural gas node z 16;
recording deviceWhen the active power of the power load is up-regulated, the key control variable corresponding to the pressure of the natural node u in the power system is the active power of the power load at the power node z 17;
recording deviceThen the active power of the electric load is regulated downwards, and the electric system is matched with the natural powerThe key control variable corresponding to node u pressure is the electrical load active power at electrical node z 18.
The invention also provides a comprehensive energy system safety evaluation system based on the vulnerability index, which adopts the method to evaluate the comprehensive energy system safety, and comprises a comprehensive energy system steady-state model unit, a state data acquisition unit and a safety evaluation unit;
steady-state model unit of comprehensive energy system: the method is responsible for generating a steady-state model of the comprehensive energy system and storing each set parameter and operation limit value in the steady-state model of the comprehensive energy system;
A state data acquisition unit: the method is in charge of directly reading current state data from the comprehensive energy system or calculating a steady-state model of the comprehensive energy system based on a control variable value given by an operator to obtain the state data;
security evaluation unit: and calculating each sensitivity matrix in the comprehensive energy system based on the steady-state model and the state data of the comprehensive energy system, further calculating each vulnerability index matrix, and finally identifying weak state variables and key control variables in the comprehensive energy system.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the comprehensive energy system safety evaluation method based on the vulnerability index can simultaneously consider the sensitivity of the state variable in the comprehensive energy system to the control variable, the current value of the state variable and the operation limit value, and can accurately identify the key control variable and the weak state variable in the comprehensive energy system. Meanwhile, the invention considers two operation modes of electric heating and electric heating of the comprehensive energy system, and can be applied to different scenes of the comprehensive energy system. The method is expected to provide multidimensional safety information for operators of the comprehensive energy system and promote the improvement of the safety level of the comprehensive energy system.
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FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an implementation of a comprehensive energy system security assessment method based on vulnerability indicators;
FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of a comprehensive energy system security assessment system based on vulnerability indicators.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are simplified schematic representations which illustrate the basic structure of the invention in a schematic manner only, and therefore show only the structures which are relevant to the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a comprehensive energy system safety evaluation method based on vulnerability indexes, which comprises the following steps:
a comprehensive energy system safety evaluation method based on vulnerability indexes comprises the following steps:
step S1, establishing a steady-state model of a comprehensive energy system based on a topological structure of the comprehensive energy system;
s2, directly acquiring state data from the comprehensive energy system, or acquiring the state data by solving a steady state model of the comprehensive energy system by a given control variable value;
step S3, calculating a sensitivity matrix in the comprehensive energy system based on the steady-state model and the state data of the comprehensive energy system;
s4, calculating a vulnerability index matrix in the comprehensive energy system based on the state data, the sensitivity matrix and the operation limit value;
And S5, identifying weak state variables corresponding to all the control variables in the comprehensive energy system and key control variables corresponding to all the state variables based on the vulnerability index matrix.
In the above technical scheme, further, the steady-state model of the comprehensive energy system comprises a cogeneration unit output model, an electric power system model, a thermodynamic system model and a natural gas system model; the step S1 specifically comprises the following steps:
step S11, building a cogeneration unit output model:
P CHP ＝γL CHP η CHP
H CHP ＝αP CHP
wherein P is CHP And H CHP Electric power and thermal power generated by the cogeneration unit are respectively, gamma is the heat value of natural gas, L CHP Flow rate eta of natural gas consumed by cogeneration unit CHP And alpha is the power generation power and the heat-electricity ratio of the cogeneration unit respectively;
step S12, a power system model is established:
wherein i and j are the numbers of the power nodes, Ω E For a set of all power nodes, N Enode ΔP, the number of power nodes i And DeltaQ i The unbalance amounts of active power and reactive power at the power node i are respectively P G,i And Q G,i Active power and reactive power respectively provided by an upper power grid, a thermal power generating unit and a cogeneration unit at a power node i, P L,i And Q L,i Active power and reactive power respectively consumed by the power load at power node i, U i And U j The voltage amplitudes at power node i and power node j, G ij And B ij The conductance and susceptance, θ, of the line between power node i and power node j, respectively ij Is the difference between the voltage phase angles at power node i and power node j;
step S13, a thermodynamic system model is established;
step S131, establishing a branch flow characteristic equation in the thermodynamic system:
π H,k -π H,l ＝K kl f H,kl |f H,kl |+HD H,kl ，k,l∈Ω H
wherein k and l are the numbers of thermal nodes; omega shape H A set of all thermodynamic nodes; pi H,k And pi H,l The pressure at thermal node k and thermal node l, respectivelyForce; k (K) kl The resistance characteristic coefficient of the branch between the thermal node k and the thermal node l is given by an operator of the comprehensive energy system; f (f) H,kl For the flow of hot water in the branch between the thermal node k and the thermal node l, HD H,kl Is the lift on the branch between the thermal node k and the thermal node l;
step S132, establishing a node flow conservation equation in the thermodynamic system:
A H f H ＝L H
wherein A is H For node-branch association matrix not including balance node in thermodynamic system, f H Column vectors, L, formed for the flow of hot water in all branches of the thermodynamic system H The flow rate of the hot water flowing out of each thermodynamic node;
Step S133, establishing a thermodynamic node energy conservation equation in the thermodynamic system:
wherein m is the number of the thermodynamic branch, Ω 1,k Omega is a set of thermodynamic branches ending at a thermodynamic node k 2,k For a collection of thermodynamic branches starting at thermodynamic node k, f H,m For the flow of hot water in the thermodynamic branch m, T o,m Is the temperature of hot water at the outlet of the thermal branch path m, T a,k The temperature of the hot water at the thermal node k;
step S134, a heat source branch equation in the thermodynamic system is established:
wherein n is the number of the heat source branch, s n Numbering the thermodynamic nodes at the starting point of the heat source branch n, H n Generating thermal power for a heat source, f H,n C is the flow of hot water in the heat source branch p Constant pressure specific heat, T, of hot water o,n For the temperature of the hot water at the outlet of the heat source branch n, T a,Sn To be used asThermal node s, which is the starting point of heat source branch n n The temperature of the hot water;
step 135, establishing a pipeline branch equation in the thermodynamic system:
wherein s is m Numbering the thermodynamic node at the beginning of the heat source branch m, T a,Sm As a thermal node s as a starting point of a heat source branch m m Temperature of hot water T env Is at ambient temperature lambda m Is the heat radiation coefficient of the heat source branch m, L m Is the length of the heat source branch m;
step 136, establishing a thermal load branch equation in the thermodynamic system:
Wherein t is the number of the heat load branch, s t Numbering the thermal nodes at the beginning of the thermal load branch T, T a,St For a thermal node s as the starting point of the heat source branch t t Temperature of hot water T o,t For the temperature of the hot water at the outlet of the heat source branch t, K t,1 Is the total heat exchange coefficient, T, of the radiator in the heat load chamber on the heat load branch T in,t For the indoor temperature, K, of the thermal load on the thermal load branch t t,2 The total heat dissipation coefficient of the building where the thermal load is located on the thermal load branch t;
step 137, synthesizing all thermodynamic node energy conservation equations, heat source branch equations, pipeline branch equations and heat load branch equations in the thermodynamic system to obtain a thermodynamic model of the thermodynamic system in a matrix form:
AX＝B
wherein A is a constant matrix formed by coefficients of unknown variables in all thermodynamic node energy conservation equations, heat source branch equations, pipeline branch equations and heat load branch equations; x is a column vector formed by unknown variables in all thermodynamic node energy conservation equations, heat source branch equations, pipeline branch equations and heat load branch equations, wherein the meaning of elements corresponding to each node temperature and branch outlet temperature in X is the difference value between each node temperature and branch outlet temperature and the environment temperature; b is a constant column vector formed by constants on the right sides of all thermodynamic node energy conservation equations, heat source branch equations, pipeline branch equations and heat load branch equations;
S14, building a natural gas system model;
step S141, establishing a branch flow characteristic equation in the natural gas system:
wherein u and v are the numbers of natural gas nodes; omega shape G A set of all natural gas nodes; f (f) G,uv The flow of the natural gas in the branch between the natural gas node u and the natural gas node v; c (C) uv The resistance characteristic coefficient of the branch between the natural gas node u and the natural gas node v is given by an operator of the comprehensive energy system; pi G,u And pi G,v The pressures at natural gas node u and natural gas node v, respectively; sgn (s gn) G,uv As a sign function, when pi G,u Pi or more G,v Time sgn G,uv Has a value of 1 when pi G,u Less than pi G,v Time sgn G,uv The value of (2) is-1;
step S142, a node flow conservation equation in the natural gas system is established:
A g f g ＝L g
wherein A is g Is a node-branch incidence matrix which does not contain balance nodes in a natural gas system, f g Column vectors formed by the flows of the natural gas in all branches in the natural gas system, L g The flow of natural gas out of each natural gas node.
Further, the step S2 specifically includes:
when the state data of the comprehensive energy system can be directly obtained, directly obtaining the state data of the comprehensive energy system including the electric power and the thermal power generated by the cogeneration unit, the active power, the reactive power, the voltage amplitude and the voltage phase angle of each node in the electric power system, the flow rate of hot water in each branch in the thermodynamic system, the temperature of the thermodynamic node, the outlet temperature of the branch and the indoor temperature of the thermal load, and executing the step S3 after the pressure of each natural gas node in the natural gas system and the state data of the comprehensive energy system including the flow rate of natural gas in each branch are obtained;
When the state data of the integrated energy system cannot be directly obtained, the control variable values including the active power and the reactive power of each PQ node, the active power and the voltage amplitude of each PV node, the voltage amplitude and the voltage phase angle of each balance node in the power system, the lift on each branch in the thermodynamic system and the pressure of the balance node, the flow rate of the natural gas flowing out of each node in the natural gas system and the natural gas pressure at the balance node are required to be given, the integrated energy system steady-state model established in the step S1 is solved by utilizing the Newton-Lapherson method, so that the integrated energy system state data including the electric power and the thermal power generated by the cogeneration unit, the active power, the reactive power, the voltage amplitude and the voltage phase angle of each node in the power system, the flow rate of the hot water in each branch in the thermodynamic system, the thermodynamic node temperature, the branch outlet temperature and the indoor temperature of the thermal load, the pressure of each natural gas node in the natural gas system and the natural gas flow rate in each branch are obtained, and the integrated energy system state data in the step S3 is executed.
Further, the step S3 specifically includes the following steps:
step S31, calculating the sensitivity in an electric power system, a thermodynamic system and a natural gas system;
And step S32, calculating the sensitivity of the comprehensive energy system in the thermoelectric mode and in the electric heating mode.
Further, the step S31 specifically includes the following steps:
step S311, calculating sensitivity in the power system:
s3111 computing Jacobian matrix J in a Power System e ：
Wherein Δp and Δq are column vectors composed of unbalance amounts of active power and unbalance amounts of reactive power at all power nodes, respectively, and θ and U are column vectors composed of voltage phase angles and voltage amplitudes at all power nodes, respectively;
step S3112, calculating sensitivity S of node voltage phase angle column vector θ and voltage amplitude column vector U in the power system to active power and reactive power generated by the power generation device E，1 ：
Wherein [ J e ] -1 Is J e Inverse matrix of P G And Q G The system comprises a row vector consisting of active power and a row vector consisting of reactive power, wherein the row vector consists of active power generated by an upper power grid, a thermal power unit and a cogeneration unit;
step S3113, calculating sensitivity S of node voltage phase angle column vector θ and voltage amplitude column vector U to active power and reactive power of the power load in the power system E,2 ：
Wherein P is L And Q L Column vectors composed of active power and column vectors composed of reactive power of the power load respectively;
Step S312, calculating the sensitivity in the thermodynamic system:
s3121 calculates the inverse matrix of the constant matrix A and marks as C;
step S3122, calculating to obtain a constant column vector D, wherein each element in D is obtained by dividing an element at a corresponding position in the constant column vector B by a given control variable value in the thermodynamic system;
step S3123, calculating the sensitivity S of the state variable to the control variable in the thermodynamic system H ：
S H ＝AD；
Step S313, calculating the sensitivity in the natural gas system:
step S3131, computing a Jacobian matrix J in the Natural gas System g ：
Wherein R is g Is a diagonal matrix, the elements r of the ith row and the ith column g,ii The method comprises the following steps:
wherein f g,i Is the natural gas flow in the ith natural gas branch, s i And e i The start point and the end point of the ith natural gas branch respectively,and->Respectively natural gas nodes s i And natural gas node e i Pressure at;
step S3132, calculating sensitivity S in the natural gas system G ：
Further, the step S32 specifically includes the following steps:
step S321, calculating the sensitivity of the comprehensive energy system in a thermoelectric mode;
step S3211 calculates an indoor temperature T in the thermoelectric mode in,k For the temperature T of hot water at the outlet of the heat source branch o,n Sensitivity S of (2) IES,1 ：
Wherein N is Hload Is the number of heat loads in the thermodynamic system, S IES,1 Any of the followingThe calculation method of (2) is as follows:
in the formula la k Is T in,k The position number in X is given by the number,is the la in the matrix C k Elements of row, j-th column, d j Is the j-th element in the constant column vector D;
step S3212, calculating the temperature T of the hot water at the outlet of the heat source branch by the voltage amplitude U of the power node in the thermoelectric mode o,n Sensitivity S of (2) IES,2 ：
Wherein N is Enode Is the number of power nodes in the power system, S IES,2 Any of the followingThe calculation method of (2) is as follows:
/>
in the method, in the process of the invention,is from S E，1 Element P of (3) CHP The active power generated by the cogeneration unit is alpha, which is the thermoelectric ratio of the cogeneration unit, la n Thermal power H generated for a cogeneration unit CHP Position number in X;
step S3213, calculating the pressure pi of the natural gas node in the thermoelectric mode g,u For the temperature T of hot water at the outlet of the heat source branch o,n Sensitivity S of (2) IES,3 ：
Wherein N is Gnode Is the number of natural gas nodes in the natural gas system, S IES,3 Any of the followingThe calculation method of (1) is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,is from S G Elements of (a) and (b); η (eta) CHP The power generation efficiency of the cogeneration unit is that gamma is the heat value of natural gas;
step S322, calculating the sensitivity of the comprehensive energy system in an electric heating mode;
step S3221, calculating the indoor temperature T under the electric heating mode n,k Active power P to electrical load L,i Sensitivity S of (2) IES,4 ：
Wherein S is IES,4 Elements of the kth row, ith columnThe calculation method of (2) is as follows:
wherein P is loss P is the active power loss in the power system L,i As the active power of the load at power node i,the calculation method of (2) is as follows:
/>
in the method, in the process of the invention,is S E,2 A list of elements->Any one of->And->Any one of->The calculation method of (2) is as follows:
wherein G is si Is the conductance between power node s and power node i;
step S3222, calculating the sensitivity S of the voltage amplitude of the power node to the active power of the power load in the electric heating mode IES,5 ：
Step S3223, calculating the pressure pi of the natural gas node in the electric heating mode g,u Active power P to electrical load L,i Sensitivity S of (2) IES,6 ：
Wherein S is IES,6 Elements of the ith row and ith columnThe calculation method of (2) is as follows:
further, the step S4 specifically includes the following steps:
step S41, defining a state variable vulnerability index VI_Up calculation method when the control variable is adjusted upwards:
wherein V is state Is any one state variable of an electric power system, a thermodynamic system and a natural gas system, V control For control in integrated energy systemsA variable; in thermoelectric mode V control For the temperature T of the hot water at the outlet of the heat source branch n o,n Under electric heating mode V control Active power P consumed for power load at power node i L,i ，Is a state variable V state For controlling variable V control Sensitivity of V state,max And V state,min Is a state variable V state Upper and lower limits of (2);
step S42, defining a state variable vulnerability index vi_down calculation method when the control variable is adjusted downward:
step S43, recording the iteration variable as Iter, and making Iter traverse 1 to N in turn Hload From S IES,1 Obtain the Iter elementWill->Bringing the calculation methods defined in step S41 and step S42 into the process, and recording the result as VI_Up Iter And VI_Down Iter Iter traverses 1 through N Hload Vi_up calculated in the process Iter And VI_Down Iter Respectively forming an indoor temperature vulnerability index matrix VI_Up which is upwardly adjusted by a control variable under a thermoelectric mode 1 And a control variable for adjusting the indoor temperature vulnerability index matrix VI_Down 1 ；
Step S44, recording the iteration variable as Iter, and making Iter traverse 1 to N in turn Enode From S IES,2 Obtain the Iter elementWill->Bringing the calculation methods defined in step S41 and step S42 into the process, and recording the result as VI_Up Iter And VI_Down Iter Iter traverses 1 through N Enode Vi_up calculated in the process Iter And VI_Down Iter Respectively forming a voltage amplitude vulnerability index matrix VI_Up for upwardly adjusting power nodes by control variables in a thermoelectric mode 2 And a control variable Down-regulates a voltage magnitude vulnerability index matrix vi_down of the power node 2 ；
Step S45, recording iteration variable as Iter, and making Iter traverse 1 to N in turn Gnode From S IES,3 Obtain the Iter elementWill->Bringing the calculation methods defined in step S41 and step S42 into the process, and recording the result as VI_Up Iter And VI_Down Iter Iter traverses 1 through N Gnode Vi_up calculated in the process Iter And VI_Down Iter Respectively forming a pressure vulnerability index matrix VI_Up for upward regulating natural gas nodes by control variables in a thermoelectric mode 3 And a control variable Down-regulates a pressure vulnerability index matrix vi_down of the natural gas node 3 ；
Step S46, recording iteration variable 1 as Iter_1 and iteration variable 2 as Iter_2, and sequentially traversing Iter_1 from 1 to N Hload Iter_2 traverses 1 to N in turn Enode From S IES,4 Obtain the element of Iter_1 row and Iter_2 columnWill->Bringing the calculation methods defined in step S41 and step S42 into the process, and recording the result as VI_Up Iter_1,Iter_2 And VI_Down Iter_1,Iter_2 Iter_1 traverses 1 through N Hload Iter_2 traverses 1 through N Enode Vi_up calculated in the process Iter_1,Iter_2 And VI_Down Iter_1,Iter_2 Respectively forming an index matrix VI_Up for upwardly adjusting indoor temperature vulnerability by controlling variables in an electrically heating mode 4 And a control variable for adjusting the indoor temperature vulnerability index matrix VI_Down 4 VI_Up Iter_1,Iter_2 As VI_Up 4 Element in Iter_1 row and Iter_2 column of the list VI_Down Iter_1,Iter_2 As VI_Down 4 Elements in Iter_1 row and Iter_2 column;
step S47, recording iteration variable 1 as Iter_1 and iteration variable 2 as Iter_2, sequentially traversing Iter_1 from 1 to N Enode Iter_2 traverses 1 to N in turn Enode From S IES,5 Obtain the element of Iter_1 row and Iter_2 columnWill->Bringing the calculation methods defined in step S41 and step S42 into the process, and recording the result as VI_Up Iter_1,Iter_2 And VI_Down Iter_1,Iter_2 Iter_1 traverses 1 through N Enode Iter_2 traverses 1 through N Enode Vi_up calculated in the process Iter_1,Iter_2 And VI_Down Iter_1,Iter_2 Respectively forming a voltage amplitude vulnerability index matrix VI_Up for upwardly adjusting power nodes by control variables in an electric heating mode 5 And a control variable for adjusting the indoor temperature vulnerability index matrix VI_Down 5 VI_Up Iter_1,Iter_2 As VI_Up 5 Element in Iter_1 row and Iter_2 column of the list VI_Down Iter_1,Iter_2 For VI_Down 5 Elements in Iter_1 row and Iter_2 column;
step S48, recording iteration variable 1 as Iter_1 and iteration variable 2 as Iter_2, and sequentially traversing Iter_1 from 1 to N Gnode Iter_2 traverses 1 to N in turn Enode From S IES,6 Obtain Iter_1st row, IElement of column ter_2Will->Bringing the calculation methods defined in step S41 and step S42 into the process, and recording the result as VI_Up Iter_1,Iter_2 And VI_Down Iter_1,Iter_2 Iter_1 traverses 1 through N Gnode Iter_2 traverses 1 through N Enode Vi_up calculated in the process Iter_1,Iter_2 And VI_Down Iter_1,Iter_2 Respectively forming a pressure vulnerability index matrix VI_Up for upward regulating natural gas nodes by using control variables in an electric heating mode 6 And a control variable Down-regulates a pressure vulnerability index matrix vi_down of the natural gas node 6 VI_Up Iter_1,Iter_2 As VI_Up 6 Element in Iter_1 row and Iter_2 column of the list VI_Down Iter_1,Iter_2 For VI_Down 6 Iter_1 row, iter_2 column.
Further, the step S5 specifically includes the following steps:
step S51, identifying a weak state variable in the indoor temperature when the control variable is adjusted upward and when the control variable is adjusted downward in the thermo-static mode:
recording deviceThe indoor temperature in the thermal load z1 is a weak state variable in the indoor temperature when the control variable is adjusted upward in the thermoelectric mode;
recording deviceThe indoor temperature in the thermal load z2 is a weak state variable in the indoor temperature when the control variable is adjusted downward in the thermoelectric mode;
step S52, identifying weak state variables in the voltage amplitudes of the power nodes when the control variable is adjusted upward and when the control variable is adjusted downward in the thermo-static mode:
recording deviceThe voltage magnitude at the power node z3 is a weak state variable in the voltage magnitude when the control variable is adjusted upward in the hot-set power mode;
Recording deviceThe voltage magnitude at power node z4 is a weak state variable in the voltage magnitude when the control variable is adjusted downward in the hot-set power mode;
step S53, identifying weak state variables in the pressure of the natural gas node when the control variable is adjusted upward and downward in the thermo-static mode:
recording deviceThe pressure at natural gas node z5 is a weak state variable in pressure when the control variable is adjusted upward in the thermoelectric mode;
recording deviceThe pressure at natural gas node z6 is the weak state variable in the pressure when the control variable is adjusted downward in the thermoelectric mode;
step S54, identifying weak state variables and key control variables in the thermodynamic system when the control variables are adjusted upward and downward in the electric heating mode:
recording deviceThe weak state variable in the thermodynamic system corresponding to the power load active power up-regulation at the power node i is the indoor temperature in the thermal load z 7;
recording deviceThen the active power of the electric load at the electric node i in the thermodynamic system is adjusted downwardsThe corresponding weak state variable is the indoor temperature within the thermal load z 8;
recording deviceWhen the active power of the electric load is up-regulated, the key control variable corresponding to the indoor temperature of the thermal load k in the electric power system is the active power of the electric load at the electric power node z 9;
Recording deviceWhen the active power of the electric load is regulated downwards, the key control variable corresponding to the indoor temperature of the thermal load k in the electric power system is the active power of the electric load at the electric power node z 10;
step S55, identifying weak state variables and key control variables in the electric power system when the control variables are adjusted upward and downward in the electric heating mode:
recording deviceThe weak state variable in the power system corresponding to the power load active power up-regulation at the power node j is the voltage amplitude at the power node z 11;
recording deviceThe weak state variable in the power system corresponding to the power load active power at the power node j is the voltage amplitude at the power node z 12;
recording deviceWhen the active power of the power load is up-regulated, the key control variable corresponding to the voltage amplitude of the power node i in the power system is the active power of the power load at the power node z 13;
recording deviceThe power load active powerWhen the power system is regulated downwards, the key control variable corresponding to the voltage amplitude of the power node i in the power system is the active power of the power load at the power node z 14;
step S56, identifying weak state variables and key control variables in the natural gas system when the control variables are adjusted upward and downward in the electric heating mode:
Recording deviceThe weak state variable in the natural gas system corresponding to the power load active power up-regulation at the power node i is the pressure at the natural gas node z 15;
recording deviceThe weak state variable in the natural gas system corresponding to the power load active power at the power node i is the pressure at the natural gas node z 16;
recording deviceWhen the active power of the power load is up-regulated, the key control variable corresponding to the pressure of the natural node u in the power system is the active power of the power load at the power node z 17;
recording deviceThen the key control variable in the power system corresponding to the natural node u pressure is the power load active power at power node z18 as the power load active power is down regulated.
Example 2
On the basis of embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 2, the invention also provides a comprehensive energy system safety evaluation system based on vulnerability indexes, which comprises the following parts:
steady-state model unit of comprehensive energy system: the method is responsible for generating a steady-state model of the comprehensive energy system and storing each set parameter and operation limit value in the steady-state model of the comprehensive energy system;
a state data acquisition unit: the method is in charge of directly reading current state data from the comprehensive energy system or calculating a steady-state model of the comprehensive energy system based on a control variable value given by an operator to obtain the state data;
Security evaluation unit: and calculating each sensitivity matrix in the comprehensive energy system based on the state data, further calculating each vulnerability index matrix, and finally identifying weak state variables and key control variables in the comprehensive energy system.

Claims (8)

1. The comprehensive energy system safety evaluation method based on the vulnerability index is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1, establishing a steady-state model of a comprehensive energy system based on a topological structure of the comprehensive energy system;
s2, directly acquiring state data from the comprehensive energy system, or solving a steady-state model of the comprehensive energy system according to a given control variable value so as to acquire the state data;
step S3, calculating a sensitivity matrix in the comprehensive energy system based on the steady-state model and the state data of the comprehensive energy system;
s4, calculating a vulnerability index matrix in the comprehensive energy system based on the state data, the sensitivity matrix and the operation limit value;
s5, based on the vulnerability index matrix, identifying weak state variables corresponding to all the control variables in the comprehensive energy system and key control variables corresponding to all the state variables;
the comprehensive energy system steady-state model comprises a cogeneration unit output model, an electric power system model, a thermodynamic system model and a natural gas system model; the step S1 specifically comprises the following steps:
Step S11, building a cogeneration unit output model:
P CHP ＝γL CHP η CHP
H CHP ＝αP CHP
wherein P is CHP And H CHP Respectively cogenerationElectric power and thermal power generated by the unit, wherein gamma is the heat value of natural gas, L CHP Flow rate eta of natural gas consumed by cogeneration unit CHP And alpha is the power generation power and the heat-electricity ratio of the cogeneration unit respectively;
step S12, a power system model is established:
wherein i and j are the numbers of the power nodes, Ω E For a set of all power nodes, N Enode As the number of power nodes, ΔP i And DeltaQ i The unbalance amounts of active power and reactive power at the power node i are respectively P G,i And Q G,i Active power and reactive power respectively provided by an upper power grid, a thermal power generating unit and a cogeneration unit at a power node i, P L,i And Q L,i Active power and reactive power respectively consumed by the power load at power node i, U i And U j The voltage amplitudes at power node i and power node j, G ij And B ij The conductance and susceptance, θ, of the line between power node i and power node j, respectively ij Is the difference between the voltage phase angles at power node i and power node j;
step S13, a thermodynamic system model is established;
step S131, establishing a branch flow characteristic equation in the thermodynamic system:
π H,k -π H,l ＝K kl f H,kl |f H,kl |+HD H,kl ，k,l∈Ω H
wherein k and l are the numbers of thermal nodes; omega shape H A set of all thermodynamic nodes; pi H,k And pi H,l The pressures at thermodynamic node k and thermodynamic node l, respectively; k (K) kl The resistance characteristic coefficient of the branch between the thermal node k and the thermal node l is given by an operator of the comprehensive energy system; f (f) H,kl For the flow of hot water in the branch between the thermal node k and the thermal node l, HD H,kl Is the lift on the branch between the thermal node k and the thermal node l;
step S132, establishing a node flow conservation equation in the thermodynamic system:
A H f H ＝L H
wherein A is H For node-branch association matrix not including balance node in thermodynamic system, f H Column vectors, L, formed for the flow of hot water in all branches of the thermodynamic system H The flow rate of the hot water flowing out of each thermodynamic node;
step S133, establishing a thermodynamic node energy conservation equation in the thermodynamic system:
wherein m is the number of the thermodynamic branch, Ω 1,k Omega is a set of thermodynamic branches ending at a thermodynamic node k 2,k For a collection of thermodynamic branches starting at thermodynamic node k, f H,m For the flow of hot water in the thermodynamic branch m, T o,m For the temperature of the hot water at the outlet of the thermodynamic branch m, T a,k The temperature of the hot water at the thermal node k;
step S134, a heat source branch equation in the thermodynamic system is established:
wherein n is the number of the heat source branch, s n Numbering the thermodynamic nodes at the starting point of the heat source branch n, H n Generating thermal power for a heat source, f H,n C is the flow of hot water in the heat source branch p Constant pressure specific heat, T, of hot water o,n For the temperature of the hot water at the outlet of the heat source branch n, T a,Sn As a heat sourceThermal node s of the start of branch n n The temperature of the hot water;
step 135, establishing a pipeline branch equation in the thermodynamic system:
wherein s is m Numbering the thermodynamic node at the beginning of the heat source branch m, T a,Sm For a thermal node s as the starting point of the heat source branch m m Temperature of hot water T env Is at ambient temperature lambda m Is the heat radiation coefficient of the heat source branch m, L m Is the length of the heat source branch m;
step 136, establishing a thermal load branch equation in the thermodynamic system:
wherein t is the number of the heat load branch, s t Numbering the thermal nodes at the beginning of the thermal load branch T, T a,St For a thermal node s as the starting point of the heat source branch t t Temperature of hot water T o,t For the temperature of the hot water at the outlet of the heat source branch t, K t,1 Is the total heat exchange coefficient of the radiator in the heat load chamber on the heat load branch circuit T, T in,t For the indoor temperature, K, of the thermal load on the thermal load branch t t,2 The total heat dissipation coefficient of the building where the thermal load is located on the thermal load branch t;
step 137, synthesizing all thermodynamic node energy conservation equations, heat source branch equations, pipeline branch equations and heat load branch equations in the thermodynamic system to obtain a thermodynamic model of the thermodynamic system in a matrix form:
AX＝B
Wherein A is a constant matrix formed by coefficients of unknown variables in all thermodynamic node energy conservation equations, heat source branch equations, pipeline branch equations and heat load branch equations; x is a column vector formed by unknown variables in all thermodynamic node energy conservation equations, heat source branch equations, pipeline branch equations and heat load branch equations, wherein the meaning of elements corresponding to each node temperature and branch outlet temperature in X is the difference value between each node temperature and branch outlet temperature and the environment temperature; b is a constant column vector formed by constants on the right sides of all thermodynamic node energy conservation equations, heat source branch equations, pipeline branch equations and heat load branch equations;
s14, building a natural gas system model;
step S141, establishing a branch flow characteristic equation in the natural gas system:
wherein u and v are the numbers of natural gas nodes; omega shape G A set of all natural gas nodes; f (f) G,uv The flow of the natural gas in the branch between the natural gas node u and the natural gas node v; c (C) uv The resistance characteristic coefficient of the branch between the natural gas node u and the natural gas node v is given by an operator of the comprehensive energy system; pi G,u And pi G,v The pressures at natural gas node u and natural gas node v, respectively; sgn (s gn) G,uv As a sign function, when pi G,u Pi or more G,v Time sgn G,uv Has a value of 1 when pi G,u Less than pi G,v Time sgn G,uv The value of (2) is-1;
step S142, a node flow conservation equation in the natural gas system is established:
A g f g ＝L g
wherein A is g Is a node-branch incidence matrix which does not contain balance nodes in a natural gas system, f g Is a column vector formed by the flow of the natural gas in all branches in the natural gas system, L g Flow rate of natural gas flowing out of each natural gas node。
2. The comprehensive energy system safety evaluation method based on the vulnerability index according to claim 1, wherein the step S2 specifically comprises:
when the state data of the comprehensive energy system can be directly obtained, directly obtaining the state data of the comprehensive energy system including the electric power and the thermal power generated by the cogeneration unit, the active power, the reactive power, the voltage amplitude and the voltage phase angle of each node in the electric power system, the flow rate of hot water in each branch in the thermodynamic system, the temperature of the thermodynamic node, the outlet temperature of the branch and the indoor temperature of the thermal load, and executing step S3 after the pressure of each natural gas node in the natural gas system and the state data of the comprehensive energy system including the flow rate of natural gas in each branch are obtained;
when the state data of the integrated energy system cannot be directly obtained, the control variable values including the active power and the reactive power of each PQ node, the active power and the voltage amplitude of each PV node, the voltage amplitude and the voltage phase angle of each balance node in the power system, the lift on each branch in the thermodynamic system and the pressure of the balance node, the flow rate of the natural gas flowing out from each node in the natural gas system and the natural gas pressure at the balance node are required to be given, the steady-state model of the integrated energy system established in the step S1 is solved by utilizing the Newton-Lapherson method, so that the integrated energy system state data including the electric power and the thermal power generated by the cogeneration unit, the active power, the reactive power, the voltage amplitude and the voltage phase angle of each node in the power system, the flow rate of the hot water in each branch in the thermodynamic system, the thermodynamic node temperature, the branch outlet temperature and the indoor temperature of the thermal load are obtained, and the pressure of each natural gas node in the natural gas system are obtained, and the integrated energy system state data including the flow rate of the natural gas in each branch is executed in the step S3.
3. The method for evaluating the safety of the integrated energy system based on the vulnerability index according to claim 1, wherein the step S3 specifically comprises the following steps:
step S31, calculating the sensitivity in an electric power system, a thermodynamic system and a natural gas system;
and step S32, calculating the sensitivity of the comprehensive energy system in the thermoelectric mode and in the electric heating mode.
4. The method for evaluating the safety of a comprehensive energy system based on vulnerability indexes according to claim 3, wherein the step S31 specifically comprises the following steps:
step S311, calculating sensitivity in the power system:
s3111 computing Jacobian matrix J in a Power System e ：
Wherein Δp and Δq are column vectors composed of unbalance amounts of active power and unbalance amounts of reactive power at all power nodes, respectively, and θ and U are column vectors composed of voltage phase angles and voltage amplitudes at all power nodes, respectively;
step S3112, calculating sensitivity S of node voltage phase angle column vector θ and voltage amplitude column vector U in the power system to active power and reactive power generated by the power generation device E，1 ：
Wherein [ J e ] -1 Is J e Inverse matrix of P G And Q G The system comprises a row vector consisting of active power and a row vector consisting of reactive power, wherein the row vector consists of active power generated by an upper power grid, a thermal power unit and a cogeneration unit;
Step S3113, calculating sensitivity S of node voltage phase angle column vector θ and voltage amplitude column vector U to active power and reactive power of the power load in the power system E,2 ：
Wherein P is L And Q L Column vectors composed of active power and column vectors composed of reactive power of the power load respectively;
step S312, calculating the sensitivity in the thermodynamic system:
s3121 calculates the inverse matrix of the constant matrix A and marks as C;
step S3122, calculating to obtain a constant column vector D, wherein each element in D is obtained by dividing an element at a corresponding position in the constant column vector B by a given control variable value in the thermodynamic system;
step S3123, calculating the sensitivity S of the state variable to the control variable in the thermodynamic system H ：
S H ＝AD；
Step S313, calculating the sensitivity in the natural gas system:
step S3131, computing a Jacobian matrix J in the Natural gas System g ：
Wherein R is g Is a diagonal matrix, the elements r of the ith row and the ith column g,ii The method comprises the following steps:
wherein f g,i Is the natural gas flow in the ith natural gas branch, s i And e i The start point and the end point of the ith natural gas branch respectively,and->Respectively natural gas nodes s i And natureAir node e i Pressure at;
step S3132, calculating sensitivity S in the natural gas system G ：
5. The method for evaluating the safety of a comprehensive energy system based on vulnerability indexes according to claim 4, wherein the step S32 specifically comprises the steps of:
step S321, calculating the sensitivity of the comprehensive energy system in a thermoelectric mode;
step S3211 calculates an indoor temperature T in the thermoelectric mode in,k For the temperature T of hot water at the outlet of the heat source branch o,n Sensitivity S of (2) IES,1 ：
Wherein N is Hload Is the number of heat loads in the thermodynamic system, S IES,1 Any of the followingThe calculation method of (2) is as follows:
in the formula la k Is T in,k The position number in X is given by the number,is the la in the matrix C k Elements of row, j-th column, d j Is the j-th element in the constant column vector D;
step S3212, calculating a voltage amplitude U pair of the power node in the thermoelectric modeHot water temperature T at outlet of heat source branch o,n Sensitivity S of (2) IES,2 ：
Wherein N is Enode Is the number of power nodes in the power system, S IES,2 Any of the followingThe calculation method of (2) is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,is from S E，1 Element P of (3) CHP The active power generated by the cogeneration unit is alpha, which is the thermoelectric ratio of the cogeneration unit, la n Thermal power H generated for a cogeneration unit CHP Position number in X;
step S3213, calculating the pressure pi of the natural gas node in the thermoelectric mode g,u For the temperature T of hot water at the outlet of the heat source branch o,n Sensitivity S of (2) IES,3 ：
Wherein N is Gnode Is the number of natural gas nodes in the natural gas system, S IES,3 Any of the followingThe calculation method of (2) is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,is from S G Elements of (a) and (b); η (eta) CHP The power generation efficiency of the cogeneration unit is that gamma is the heat value of natural gas;
step S322, calculating the sensitivity of the comprehensive energy system in an electric heating mode;
step S3221, calculating the indoor temperature T under the electric heating mode n,k Active power P to electrical load L,i Sensitivity S of (2) IES,4 ：
Wherein S is IES,4 Elements of the kth row, ith columnThe calculation method of (2) is as follows:
wherein P is loss P is the active power loss in the power system L,i As the active power of the load at power node i,the calculation method of (2) is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,is S E,2 A list of elements->Any one of->And->Any of the followingThe calculation method of (2) is as follows:
wherein G is si Is the conductance between power node s and power node i;
step S3222, calculating the sensitivity S of the voltage amplitude of the power node to the active power of the power load in the electric heating mode IES,5 ：
Step S3223, calculating the pressure pi of the natural gas node in the electric heating mode g,u Active power P to electrical load L,i Sensitivity S of (2) IES,6 ：
Wherein S is IES,6 Elements of the ith row and ith column The calculation method of (2) is as follows:
6. the method for evaluating the safety of the integrated energy system based on the vulnerability index according to claim 5, wherein the step S4 specifically comprises the following steps:
step S41, defining a state variable vulnerability index VI_Up calculation method when the control variable is adjusted upwards:
wherein V is state Is any one state variable of an electric power system, a thermodynamic system and a natural gas system, V control Is a control variable in the comprehensive energy system; in thermoelectric mode V control For the temperature T of the hot water at the outlet of the heat source branch n o,n In electrically heating mode V control Active power P consumed for power load at power node i L,i ，Is a state variable V state For control variable V control Sensitivity of V state,max And V state,min Is a state variable V state Upper and lower limits of (2);
step S42, defining a state variable vulnerability index vi_down calculation method when the control variable is adjusted downward:
step S43, recording the iteration variable as Iter, and making Iter traverse 1 to N in turn Hload From S IES,1 Obtain the Iter elementWill->Bringing the calculation methods defined in step S41 and step S42 into the process, and recording the result as VI_Up Iter And VI_Down Iter Iter traverses 1 through N Hload Vi_up calculated in the process Iter And VI_Down Iter Respectively forming an indoor temperature vulnerability index matrix VI_Up which is upwardly adjusted by a control variable under a thermoelectric mode 1 And a control variable for adjusting the indoor temperature vulnerability index matrix VI_Down 1 ；
Step S44, recording the iteration variable as Iter, and making Iter traverse 1 to N in turn Enode From S IES,2 Obtain the Iter elementWill->Bringing the calculation methods defined in step S41 and step S42 into the process, and recording the result as VI_Up Iter And VI_Down Iter Iter traverses 1 through N Enode Vi_up calculated in the process Iter And VI_Down Iter Respectively forming a voltage amplitude vulnerability index matrix VI_Up for upwardly adjusting power nodes by control variables in a thermoelectric mode 2 And a control variable Down-regulates a voltage magnitude vulnerability index matrix vi_down of the power node 2 ；
Step S45, recording iteration variable as Iter, and making Iter traverse 1 to N in turn Gnode From S IES,3 Obtain the Iter elementWill->Bringing the calculation methods defined in step S41 and step S42 into the process, and recording the result as VI_Up Iter And VI_Down Iter Iter traverses 1 through N Gnode Vi_up calculated in the process Iter And VI_Down Iter Respectively forming a pressure vulnerability index matrix VI_Up for upward regulating natural gas nodes by control variables in a thermoelectric mode 3 And a control variable Down-regulates a pressure vulnerability index matrix vi_down of the natural gas node 3 ；
Step S46, recording iteration variable 1 as Iter_1 and iteration variable 2 as Iter_2, and sequentially traversing Iter_1 from 1 to N Hload Iter_2 traverses 1 to N in turn Enode From S IES,4 Obtain the element of Iter_1 row and Iter_2 columnWill beBringing the calculation methods defined in step S41 and step S42 into the process, and recording the result as VI_Up Iter_1,Iter_2 And VI_Down Iter_1,Iter_2 Iter_1 traverses 1 through N Hload Iter_2 traverses 1 through N Enode Vi_up calculated in the process Iter_1,Iter_2 And VI_Down Iter_1,Iter_2 Respectively forming an indoor temperature vulnerability index matrix VI_Up which is upwardly adjusted by control variables in an electric heating mode 4 And a control variable for adjusting the indoor temperature vulnerability index matrix VI_Down 4 VI_Up Iter_1,Iter_2 As VI_Up 4 Element in Iter_1 row and Iter_2 column of the list VI_Down Iter_1,Iter_2 As VI_Down 4 Elements in Iter_1 row and Iter_2 column;
step S47, recording iteration variable 1 as Iter_1 and iteration variable 2 as Iter_2, sequentially traversing Iter_1 from 1 to N Enode Iter_2 traverses 1 to N in turn Enode From S IES,5 Obtain the element of Iter_1 row and Iter_2 columnWill beBringing the calculation methods defined in step S41 and step S42 into the process, and recording the result as VI_Up Iter_1,Iter_2 And VI_Down Iter_1,Iter_2 Iter_1 traverses 1 through N Enode Iter_2 traverses 1 through N Enode Vi_up calculated in the process Iter_1,Iter_2 And VI_Down Iter_1,Iter_2 Respectively forming a voltage amplitude vulnerability index matrix VI_Up for upwardly adjusting power nodes by control variables in an electric heating mode 5 And a control variable for adjusting the indoor temperature vulnerability index matrix VI_Down 5 VI_Up Iter_1,Iter_2 As VI_Up 5 Element in Iter_1 row and Iter_2 column of the list VI_Down Iter_1,Iter_2 For VI_Down 5 Elements in Iter_1 row and Iter_2 column;
step S48, recording iteration variable 1 as Iter_1 and iteration variable 2 as Iter_2, and sequentially traversing Iter_1 from 1 to N Gnode Iter_2 traverses 1 to N in turn Enode From S IES,6 Obtain the element of Iter_1 row and Iter_2 columnWill beBringing the calculation methods defined in step S41 and step S42 into the process, and recording the result as VI_Up Iter_1,Iter_2 And VI_Down Iter_1,Iter_2 Iter_1 traverses 1 through N Gnode Iter_2 traverses 1 through N Enode Vi_up calculated in the process Iter_1,Iter_2 And VI_Down Iter_1,Iter_2 Respectively forming a pressure vulnerability index matrix VI_U for upward regulating natural gas nodes by using control variables in an electric heating modep 6 And a control variable Down-regulates a pressure vulnerability index matrix vi_down of the natural gas node 6 VI_Up Iter_1,Iter_2 As VI_Up 6 Element in Iter_1 row and Iter_2 column of the list VI_Down Iter_1,Iter_2 For VI_Down 6 Iter_1 row, iter_2 column.
7. The method for evaluating the safety of the integrated energy system based on the vulnerability index according to claim 6, wherein the step S5 specifically comprises the steps of:
step S51 of identifying weak state variables in the indoor temperature at the time of upward adjustment and at the time of downward adjustment of the control variable in the thermo-electric mode:
Recording deviceThe indoor temperature in the thermal load z1 is a weak state variable in the indoor temperature when the control variable is adjusted upward in the thermoelectric mode;
recording deviceThe indoor temperature in the thermal load z2 is a weak state variable in the indoor temperature when the control variable is adjusted downward in the thermoelectric mode;
step S52, identifying weak state variables in the voltage amplitudes of the power nodes when the control variable is adjusted upward and when the control variable is adjusted downward in the thermo-static mode:
recording deviceThe voltage magnitude at the power node z3 is a weak state variable in the voltage magnitude when the control variable is adjusted upward in the hot-set power mode;
recording deviceThe voltage magnitude at power node z4 is controlled in the thermoelectric mode downWeak state variables in voltage amplitude at the time of regulation;
step S53, identifying weak state variables in the pressure of the natural gas node when the control variable is adjusted upward and downward in the thermo-static mode:
recording deviceThe pressure at natural gas node z5 is the weak state variable in pressure when the control variable is adjusted upward in the thermoelectric mode;
recording deviceThe pressure at natural gas node z6 is the weak state variable in the pressure when the control variable is adjusted downward in the thermoelectric mode;
Step S54, identifying weak state variables and key control variables in the thermodynamic system when the control variables are adjusted upward and downward in the electric heating mode:
recording deviceThe weak state variable in the thermodynamic system corresponding to the power load active power up-regulation at the power node i is the indoor temperature in the thermal load z 7;
recording deviceThe weak state variable in the thermodynamic system corresponding to the power load active power at the power node i is the indoor temperature in the thermal load z 8;
recording deviceWhen the active power of the electric load is up-regulated, the key control variable corresponding to the indoor temperature of the thermal load k in the electric power system is the active power of the electric load at the electric power node z 9;
recording deviceWhen the active power of the electric load is regulated downwards, the key control variable corresponding to the indoor temperature of the thermal load k in the electric power system is the active power of the electric load at the electric power node z 10;
step S55, identifying weak state variables and key control variables in the electric power system when the control variables are adjusted upward and downward in the electric heating mode:
recording deviceThe weak state variable in the power system corresponding to the power load active power at the power node j being up-regulated is the voltage amplitude at the power node z 11;
Recording deviceThe weak state variable in the power system corresponding to the power load active power at the power node j is the voltage amplitude at the power node z 12;
recording deviceWhen the active power of the power load is up-regulated, the key control variable corresponding to the voltage amplitude of the power node i in the power system is the active power of the power load at the power node z 13;
recording deviceWhen the active power of the power load is regulated downwards, the key control variable corresponding to the voltage amplitude of the power node i in the power system is the active power of the power load at the power node z 14; />
Step S56, identifying weak state variables and key control variables in the natural gas system when the control variables are adjusted upward and downward in the electric heating mode:
recording deviceThe weak state variable in the natural gas system corresponding to the power load active power up-regulation at the power node i is the pressure at the natural gas node z 15;
recording deviceThe weak state variable in the natural gas system corresponding to the power load active power at the power node i is the pressure at the natural gas node z 16;
recording deviceWhen the active power of the electric load is up-regulated, the key control variable corresponding to the pressure of the natural node u in the electric power system is the active power of the electric load at the electric power node z 17;
Recording deviceThen the key control variable in the power system corresponding to the natural node u pressure is the power load active power at power node z18 as the power load active power is down regulated.
8. A comprehensive energy system safety evaluation system based on vulnerability indexes, which adopts the method of any one of claims 1-7 to evaluate the comprehensive energy system safety, and is characterized by comprising a comprehensive energy system steady-state model unit, a state data acquisition unit and a safety evaluation unit;
steady-state model unit of comprehensive energy system: the method is responsible for generating a steady-state model of the comprehensive energy system and storing each set parameter and operation limit value in the steady-state model of the comprehensive energy system;
a state data acquisition unit: the method is in charge of directly reading current state data from the comprehensive energy system or calculating a steady-state model of the comprehensive energy system based on a control variable value given by an operator to obtain the state data;
security evaluation unit: calculating each sensitivity matrix in the comprehensive energy system based on the steady-state model and the state data of the comprehensive energy system, further calculating each vulnerability index matrix, and finally identifying weak state variables and key control variables in the comprehensive energy system;
The comprehensive energy system steady-state model comprises a cogeneration unit output model, an electric power system model, a thermodynamic system model and a natural gas system model; the method for establishing each model comprises the following steps:
building a cogeneration unit output model:
P CHP ＝γL CHP η CHP
H CHP ＝αP CHP
wherein P is CHP And H CHP Electric power and thermal power generated by the cogeneration unit are respectively, gamma is the heat value of natural gas, L CHP Flow rate eta of natural gas consumed by cogeneration unit CHP And alpha is the power generation power and the heat-electricity ratio of the cogeneration unit respectively;
establishing a power system model:
wherein i and j are the numbers of the power nodes, Ω E For a set of all power nodes, N Enode As the number of power nodes, ΔP i And DeltaQ i The unbalance amounts of active power and reactive power at the power node i are respectively P G,i And Q G,i Active power and reactive power respectively provided by an upper power grid, a thermal power generating unit and a cogeneration unit at a power node i, P L,i And Q L,i Active power and reactive power respectively consumed by the power load at power node i, U i And U j Respectively electric power sectionThe voltage amplitude at point i and power node j, G ij And B ij The conductance and susceptance, θ, of the line between power node i and power node j, respectively ij Is the difference between the voltage phase angles at power node i and power node j;
Establishing a thermodynamic system model;
establishing a branch flow characteristic equation in a thermodynamic system:
π H,k -π H,l ＝K kl f H,kl |f H,kl |+HD H,kl ，k,l∈Ω H
wherein k and l are the numbers of thermal nodes; omega shape H A set of all thermodynamic nodes; pi H,k And pi H,l The pressures at thermodynamic node k and thermodynamic node l, respectively; k (K) kl The resistance characteristic coefficient of the branch between the thermal node k and the thermal node l is given by an operator of the comprehensive energy system; f (f) H,kl For the flow of hot water in the branch between the thermal node k and the thermal node l, HD H,kl Is the lift on the branch between the thermal node k and the thermal node l;
establishing a node flow conservation equation in a thermodynamic system:
A H f H ＝L H
wherein A is H For node-branch association matrix not including balance node in thermodynamic system, f H Column vectors, L, formed for the flow of hot water in all branches of the thermodynamic system H The flow rate of the hot water flowing out of each thermodynamic node;
establishing a thermodynamic node energy conservation equation in a thermodynamic system:
wherein m is the number of the thermodynamic branch, Ω 1,k Omega is a set of thermodynamic branches ending at a thermodynamic node k 2,k For a collection of thermodynamic branches starting at thermodynamic node k, f H,m For the flow of hot water in the thermodynamic branch m, T o,m For the thermodynamic branch mThe temperature of hot water at the mouth, T a,k The temperature of the hot water at the thermal node k;
Establishing a heat source branch equation in a thermodynamic system:
wherein n is the number of the heat source branch, s n Numbering the thermodynamic nodes at the starting point of the heat source branch n, H n Generating thermal power for a heat source, f H,n C is the flow of hot water in the heat source branch p Constant pressure specific heat, T, of hot water o,n For the temperature of the hot water at the outlet of the heat source branch n, T a,Sn For a thermal node s as the starting point of the heat source branch n n The temperature of the hot water;
establishing a pipeline branch equation in a thermodynamic system:
wherein s is m Numbering the thermodynamic node at the beginning of the heat source branch m, T a,Sm For a thermal node s as the starting point of the heat source branch m m Temperature of hot water T env Is at ambient temperature lambda m Is the heat radiation coefficient of the heat source branch m, L m Is the length of the heat source branch m;
establishing a thermal load branch equation in a thermodynamic system:
wherein t is the number of the heat load branch, s t Numbering the thermal nodes at the beginning of the thermal load branch T, T a,St As a heat source branchthermal node s of origin of t t Temperature of hot water T o,t For the temperature of the hot water at the outlet of the heat source branch t, K t,1 Is the total heat exchange coefficient of the radiator in the heat load chamber on the heat load branch circuit T, T in,t For the indoor temperature, K, of the thermal load on the thermal load branch t t,2 The total heat dissipation coefficient of the building where the thermal load is located on the thermal load branch t;
Synthesizing all thermodynamic node energy conservation equations, heat source branch equations, pipeline branch equations and heat load branch equations in the thermodynamic system to obtain a thermodynamic model of the thermodynamic system in a matrix form:
AX＝B
wherein A is a constant matrix formed by coefficients of unknown variables in all thermodynamic node energy conservation equations, heat source branch equations, pipeline branch equations and heat load branch equations; x is a column vector formed by unknown variables in all thermodynamic node energy conservation equations, heat source branch equations, pipeline branch equations and heat load branch equations, wherein the meaning of elements corresponding to each node temperature and branch outlet temperature in X is the difference value between each node temperature and branch outlet temperature and the environment temperature; b is a constant column vector formed by constants on the right sides of all thermodynamic node energy conservation equations, heat source branch equations, pipeline branch equations and heat load branch equations;
establishing a natural gas system model;
establishing a branch flow characteristic equation in a natural gas system:
wherein u and v are the numbers of natural gas nodes; omega shape G A set of all natural gas nodes; f (f) G,uv The flow of the natural gas in the branch between the natural gas node u and the natural gas node v; c (C) uv The resistance characteristic coefficient of the branch between the natural gas node u and the natural gas node v is given by an operator of the comprehensive energy system; pi G,u And pi G,v The pressures at natural gas node u and natural gas node v, respectively; sgn (s gn) G,uv As a sign function, when pi G,u Pi or more G,v Time sgn G,uv Has a value of 1 when pi G,u Less than pi G,v Time sgn G,uv The value of (2) is-1;
establishing a node flow conservation equation in a natural gas system:
A g f g ＝L g
wherein A is g Is a node-branch incidence matrix which does not contain balance nodes in a natural gas system, f g Is a column vector formed by the flow of the natural gas in all branches in the natural gas system, L g The flow of natural gas out of each natural gas node.
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