CN113482615B - Method for determining mining pressure relief range of protective layer of inclined thick coal seam - Google Patents
Method for determining mining pressure relief range of protective layer of inclined thick coal seam Download PDFInfo
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- CN113482615B CN113482615B CN202110896681.4A CN202110896681A CN113482615B CN 113482615 B CN113482615 B CN 113482615B CN 202110896681 A CN202110896681 A CN 202110896681A CN 113482615 B CN113482615 B CN 113482615B
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- -1 mining boundaries Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
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Abstract
A method for determining mining pressure relief range of a protective layer of an inclined thick coal seam includes the steps of collecting positions of a protective layer and a protected layer, mining boundaries, coal seam thickness, coal seam inclination angles and coal seam spacing information, judging the maximum effective protection vertical distance of the coal seam by combining the coal seam inclination angles, calculating theoretical relative pressure relief height differences of a top plate roadway and a bottom plate roadway of the protected layer if the protected layer is within the maximum effective protection vertical distance range, arranging the top plate roadway and the bottom plate roadway of the protected layer and the protective layer within the theoretical relative pressure relief height differences, arranging a plurality of pressure sensors within the top plate roadway and the bottom plate roadway of the protective layer and the protected layer respectively, averaging the maximum stresses of the roadway pressures of the protected layer and the protective layer recorded by the sensors respectively to determine average stress peak values, and verifying whether the protected layer achieves pressure relief effect or not according to the average stress peak values. The invention realizes clear description of the layer position relation between the protected layer and the protective layer and verification of the pressure relief range and the actual pressure relief effect of the mine protective layer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for determining the mining pressure relief range of a protective layer of an inclined thick coal seam, and belongs to the technical field of coal mining.
Background
The protective layer is a coal seam mined firstly for eliminating or weakening the danger of rock burst of adjacent coal seams, and the mining of the protective layer can enable the stress of the rock mass of the coal seam close to the protected layer to be unloaded to a certain degree, so that the protective layer has important significance for preventing the disaster of the rock burst of the coal mine.
After a protective layer is mined in a coal mine, the roof rock mass of a goaf collapses to cause the transfer of stratum stress to surrounding solid coal rock, and the pressure relief effect appears in upper and lower rock strata of the goaf, so that the stress state and the displacement state of the rock mass in the rock strata change to a large extent, the stress is reduced, the deformation is increased, and the integrity of the coal rock mass is damaged, thereby weakening the geological conditions of rock burst and reducing the possibility and the danger of inducing dynamic disasters such as rock burst and the like.
For an inclined thick coal seam, because the coal seam of the protected layer is thick, the existing method for judging the mining pressure relief range of the protected layer cannot accurately determine the relative pressure relief height difference between the protected layer and the protected layer, cannot objectively obtain the pressure relief range of the protected layer, and cannot verify the actual pressure relief effect.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for determining the mining pressure relief range of a protective layer of an inclined thick coal seam, which can clearly describe the horizon relation between the protective layer and the inclined thick coal seam, accurately determine the pressure relief range of the protective layer and verify the actual pressure relief effect.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a method for determining the mining pressure relief range of a protective layer of an inclined thick coal seam, which comprises the following steps:
1) collecting information of positions of a protective layer and a protected layer, a mining boundary, coal seam thickness, a coal seam inclination angle and a coal seam interval, wherein the protected layer is positioned below the protective layer;
2) according to the information collected in the step 1), the maximum effective protection vertical distance of the coal bed is judged by combining the coal bed inclination angle, and the specific judgment process is as follows:
a. if the inclination angles of the coal seam of the protective layer and the protected layer are both larger than 45 degrees, the maximum effective protective vertical distance of the coal seam is 60 m; b. if the inclination angles of the coal seam of the protective layer and the protected layer are both less than 45 degrees, the maximum effective protective vertical distance of the coal seam is 50 m;
3) calculating the theoretical relative pressure relief height difference H of the protected layer top plate roadway according to the maximum effective protection vertical distance obtained by judging in the step 2), if the protected layer is within the range of the maximum effective protection vertical distanceTop roofAnd the theoretical relative pressure relief height difference H of the bottom plate laneBottomAnd arranging a top plate lane of the protected layer and a bottom plate lane of the protected layer within the theoretical relative pressure relief range of the top plate lane of the protected layer, wherein the theoretical relative pressure relief H of the top plate lane of the protected layerTop roofAnd the theoretical relative pressure relief height difference H of the bottom plate laneBottomThe calculation formulas of (A) are respectively as follows:
in the formula, alpha1For the angle of inclination of the coal seam, α2Is the angle of inclination of the coal seam to be protected, H1Thickness of coal seam as protective layer H2Thickness of coal seam to be protected, H1-2The thickness of the rock stratum between the protective layer and the protected layer; delta3A pressure relief angle is formed for the protective layer;
4) according to the calculation result of the step 3), arranging a plurality of pressure sensors in the top plate lane and bottom plate lane ranges of the protected layer and the protective layer, respectively averaging the maximum stress of the roadway pressure of the protected layer and the protective layer recorded by the sensors to determine the average stress peak value of each lane, and verifying whether the top plate lane and the bottom plate lane of the protected layer are in the protective range according to the ratio of the average stress peak value of the protected layer and the protective layer, wherein the specific verification process comprises the following steps: when the ratio of the average stress peak value of the protected layer to the average stress peak value of the protective layer is less than 20%, the mining protective layer achieves the pressure relief effect.
Furthermore, the embedding depth of the pressure sensors is 15m, the distance between every two adjacent pressure sensors is 20-40m, and all the pressure sensors are arranged perpendicular to the protective layer or the top plate lane and the bottom plate lane side of the protective layer.
The method comprises the steps of collecting positions of a protective layer and a protected layer, mining boundaries, coal seam thickness, coal seam inclination angles and coal seam spacing information, judging the maximum effective protection vertical distance of the coal seam by combining the coal seam inclination angles, calculating theoretical relative pressure relief differences of a top plate lane and a bottom plate lane of the protected layer if the protected layer is in the maximum effective protection vertical distance range, arranging the top plate lane and the bottom plate lane of the protected layer and the protective layer within the theoretical relative pressure relief differences, respectively arranging a plurality of pressure sensors within the ranges of the top plate lane and the bottom plate lane of the protective layer and the protected layer, respectively averaging the maximum stresses of the roadway pressure of the protected layer and the protective layer recorded by the sensors to determine the average stress peak value of each lane, and verifying whether the protected layer achieves the pressure relief effect or not according to the average stress peak value. The invention realizes clear description of the position relation between the protected layer and the protective layer by calculating the relative height difference between the protected layer and the protective layer, verifies whether the protected layer achieves the pressure relief effect or not by the average stress peak value, and realizes the verification of accurately determining the pressure relief range and the actual pressure relief effect of the mine protective layer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a sloping thick coal seam according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. protective layer, 2, protected layer, 3, roof roadway theoretical relative relief height difference H Top roof4, theoretical relative pressure relief height difference H of bottom plate lane Bottom5, a protective layer coal seam inclination angle, 6, a protected layer coal seam inclination angle, 7, the protective layer coal seam thickness, 8, the protected layer coal seam thickness, 9, the rock stratum thickness between the protective layer and the protected layer, 10 and a protective layer pressure relief angle.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the method for determining the mining pressure relief range of the inclined thick coal seam protective layer comprises the following steps:
1) collecting information of positions of a protective layer 1 and a protected layer 2, mining boundaries, coal seam thickness, coal seam dip angles and coal seam intervals, wherein the protected layer 2 is positioned below the protective layer 1, and the protected layer 2 is parallel to the protective layer 1;
2) according to the information collected in the step 1), the maximum effective protection vertical distance of the coal bed is judged by combining the coal bed inclination angle, and the specific judgment process is as follows:
a. if the inclination angle of the coal seam between the protective layer 1 and the protected layer 2 is greater than 45 degrees, the maximum effective protective vertical distance of the coal seam is 60 m;
b. if the inclination angle of the coal seam between the protective layer 1 and the protected layer 2 is less than 45 degrees, the maximum effective protective vertical distance of the coal seam is 50 m;
3) calculating theoretical relative relief height difference H of a top plate roadway of the protected layer 2 according to the maximum effective protection vertical distance judged in the step 2), if the protected layer is within the range of the maximum effective protection vertical distance Top roof3 and the theoretical relative pressure relief height difference H of the bottom plate lane Bottom4, arranging a top plate lane of the protected layer and a bottom plate lane of the protected layer in the range of the theoretical relative pressure relief difference of the top plate lane of the protected layer, wherein the theoretical relative pressure relief difference H of the top plate lane of the protected layer Top roof3 and the theoretical relative pressure relief height difference H of the bottom plate laneBottomThe calculation formula of 4 is as follows:
in the formula, alpha1For the protective layer coal seam dip angle 5, alpha2The dip angle of the coal seam to be protected is 6, H1Thickness of coal seam as protective layer 7, H2Thickness of coal seam to be protected is 8, H1-2The thickness 9 of the rock layer between the protective layer and the protected layer; delta3A protective layer pressure relief angle 10;
4) according to the calculation result of the step 3), arranging a plurality of pressure sensors in the ranges of the top plate lane and the bottom plate lane of the protected layer and the protecting layer, respectively averaging the maximum stress of the tunnel pressures of the protected layer 2 and the protecting layer 1 recorded by the sensors to determine the average stress peak value of each lane, and verifying whether the top plate lane and the bottom plate lane of the protected layer are in the protecting range according to the ratio of the average stress peak values of the protected layer 2 and the protecting layer 1, wherein the specific verification process comprises the following steps: when the ratio of the average stress peak value of the protected layer 2 to the protective layer 1 is less than 20%, the mining protective layer achieves the pressure relief effect.
Preferably, the embedding depth of the pressure sensors is 15m, the distance between adjacent pressure sensors is 20-40m, and each pressure sensor is arranged perpendicular to the top plate lane and the bottom plate lane of the protective layer 1 or the protected layer 2 where the pressure sensor is located.
Claims (2)
1. A method for determining the mining pressure relief range of a protective layer of an inclined thick coal seam is characterized by comprising the following steps: 1) collecting information of positions of a protective layer and a protected layer, a mining boundary, coal seam thickness, a coal seam inclination angle and a coal seam interval, wherein the protected layer is positioned below the protective layer;
2) according to the information collected in the step 1), the maximum effective protection vertical distance of the coal bed is judged by combining the coal bed inclination angle, and the specific judgment process is as follows:
a. if the inclination angles of the coal seam of the protective layer and the protected layer are both larger than 45 degrees, the maximum effective protective vertical distance of the coal seam is 60 m;
b. if the dip angles of the coal seam of the protective layer and the protected layer are both less than 45 degrees, the maximum effective protective vertical distance of the coal seam is 50 m;
3) calculating the theoretical relative pressure relief height difference H of the protected layer top plate roadway according to the maximum effective protection vertical distance obtained by judging in the step 2), if the protected layer is within the range of the maximum effective protection vertical distanceTop roofAnd the theoretical relative pressure relief height difference H of the bottom plate laneBottomAnd arranging a top plate lane of the protected layer and a bottom plate lane of the protected layer within the theoretical relative pressure relief range of the top plate lane of the protected layer, wherein the theoretical relative pressure relief H of the top plate lane of the protected layerTop roofAnd the theoretical relative pressure relief height difference H of the bottom plate laneBottomIs calculated byThe formulas are respectively as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the inclination angle of the coal seam of the protective layer,
the inclination angle of the coal seam of the protected layer,H 1 is the thickness of the coal seam of the protective layer,H 2 is the thickness of the coal seam to be protected,H 1-2 the thickness of the rock stratum between the protective layer and the protected layer;
a pressure relief angle is formed for the protective layer;
4) according to the calculation result of the step 3), arranging a plurality of pressure sensors in the top plate lane and the bottom plate lane of the protected layer and the protecting layer, respectively averaging the maximum stress of the tunnel pressure of the protected layer and the protecting layer recorded by the pressure sensors to determine the average stress peak value of each lane, and verifying whether the top plate lane and the bottom plate lane of the protected layer are in the protecting range according to the ratio of the average stress peak value of the protected layer to the average stress peak value of the protecting layer, wherein the specific verification process comprises the following steps: when the ratio of the average stress peak value of the protected layer to the average stress peak value of the protective layer is less than 20%, the mining protective layer achieves the pressure relief effect.
2. The method for determining the pressure relief range for mining of the protective layer of the inclined thick coal seam as claimed in claim 1, wherein the burying depth of the pressure sensors is 15m, the distance between the adjacent pressure sensors is 20-40m, and each pressure sensor is arranged perpendicular to the roadway top and the roadway bottom of the protective layer or the protected layer.
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| US6622067B1 (en) * | 1999-10-28 | 2003-09-16 | General Electric Company | Configuration of a remote data collection and communication system |
| CN103266893B (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2015-08-12 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Without the application of coal column coal-mining method in lower protective seam mining |
| CN105350966B (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2017-08-22 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | The method for staying coal pillar mining lower protective layer to realize the continuous release of upper protected seam |
| CN110630328B (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2020-11-27 | 天地科技股份有限公司 | Method and system for measuring protective range of mining protective layer |
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