CN113482592A - Directional recovery method for well core, fracture and magnetic structure - Google Patents
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
- E21B49/02—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells by mechanically taking samples of the soil
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
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- G01R33/1223—Measuring permeability, i.e. permeameters
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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Abstract
A directional recovery method of well core, fracture and magnetic texture comprises the following steps of S1, preparing a standardized core sample; s2, performing rock magnetism experiment analysis; s3, obtaining the viscous remanence and the isothermal remanence of the standardized rock core sample; s4, determining the remanence for correction and the reference geomagnetic field; s5, carrying out coordinate transformation of five azimuths of the sample azimuth, the core azimuth, the rotation azimuth, the inclination azimuth and the geographic azimuth; s6, judging whether the remanence direction for correction and the direction of the reference geomagnetic field are obtuse angles or obtuse angles; if the angle is not an obtuse angle, the sample is placed normally, the optimal rotation angle for recovering the standardized rock core sample is obtained, the fracture azimuth is judged, and the measured fracture tendency and the fracture inclination angle are obtained; if the core sample is in the obtuse angle, the sample is placed in the opposite direction, the standard core sample is placed again correctly, and judgment is carried out again after coordinate conversion. The invention can carry out the coordinate conversion and recovery synchronous with the remanence on important deep information such as the crack azimuth, the magnetic texture azimuth and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geological exploration, in particular to a directional recovery method for well core, fracture and magnetic structure.
Background
The well core contains important directional information such as lava and the flow direction of ore-forming hydrothermal fluid, and the information can be used for researching the storage of fractured ore deposit, judging the direction of an ancient volcanic vent and the like, thereby providing reference for mineral exploration; but the rock core inevitably turns during the drilling process, and important directional information is lost, so that the well bore rock core needs to be directionally recovered during the rock core drilling process; in the aspect of drilling orientation, methods such as a drilling imaging method, a photographic tool method and an inclinometer method are used by the predecessor, and compared with the methods, the ancient geomagnetism orientation method has the advantages of high efficiency, low cost and the like and plays an important role in the core orientation method, but the ancient geomagnetism redirection method is premised on aiming at rocks containing more magnetic minerals;
at present, the core recovery method mostly adopts relatively complex engineering geological methods such as drilling television measurement and interpretation, structural plane recording and the like, but the method only provides the recovered core orientation, lacks means for the extracted early oriented core, and does not expand and apply the recovered core and corresponding information based on a specific principle. The ancient geomagnetism redirection process is complex in abstraction and various in method, and the azimuth recovery of the core of the fine-grained well hole is difficult to understand and popularize and apply.
Disclosure of Invention
Objects of the invention
The invention provides a directional recovery method of a well core, a fracture and a magnetic structure, which aims to solve the technical problems in the background art.
(II) technical scheme
The invention provides a directional recovery method of well core, fracture and magnetic texture, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a core sample block to be detected into a standardized core sample, wherein the diameter of the core sample block is 30-50 cm;
s2, performing rock magnetism experiment analysis on the rock core sample block fragments obtained in sampling;
s3, obtaining the viscous remanence data information and isothermal remanence data information of the standardized core sample;
s4, selecting viscous remanence or characteristic remanence as remanence for correction according to rock magnetism determination, and determining a reference geomagnetic field according to geological records of an IGRF or a rock core sample block to be detected collected paleogeomagnetism;
s5, carrying out coordinate transformation on the residual magnetic declination D and the inclination angle I for five times of sample azimuth, core azimuth, rotation azimuth, inclination azimuth and geographical azimuth;
wherein, the azimuth angle and the inclination angle of the standard rock core sample are respectively set as follows: α and β;
the coordinate conversion formula of the first orientation is as follows:
the coordinate conversion formula of the second orientation is as follows:
setting the rotation angle of the standardized rock core sample as P, and the coordinate conversion formula of the third azimuth as follows:
assuming borehole core azimuth angles are ξ and ζ, the total transformation formula for the fourth and fifth times is:
s6, judging whether the remanence direction for correction and the direction of the reference geomagnetic field are obtuse angles or obtuse angles;
if the standard core sample is not at the obtuse angle, the standard core sample is placed in the forward direction, and S8 is executed continuously;
if the angle is obtuse, the standardized core sample is placed reversely, and S7 is executed continuously;
s7, converting coordinates of the sample azimuth, the core azimuth, the rotation azimuth, the inclination azimuth and the geographical azimuth for five times by the remanence declination angle D and the inclination angle I again; before the coordinate transformation of the second orientation, the standardized core sample is placed again correctly, and S6 is executed continuously;
s8, obtaining the optimal rotation angle Po for the recovery of the standardized core sampleptAnd judging the fracture orientation to obtain the measured fracture tendency Df4And the crack inclination angle If4；
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
(Efx4,Efy4,Efz4) The normal direction of the fracture of the in-situ deep rock core is the normal direction of the fracture of the in-situ deep rock core, and the passing rotation angle is PoptThe same kind of coordinate transformation is obtained.
Preferably, the step of preparing the standardized core sample in S1 is:
s11, fixing the core sample block to be detected on a core directional fixing frame;
s12, carrying a solar compass by using a solar compass connector to orient the core sample block;
s13, sampling by using a sample sampler;
and S14, packaging and marking the obtained sample by using a standard quartz box to obtain a standardized core sample.
Preferably, the rock magnetic experiment analysis comprises identification of magnetic mineral types, identification of magnetic mineral content and identification of magnetic mineral particle size in the core sample piece scraps.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the directional recovery method of the well core, the fracture and the magnetic texture is based on an ancient geomagnetism method, can effectively sample a small sample and accurately qualitatively acquire and analyze the sample, and can convert and recover important deep information such as fracture azimuth, magnetic texture azimuth and the like and coordinates synchronous with remanence, thereby greatly helping researchers understand the core reorientation process and further having clear and thorough understanding on the later-stage ancient geomagnetism data processing of the drill core; meanwhile, the drill core contains important information such As Magnetic Structure (AMS), natural remanence, cracks, water flow bedding and the like, and the system can help to obtain the important information of the drill core and has important significance for scientific research and production;
the method provided by the invention can solve the problem that at present, researchers are difficult to imagine how to orient the ancient geomagnetism in the drill core, and is beneficial to promoting the development of geological survey.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for directional recovery of well cores, fractures and magnetic formations in a well bore according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a conceptual diagram of space scanning to find the viscous remanence.
Fig. 3 is a conceptual diagram of core remanence in a space scanning inversion condition.
FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of pre-corrected and post-corrected magnetic texture data obtained after pre-acquisition core analysis using south China data.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the following detailed description. It should be understood that the description is intended to be exemplary only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for directionally recovering the core, the fracture and the magnetic structure of the borehole provided by the invention comprises the following specific steps:
s1, preparing a core sample block to be detected into a standardized core sample, wherein the diameter of the core sample block is 30-50 cm;
acquiring a core sample block to be detected from the field, and acquiring a standardized core sample by using a small drilling machine;
s2, performing rock magnetism experiment analysis on the rock core sample block fragments obtained in sampling;
s3, obtaining the viscous remanence data information and isothermal remanence data information of the standardized core sample;
obtaining a standardized rock core sample, performing magnetic texture measurement by using an MFK multifunctional susceptibility instrument, performing thermal demagnetization experiment and test by using a TD48 thermal demagnetization furnace and a 2G755 low-temperature superconducting magnetometer, and obtaining viscous remanence data information and isothermal remanence data information by using the obtained demagnetization data through a principal vector analysis method;
s4, selecting viscous remanence or characteristic remanence as remanence for correction according to rock magnetism determination, and determining a reference geomagnetic field according to geological records of an IGRF or a rock core sample block to be detected collected paleogeomagnetism;
s5, carrying out coordinate transformation on the residual magnetic declination D and the inclination angle I for five times of sample azimuth, core azimuth, rotation azimuth, inclination azimuth and geographical azimuth; after the normal demagnetization and remanence extraction of the ancient geomagnetism, a series of data recovery methods are required to recover the ancient geomagnetism to the original azimuth. In the process, the coordinate transformation of five directions including the sample direction, the core direction, the rotation direction, the inclination direction and the geographic direction is involved;
wherein, the azimuth angle and the inclination angle of the standard rock core sample are respectively set as follows: α and β;
the coordinate conversion formula of the first orientation is as follows:
the coordinate conversion formula of the second orientation is as follows:
setting the rotation angle of the standardized rock core sample as P, and the coordinate conversion formula of the third azimuth as follows:
assuming borehole core azimuth angles are ξ and ζ, the total transformation formula for the fourth and fifth times is:
s6, judging whether the remanence direction for correction and the direction of the reference geomagnetic field are obtuse angles or obtuse angles;
if the standard core sample is not at the obtuse angle, the standard core sample is placed in the forward direction, and S8 is executed continuously;
if the angle is obtuse, the standardized core sample is placed reversely, and S7 is executed continuously;
s7, converting coordinates of the sample azimuth, the core azimuth, the rotation azimuth, the inclination azimuth and the geographical azimuth for five times by the remanence declination angle D and the inclination angle I again; before the coordinate transformation of the second orientation, the standardized core sample is placed again correctly, and S6 is executed continuously;
it should be noted that, if the remanence direction for correction and the direction of the reference geomagnetic field are obtuse angles, the vertical core is inverted during the second time of coordinate transformation according to the minimum deviation principle;
because more early-year well holes have partial core samples which are lost, recorded and even abandoned in the field, the core samples need to be analyzed and utilized to improve the data analysis utilization rate of the core samples; therefore, a reasonable recovery method for the top and bottom record loss of the core needs to be considered; in the process, the method adopts a minimum deviation method to judge whether the initial orientation of the core is reversed or not according to the ancient geomagnetism principle, and carries out re-coordinate correction on the reversed core;
s8, obtaining the optimal rotation angle P for the recovery of the standardized core sampleoptAnd judging the fracture orientation to obtain the measured fracture tendency Df4And the crack inclination angle If4；
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
(Efx4,Efy4,Efz4) The normal direction of the fracture of the in-situ deep rock core is P through the rotation angleoptObtaining the same kind of coordinate transformation;
the common core recovery method adopts a relatively complex engineering geological method such as drilling television measurement and interpretation and structural surface cataloguing, and only provides the recovered core position. And expanding and applying the recovered rock core and corresponding information without being based on a specific principle. The method is based on the ancient geomagnetism method, and can perform coordinate conversion and recovery synchronous with remanence on important deep information such as a crack azimuth, a magnetic texture azimuth and the like.
In an alternative embodiment, the step of preparing the standardized core sample in S1 is:
s11, fixing the core sample block to be detected on a core directional fixing frame;
s12, carrying a solar compass by using a solar compass connector to orient the core sample block;
s13, sampling by using a sample sampler; wherein, the sample sampler selects the small ancient geomagnetic sample directional acquisition device provided by the published document with the application number of 201820235600X for sampling;
and S14, packaging and marking the obtained sample by using a standard quartz box to obtain a standardized core sample.
In an alternative embodiment, the rock magnetic experimental analysis comprises identification of magnetic mineral species, identification of magnetic mineral content and identification of magnetic mineral particle size in the core sample piece debris.
Detailed description of the invention
Collecting early scattered non-oriented core samples in a uranium mine field area in the Jiangxi facies mountain, researching by adopting the directional recovery method of the well hole core, the fissure and the magnetic texture provided by the invention, obtaining the residual magnetic direction of the core, carrying out in-situ recovery on the core, and examining the specific extension direction of the fissure in the deep part and the flow direction of the paleo-magma. Further picking up effective magnetic information to provide constraint for magnetic exploration and inversion; the specific process comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: carrying out standardized sample treatment on the core sample to prepare a standardized sample;
step two: firstly, performing a rock magnetism experiment for identifying the type, content and particle size of magnetic minerals on scraps generated during cutting of a rock core sample;
then, the prepared standardized ancient geomagnetic sample is subjected to magnetic texture measurement by using an MFK multifunctional susceptibility instrument, then a thermal demagnetization experiment and test are carried out by using a TD48 thermal demagnetization furnace and a 2G755 low-temperature superconducting magnetometer, and the obtained demagnetization data is subjected to viscous remanence and isothermal remanence by using a principal vector analysis method;
step three: firstly, judging and selecting viscous remanence or characteristic remanence as correction remanence according to a rock magnetism result, and judging a reference geomagnetic field according to IGRF or geological records of a local paleogeomagnetic field;
performing five-time coordinate transformation on the residual magnetic declination D and the inclination angle I on the small sample azimuth, the core azimuth, the rotation azimuth, the inclination azimuth and the geographic azimuth;
step four: in the rotary scanning, the top and the bottom are marked clearlyIn the core sample, the residual magnetism direction obtained in the scanning presents 360 degrees umbrella-shaped distribution (as shown in figure 2), and the umbrella center, namely the scanning average direction, presents a non-obtuse angle with the reference magnetic field direction, so that the optimal scanning angle PoptThe angle corresponding to the ray with the minimum included angle with the reference field in the umbrella-shaped rays is required;
it should be noted that the canopy in FIG. 2 is a collection of residual magnetic orientations that scan 360 degrees; ray A is the average direction of the total scanning azimuth; the ray B is a reference geomagnetic field azimuth; ray C is the best matching remanence orientation;
during rotary scanning, if the average value of the umbrella-shaped scanning rays after normal coordinate conversion and the direction of the reference magnetic field are obtuse angles (as shown in figure 3), the instruction core sample is reversely placed, according to the judgment, the core sample is correctly placed again before the second time of coordinate conversion, and then the same coordinate conversion is carried out to obtain a correct rotary direction;
it should be noted that in fig. 3, the downward canopy is a set of remanence orientations scanned by 360 degrees in the remanence direction of the original coordinate system, and the upward canopy is a set of remanence orientations scanned by 360 degrees after the core sample is correctly placed; ray E is the best matching remanence orientation;
step five: after the condition that whether the core is reversely arranged or not is considered, the optimal rotation angle P of the core can be obtainedoptI.e. the optimum rotation angle for core recovery; the characteristic/viscous remanence orientation and the magnetic texture K1/K2/K3 orientation are represented by deflection angles and inclination angles, and can be obtained by carrying out the same type of coordinate transformation with viscous/characteristic remanence. For fracture azimuth judgment, a compass can be used for measuring fracture tendency D after a rock core sample is fixedfAnd the angle of inclination IfAt an angle of rotation of PoptThe normal direction (E) of the fracture of the in-situ deep core can be obtained by the same type of coordinate transformationfx4,Efy4,Efz4) And further to obtain the fracture surface appearance.
In order to verify the feasibility of the method, 58 core samples of 6 drill holes in different mining areas in south China are collected for further analysis and research. Through the remanence experiment and the recovery of the magnetic structure of the rock core, the test shows the northwest inclination of the diabase dike to a certain extent, which is consistent with the result of geophysical inversion and also means the possibility of searching a deep intersection and mineralization area of the dike in Gannan, as shown in the attached figure 4;
it should be noted that fig. 4 shows the magnetic texture data before (a) and after (b) calibration using the south china data pre-collected core (100 m-400m underground), and the three axes of magnetic susceptibility are clearly tilted to NW after calibration.
It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative of or explaining the principles of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Therefore, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Further, it is intended that the appended claims cover all such variations and modifications as fall within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims or the equivalents of such scope and boundaries.
Claims (3)
1. A directional recovery method for well core, fracture and magnetic texture is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
s1, preparing a core sample block to be detected into a standardized core sample, wherein the diameter of the core sample block is 30-50 cm;
s2, performing rock magnetism experiment analysis on the rock core sample block fragments obtained in sampling;
s3, obtaining the viscous remanence data information and isothermal remanence data information of the standardized core sample;
s4, selecting viscous remanence or characteristic remanence as remanence for correction according to rock magnetism determination, and determining a reference geomagnetic field according to geological records of an IGRF or a rock core sample block to be detected collected paleogeomagnetism;
s5, carrying out coordinate transformation on the residual magnetic declination D and the inclination angle I for five times of sample azimuth, core azimuth, rotation azimuth, inclination azimuth and geographical azimuth;
wherein, the azimuth angle and the inclination angle of the standard rock core sample are respectively set as follows: α and β;
the coordinate conversion formula of the first orientation is as follows:
the coordinate conversion formula of the second orientation is as follows:
setting the rotation angle of the standardized rock core sample as P, and the coordinate conversion formula of the third azimuth as follows:
assuming borehole core azimuth angles are ξ and ζ, the total transformation formula for the fourth and fifth times is:
s6, judging whether the remanence direction for correction and the direction of the reference geomagnetic field are obtuse angles or obtuse angles;
if the standard core sample is not at the obtuse angle, the standard core sample is placed in the forward direction, and S8 is executed continuously;
if the angle is obtuse, the standardized core sample is placed reversely, and S7 is executed continuously;
s7, converting coordinates of the sample azimuth, the core azimuth, the rotation azimuth, the inclination azimuth and the geographical azimuth for five times by the remanence declination angle D and the inclination angle I again; before the coordinate transformation of the second orientation, the standardized core sample is placed again correctly, and S6 is executed continuously;
s8, obtaining the optimal rotation angle P for the recovery of the standardized core sampleoptAnd judging the fracture orientation to obtain the measured fracture tendency Df4And the crack inclination angle If4；
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
(Efx4,Efy4,Efz4) The normal direction of the fracture of the in-situ deep rock core is P through the rotation angleoptThe same kind of coordinate transformation is obtained.
2. The method for directional recovery of well cores, fractures and magnetic formations according to claim 1, wherein the step of preparing standardized core samples in S1 comprises:
s11, fixing the core sample block to be detected on a core directional fixing frame;
s12, carrying a solar compass by using a solar compass connector to orient the core sample block;
s13, sampling by using a sample sampler;
and S14, packaging and marking the obtained sample by using a standard quartz box to obtain a standardized core sample.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the rock magnetic experimental analysis comprises identification of magnetic mineral species, magnetic mineral content and magnetic mineral particle size in core sample fragments.
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| 葛坤朋等: "钻孔岩心重定向的古地磁学新方法及其在华南铀矿床岩心定向中的初步应用", 《地球物理学报》 * |
| 韦乐乐等: "钻井岩芯裂缝重定向方法研究", 《地质学刊》 * |
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