CN113483811A - Distributed monitoring node device based on raspberry group air index parameters - Google Patents
Distributed monitoring node device based on raspberry group air index parameters Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a raspberry group-based distributed monitoring node device for air index parameters, which comprises a device body, a raspberry group node control unit, a power management unit, a driving control unit and a data acquisition unit, wherein the raspberry group node control unit is used for acquiring and monitoring air index parameters of a target area, processing and analyzing the air index parameters, and uploading the air index parameters to a remote local area network terminal for storage, inquiry and management; the power management unit is used for providing stable working power supply for the whole node device. A network is formed in which a master node controls a plurality of slave nodes. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the node device is low in cost, remote access is realized, a distributed one-master-multi-slave structure is adopted, large-scale multi-node deployment and use are facilitated, collected data can be stored, managed and inquired, high-load complex operation can be performed, and workers can monitor air index parameters of a target area in real time and make comprehensive detailed analysis on the condition in time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of information technology and environment monitoring of the Internet of things, in particular to a raspberry-based distributed monitoring node device for air index parameters.
Background
In recent years, environmental issues have become more and more appreciated. Wherein air pollution has seriously damaged the living environment of human beings. Mainly comes from industrial production, domestic stoves and heating boilers, transportation, smoke generated by forest fires and the like. For human body and plant. The harm of weather and the like is great. Therefore, the monitoring of the air quality is very important, and the air quality monitoring device is the basis for protecting the air and treating the air.
For a long time, the air quality monitoring technology and the monitoring network in China are far behind those in developed countries in the western world, and the point type detector is greatly popularized in the developed countries, but due to the limitation of special national conditions and various factors in China, the operation cost is far higher than that of the same equipment in European and American countries. With the development of science and technology, an open air quality monitoring system appears, and the sensitivity is higher compared with that of a traditional monitoring system. The air quality monitoring system in China also achieves a plurality of achievements, has a relatively perfect air quality monitoring network, and becomes an important basis for treating air pollution in China. However, the air quality monitoring system in China has defects so far, particularly, the coverage rate of the air quality monitoring station is low due to high cost, the air quality monitoring station mainly covers large-scale cities with rapid economic development, the air quality monitoring system mainly focuses on the southeast coast, and the monitoring of the central, western and rural areas is not in place, so that the air quality monitoring system is not comprehensive enough and lacks certain representativeness and typicality when air samples are collected. There is a need for a more convenient and less expensive method of operation to improve the efficiency and quality of operation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, aiming at the problems that the conventional air index parameter monitoring system cannot be deployed in a large scale, is time-consuming and labor-consuming and has high operation cost, the invention provides a raspberry-based distributed monitoring node device for air index parameters, which realizes the function of controlling a plurality of slave nodes by one master node and the function of monitoring the air index parameters of the distributed nodes by node networking, and realizes master-slave control by setting master-slave nodes and further realizing the uploading, storage, management and query of data by networking the plurality of nodes through Socket communication. The device comprises a node device body, a central control unit, a power management unit and a driving and data acquisition unit. The device main body is constructed by a single trolley model, wherein the distance measuring unit is fixed at the front end of the trolley body and is used for monitoring the distances from the left front barrier, the right front barrier and the right front barrier to the mobile node in real time respectively; the central control unit is fixed in the middle of the vehicle body and is used for controlling and managing other units and processing and analyzing information after data acquisition; the power management unit is fixed at the rear end of the vehicle body and provides stable power supply for each unit module of the node device; the driving and data acquisition unit is fixed in the middle of the vehicle body, and the driving node device moves in a specified direction to acquire air index parameters of a target area. The method specifically comprises the following steps: the device comprises a device main body, a raspberry sending node control unit, a drive control unit, a power management unit, a data acquisition unit and a local area network remote terminal;
the device main body is a monomer hull model, and the inside of the device main body is hollow;
the raspberry pi control unit is fixed on the front side of the middle part of the device main body and used for processing and analyzing the monitored air quality data to obtain analyzed and processed collected data and transmitting the collected data to a local area network remote terminal; the power management unit is also used for receiving a control command sent by the local area network remote terminal and controlling the drive control unit, the power management unit and the data acquisition unit according to the control command;
the power management unit is fixed at the tail of the device main body and used for stably supplying power to the drive control unit, the raspberry sending node control unit and the data acquisition unit;
the device comprises a device main body, a driving control unit, a data acquisition unit and a control unit, wherein the driving control unit and the data acquisition unit are fixed on the rear side of the middle part of the device main body, the driving control unit is used for driving the device main body to acquire air index parameters of a target area, and the data acquisition unit is used for monitoring and acquiring data of the air index parameters of the target area in real time;
the local area network remote terminal is used for sending a control command and presenting the received collected data.
Further, the raspberry pi node control unit is a raspberry pi 4B.
Further, the data acquisition unit comprises a photosensitive module, a GPS module, a smoke module, a compass module, a temperature and humidity module and an analog-to-digital conversion module.
Further, the photosensitive module is a BH1750, and/or the GPS module is an ATGM336H full constellation positioning navigation module, and is used to realize precise positioning and motion navigation of the position of the device theme, and/or the smoke module is MQ-2, and/or the compass module is HMC58 5883L, and/or the temperature and humidity module is DHT11, and/or the analog-to-digital conversion module is an MCP3002 chip.
Further, the power management module comprises a power module, a voltage reduction module and a switch.
Further, the power module is a 7.4V direct current lithium battery with 2200 ma hour, and/or the voltage reduction module is an MP1584EN chip, the input voltage of the chip is 5V to 36V, and 5A output and current mode control are provided to realize fast loop response and compensation.
Further, the drive control unit includes a drive module and a motor, and/or the drive module is L298N.
Further, the device also comprises a distance measuring unit which is fixed in the hollow part in the front part of the device main body and is used for monitoring the distance between the obstacle in the left front direction, the right front direction and the mobile node in real time.
Furthermore, the distance measuring unit is composed of a plurality of ultrasonic distance measuring modules.
Further, the local area network remote terminal is a computer.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: the node device is low in cost, remote access is realized, a distributed one-master-multi-slave structure is adopted, large-scale multi-node deployment and use are facilitated, collected data can be stored, managed and inquired, high-load complex operation can be performed, and workers can monitor air index parameters of a target area in real time and make comprehensive detailed analysis on the condition in time.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
fig. 1 is a device diagram of a raspberry-based distributed node device for air quality monitoring according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a control structure diagram and a master-slave distributed node structure diagram of a raspberry-based distributed node device for air quality monitoring in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a master-slave control networking communication model diagram of a raspberry-based distributed node device for air quality monitoring in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a networking communication method of a raspberry-based distributed node device for air quality monitoring in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a control block diagram of a raspberry-based distributed node device for air quality monitoring according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a more clear understanding of the technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment of the invention provides a raspberry-based distributed monitoring node device for air index parameters. A plurality of nodes are networked through Socket communication, master-slave nodes are arranged, master-slave control is achieved, and uploading, storage, management and query of data are achieved.
Referring to fig. 1-2, fig. 1 is a device diagram of a distributed node device for raspberry-based air quality monitoring in an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 2 is a control structure diagram and a master-slave distributed node structure diagram of a distributed node device for raspberry-based air quality monitoring in an embodiment of the present invention, including: the device comprises a device body 21, a raspberry sending node control unit 1, a driving control unit 2, a data acquisition unit 4, a power management unit 3, a local area network remote terminal 5 and a ranging unit 6.
The device main body 21 is a single trolley model and is hollow inside;
the raspberry pi control unit 1 is fixed to the front side of the middle of the device main body 21, and is used for processing and analyzing the monitored air quality data to obtain analyzed and processed collected data, and transmitting the collected data to the local area network remote terminal 5; the controller is also used for receiving a control command sent by the local area network remote terminal 5 and controlling the drive control unit 2, the power management unit 3 and the data acquisition unit 4 according to the control command; the raspberry sending node control unit 1 manages other units, realizes parameter acquisition of illumination intensity, position coordinates, gas concentration, magnetic field intensity, temperature and humidity information of air indexes of a monitored target area, processes, analyzes and uploads data information acquired by nodes to a local area network remote terminal 5, and stores, queries and manages the data; in the raspberry pi control unit 1, networking and linking are performed on a plurality of raspberry pi in a Socket communication mode based on a TCP protocol, one raspberry pi is set as a master node, and other raspberry pis are set as slave nodes, so that the master node sends a control command to the slave nodes, and the slave nodes transmit acquired data back to the master node and upload the data to the local area network remote terminal 5. A plurality of slave nodes are controlled through a master node, and a function of master-slave control remote access is realized through releasing a WIFI hotspot or a Bluetooth module by a raspberry group. A plurality of slave nodes are converged to a master node and are used for forming master-slave control and communication, analyzing, processing and uploading collected data; the drive control unit 2 is used for movement of the apparatus body 21; the power supply module 3 is used for stably supplying power to the drive control unit 2, the raspberry pi control unit 1 and the data acquisition unit 4; the data acquisition unit 4 is used for monitoring and acquiring data of air quality;
the power management unit 3 is fixed at the tail of the device main body 21 and used for stably supplying power to the drive control unit 2, the raspberry pi control unit 1 and the data acquisition unit 4;
the driving control unit 2 and the data acquisition unit 4 are fixed at the rear side of the middle part of the device main body 21, the driving control unit 2 is used for driving the device main body 21 to move in a specified direction so as to acquire air index parameters of a target area, and the data acquisition unit 4 is used for monitoring and acquiring the air index parameters of the target area in real time; the driving and data acquisition unit comprises a driving chip, a positioning chip, a temperature and humidity sensor, a photosensitive sensor and a concentration sensor.
The local area network remote terminal 5 is used for controlling the raspberry master node and presenting all the collected data.
The distance measuring unit 6 is fixed in a hollow portion of the front portion of the device main body 21 and used for monitoring the distance from the left front barrier, the right front barrier and the right front barrier to the device main body 21 in real time.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a master-slave control networking communication model diagram of a raspberry-based distributed air quality monitoring node device according to an embodiment of the present invention, where a server creates a serversocket, binds with a port, monitors, and waits for receiving a request 6; the client establishes a link Socket and sends a request 7 to the server; after receiving the request of the client, the server creates a link Socket 8; after the link is successful, communication with each other is started 9.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a flowchart of a networking communication method of a raspberry-based distributed air quality monitoring node device in an embodiment of the present invention, where a user process of an application layer calls a TCP/IP interface of a transport layer through a Socket of an abstraction layer between the application layer and a transport layer to implement networking communication.
For the networking mode of a plurality of movable nodes to be a Socket communication mode based on a TCP protocol, a Serversocket is established on a movable main node to wait for receiving a request; creating linked sockets on a plurality of mobile slave nodes sends requests to the mobile master node. After receiving the link Socket, the master node establishes a link Socket to complete networking, namely, the mobile master node controls a plurality of mobile slave nodes to achieve the purpose of one master control and a plurality of slaves.
The Socket communication process comprises the following steps: server monitoring, client request and connection confirmation. The method is an abstraction layer between an application layer and a transmission layer, is essentially a programming interface, and abstracts complex operation of a TCP/IP layer into a plurality of simple interfaces which are called by the application layer to realize communication of processes in a network. When the slave node and the master node are successfully connected, both ends generate a Socket instance, and the Socket instance is operated to complete the required control command and data transmission.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a control block diagram of a distributed node device for air quality monitoring based on raspberry pi in an embodiment of the present invention, where the raspberry pi control unit 1 is a raspberry pi 4B, the size is small, and LAMP is used for environment establishment of a server, that is, the device has an independent operating system based on Linux, an Apache network server, a MySql database, and a Python programming language. The Linux operating system adopts the Botong BCM2711 SoC, comprises four 1.5GHz cortex xA72 CPU cores and has excellent performance. With raspberry group as control and information processing core, through GPIO mouth control drive control unit and data acquisition unit move along with device body 21 with each sensor's normal work and to the quick processing analysis of the air index parameter of gathering, the raspberry group utilizes self integrated wiFi or bluetooth module and LAN remote terminal communication, in time passes back the result to LAN remote terminal and shows in real time, stores, inquiry and management, supplies the staff to know the condition in real time, makes the judgement on next step. The MySql database of the server stores, manages and queries the acquired data, and is used for communication of the master node and the slave node and processing of the acquired data.
The power management unit 3 comprises a power module 18, a voltage reduction module (MP1584EN)19 and a switch 20, wherein the power module 18 is a 7.4V lithium battery with the voltage of 2200 milliampere hours, the power supply requirements of other unit modules are met, and the power management unit has the advantages of strong cruising ability, light weight and repeated charging and use. Because the raspberry pi 4B and a part of the modules need to work under the voltage of 5V, the battery module 18 is divided into two paths to be connected with the switch 20, one path is 7.4V to supply power for the driving module (L298N)16, the other path is connected with the voltage reducing module (MP1584EN)19 to output the voltage of 5V to supply power for the raspberry pi, and the module needing the power supply of 3.3V is supplied with power by the GPIO _3 interface of the raspberry pi. The voltage reduction module is an MP1584EN voltage reduction chip, the input voltage of the chip is 5V to 36V, and 5A output and current mode control are provided, so that fast loop response and compensation are realized.
The distance measuring unit 6 comprises 3 ultrasonic distance measuring modules 5 which respectively monitor the distance between the left front barrier and the right front barrier from the device body 21 in real time.
The drive control unit 2 and the data acquisition unit 4 comprise a photosensitive module (BH1750)10, a GPS module 11, a smoke module (MQ-2)12, a compass module (HMC5883L)13, a temperature and humidity module (DHT11) 14, an analog-to-digital conversion module (MCP3002)15, a drive module (L298N)16 and a motor 17; the positioning module is an ATGM336H full constellation positioning navigation module, compared with the traditional GPS positioning module, the positioning module has high precision, low energy consumption and low cost, supports various satellite navigation systems at home and abroad, and realizes the precise positioning and the motion navigation of the position of the mobile node device; the temperature and humidity monitoring module is DHT 11; the compass and the magnetic field monitoring module are HMC 5883L; the photosensitive module is BH 1750; the gas concentration monitoring module is formed by adding an MQ-2 and an MCP3002 analog-to-digital conversion chip.
The movement of the device main body 21 depends on the coordination of the motor 17 and the steering engine, the local area network remote terminal 5 sends a command to the raspberry pi control unit 1 (raspberry pi 4B), and the raspberry pi GPIO port is used for controlling the operation of the driving module (L298N)16 and the motor 17, so that the trolley moves according to the command and the air quality of a target area is monitored.
Six data parameters collected by each slave node are uploaded to the master node, and the raspberry of the master node is uploaded to the local area network remote terminal, so that collection, uploading, storage, management and query of the illumination intensity, node coordinate information, gas concentration, magnetic field intensity, temperature and humidity information of the air index of the monitored target area are realized, managers can conveniently check the air index parameter monitoring data of the target area in real time, and a next step instruction is given to the raspberry group node control unit 1.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the node device is constructed by adopting a single trolley model, has small volume, light weight and portability in movement;
(2) the node of the invention adopts a master-slave control mode, and can realize the control of a plurality of nodes and the uploading of data by controlling one node, so that the operation is more convenient and faster;
(3) the central control unit is a raspberry group 4B, a 64-bit four-core processor is adopted, an independent operating system based on Linux is built in, remote communication is realized by utilizing a WiFi or Bluetooth module integrated with the central control unit and a local area network remote terminal, and the high efficiency of information processing, the real-time performance of mutual networking communication and automatic control can greatly save manpower and material resources and complete tasks conveniently and efficiently;
(4) the invention can display, store, manage and inquire the collected data in real time at the terminal, so that the operator can comprehensively know the air index parameters of the target area in real time, thereby analyzing and judging;
(5) the invention has low cost and environmental protection, accords with the national green environmental protection advocates, can deploy a large number of node networks in a local area network, and has good effect on monitoring the air quality in a certain area.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a send air index parameter distributed monitoring node device based on raspberry, its characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: the device comprises a device main body, a raspberry sending node control unit, a drive control unit, a power management unit, a data acquisition unit and a local area network remote terminal;
the device main body is a single vehicle model, and the interior of the device main body is hollow;
the raspberry pi control unit is fixed on the front side of the middle part of the device main body and used for processing and analyzing the monitored air quality data to obtain analyzed and processed collected data and transmitting the collected data to a local area network remote terminal; the power management unit is also used for receiving a control command sent by the local area network remote terminal and controlling the drive control unit, the power management unit and the data acquisition unit according to the control command;
the power management unit is fixed at the tail of the device main body and used for stably supplying power to the drive control unit, the raspberry sending node control unit and the data acquisition unit;
the device comprises a device main body, a driving control unit, a data acquisition unit and a control unit, wherein the driving control unit and the data acquisition unit are fixed on the rear side of the middle part of the device main body, the driving control unit is used for driving the device main body to acquire air index parameters of a target area, and the data acquisition unit is used for monitoring and acquiring data of the air index parameters of the target area in real time;
the local area network remote terminal is used for sending a control command and presenting the received collected data.
2. The raspberry pi-based distributed air index parameter monitoring node apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the raspberry pi control unit is a raspberry pi 4B.
3. The raspberry pi-based distributed air index parameter monitoring node apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the data acquisition unit comprises a photosensitive module, a GPS module, a smoke module, a compass module, a temperature and humidity module and an analog-to-digital conversion module.
4. The raspberry pi based distributed monitoring node apparatus of claim 3, wherein: the device comprises a photosensitive module, a GPS module, a global positioning system (ATGM) 336H module, a global positioning module, a compass module, a temperature and humidity module and a display module, wherein the photosensitive module is BH1750, and/or the GPS module is an ATGM336H full-constellation positioning navigation module, and is used for realizing accurate positioning and motion navigation of the position of the device theme, and/or the smog module is MQ-2, and/or the compass module is HMC58 5883L, and/or the temperature and humidity module is DHT11, and/or the analog-to-digital conversion module is an MCP3002 chip.
5. The raspberry pi-based distributed air index parameter monitoring node apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the power management module comprises a power module, a voltage reduction module and a switch.
6. The raspberry pi based distributed monitoring node apparatus of claim 5, wherein: the power module is a 7.4V direct current lithium battery with 2200 mA hour, and/or the voltage reduction module is an MP1584EN chip, the input voltage of the chip is 5V to 36V, and 5A output and current mode control are provided, so that rapid loop response and compensation are realized.
7. The raspberry pi-based distributed air index parameter monitoring node apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the drive control unit includes a drive module and a motor, and/or the drive module is shown as L298N.
8. The raspberry pi-based distributed air index parameter monitoring node apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the distance measuring device is characterized by further comprising a distance measuring unit, wherein the distance measuring unit is fixed in the hollow part of the front part of the device main body and is used for monitoring the distance between the obstacle in the left front direction, the right front direction and the mobile node in real time.
9. The raspberry pi based distributed monitoring node apparatus of claim 8, wherein: the distance measuring unit is composed of a plurality of ultrasonic distance measuring modules.
10. The raspberry pi-based distributed air index parameter monitoring node apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the local area network remote terminal is a computer.
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