CN113483363A

CN113483363A - Gas turbine and combustor basket

Info

Publication number: CN113483363A
Application number: CN202110951021.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 静大亮; 李珊珊
Original assignee: China United Heavy Gas Turbine Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: China United Heavy Gas Turbine Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-08-18
Filing date: 2021-08-18
Publication date: 2021-10-08

Abstract

The invention discloses a flame tube, which comprises a tube body and fins, wherein a gas channel for hot gas to circulate is arranged in the tube body, the tube body is provided with a first end and a second end, the first end of the tube body is suitable for the hot gas to flow into the gas channel, and the second end of the tube body is suitable for the hot gas to flow out of the gas channel; the fin is established on the periphery wall of barrel, the fin along the circumference of barrel extends the closure or the fin is along following the first end of barrel extremely the direction slope of the second end of barrel, spiral extension, the fin has along the first end of barrel extremely the first side and the second side of the direction relative arrangement of the second end of barrel, be equipped with the gas pocket on the fin, the gas pocket intercommunication the first side with the second side. The flame tube has good cooling effect and high cooling efficiency, and is beneficial to prolonging the service life of the gas turbine.

Description

Gas turbine and combustor basket

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of cooling of flame tubes, in particular to a flame tube and a gas turbine.

Background

The combustion chamber of the gas turbine is internally provided with a fuel injection device, a flame tube, a transition section and the like, the fuel injection device is used for injecting fuel to the flame tube and mixing and burning the fuel and gas in the combustion chamber, and hot combustion gas generated by burning is conveyed to the turbine through the flame tube and the transition section. Since the liner needs to operate at high temperature conditions, the liner needs to be cooled efficiently to meet expected service life requirements. However, in the related art, the cooling effect of the flame tube has a large difference in different working states of different gas turbines, especially for a low-load point, the flow speed in the outer annular cavity of the flame tube is low, and a strong high-temperature region still exists in a part of regions, so that the cooling effect is reduced, and the service life of the gas turbine is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art.

Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides the flame tube, which has a good cooling effect and a high cooling efficiency and is beneficial to prolonging the service life of the gas turbine.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a gas turbine with the flame tube.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the flame tube comprises: a cylinder having a gas passage for hot gas to flow through, the cylinder having a first end and a second end, the first end of the cylinder being adapted for the hot gas to flow into the gas passage and the second end of the cylinder being adapted for the hot gas to flow out of the gas passage; the fin, the fin is established on the periphery wall of barrel, the fin along the circumference of barrel extends the closure or the fin is along following the first end of barrel extremely the direction slope of the second end of barrel, spiral extension, the fin has along the first end of barrel extremely first side and the second side that the direction of the second end of barrel arranged in proper order, be equipped with the gas pocket on the fin, the gas pocket intercommunication first side with the second side.

According to the flame tube provided by the embodiment of the invention, the flame tube has a good cooling effect and high cooling efficiency, and is beneficial to prolonging the service life of a gas turbine.

In some embodiments, the air holes extend in a direction parallel to a direction from the first end of the barrel to the second end of the barrel.

In some embodiments, the air vent has an air inlet disposed on the second side and an air outlet disposed on the first side.

In some embodiments, the fins are multiple, the fins are all closed along the circumferential extension of the cylinder, the fins are arranged at intervals along the direction from the first end of the cylinder to the second end of the cylinder, the fins are provided with multiple air holes, and the air holes are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the cylinder.

In some embodiments, the cylinder includes a first section and a second section, the airflow velocity on the peripheral side of the first section is less than the airflow velocity on the peripheral side of the second section, and the height dimension H1 of the peripheral side of the first section is greater than the height dimension H2 of the peripheral side of the second section.

In some embodiments, the first peripheral side rib has a height dimension H1 of 0.8 mm to 1.2 mm.

In some embodiments, the first side surface and the second side surface are both arc-shaped surfaces, at least a part of the first side surface extends towards the first end of the cylinder body in a bent mode and is smoothly connected with the peripheral wall of the cylinder body, and at least a part of the second side surface extends towards the second end of the cylinder body in a bent mode and is smoothly connected with the peripheral wall of the cylinder body.

In some embodiments, a height profile of at least a portion of the fins along an extending direction of the fins or a cross-section of at least a portion of the fins is one or a combination of saw-tooth shape, city wall shape, and lace shape.

In some embodiments, the plurality of fins are spaced apart from each other in a direction from the first end of the barrel to the second end of the barrel, the width dimension W of the fins is 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm, and the distance L between two adjacent fins is 5 mm to 20 mm.

The gas turbine according to the embodiment of the invention comprises a flame tube, wherein the flame tube is the flame tube according to any one of the embodiments.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a combustor basket according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the liner of FIG. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view at B-B in fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged schematic view at a in fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged schematic view at C in fig. 3.

FIG. 6 is a first segment schematic view of a liner according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the air vent of fig. 2.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a serrated rib in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a city wall fin according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a lace-like rib according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a combination rib according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

a cylinder body 1; a gas channel 11;

a rib 2; an air hole 21; an air inlet 211; an air outlet 212; a first side 22; a second side 23; rib outer peripheral surfaces 24; and a flow guide groove 25.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the flame tube according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a cylindrical body 1 and ribs 2.

A gas channel 11 for hot gas circulation is arranged in the cylinder body 1, the cylinder body 1 is provided with a first end and a second end, the first end of the cylinder body 1 is suitable for hot gas to flow into the gas channel 11, and the second end of the cylinder body 1 is suitable for hot gas to flow out of the gas channel 11;

specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a gas channel 11 is provided in the cylinder 1, the first end of the cylinder 1 is the front end of the cylinder 1, and the second end of the cylinder 1 is the rear end of the cylinder 1, during use, hot gas can flow into the gas channel 11 from the front end of the cylinder 1, and then flow out from the rear end of the cylinder 1.

The fins 2 are arranged on the peripheral wall of the cylinder 1, the fins 2 extend and close along the circumferential direction of the cylinder 1 or the fins 2 extend obliquely and spirally along the direction from the first end of the cylinder 1 to the second end of the cylinder 1, the fins 2 are provided with a first side surface 22 and a second side surface 23 which are oppositely arranged along the direction from the first end of the cylinder 1 to the second end of the cylinder 1, air holes 21 are arranged on the fins 2, and the air holes 21 are communicated with the first side surface 22 and the second side surface 23.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the rib 2 is annular, the rib 2 is provided on the outer circumferential wall of the cylinder 1 and extends and closes along the circumferential direction of the cylinder 1, the rib 2 may be provided in plurality, and the plurality of ribs 2 are arranged at intervals along the front-to-rear direction. As shown in fig. 5, each of the fins 2 has a first side 22 and a second side 23, wherein the first side 22 is the front side of the fin 2 and the second side 23 is the rear side of the fin 2. Each fin 2 is provided with a plurality of air holes 21, the air holes 21 are arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the fin 2, and each air hole 21 extends along the front-back direction, wherein the front end of each air hole 21 is communicated with the first side surface 22, and the rear end of each air hole 21 is communicated with the second side surface 23.

It is understood that, in other embodiments, the fins 2 may be spirally wound on the outer circumference side of the cylinder 1, the fins 2 may be plural, a plurality of the fins 2 are each spirally wound on the outer circumference side of the cylinder 1 in the front-to-rear direction, and the plurality of the fins 2 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the cylinder 1. In this case, each of the fins 2 is provided with a plurality of air holes 21, the plurality of air holes 21 are arranged at equal intervals along the spiral winding direction of each of the fins 2, and each of the air holes 21 extends substantially along the front-rear direction and penetrates through the first side surface 22 and the second side surface 23 of the fin 2.

According to the flame tube of the embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 5, the downstream of the rib outer peripheral surface 24 can form the separation vortex, and the separation vortex can destroy the main flow structure of the flame tube outer side surface, so that the heat exchange on the flame tube outer peripheral side can be enhanced. In addition, can form water conservancy diversion recess 25 between two adjacent fins 2, can form the torrent in the water conservancy diversion recess 25, because water conservancy diversion recess 25 is separated by fin 2, the torrent is relatively independent in the water conservancy diversion recess 25, and mutual interference is more weak each other, when local mainstream changes, can not influence the torrent structure in the water conservancy diversion recess 25 that closes on, therefore the cooling effect is more stable.

In addition, because the fins 2 are provided with the air holes 21, the air holes 21 can increase the surface area of the fins 2 on one hand, thereby enhancing heat exchange and improving cooling effect and cooling efficiency; on the other hand, the air holes 21 can communicate two adjacent diversion grooves 25, and divergent cooling air flow can be formed in the air holes 21, so that the cooling effect can be further enhanced.

In some embodiments, the extending direction of the air hole 21 is parallel to the direction from the first end of the cylinder 1 to the second end of the cylinder 1.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, a geometric center line of the air hole 21 is an extending direction of the air hole 21, and a connection line between a geometric center of the first end of the cylinder 1 and a geometric center of the second end of the cylinder 1 is a direction from the first end of the cylinder 1 to the second end of the cylinder 1. Therefore, the flowing direction of the airflow in the air holes is generally consistent with the flowing direction of the main flow on the outer peripheral side of the flame tube, the airflow can conveniently flow into the air holes 21, and therefore the air resistance is reduced, and the cooling efficiency is improved.

In some embodiments, the air hole 21 has an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet being provided on the second side and the air outlet being provided on the first side. Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, the rear end port of the air hole 21 is an air inlet 211, the front end port of the air hole 21 is an air outlet 212, and the peripheral contour of the air outlet 212 coincides with the peripheral wall of the barrel 1, so that the air flow in the air hole 21 can flow out by adhering to the peripheral wall of the barrel, thereby avoiding the situation that dead angles are easily generated when the air outlet 212 of the air hole 21 and the peripheral wall of the barrel 1 are spaced at a certain distance to cause air flow stagnation, which is beneficial to reducing wind resistance and improving heat dissipation.

In some embodiments, the fins 2 are multiple, the multiple fins 2 are all closed along the circumferential extension of the barrel 1, the multiple fins 2 are arranged at intervals along the direction from the first end of the barrel 1 to the second end of the barrel 1, the multiple air holes 21 are arranged on the fins 2, and the multiple air holes 21 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the barrel 1.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a plurality of fins 2 are provided on the outer peripheral wall of the cylinder, the plurality of fins 2 are all arranged around the outer peripheral side of the cylinder 1 and are all arranged at equal intervals along the front-to-rear direction, each fin 2 is provided with a plurality of air holes 21, and the plurality of air holes 21 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the fin 2. It should be noted that the air holes 21 on any two adjacent fins 2 may be arranged in a one-to-one correspondence along the front-to-back direction. In other embodiments, the air holes 21 of any two adjacent fins 2 may be arranged in a staggered manner in the front-to-back direction.

Therefore, on one hand, the flow of the air flow is relatively balanced when the air flow flows through the surface of the cylinder 1, bias flow is not generated, and the cooling efficiency is improved; on the other hand, vibration generated by uneven mass distribution when the cylinder 1 works is reduced.

The fins 2 may be disposed on the outer peripheral side of a part of the cylindrical body 1, and the fins 2 may be distributed on the outer peripheral side of the cylindrical body 1.

Alternatively, the number of air holes 21 in each rib 2 may be the same or different.

In some embodiments, the air holes 21 may be round holes, elliptical holes, square holes, or the like.

In some embodiments, the cylinder 1 includes a first section and a second section, the airflow velocity on the outer periphery of the first section is less than the airflow velocity on the outer periphery of the second section, and the height dimension H1 of the fins 2 on the outer periphery of the first section is greater than the height dimension H2 of the fins 2 on the outer periphery of the second section.

Specifically, in the front-to-rear direction, the cylinder 1 may include a first section (not shown) and a second section (not shown), both of which are axial sections of the cylinder 1, and during the use of the flame tube, the gas flow rate at the outer periphery of the first section is smaller than that at the outer periphery of the second section, it should be noted that the positions of the first section and the second section may be confirmed empirically and/or by means of monitoring by sensors, for example, in the design stage, the flame tube may be first installed in the combustion chamber, then a plurality of sensors may be disposed at the outer periphery of the flame tube, the sensors may sense the gas flow rate, then the gas turbine operation conditions are simulated, and the position of the first section on the cylinder 1 is confirmed by monitoring the gas flow rate at each section of the cylinder 1, and the rest positions on the cylinder 1 except for the first section may be regarded as the second section.

As shown in fig. 6, the height dimension H1 of the element 2 corresponding to the first segment is greater than the height dimension H2 of the element 2 corresponding to the second segment. The larger the height dimension of the fins 2, the more remarkable the turbulent flow effect of the fins 2, and the better the cooling effect and cooling efficiency at that point, whereby the cooling performance under the condition of the load (low flow rate) on the outer peripheral side of the cylindrical body 1 can be improved by increasing the height dimension H1 of the first-stage outer peripheral-side fins 2.

In some embodiments, the height of the fins 2 on the outer periphery of the first section varies along the extension of the fins 2.

Specifically, the height dimension of the first-stage outer circumferential-side fins 2 may be gradually increased, gradually decreased, or first increased and then decreased in the front-to-rear direction. Because the height dimension of the fins 2 gradually changes along with the extension direction of the fins 2, the disturbance of the main flow structure can be further increased due to the change of the height dimension, and a disturbed flow and a secondary flow vortex are formed, so that the cooling efficiency of the flame tube is further improved. Due to the enhanced cooling effect and cooling efficiency of the combustor basket, the service life of the combustor basket is increased and the operation is more stable, thereby facilitating the extension of the service life of the gas turbine.

In some embodiments, the height dimension H1 of the first peripheral rib section 2 is 0.8 mm to 1.2 mm. Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the height dimension H of the fins 2 may be any value between 0.5 mm and 1.2 mm, for example, the height dimension H may be 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, 1 mm, 1.1 mm, 1.2 mm, and the like.

In some embodiments, the first side surface 22 and the second side surface 23 are both arc-shaped surfaces, at least a part of the first side surface 22 extends to the first end of the cylinder body 1 in a bending way and is smoothly connected with the peripheral wall of the cylinder body 1, and at least a part of the second side surface 23 extends to the second end of the cylinder body 1 in a bending way and is smoothly connected with the peripheral wall of the cylinder body 1.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the first side surface 22 is a front side surface of the rib 2, the second side surface 23 is a rear side surface of the rib 2, the first side surface 22 and the second side surface 23 both circumferentially extend on an outer circumferential side of the cylinder 1, the first side surface 22 is substantially perpendicular to an outer circumferential wall of the cylinder 1, the first side surface 22 is in rounded transition with the outer circumferential wall of the cylinder 1, the second side surface 23 is substantially perpendicular to the outer circumferential wall of the cylinder 1, and the second side surface 23 is in rounded transition with the outer circumferential wall of the cylinder 1. Therefore, on one hand, the connection strength of the fins 2 and the barrel 1 can be ensured, and on the other hand, the condition that dead corners are generated in the connection part of the fins 2 and the barrel 1 is avoided, so that air between the fins 2 can smoothly flow, and the improvement of heat dissipation is facilitated.

In some embodiments, the height profile of at least a part of the fins 2 in the extension direction of the fins 2 or the cross-section of at least a part of the fins 2 is one or a combination of saw-tooth, city wall, lace.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, a cross section of the rib 2 is shown, a height section in the extending direction of the rib 2 is a section perpendicular to the cross section of the rib 2, and the section in which the rib 2 extends may be one of a saw-tooth shape, a city wall shape, and a lace shape, or a combination of two or more of the saw-tooth shape, the city wall shape, and the lace shape, as shown in fig. 8 to 11. Similarly, the cross section of the rib 2 may be one of a saw-tooth shape, a city wall shape and a lace shape, or a combination of two or more of a saw-tooth shape, a city wall shape and a lace shape, as shown in fig. 8 to 11.

Therefore, the turbulent flow of the main flow structure can be further enhanced, and the cooling effect and the cooling efficiency are further enhanced.

In some embodiments, the width dimension W of the fins 2 is 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm. Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the width dimension W of the rib 2 may be any value between 0.5 mm and 1.5 mm, for example, the width dimension W may be 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, 1 mm, 1.1 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.3 mm, 1.4 mm, 1.5 mm, etc.

In some embodiments, the fins 2 are multiple, the multiple fins 2 are arranged at intervals along the front-to-back direction, and the distance L between two adjacent fins 2 may be any value between 5 mm and 20 mm, for example, the distance L may be 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm, 10 mm, 11 mm, 12 mm, 13 mm, 14 mm, 15 mm, 17 mm, 18 mm, 19 mm, 20 mm, and the like.

A gas turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the gas turbine comprises the flame tube, and the flame tube can be the flame tube described in the embodiment. Specifically, the gas turbine comprises a combustion chamber, a flame tube, a fuel injection device and a transition section, wherein the flame tube is arranged in the combustion chamber, the fuel injection device is arranged at the front end of the flame tube, the transition section is connected to the rear end of the flame tube, the transition section is a transition pipe, and the transition section is connected between the flame tube and the turbine. Part of air compressed by the air compressor flows from back to front along the peripheral side of the flame tube, exchanges heat with the tube body and the fins on the peripheral side of the flame tube, and then cools the flame tube, returns back to flow into the flame tube through the front end device of the flame tube, and is mixed with fuel sprayed by the fuel spraying device for combustion.

According to the gas turbine provided by the embodiment of the invention, the flame tube of the gas turbine has a good cooling effect and high cooling efficiency, and the service life of the gas turbine is prolonged.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless explicitly specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flame tube, comprising:

a cylinder having a gas passage for hot gas to flow through, the cylinder having a first end and a second end, the first end of the cylinder being adapted for the hot gas to flow into the gas passage and the second end of the cylinder being adapted for the hot gas to flow out of the gas passage;

the fin, the fin is established on the periphery wall of barrel, the fin along the circumference of barrel extends the closure or the fin is along following the first end of barrel extremely the direction slope of the second end of barrel, spiral extension, the fin has along the first end of barrel extremely first side and the second side that the direction of the second end of barrel arranged in proper order, be equipped with the gas pocket on the fin, the gas pocket intercommunication first side with the second side.

2. The liner as claimed in claim 1, wherein the direction of extension of the air holes is parallel to the direction from the first end of the barrel to the second end of the barrel.

3. The liner of claim 2, wherein the air holes have an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet being disposed on the second side and the air outlet being disposed on the first side.

4. The combustor basket according to claim 1, wherein said plurality of fins are closed along a circumferential extension of said barrel, and are spaced apart from each other along a direction from a first end of said barrel to a second end of said barrel, and wherein said plurality of fins have a plurality of air holes spaced apart from each other along a circumferential extension of said barrel.

5. The combustor basket of claim 4, wherein the barrel includes a first section and a second section, the airflow velocity on the outer peripheral side of the first section is less than the airflow velocity on the outer peripheral side of the second section, and the height dimension H1 of the peripheral side ribs of the first section is greater than the height dimension H2 of the peripheral side ribs of the second section.

6. The liner as set forth in claim 5 wherein the first peripheral rib has a height dimension H1 of 0.8 mm to 1.2 mm.

7. The combustor basket of claim 1, wherein the first side and the second side are both arcuate surfaces, at least a portion of the first side extends curvedly toward the first end of the basket and is in smooth connection with the peripheral wall of the basket, and at least a portion of the second side extends curvedly toward the second end of the basket and is in smooth connection with the peripheral wall of the basket.

8. The combustor basket of claim 1, wherein a height profile of at least some of the fins along a direction of extension of the fins or a cross-section of at least some of the fins is one or a combination of serrated, merlony, and laced.

9. The combustor basket of any one of claims 1-8, wherein a plurality of the fins are spaced apart from one another in a direction from the first end of the basket to the second end of the basket, the fins having a width dimension W of 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm, and a spacing L of 5 mm to 20 mm between two adjacent fins.

10. A gas turbine engine comprising a combustor basket according to any one of claims 1 to 9.